单选题'My job is killing me.' Who among us hasn't issued that complaint at least once? Now a new study suggests that your dramatic complaint may 26 some scientific truth. The 20-year study, by researchers at Tel Aviv University, 27 to examine the relationship between the workplace and a person's risk of death. Researchers recruited 820 adults who had undergone a 28 physical exam at a health clinic in 1988, and then interviewed them in detail about their workplace conditions—asking how nice their colleagues were, whether their boss was supportive and how much 29 they had in their position. The participants ranged in age from 25 to 65 at the start of the study and worked in a variety of 30 , including finance, health care, manufacturing and insurance. The researchers tracked the participants through their medical records., by the study's conclusion in 2008, 53 people had died—and they were 31 more likely than those who survived to report having a hostile work environment. People who reported having little or no 32 support from their co-workers were 2.4 times more likely to die during the course of the study than those who said they had close, supportive bonds with their workmates. Interestingly, the risk of death was 33 only to people's perceptions of their co-workers, not their bosses. People who reported negative relationships with their supervisors were no more likely to die than others. The study was observational, so it could not determine whether toxic workplace environments caused death, only that it was 34 with the risk. But the findings add to the evidence that having a supportive social network decreases stress and helps 35 good health. On the other hand, being exposed to chronic stress contributes to depression, ill health and death. A. autonomy B. correlated C. districts D. domestic E. fields F. foster G. hold H. involved I. propel J. routine K. significantly L. social M. sought N. tied O. vigorously

单选题 人民币升值会增加人民币的购买力，扩大国内消费者对进口产品的需求，还可以减轻进口能源和原料的成本负担。

单选题Buy land, advised Mark Twain; they're not making it any more. In fact, land is not really scarce: the entire population of America could fit into Texas with more than an acre for each household to enjoy. What drives prices upward is a 24 between rude demand and limited supply in the great metropolises (大城市) like London, Mumbai and New York. In the past ten years 25 property in Mayfair, in central London, can go for as much as ￡55,000 ($82,000) per square meter. A square mile of Manhattan residential property costs $16.5 billion. Even in these great cities the scarcity is 26 . Regulatory limits on the height and density of buildings 27 supply and blow up prices. A recent analysis by academics at the London School of Economics 28 that land-use regulations in the West End of London blow up the price office space by about 800%; in Milan and Paris the rules push up prices by around 300%. Most of the enormous value captured by 29 exists because it is well-nigh impossible to build new offices to compete those 30 away. The costs of this misfiring (哑火的) 31 market are huge, mainly because of their effects on individuals. High housing prices force workers towards cheaper but less productive places. According to one study, 32 in the Bay Area around San Francisco would be about five times larger than it is but for fight limits on 33 . Add up these costs in lost earnings and unrealised human potential, and the figures become dizzying. A. artificial B. collision C. constrain D. construction E. contain F. credits G. description H. employment I. estimates J. govern K. inevitable L. landowners M. profits N. property O. residential

单选题 吃年夜饭是春节期间家家户户最热闹的时刻。除夕夜，丰盛的年夜菜摆满一大桌，一家人团聚在一起，围坐桌旁，欢声笑语，共享美餐。年夜饭可谓一年里最为丰盛的一顿大餐，为准备年夜饭，人们往往要提前忙上好几天，配备各种各样的食材。年夜饭上的菜肴各式各样，五花八门。一些地方一般少不了两样东西：一是火锅，二是鱼。火锅沸煮，热气腾腾，说明红红火火；“鱼”和“余”谐音，象征“吉庆有余”，也喻示“年年有余”。

单选题Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high-fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to dental hygiene(卫生). One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of 29 teeth and diseased gums; another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth, charts, and graphs. Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater 30 to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did. But were these reactions actually 31 into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question, subjects were called back to the laboratory on two 32 (five days and six weeks after the experiment). They chewed disclosing wafers(牙疾诊断片)that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct 33 of how well they were really taking care of their teeth. The result showed that the high-fear appeal did actually result in greater and more 34 changes in dental hygiene. That is, the subjects 35 to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more 36 than did those who saw low-fear warnings. However, to be an effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given 37 guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear. If this isn't done, they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the 38 of the communicator. If that happens. it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur. A．accustomed B．carefully C．cautiously D．concrete E．credibility F．decayed G．desire I．dimensions I．eligible J．exposed K．indication L．occasions M．permanent N．sensitivity O．translated

单选题 泰山 泰山位列五岳之首，地处山东省的中部，位于济南、长清、肥城、泰安之间，东西长约200公里，南北宽约50公里。其主峰为玉皇顶，位于泰安市北面，海拔1545米。泰山雄伟壮观、峻拔突兀(precipitous)，有着许多独特的自然奇观及人文景观。登临泰山需走九曲十八盘的(zigzag and tortuous)路程，沿途可尽情饱览绚丽的风光。登上日观峰，举目远眺，无限风光，摄人心魄。泰山历来是画家和诗人的钟爱的聚集地，泰山的日出与日落更是闻名遐迩。

单选题 周庄 周庄是极少数可供人们体验典型的中国水乡(water town)生活的地方之一。这座毗邻苏州的江苏小镇有“东方威尼斯”之美誉，古建筑保存良好，河网密布(crisscross)，风景如画，常年游客不断。这美丽的风景中最引人注目的当属桥，有的是石桥，有的是木桥，形状各异，大小不一。建于明朝的双桥被视为该镇的标志，是游客不可错过的风景。它的一个桥拱(arch)呈圆形，而另一个呈长方形，样子很像古代的钥匙。所以当地人也将它称为“钥匙桥”。

单选题 中国水运发展的历史源远流长。中国拥有众多河流，较长的海岸线，提供了优越的水上运输条件。早在商朝的时候帆船就出现了。春秋战国(the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring states Period)时期，水上运输已经十分频繁。隋朝大运河(the Grand canal)纵贯南北，长达1700多公里，为南北水运提供了很大的便利。宋代将指南针用于航海，这是我国古代航海技术上一项重大发明。明朝，郑和七次下西洋，访问了30多个国家。在其中一次航行中，他到达了非洲东海岸。中国水运史对中华文明的形成和发展起到了巨大的作用。

单选题 It's well established that smoking cigarettes, especially large quantities of them, is bad for your health. But a new study shows the risk exists even with a minimal amount of smoking. Just one cigarette a day can increase the likelihood of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. Researchers from University College London found that having a single cigarette each day raises the risk of coronary heart disease or stroke. 'No safe level of smoking exists for cardiovascular disease,' the authors conclude in their paper published Wednesday in BMJ. The team analyzed 141 previously published studies conducted between 1946 and 2015, which included data from millions of men and women. They specifically looked at the cardiovascular effects of people who smoked one, five or twenty cigarettes per day compared to those who had never smoked. When adjusting for confounding factors, such as age and blood pressure, they found that men who smoked one cigarette per day had a 74-percent higher risk of heart disease than non-smokers and a 30-percent higher risk of stroke. Among women, the risk of heart disease among one-per-day smokers was increased by 119 percent and the risk of stroke by 46 percent compared to non-smokers. 'There's a misconception by many smokers that if you cut down you will reduce harm,' Allan Hackshaw, a study co-author and epidemiology professor at University College London, told Newsweek. 'This seems to be true for lung cancer, but people aren't aware that only a little bit of tobacco smoke has a big effect on the cardiovascular system.' Although light smoking can negatively affect your health, cutting down is still helpful. 'I think a lot of people who work in the tobacco and the health industry right now forget how difficult it is to quit,' Hackshaw said. 'Going cold turkey is hard.' Hackshaw suggests finding an appropriate cessation (中止) method to help cut back. But he also emphasizes that the end goal should be to quit. One in every three deaths from cardiovascular disease is caused by smoking, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Understanding the role of minimal smoking in this risk could help reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Hackshaw and his colleagues hope their findings will be used to 'strengthen public health campaigns (including those on smoking cessation services) and to provide a strong health incentive for smokers to quit (particularly women), rather than cut down,' they wrote in their paper.

单选题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On Cultural Diversity by commenting on the saying 'It takes all sorts to make a world.' You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.