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大学英语考试
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硕士研究生英语学位考试
填空题Students can find reports on any virtual topic in the ______.
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填空题Experts have pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, drivers should be ready to ______.
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填空题Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.George Herbert Mead said that humans are "talked into" humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. "You're {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}" "You're so strong." We first see ourselves through the eyes of others. So their messages form important {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}of our self-concepts. Later, we interact with teachers, friends, {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}partners and coworkers who communicate their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}the views of us that others communicate. The {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}connection between identity and communication is {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}evident in children who are {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}of human contact. Case studies of children who {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language. Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity, but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}stress, disease, and early death. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relation-ship between health and interaction with others. The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}miner and major illnesses.
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填空题Regardless of other workplace changes, employees may long for and workers will still need to ______ in order to do their best.
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填空题The difference between a room of one's own and early conditioning to shared space has an important effect on the Englishman's ______.
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填空题 Millions of young people are creating blogs. Millions of others arc reading them. The word "blog" is a short way of saying Web log. Many popular{{U}} (36) {{/U}}now offer free, easy ways to create personal Web pages and fill them with writings and pictures. Many young adults use their blogs to write about daily{{U}} (37) {{/U}}and events in their lives. They also provide a place for people to write their ideas and{{U}} (38) {{/U}}and react to the ideas of others. Blogs offer young people a place to show their writings and other forms of{{U}} (39) {{/U}}. Blogs can also to helpful to connect young people with larger social groups. But some researchers say the{{U}} (40) {{/U}}blogs can dangerous when read on the{{U}} (41) {{/U}}by millions of people all over the world. People are{{U}} (42) {{/U}}that students are including information in their blogs that create a threat to their own{{U}} (43) {{/U}}and safely.{{U}} (44) {{/U}}. This personal information puts them at risk of being sought out by dangerous people who want to harm them. {{U}} (45) {{/U}}One way to avoid these problems is by using programs that permit blogs to be. read by "friends only".{{U}} (46) {{/U}}.
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填空题It is surprising that my choice ______ (证明是个可怕的错误).
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填空题Female Relationships A. Several new books and films explore the complex relationships between women. Lucy Scholes explains why an issue once sidelined has come into the mainstream. B. Emmeline and Cecilia, the protagonists of Elizabeth Bowen"s 1932 novel To the North happily share a house in London until Emmeline"s world is torn apart—when Cecilia announces she"s engaged to be married. "Timber by timber, Oudenarde Road fell to bits," Emmeline thinks. C. Forty years on and across the Atlantic, Susan, the hero of Claudia Weill"s 1978 film Girlfriends finds herself standing on the same shifting sands in New York when her best friend and roommate Anne makes a similar announcement. Even for those who haven"t seen this relatively obscure film, the plot will move anyone who watched Noah Baumbach"s Frances Ha (2012), which is also about a woman caught off balance when she"s deserted by her best friend. D. Although both are very much strong individuals—the aspiring photographer Susan in Girlfriends , and the aspiring dancer Frances in Frances Ha —same to these women"s identities is their relationship with their best friend and roommate. "We"re the same person, with different hair," Frances says of her bosom buddy Sophie at the beginning of the film. E. What Frances Ha and Lena Dunham"s film Tiny Furniture (2010) and her hit TV series Girls have in common are their truthful portrayals of what it"s like to be a young woman struggling to balance career, love life and friendships. Despite the success of the likes of Dunham and Baumbach"s works, there"s yet to be a neat female-to-female equivalent, perhaps precisely because of the complexity involved in female friendships. They can be as formative and significant as romantic relationships: as mutually dependent, as supportive, but also as traumatic and toxic when they go wrong. F. As Virginia Woolf noted in her essay "A Room of One"s Own", capturing these intricacies has traditionally presented a problem: "All these relationships between women, I thought, rapidly recalling the splendid gallery of fictitious women, are too simple. So much has been left out, unattempted." Woolf would surely be pleased by the excess of complex female friendship-focused narratives that exist today. G. The most recent addition to the ever-growing female friendship fiction is Emily Gould"s first novel, Friendship , the story of two 30-year-old best friends, Bev Tunney and Amy Schein, and their attempts to maintain their relationship as each of them is storm-tossed by life in New York. Despite their closeness, they soon find their differing life choices put a strain on their friendship; growing up, they learn, sometimes means growing apart. H. Friendship is Gould"s first novel but she"s made a career out of writing on a variety of popular blogs, the first of which led to a job at the New York-based gossip site Gawker. The New York Times , re-visiting Gould on the eve of the publication of Friendship , pointed out, "a case could be made that Ms. Gould"s realistic brand of self-exposure anticipated a wave of confessional writing that paved the way for Girls ". I. These more realistic fictions might also be considered the fictional representatives of the fourth wave feminism advocated by the likes of Caitlin Moran, the British newspaper columnist, who, since the publication of her book How to Be a Woman , has become something of model for the cause, along with Dunham. "Do you believe that women should be paid the same for doing the same jobs?" the writer and actress asked in an interview last year, complaining about women who claim not to be feminists. "Do you believe that women should be allowed to leave the house? Do you think that women and men both deserve equal rights? Great, then you"re a feminist." J. So does the current popularity of female friendship-focused culture simply follow the fairly rich, although often overlooked, tradition of female friendships in literature and film? Or, does it specifically reflect this new wave of feminism? Carol Dyhouse, in her study " Girl Trouble: Panic and Protest in the History of Young Women ", says this feminism, and Moran"s book in particular, is characterised by "common sense"; for example, about how we reconcile our career ambitions with having a family without, as Amy puts it in Friendship , "children and domesticity and making it seem like they are the goals of women"s lives, the only legitimate goals women"s lives can have"? K. In Friendship the relationship between the two central characters allows for the working through of conflicting ideas about how best to be a modern woman. How, for example, does a woman like Amy who feels so strongly about the bonds of motherhood, learn to respect and appreciate the choice Bev makes without looking down on her? L. The fact that Girlfriends , despite being nearly 40 years old, sets up a similar plot between its two central characters reminds us that these problems aren"t as new as we might think. The film was recently screened at the British Film Institute in London to packed audiences who wanted to see "the original Frances Ha/Girls". Similarly, Rona Jaffe"s novel of career girls in 1950s New York, The Best of Everything , was republished and found a newly appreciative audience. There is clearly a huge appetite for these stories right now: issues that were once sidelined have now become main stream. M. Look between the cracks, and there"s a healthy tradition of female friendship narratives that crosses literary genres: from Edna O"Brien"s The Country Girls (1960); through Mary McCarthy"s The Group (1963); Shirley Conran"s Lace (1982); and most recently, British novelist Emma Jane Unsworth"s novel Animals (2014). N. Although in many ways examples like Girlfriends and The Best of Everything are very much products of the period they were filmed or written in, there"s something refreshingly contemporary in their focus on female friendships. These examples, from Bowen through to Gould, show that female friendships play just as significant roles in women"s lives today as they always have, it"s just taken a while for them to be seen and taken seriously, and this new-found emphasis is filtering down through all genres of film, literature and TV. O. And about time too, for as Woolf shrewdly summarised it, the depiction of a woman seen only in relation to men, "how small a part of a woman"s life is that".
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填空题Hilton Hotels believes it won't bo long before it is possible to build a ______.
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填空题After Jerry was shot and pushed to the verge of death, he ______.
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填空题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor thought it might be time to move out of their New York City apartment to the suburbs. They had one young son and another child on the way. But after months of looking, they became discouraged and decided to buy an old townhouse right in the middle of Brooklyn, which is a part of New York City. To their delight, they discovered that they weren't the only young couple to have made such a decision. In fact, the entire area in Brooklyn had been settled by young families. And as a result, the neighborhood, which had been declining for years, was now being restored. Brooklyn isn't the only city in the United States to experience this kind of renewal. So are Philadelphia and St. Louis. And Charleston, South Carolina, has so successfully rebuilt its old central area that it now ranks as one of America's most charming cities. The restoration of the old port city of Savannah, Georgia, is also living proof that downtown areas do not need to die. But encouraging as these developments may be, they are among the few bright spots in a mass of difficulties that today's cities face. Indeed, their woes are so many that it is fair to ask whether or not the inner city, the core of most urban areas will manage to survive at all. In the 1940a, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbowroom, and privacy. Suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Since most of those making the move were middle-class, they took with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the neighborhoods in which they had lived. The people left in the cities were often those who were too old or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation was neglected. (In the past sixty years San Francisco is the only city in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.) Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to rise higher and higher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was constructed. Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in offices, and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, "Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that we can live and work in the same area?" Gradually, some of the larger companies began moving out of the cites, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of businesses to the suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium, as well. But it may well be that this movement to the suburbs has reached its peak. Some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life. Perhaps the decision made by the Taylors is a sign that people will return to the cities and begin to restore them. h begins to look as if suburban sprawl may not have been the answer to man's need to create an ideal environment in which to live and work.
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填空题A great many cities are experiencing difficulties whichare nothing new in the history of cities, except for in their 62. ______scale. Some cities have lost their original purpose and havenot found? new one. And any large or rich city is going to 63. ______attract poor immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes 64. ______of prosperity which are then often disappointing. There arebackward towns on the edge of Bombay or Brasilia, justas though there were on the edge of seventeenth-century 65. ______London or early nineteenth-century Paris. This is new is 66. ______the scale. Descriptions written by eighteenth-century travelersof the poor of Mexico City, and the enormous contraststhat was to be found there, are very similar to descriptions 67. ______of Mexico City today-the poor can still be numbered in millions.The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosperity,but behind it lies two myths: the myth of the city as a 68. ______promised land, that attracts immigrants from rural poverty 69. ______and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the 70. ______country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generationslate, sends them flooding out again to the suburbs. 71. ______
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填空题How is our population formed intellectually?
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填空题The number of women smokers started to increase greatly during ______.
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