填空题Have you ever been asked to take a polygraph test for a job? A polygraph, also called a lie detector, is a device that is used to find out if someone is telling a lie. It is based on the belief that lying causes certain physical reactions. These reactions, which include a change in blood pressure and pulse rate, are measured by the polygraph. Lie detector tests are often used in court and in the workplace. However, a law that went effect in December 1988 limits the ways that employers can use these tests. Employers can no longer use them to screen(审查) people who are applying for jobs. The only exception is for those who want government jobs as security guards or drug handlers. Also, managers can no longer ask workers to take such tests unless there is reasonable suspicion that the worker has stolen or damaged property. This will curb tests for suspected offenses, such as drug use or sexual harassment, and for workers who were merely in the area of a theft. Bosses who request lie detector tests will have to tell workers why they are suspected of an offense. Also, they may not ask questions that degrade workers, such as questions about their sex lives. In any case, according to the new law, the test is now voluntary: You can' t be fired for refusing to take it. If you have been forced to take a polygraph test, or if you are not being given a promotion because you have refused to take the test, you can sue the company or file a complaint with the Department of Labor. The Department of Labor can fine employers up to $10,000.

填空题My parents realize that ______(沉迷于电脑游戏是一种潜在的威胁)to kids' physical and mental health.

填空题 Rates Are Low, but Consumers Won't Borrow With heavy debt loads and high joblessness, Americans are cautious. A) The US Federal Reserve (Fed)'s announcement last week that it intended to keep credit cheap for at least two more years was a clear invitation to Americans: Go out and borrow. B) But many economists say it will take more than low interest rates to persuade consumers to take on more debt. There are already signs that the recent stock market fluctuations, turbulence in Europe and the US deficit have scared consumers. On Friday, preliminary data showed that the Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan consumer sentiment index had fallen this month to lower than it was in November 2008, when the United States was deep in recession. Under normal circumstances, the Fed's announcement might have attracted new home and car buyers and prompted credit card holders to rack up fresh charges. But with unemployment high and those with jobs worried about keeping them, consumers are more concerned about paying off the loans they already have than adding more debt. And by showing its hand for the next two years, the Fed may have thoughtlessly invited prospective borrowers to put off large purchases. C) Lenders, meanwhile, are still dealing with the effects of the boom-gone-bust and are forcing prospective borrowers to go to extraordinary lengths to prove their creditworthiness. D) "I don't think lenders are going to be interested in extending a lot of debt in this environment," said Mark Zandi, chief economist of Moody's Analytics, a macroeconomic consulting firm. "Nor do I think households are going to be interested in taking on a lot of debt." In housing, consumers have already shown a slow response to low rates. Applications for new mortgages have decreased this year to a 10-year low, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association. Sales of furniture and furnishings remain 22% below their pre-recession peak, according to SpendingPulse, a research report by Master Card Advisors. Credit card rates have actually gone up slightly in the past year. The one bright spot in lending is the number of auto loans, which is up from last year. But some economists say that confidence among car buyers is hitting new lows. E) For Xavier Walter, a former mortgage banker who with his wife, Danielle, accumulated $20,000 in credit card debt, low rates will not change his spending habits. As the housing market topped out five years ago, he lost his six-figure income. He and his wife were able to modify the mortgage on their four-bedroom house in Medford, New Jersey, as well as negotiate lower credit card payments. Two years ago, Mr. Walter, a 34-year-old father of three, started an energy business. He has sworn off credit. "I'm not going to go back in debt ever again," he said. "If I can't pay for it in cash, I don't want it." F) Until now, one of the biggest restraints on consumer spending has been a debt aftereffect. Since August 2008, when household debt peaked at $12.41 trillion, it has declined by about $1.2 trillion, according to an analysis by Moody's Analytics of data from the Federal Reserve and Equifax, the credit agency. A large portion of that, though, was simply written off by lenders as borrowers defaulted on loans. By other measures, households have improved their position. The proportion of after-tax income that households spend to remain current on loan payments has fallen. G) Still, household debt remains high. That presents a paradox: many economists argue that the economy cannot achieve true health until debt levels decline. But credit, made attractive by low rates, is a time-tested way to increase consumer spending. With new risks of another downturn, economists worry that it will take years for debt to return to manageable levels. If the economy contracts again, said George Magnus, senior adviser at UBS, then "you could find a lot of households in a debt trap which they probably can never get out of" H) Mortgage lenders, meanwhile, burned by the housing crash, are extra careful about approving new loans. In June, for instance, Fannie Mac, the largest mortgage buyer in the United States, said that borrowers whose existing debt exceeded 45 to 50% of their income would be required to have stronger "compensating" factors, which might include higher savings. Even those borrowers in strong financial positions are asked to provide unusual amounts of paperwork. Bobby and Katie Smith have an extremely good credit record, tiny student debt and a combined six-figure income. For part of their down payment, they planned to use about $5,000 they had received as wedding gifts in February. But the lender would not accept that money unless the Smiths provided a certified letter from each of 14 guests, stating that the money was a gift, rather than a loan. "We laughed for a good 15 or 20 minutes," recalled Mr. Smith, 34. Mr. Smith, a program director for a radio station in Orlando, Florida, said they ended up using other savings for their down payment to buy a $300,000 four-bedroom house in April. I) For those not as creditworthy as the Smiths, low rates are irrelevant because they no longer qualify for mortgages. That leaves the eligible pool of loan applicants wealthier, "older and whiter," said Guy Cecala, publisher of Inside Mortgage Finance. "It's creating much more of a divide," he said, "between the haves and the have-nots." "Car shoppers with the highest credit ratings can also get loans more easily, and at lower rates," said Paul C. Taylor, chief economist of the National Automobile Dealers Association. J) During the recession, inability to obtain credit severely cut auto buying as lenders rejected even those with good credit ratings. Now automakers are increasing their subprime (次级债的) lending again as well, but remain hesitant to approve large numbers of risky customers. K) The number of new auto loans was up by 16% in the second quarter compared with the previous year, said Melinda Zabritski, director of automotive credit at Experian, the information services company. But some economists warn that consumer confidence is falling. According to CNW Marketing Research, confidence among those who intend to buy a car this year is at its lowest since it began collecting data on this measure in 2000. L) On credit cards, rates have actually inched higher this year, largely because of new rules that curb the issuer's ability to charge fees or raise certain interest rates at will. M) At the end of the second quarter, rates averaged 14.01% on new card offers, up from 13.75% a year earlier, according to Mail Monitor, which tracks credit cards for Synovate, a market research firm. According to data from the Federal Reserve, total outstanding debt on revolving credit cards was down by 4.6% during the first half of tile year compared with the same period a year earlier. N) Even if the Fed's announcement helps keep rates steady, or pushes them down, businesses do not expect customers to suddenly charge up a storm. O) "It's not like, 'Oh, credit is so cheap, let's go back to the heydays (鼎盛时期),'" said Elizabeth Crowell, who owns Sterling Place, two high-end home furnishing and gift stores in New York. "People still fear for their jobs. So I think where maybe after other recessions they might return to previous spending habits, the pendulum hasn't swung back the same way."

填空题The author mentioned software and copyrights in the second paragraph to demonstrate ________.

填空题What does the phrase "an unframed picture to his subordinates" mean?

填空题 You probably enjoy being a part of your local community.You may attend church services, belong to a neighborhood watchgroup, chat with neighbors over the fence, or meeting neighborhood 62. ______.friends at a local restaurant. It's human nature to want to bond withothers, so it's not surprised to find that people are seeking out each 63. ______.other online by forming all sorts of Internet communities. The Internet is brimming with groups of people who aresharing experiences, learning from each other, and enjoy the 64. ______.Multi-person. Internet communities can take several different forms. Twoof the most common forms are message boards and chat rooms,either of which are based on shared interests. 65. ______. Message boards, also called forums, are extremely popular.They are places where people post comments for all otherparticipants to read. Message board visitors can read and reply toany comments they find them interesting. 66. ______. Chat rooms are "virtual" rooms in there people meet to talk 67. ______.about anything. They differ from message boards that conversations 68. ______.in chat rooms take place in real time. You visit a chat room simplyby going to the specified Internet address. Once there, you will beasked to log in, and once you are in the "room", you would be 69. ______.able to see the names of others in the room and read theirconversations as they progress. You can jump in at some time by 70. ______.typing your comments and clicking on post, send, or whatever linkthe chat room has provided to add your comments for the chat. 71. ______.

填空题When may spontaneous panic happen?

填空题Five minutes earlier, ______ (我们就能赶上最后一趟火车了).

填空题You won't expect to find the whole truth in advertisements____________________(就如求职的人不会介绍自己的缺点一样)

填空题Shanghai Museum, one of the largest in China,____________________(收藏有五千多幅中国传统国画).

填空题When I go to work, ______(我喜欢乘公汽而不是自己驾车).

填空题What emitted from the exhaust pipe of the GM minivan the author drove is so clean that it is drinkable.

填空题If I were you, ________________________ (我绝不会对这么好的机会说“不”).

填空题The second hypothesis concerning the "mapping" ability of birds proposes an idea that birds may be able to extract latitude and longitude from______.

填空题We are told that under no circumstances____________(我们都不应该做违反人民意愿的事).

填空题According to the passage, fighting against greenhouse effect successfully requires ______.

填空题Directions: In this section, there is" a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. According to a survey, Facebook and MySpace do not help you make more genuine close friends. Although social networking on the Internet helps people to collect hundreds or even thousands of {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}, the researchers believe that face to face contact is nearly always necessary to form truly close friendships. Social networking websites have taken off rapidly in recent years. Previous research has suggested that a person's {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}friendship group consists of around 150 people, with five very close friends but larger numbers of people who we keep in touch with less {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. This figure is so consistent that scientists have suggested it is determined by the cognitive {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}of keeping up with large numbers of people. Larger numbers just require too much brain effort to keep track of. But Dr Reader and his team have found that social networking sites do allow people to {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}this figure. They allow people to {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}their list of nodding acquaintances because staying online is easy. "What social network sites can do is to decrease the cost of forming and {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}these social networks because we can post information to multiple people," he said. But to develop a real friendship we need to see that the other person is trustworthy. "We invest time and effort in them in the hope that sometime they will help us out. It is a kind of {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}relationship," said Dr Reader, "What we need is to be {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}sure that a person is really going to invest in us, is really going to be there for us when we need them... It's very easy to {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the Internet." A. absolutely. B. acquaintances C. broaden D. collaborators E. consciousness F. constraints G. conventional H. deceive I. encountering J. maintaining K. permanently L. reciprocal M. regularly N. simultaneous O. stretch