Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don't always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don't mean anything except "I'm letting off some steam. I don't really want you to pay close attention to what I'm saying. Just pay attention to what I'm feeling. "Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, "This step has to be fixed before I'll buy." The owner says, "It's been like that for years." Actually, the step hasn't been like that for years, but the unspoken message is; "I don't want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can't you?" The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situations, and how it was said. When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend's unusually docile(温顺的) behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says "No!" to a serials of charges like "You're dumb. " , "You're lazy. " and "You're dishonest. " may also say "No!" and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is " And you're good looking. " We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words "It sure has been nice to have you over." can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.

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Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTakingActionIsMoreImportantthanDaydreaming.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

Millions of school-leavers in the rich world are about to bid a tearful goodbye to their parents and start a new life at university. Some are inspired by a pure love of learning. But most also believe that spending three or four years at university—although accumulating huge debts in the process—will boost their chances of landing a well-paid and secure job. Their elders have always told them that education is the best way to equip themselves to thrive in a globalized world. Blue-collar workers will see their jobs offshored and automated, the familiar argument goes. School dropouts will have to cope with a life of cash-strapped insecurity. But the graduate elite will have the world at its feet. There is some evidence to support this view. A recent study from Georgetown University's Centre on Education and the Workforce argues that "obtaining a post-secondary credential(证书)is almost always worth it. " Educational qualifications are tightly correlated with earnings: an American with a professional degree can expect to pocket $ 3.6 million over a lifetime: one with merely a high-school diploma can expect only $1.3 million. The gap between more- and less-educated earners may be widening. A study in 2002 found that someone with a bachelor's degree could expect to earn 75% more over a lifetime than someone with only a high-school diploma. Today the premium is even higher. But is the past a reliable guide to the future? Or are we at the beginning of a new stage in the relationship between jobs and education? There are good reasons for thinking that old patterns are about to change—and that the current recession-driven downturn in the demand for Western graduates will evolve into something structural. The gale(一阵)of creative destruction that has shaken so many blue-collar workers over the past few decades is beginning to shake the cognitive(认知的)elite as well. The supply of university graduates is increasing rapidly. The Chronicle of Higher Education calculates that between 1990 and 2007 the number of students going to university increased by 22% in North America, 74% in Europe, 144% in Latin America and 203% in Asia. In 2007, 150 million people attended university around the world, including 70 million in Asia. Emerging economies are pouring resources into building universities that can compete with the elite of America and Europe. They are also producing professional-services firms such as Tata Consulting Services and Infosys that take fresh graduates and turn them into world-class computer programmers and consultants. The best and the brightest of the rich world must increasingly compete with the best and the brightest from poorer countries that are willing to work harder for less money.

中国以其人口密集、疆域辽阔而著称。作为一个多民族国家。中国共有56个民族，总人口约14亿人。汉族是中华民族的主体民族，约占全国人口的92％，主要分布在东部和中部。而其他少数民族居住相对分散，主要分布在中国的西南、西北和东北部地区。每个少数民族都有与众不同的特点、悠久的传统文化和独特的风俗习惯。中国政府长久以来一直提倡和发展平等、团结的民族关系，强调各民族共同发展、共同繁荣。

《 三字经 》(Three Character Primer)是中国古代的儿童识字课本，也是中国传统的儿童 启蒙 (enlightenment)读物。在传统教育中。小孩子们都是通过背诵《三字经》来识字和学习道理的。《三字经》共1000多字，三字一句(three-character verse)，便于记忆。它的表达生动简洁，内容广泛，包括传统的教育、历史、天文、地理、道德以及一些 民间传说 (folklore)等。《三字经》至今依然有着很强的 生命力 (vitality)，大多数人在童年时都有背诵《三字经》的经历。它深远而持久地影响着每个中国人，是中国古代文明的宝贵 遗产 (legacy)。

People who spend a lot of time surfing the Internet are more likely to show signs of depression, British scientists said on Wednesday. But it is not clear whether the Internet causes depression or whether depressed people are【C1】 1to it. Psychologists from Leeds University found what they said was "striking" evidence that some net users develop【C2】 2Internet habits in which they replace real life social interaction with online chat rooms and social networking sites. "This study【C3】 3the public speculation that over-engaging in websites that serve to replace normal social function might be linked to psychological disorders like depression and addiction," the study's lead author, Catriona Morrison, wrote in the journal Psychopathology. "This type of addictive surfing can【C4】 4impact the mental health." In the first large-scale study of Western young people to look at this【C5】 5, the researchers analyzed Internet use and depression levels of 1,319 Britons aged between 16 and 51. Of these, 1.2 percent were "Internet addicted", they concluded. These "Internet addicts" spent【C6】 6more time browsing sexually pleasing websites, online gaming sites and online【C7】 7, Morrison said. They also had a higher incidence of moderate to【C8】 8depression than normal users. "Excessive Internet use is【C9】 9with depression, but what we don't know is which comes first— are depressed people drawn to the Internet or does the Internet cause depression?" Morrison said. "What is clear is that for a small set of people, excessive use of the Internet could be a warning【C10】 10for depressive tendencies. " A)associated B)gravely C)quantitatively D)reinforces E)signal F)dividends G)drawn H)issue I)evaluates J)communities K)severe L)sunk M)proportionately N)reckless O)compulsive 【C1】

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Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an【B1】______means of communication among speakers of different languages. It【B2】______Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof, a Polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases. Esperanto was first presented in 1887. An international movement was【B3】______to promote its use. Despite arguments and disagreements, the movement has【B4】______flourish and has members in more than 80 countries. Esperanto is used internationally across language boundaries by at least 1 million people, particularly in specialized fields. It is used in personal【B5】______, on radio broadcasts and in a number of 【B6】______as well as in translations of both modern works and classics. Its popularity has spread from Europe, both East and West, to such countries as Brazil and Japan. It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest【B7】______. It is taught in universities and used in many translations (often in scientific or technological works). El Popola Cinio, which means from People's China, is a monthly magazine in Esperanto and is read【B8】______. Radio Beijing's Esperanto program is the most popular program in Esperanto in the world. Esperanto's vocabulary is drawn【B9】______from Latin, the Romance languages, English and German Spelling is completely regular A simple and consistent set of endings indicates grammatical functions of words. Thus, for example, every noun ends in "o", every adjective in "a", and the basic form of every verb in "i". Esperanto also has a highly【B10】______system of constructing new words from old ones.

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Self-confidence. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

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BSection C/B

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中国经济的飞速发展使中国的国际地位和影响力得到了提升。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Wang Li. Write a letter to Jin Bian Attorney-at-law to apply for a position of legal secretary. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below. 1．申请法律秘书职务。 2．说明自己的专业。 3．请求面谈。

相声 (crosstalk)是中国传统的 喜剧 (comedic)表演形式。开始于明清时期，盛行于当代。一般由两名表演者完成，主要以说笑话或幽默的对话来引观众发笑。相声强调说、学、逗、唱这四项技能，语言一般富于 双关和影射 (pun and illusion)”。相声是中国最受欢迎的表演艺术之一。主要用北京话讲，流行于中国北方。相声以其精湛的内容和独特的艺术形式，成为一种优秀的民族艺术。但进入新世纪以来，相声的影响力逐渐减弱。它的主流地位逐渐被其他的表演形式所取代。

啃老族 (NEET group)是指那些既没有上学、也没有就业或接受职业培训的年轻人，年龄在20岁至30岁之间。他们主动放弃了就业的机会，赋闲在家，而原因并不是找不到工作。他们的日常生活依靠父母，而且花销往往不菲。啃老族的出现多半是因为父母过于溺爱。调查显示，在中国的城市里，目前约有七成无业青年靠父母养活。如今这一现象已经成为全国性的社会问题，带来了很多麻烦，并严重影响社会的和谐与稳定。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Adaptation Should Not Go Too Far from the Classics. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 主要内容如下： 1．近年来，许多经典名著被胡乱改编。 2．出现这种现象的原因是…… 3．为改变这一状况，我认为……