填空题People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a (26) from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the (27) or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking ; they try to find a solution by (28) and error. However, when all these (29) fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six (30) in analyzing a problem. First, the person must (31) that there is a problem. For example, Sam's bicycle is (32) , and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle. Next, the thinker must (33) the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must take his problem more specific. Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about (34) . He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully. After studying the problem, he should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an (35) . His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.

填空题Amazingly for the British, who love queues, there is no formal line-up—the bar staff are skilled at knowing whose turn it is. You are permitted to try to (26) , but there are rules about how to do this. Do not call out, tap coins on the counter, snap your finger or wave like a (27) swimmer. And whatever you do, do not ring the bell hanging behind the counter—this is used by the (28) to signal closing time. The key thing is to catch the bar worker's eyes. Do adopt an (29) , hopeful, even slightly anxious facial expression. If you look too contented, the bar staff may (30) you are already being served. Always say "please" and try to remember some of the British bar staffs pet hates. They do not like people who wait until the end of the order before asking for such drinks as Guinness stout (健力士啤酒) which take (31) longer to pour than other drinks. And they do not like people to keep others waiting when they (32) . One Dutch tourist who visited 800 of Britain's 61,000 pubs and interviewed 50 publicans (酒馆老板) and bar workers and more than 1,000 customers (33) how the British ever manage to buy themselves a drink. But they do, and if you follow these tips you should be able to do so, too. (34) tips, you should never offer the bar staff a cash gratuity (小费). The correct behavior is to offer them a drink. A tip in cash would be a (35) of their service role, whereas the offer of a drink is a friendly gesture.

填空题He was astonished ______ (一个身穿制服的厨师突然从门后冒了出来).

填空题Why is slowing down for some time in life necessary?

填空题Studies have shown that______are the No. 1 reason for divorce for some couples.

填空题Whether the past or now, parentless children rely on the goodwill and pity of the community.

填空题Why didn't the quacks prescribe any medicine for their patients after radionic diagnosis?

填空题 From the beginning, America, a nation of immigrants, welcomed people desiring freedom and a new start. However, the coming together of different races and ethnic groups created some {{U}}(36) {{/U}} Black people were the only" immigrants" who didn't choose to come to America. For hundreds of years, Africans were taken from their homes to be slaves in the New World. The end of the Civil War {{U}}(37) {{/U}} brought freedom to the slaves in 1865, but blacks still had a lower position in the society. The Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s helped black people {{U}}(38) {{/U}} many of the rights promised in the Constitution. In 1955, Rosa Parks {{U}}(39) {{/U}} to give up her seat on a bus for a white man. Her courage {{U}}(40) {{/U}} a bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama, that ended {{U}}(41) {{/U}} on city buses. Martin Luther King Jr. encouraged black people to use {{U}}(42) {{/U}} means to achieve their goals of equal {{U}}(43) {{/U}}. Finally, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to stop discrimination in all public places. {{U}} (44) {{/U}}. The laws have changed, but some people remain prejudiced. Tensions sometimes erupt in violence. {{U}}(45) {{/U}}. Multicultural America has numerous minority groups that argue for equal treatment. {{U}} (46) {{/U}}. Minority groups now have equal opportunities in many areas of education, employment and housing. Interracial marriages are becoming more accepted. Children of different races, with their parents, are learning to play together and work together.

填空题Climate Change Scientists predict increasing droughts, floods and extreme weather and say there is growing evidence that human activities are to blame.What Is Climate Change? The planet's climate is constantly changing. The global average temperature is currently in the region of 15℃. Geological and other evidence suggests that, in the past, this average may have been as high as 27℃ and as low as 7℃. But scientists are concerned that the natural fluctuation (波动) has been overtaken by a rapid human-induced warming that has serious implications for the stability of the climate on which much life on the planet depends.What Is the "Greenhouse Effect"? The greenhouse effect refers to the role played by gases which effectively trap energy from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere. Without them, the planet would be too cold to sustain life as we know it. The most important of these gases in the natural greenhouse effect is water vapor, but concentrations of that are changing little and it plays almost no role in modem human-induced greenhouse warming. Other greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane (甲烷) and nitrous (含氮的) oxide, which are released by modern industry, agriculture and the burning of fossil fuels. Their concentration in the atmosphere is increasing—the concentration of carbon dioxide has risen by more than 30% since 1800. The majority of climate scientists accept the theory that an increase in these gases will cause a rise in the Earth's temperature.What Is the Evidence of Warming? Temperature records go back to the late 19th century and show that the global average temperature increased by about 0.6℃ in the 20th century. Sea levels have risen 10～20 cm—thought to be caused mainly by the expansion of warming oceans. Most glaciers in temperate regions of the world and along the Antarctic Peninsula are in retreat, and records show Arctic sea-ice has thinned by 40% in recent decades in summer and autumn. There are anomalies (异常) however—parts of. the Antarctic appear to be getting colder, and there are discrepancies between trends in surface temperatures and those in the troposphere(对流层) (the lower portion of the atmosphere).How Much Will Temperatures Rise? If nothing is done to reduce emissions, current climate models predict a global temperature increase of 1.4～5.8℃ by 2100. Even if we cut greenhouse gas emissions dramatically now, scientists say the effects would continue because parts of the climate system, particularly large bodies of water and ice, can take hundreds of years to respond to changes in temperature. It also takes greenhouse gases in the atmosphere decades to break down. It is possible that we have already irrevocably(不可撤回地) committed the Greenland ice sheet to melting, which would cause an estimated 7m rise in sea level. There are also indications that the west Antarctic ice sheet may have begun to melt. though scientists caution further research is necessary.How Will the Weather Change? Globally, we can expect more extreme weather events, with heat waves becoming hotter and more frequent. Scientists predict more rainfall overall, but say the risk of thought in inland areas during hot summers will increase. More flooding is expected from storms and rising sea levels. There are, however, likely to be very strong regional variations in these patterns, and these ere difficult to predict.What Will the Effects Be? The potential impact is huge, with predicted freshwater shortages, sweeping changes in food production conditions, and increases in deaths from floods, storms, heat waves and droughts. Poorer countries, which are least equipped to deal with rapid change, will suffer most. Plant and animal extinctions are predicted as habitats change faster than species can adapt and the World Health Organization has warned that the health of millions could be threatened by increases in malaria, water-home disease and malnutrition.What Don't We Know? We don't know exactly what proportion of the observed warming is caused by human activities or what the knock-on effects of the warming will be. The precise relationship between concentrations of carbon dioxide (and other greenhouse gases) and temperature rise is not known, which is one mason why there is such uncertainty in projections of temperature increase. Global warming will cause some changes which will speed up further warming, such as the release of large quantities of the greenhouse gas methane as permafrost(永久冻结带) melts. Other factors may mitigate(减轻) warming. It is possible that plants may hake more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as their growth speeds up in warmer conditions, though this remains in doubt. Scientists are not sure how the complex balance between these positive and negative feedback effects will play out.What about the Skeptics? Global warming "skeptics" fall into three broad camps: ·those who maintain temperatures are not rising; ·those who accept the climate is changing but suspect it is largely down to natural variation; ·those who accept the theory of human-induced warming but say it is not worth tackling as other global problems are more pressing. Nevertheless, there is a growing scientific consensus (舆论) that. even on top of the natural variability of the climate, something out of the ordinary is happening and humans are to blame. A scientific report commissioned by the U.S. government has concluded there is "clear evidence" of climate change caused by human activities. The report, from the federal Climate Change Science Program, said trends seen over the last 50 years "cannot be explained by natural processes alone". It found that temperatures have increased in the lower atmosphere as well as at the Earth's surface. However. scientists involved in the report say better data is badly needed. Observations down the years have suggested that the troposphere, the lower atmosphere, is not warming up, despite evidence that temperatures at the Earth's surface are rising. This goes against generally accepted tenets (原则) of atmospheric physics, and has been used by "climate skeptics" as proof that there is no real warming. The new report, Temperature Trends in the Lower Atmosphere, re-analyses the atmospheric data and concludes that tropospheric temperatures Ire rising. This means, it says, that the impact of human activities upon the global climate is clear. "The observed patterns of change over the past 50 years cannot be explained lay natural processes alone: nor by the effect of short-lived atmospheric constituents (such as aerosols and tropospheric ozone) alone." it says.Holes in the Data But there are some big uncertainties which still need resolving. Globally, the report concludes, tropospheric temperatures have risen by 0.10 and 0.20℃ per decade since 1979, when satellite dam became generally available. The wide gap between the two figures means, says the report, that "...it is not clear whether the troposphere has warmed more or less than the surface." Peter Thorne, of the U.K. Meteorological Office, who contributed to the report, ascribes this uncertainty to poor data. "Basically, we've not been observing the atmosphere with climate in mind," he told the BBC News website. "We're looking for very small signals in data that are very noisy. From one day to the next, the temperature can change by 10'C, but we're looking for a signal in the order of 0.1℃ per decade." The report shows up a particular discrepancy concerning the tropics, where it concludes that temperatures are rising by between 0.02 and 0.19℃ per decade, a big margin of error. Additionally, the majority of the available datasets show more warming at the surface than in the troposphere, whereas most models predict the opposite. For Fred Singer, of the Science and Environmental Policy Project, a prominent climate skeptic, this suggests that the report's support for the concept of human-induced climate change is spin rather than substance. "The basic data in the report is quite OK," he said, "but the interpretation that's been given is different from what the data says."No Inconsistency Measuring tropospheric temperatures is far from a simple business. Satellites sense the "average" temperature of the air between themselves and the Earth, largely blind to what is happening at different altitudes. To compound matters, instruments on board satellites degrade over time, orbits subtly drift and calibration (校准) between different satellites may be poor. Weather balloons (or radiosondes) take real-time measurements as they ascend, but scientists can never assess instruments afierwards; they are "fire-and-forget" equipment. Correcting for all these potential sources of error is a sensitive and time-consuming process. The report makes clear recommendations for the kind of infrastructure needed to produce higher-quality data and resolve remaining uncertainties. Key recommendations include: · establishing reference sites for radiosonde measurements which would increase consistency between datasets; · making sure the operating periods of satellites overlap so instruments can be cross-calibrated; · observing factors such as wind, clouds, and humidity in the troposphere to make sure they are consistent with temperature data. Such observations could produce an unambiguous picture of tropospheric warming, removing discrepancies over the scientific picture and providing hatter data which can be used to improve computer models.

填空题The lecturer is a person with great promise and who should be encouraged . A. with B. promise C. who D. be encouraged

填空题Think about the geographic, ethnic, racial, and religious diversity of the students as a means of ______..

填空题When someone gets near, an armadillo will go down its retreat, and then it is very difficult to ______.

填空题We waited and waited, and finally ______(我们等的公共汽车来了).