单选题Roger Rosenblatt's book Black Fiction, in attempting to apply literary rather than sociopolitical criteria to its subject, successfully alters the approach taken by most previous studies. As Rosenblatt notes, criticism of Black writing has often served as an excuse for expounding on Black history. Addison Gayle's recent work, for example, judges the value of Black fiction by overtly political standards, faring each work according to the notions of Black identity which it put forward. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances, its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological, and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology limits much of the fictional enterprise. Rosenblatt's literary analysis discloses relations and connotations among works of Black fiction which solely political studies have overlooked or ignored. Writing acceptable criticism of Black fiction, however, presupposes giving satisfactory answers to a number of questions. First of all, is there a sufficient reason, other than the racial identity of the authors, to group together works by Black authors? Second, how does Black fiction make itself distinct from other modem fiction with which it is largely contemporaneous? Rosenblatt's idea shows that Black fiction constitutes a distinct body of writing that has an identifiable, coherent literary tradition. Looking at novels written by Blacks over the last eighty years, he discovers recurring concerns and designs independent of chronology. These structures are thematic, and they spring, not surprisingly, from the central fact that the Black characters in these novels exist in a predominantly White culture, whether they try to conform to that culture or rebel against it. Black Fiction does leave some aesthetic questions open. Rosenblatt's thematic analysis permits considerable objectivity; he even states that it is not his intention to judge the merit of the various works--yet his reluctance seems misplaced, especially since an attempt to appraise might have led to interesting results. For instance, some of the novels appear to be structurally diffused. Is this a defect, or are the authors working out of, or trying to create, a different kind of aesthetic? In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer's Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the popular theme that describes the fate against which Black heroes are struggling, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression? In spite of such omissions, what Rosenblatt does include in his discussion makes for a keen and worthwhile study. Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels, bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. Its argument is tightly constructed, and its forthright, clear style exemplifies levelheaded and penetrating criticism.

单选题The percentage of students who expect college education is higher now than that in the early 1980s by approximately

单选题It was reported that only one passenger was fortunate to escape ______ in the plane crash. A. killing B. to be killed C. being killed D. having killed

单选题Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests. One country received its second place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final, There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents' victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said: "This wasn't hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished." The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years. The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals. Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in nonnational teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.

单选题{{I}}Questions 14 to 16 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.{{/I}}

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单选题According to Dr. Cerise, patients with psychological problems should ______.

单选题Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because ______.

单选题Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.

单选题It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that ______ into hard currency.

单选题Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.

单选题{{I}} In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.{{/I}} {{I}} Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.{{/I}}

单选题Martin from time to time offered remarks ______ the effect that he was a wonderful scientist and that he had a good command of psychology.[A] to[B] in[C] with[D] for

单选题What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? In one 21 there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it. 22 two speakers speak in exactly the same 23 , we can always hear differences 24 them, and the pronunciation of English 25 a great deal in different geographical 26 . How do we decide what sort of English to use as a 27 ? This is not a question that can be 28 in the same way for all foreign learners of English. 29 you live in a part of the world, 30 India or West Africa, where there is a long 31 of speaking English for general communication purposes, you should 32 to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area. It would be a 33 in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or 34 of the sort. On the other hand, if you live in a country 35 there is no traditional use of English, you must take 36 your model some form of 37 English pronunciation. It does not 38 very much which form you choose. The most 39 way is to take as your model the sort of English you can 40 most often.