单选题 What makes us the way we are

单选题 One of his eyes was injured in an accident

单选题. The use of deferential (净重的) language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she "treads softly (谨言慎行) in the world" elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form. Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic (语言的) ideal. They are using fewer of the very deferential "women's" forms, and even using the few strong forms that are known as "men's". This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of women's language. Indeed, we didn't hear about "men's language" until people began to respond to girls' appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys and men. There is considerable sentiment about the "corruption" of women's language—which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and morality—and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are regularly carried out by the media. Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to "grow into"—after all, it is a sign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of one's social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house or imitating older women—in a fashion analogous to little girls' use of a high-pitched voice to do "teacher talk" or "mother talk" in role play. The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change—of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a sign of the "masculization" of girls. In some instances, it may be a sign that gifts are making the same claim to authority as boys and men, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be "masculine". Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools and out. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new subcultural forms. Thus what may, to an older speaker, seem like "masculine" speech may seem to an adolescent like "liberated" or 'hip" speech.1. The first paragraph describes in detail ______.

单选题Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.Depression is a serious condition that_____1___ around 16 million U.S.adults.The condition is more common in women, but new research suggests that

单选题. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.

单选题Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.More than half of American adults____1____vitamin pills.Data from the National Health and Nutri-tion Examination Survey NHANES____2____a trend away

单选题. There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation's schools singled out those in the smugly (自鸣得意的) green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country. The city's public high school, as well as a number of daycare centres, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experiments breathing in a laboratory's worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day. This is a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus. Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighbourhood activists (活跃分子) and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children's health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own experts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Is there truly a threat here, we asked one another as we dropped off our kids, and if so, how great is it? And how does it compare with the other, seemingly perpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in synthetic athletic fields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today's parents perceive risk, how we try to keep our kids safe—whether it's possible to keep them safe—in what feels like an increasingly threatening world. It raises the question of what, in our time, "safe" could even mean. "There's no way around the uncertainty," says Kimberly Thompson, president of Kid Risk, a non-profit group that studies children's health. "That means your choices can matter, but it also means you aren't going to know if they do." A 2004 report in the journal Paediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well, obviously. But such concrete hazards are beside the point. It's the dangers parents can't—and may never—quantify that occur all of sudden. That's why I've rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer-causing substance, but although I've lived blocks from a major fault line (地质断层) for more than 12 years, I still haven't bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.1. What does a recent investigation by USA Today reveal?

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单选题Growing Price Tag for College ShutdownsAA string ofrecent for-profit college closures has led to tens ofmillions of dollars in student loan cancellation, creating new costs for the federal govemment o

单选题. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.4.

单选题. For most people a trip across European continent is a chance to see the sights and try the continent's cuisine. Unless, like Baptiste Dubanchet, they've got their head buried in a trash can. The Frenchman, who celebrates his 26th birthday this month, has spent the last 10 weeks eating only discarded food—from France to Poland on a mission to highlight the issue of food waste. "I didn't really believe I would succeed," Dubanchet said, "I thought I would probably starve for four or five days and then I would have to buy something." Instead, Dubanchet was surprised at the abundance of discarded produce he was able to collect from supermarkets, bakeries and restaurants. He was easily able to fuel himself on his epic journey through Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany and the Czech Republic. Along the way, the former fast food worker has learned valuable lessons about the trash habits of the different European nations he visited. "I'm trying to protest against the huge waste of food. It's completely absurd and pointless," says Dubanchet, who planned his trip to coincide with the European Union's declared "Year Against Food Waste". Sticking to a strict rule of only eating food that had been thrown out or was destined for the trash, Dubanchet asked the permission of supermarket and restaurant staff before going through their refuse. Occasionally he climbed fences to access dumpsters. People in some countries were more understanding than others, he says. "In the Czech Republic, it was quite difficult," he says. "People didn't really understand what the project was—they thought I was homeless, they didn't really understand the foreigner who asked for food from the trash and all the supermarkets had it quite well locked up. I went for days eating mainly just bread." Germany, he says, was the easiest country for dumpster diving, not because there was more food waste, but because people were more receptive to his mission. "I think all the countries' waste is about the same. The supermarkets in all countries work in a similar way: the fruit and vegetables must look perfect and the ones that don't go in the trash." In Germany, a lot of people were supportive of the project—sometimes at supermarkets, my request would be asked of the boss and the boss would say no. But then a guy would come back and say, "I'm really sorry my boss says no, but wait, my boss is a jerk, so come back later and I will get you something." Dubanchet says he hopes in the future to work with supermarkets and restaurants to find ways of reducing waste.1. Why Dubanchet eat food from the trash?

单选题 The air quality in the city

单选题. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.

单选题《复合题被拆开情况》 Why does social media trigger feelings of loneliness and inadequacy? Because instead of being real life, it is, for the most part, impression management, a way of marketing yourself, carefu

单选题. Birds that are literally half asleep—with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping—control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks. Earlier studies have documented half brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once. Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end-of-the-row sleepers. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction. Also, birds dozing at the end of the line resorted to single hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four duck row, the researchers found outer birds half asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots. "We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain," the researchers say. The results provide the best evidence for a long standing supposition that single hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds dozing side by side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open. Useful as half sleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such water mammals (哺乳动物) as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning. Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds' half brain sleep "is just the tip of the iceberg (冰山)." He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.1. A new study" on birds' sleep has revealed that ______.

单选题Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.Erupting in September 2008, the global financial crisis has___1_____for a decade.After the crisis,the worldwide trend of surplus production capacit

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单选题4. America has now adopted more ______ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.