Smoking is so harmful to health that it kills ______ each year than automobile accidents.

In "The little girl is left alone in the house, weeping bitterly" the italicized part is the ______ of the sentence.

The financial problem as well as other issues ______ going to be discussed when the congress is in session again next spring.

Benjamin was sweating bullets by the time the police had finished questioning him. The underlined part means ______.

Diana's house was crowded with happy people whose ______ outbursts of song were accompanied by lively music.

Due to low investment, industrial output has remained ______.

You will now read a short passage and then listen to a talk on the same academic topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the question, you will have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Fighter BrandThe term "fighter brand" refers to a marketing strategy typically employed by large companies. A fighter brand is a lower-priced article designed to undersell the firm's competitors. The strategy is generally used when the competitor is already underselling the company's main brand. Since the company is in danger of losing market shares, the fighter brand is designed to win back the loss in sales (albeit with a lower-profit product.) In the best-case outcome, the company not only retains market shares but also opens up a previously untapped lower-income market.Now hear a talk on the same subject.Question: Using information from the reading and the lecture, explain how the lecture is related to the reading passage. You will now read a short passage and then listen to a talk on the same academic topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the question, you will have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Fighter BrandThe term "fighter brand" refers to a marketing strategy typically employed by large companies. A fighter brand is a lower-priced article designed to undersell the firm's competitors. The strategy is generally used when the competitor is already underselling the company's main brand. Since the company is in danger of losing market shares, the fighter brand is designed to win back the loss in sales (albeit with a lower-profit product.) In the best-case outcome, the company not only retains market shares but also opens up a previously untapped lower-income market.Now hear a talk on the same subject.Question: Using information from the reading and the lecture, explain how the lecture is related to the reading passage.

There are as good fish in the sea______ever came out of it.

Read carefully the following excerpt on garbage classification and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should: summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then comment on whether the network catchwords exert a positive or bad influence on Chinese language. You should support yourself with information from the excerpt. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Chinese Network Catchwords A survey by China Youth Daily shows that more than 64 percent of people think that network catchwords are adversely affecting the Chinese language. Wu Tong, a college student, tends to use network catchwords either when chatting with others or when writing on the Internet. She thinks these words are simple and much easier to understand. However, some people believe it's disrespectful to communicate with network catchwords. One of Wu's peers who does not want to be named feels uncomfortable using such words in conversations. However, Zhang Huaiqiong, a member of Shanghai Political Consultative Committee, points out that some network catchwords are crude or vulgar, which in his opinion, poses great threat to Chinese language. "I'm rather disgusted with people using crude or vulgar language online. But we should get it right first whether a network catchword is crude and vulgar or not," Li Mingsheng, writer and vice president of the Chinese Reportage Association, says. Li believes that Chinese needs to be purified, but not by administrative means. Chen Manhua, professor at the School of Literature at Renmin University of China, says that much work remains to be done towards the end of improving the development of the Chinese language. For example, experts can be organized to collect network catchwords on a large scale and give detailed explanations and descriptions of them. They say that this will help enrich the Chinese language and allow people to keep pace with its development.

You shouldn't ______ your father's advice. Anyway he is much more experienced than you in this matter.

For shopaholics, the post-【T1】______ period' means only one thing: sales. Across the country, prices are slash on clothing,【T2】______, home furnishings and more. But London is the place for serious shopping, and you can certainly【T3】______some amazing bargains. The sales start on Boxing Day: 26 December and continue to the month of January. But the keenest bargain hunters get there early to be first through the doors. In Oxford Street, queues formed outside shops【T4】______ predawn openings for the start of their sales. At Brent Cross in north London, more than 1,000 people were queuing at 3:30 a.m. for the next clothing store sale which began at 4 a.m.. Some people even【T5】______ outside the shops to be the first in the line. Some people are taking their friends shopping with them and buying their Christmas presents in the sales: a【T6】______ but unromantic way of【T7】______you get the gift you really want. For a less exciting but less【T8】______shopping experience, online retailers are also【T9】______ the act with January sales of their own. The most【T10】______ of all are those who are already doing their present shopping for next Christmas in the January sales.

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Have you got all the _______for a fruit salad?

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A. limited B. distinguish C. unlike D. particular E. triggerF. inefficient G. create H. emergency I. incompetent J. detectingK. aware L. messages M. unusual N. surfaces O. confined The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, but this is largely because,【C1】______ animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are【C2】______to perceiving those smells which float through the air, missing the majority of smells which stick to【C3】______. In fact, though, we are extremely sensitive to smells, even if we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of【C4】______human smells even when these are diluted to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, whereas others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate【C5】______smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send【C6】______to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it【C7】______to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can【C8】______new receptors if necessary. This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells-we simply do not need to be. We are not【C9】______of the usual smell of our own house, but we notice new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors available for unfamiliar and【C10】______ signals such as the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.

—Do you know Jim has broken up with his wife? —I don't know, ______.

His mother retired early on account of poor health. The underlined part means______. (2014-76)

{{B}}PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.{{/B}}

(l)Just when Transport for London (TfL) thought the bike hire scheme provided an answer to London's carbon emissions problem, they found a snag—bikes cannot be provided without producing emissions. (2)TfL uses Serco contractors to move hire bicycles around London, so there are enough in each dock to meet demand, while ensuring there is space for users to drop theirs off. Included in the fleet of vehicles are Alke electricity-powered cars, used to tow trailers of bikes. (3)The vehicles are narrower than the trailers of bikes, which critics say has led to accidents involving cyclists. A Freedom of Information request by the bike blog reveals that 24 road accidents have involved Serco transport vehicles since the scheme's launch last summer, including four which also involved a cyclist (4)In November, David Ellis, a 37-year-old cyclist was knocked off his bike by one of the vehicles. He said the trailers were a danger to cyclists because their width is greater than that of the tow truck. None of the recorded Serco/cyclist collisions were fatal. Compare this with 13 cyclist deaths caused by HGVs in London last year. (5)The vehicles used by Serco produce on average 1884g/km C02 a day in transporting the 862 bikes they're capable of moving daily, meaning around 431kg C02 has been emitted so far. (6)But what level of emissions has been prevented by the scheme? Not much so far, it seems. One of TfL's aims was to reduce overcrowding on the bus and tube networks, not to remove buses from the road, and there is no indication that the number of buses being used has dropped as a result of the scheme. (7)In a survey of bike scheme users it was found that 35% are tube converts, 29% used to walk and 23% have switched from bus rides. That leaves only a possible 13% who previously drove around the capital. TfL's target of 50,000 people a day using hire bikes should widen the gap between emissions caused by Serco vehicles and emissions abated (减少) by the onset of the scheme. (8)There are 5,000 bikes available, which at times have struggled to cope with the 94,500 bike hire members. For the 50,000 mark to be reached by March Serco will need a more organised pattern of distribution, to limit the number of their vehicles on the road. (9)The scheme's users have a role to play. If London's cyclists want to keep their journey down to within 30 minutes so as to pay just ￡1 (which they do, TfL research has found) there will always be too many people trying to jam their two-wheeler into the busiest; docks. But if attitudes changed and people became more flexible about paying slightly more, or walking a bit further to complete their journey, there would be less congestion around the hubs and, by default, fewer Serco vans would be needed to shift them from one to another. And that would mean fewer accidents and emissions too.

{{B}}PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION{{/B}}