单选题 Questions 27 to 29 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.

单选题How could Hitler's vast operation of highly-organized mass murder, which was not ______ to Jews, come about?

单选题What makes people shun the relative security of full-time employment and start up a business themselves? The European Union wants to know, because with entrepreneurship come job creation and growth. For the past five years, the Union's head office has financed an annual poll of more than 21,000 people on both sides of the Atlantic. The most recent of these studies, released this week, shows that despite efforts to make the Union more competitive, the majority of its citizens remain consistently less entrepreneurial and more risk-averse than their American counterparts. That's not necessarily true of all Europeans: The word entrepreneur may be French, but the poll found that people from smaller countries like Portugal, Greece, Ireland and Latvia were much more enthusiastic about working for themselves. But putting regional variations aside, the bottom line for Europe was that fewer European respondents said they would choose self-employment—45 percent said it was their preference—than their American counterparts, at 61 percent. And the most striking part of the survey was the Europeans' explanations of their responses. It has long been assumed here that red tape is holding back Europe's entrepreneurial spirit. With shorter waiting times to register companies and easier procedures for hiring, the argument goes, new European businesses would sprout like tulips in a Dutch greenhouse. The survey told a different story. Europeans essentially said they couldn't be bothered with the effort involved in starting a business: They wanted a regular, fixed income and a stable job. The upshot of this for Europe is that even if governments managed to cut red tape, their citizens might still prefer to have a comfortable job working for someone else. Only 5 percent of Europeans said fear of red tape or reluctance to battle bureaucracies was holding them back. A corollary to this is the fear of failure in Europe. Half of all European respondents agreed with the statement, "One should not start a business if there is a risk it might fail. "Only one-third of Americans agreed. There were an estimated 20.5 million people working in start-up companies in the United States in 2003, the latest year for which data were available, according to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, a London-based research organization. This is 23 times the number of those working at startups in France—far greater than the population differences between the two countries. The US number was also 9 times the number of those in Britain and more than 7 times that of Germany. If Europe can successfully diminish the stigma of failure, more people would be willing to start their own businesses. "There is a completely different attitude toward risk," said Zourek of the European Commission, comparing Europe with the United States. In Europe," once you try a venture and you don't succeed, you don't get a second chance, but you get a stigma," he said. The European Union, he said, should make bankruptcy procedures less burdensome and make getting credit easier for risk-takers, even those who have failed before. In this survey,55 percent of Europeans aged 15 to 24 said that it would be "desirable" for them to become self-employed in the next five years. Among those 55 and older, only 18 percent said the same. Young Europeans could be the motor of entrepreneurship. But with European countries having some of the lowest birth rates in the developed world, who will take their place?

单选题{{I}} Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.{{/I}}

单选题In the improvement of communication, which is NOT mentioned as one of the most important inventions of the 20th century?

单选题In September, 2001, Obama was an obscure state senator from Hyde Park. He had just lost badly in an attempt to win away a congressional seat from the former Black Panther and local favorite Bobby Rush. In the wake of that humbling, Michelle Obama was hoping that her husband would quit politics once and for all, and Obama was thinking about it. On September 19, 2001, little more than a week after the attacks on the Pentagon and the World Trade towers, Obama's local paper, the Hyde Park Herald, published a series of reactions to the events from the two U. S. senators from Illinois, Richard Durbin and Peter Fitzgerald; Bobby Rush; and minor local pols like Obama. In his brief article for the Herald, Obama started out by writing some routine lines about renewing security standards at airports, strengthening intelligence networks, and "dismantling" the networks of those who carried out "these heinous attacks". Ordinary stuff. But he also talked about "the more difficult task of understanding the sources of such madness". "The essence of this tragedy, it seems to me, derives from a fundamental absence of empathy on the part of the attackers: an inability to imagine, or connect with, the humanity and suffering of others," he wrote. "Such a failure of empathy, such numbness to the pain of a child or the desperation of a parent, is not innate; nor, history tells us, is it unique to a particular culture, religion, or ethnicity... " "We will have to make sure, despite our rage, that any U.S. military action takes into account the lives of innocent civilians abroad," he went on. "We will have to be unwavering in opposing bigotry or discrimination directed against neighbors and friends of Middle Eastern descent. Finally, we will have to devote far more attention to the monumental task of raising the hopes of embittered children across the globe—children not just in the Middle East, but also in Africa, Asia, Latin American, Eastern Europe, and within our own shores. " It was precisely that kind of talk that was branded as " soft" in the wake of 9·11 and throughout the Bush years, straight through the 2008 election campaign. It was precisely that sort of attempt to talk not merely in the register of prosecution and military aggression, but also of understanding root causes, whether at an anti-Iraq war rally in Chicago or at a Presidential speech in Cairo, that left so many wondering if Barack Obama would have the strength to "go after" Osama bin Laden. Now there is an answer. There is no getting around the fact that Osama bin Laden—a murderer of the most vicious sort succeeded on his own terms in so many ways. He was the inspiration not only for the most catastrophic attack on American shores since the Second World War, as well as many other bloody attacks around the world; he also managed in his ugly lifetime to distort, confuse, and undermine the course of political history all over the world, not least in the United States. The day of Osama's death is a great relief, a moment of real justice. It is no less joyful to know that at the root of the "Arab Spring" is a yearning to end tyranny, not to bring it on in its most fundamentalist forms. But the work of conquering bin Ladenism does not end with the work of killing bin Laden. The fight against obscurantism and terror remains infinitely complex and demands, among other things, political leadership that acknowledges the importance of mind and heart, as well as muscle.

单选题 {{I}}Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.{{/I}}

单选题What does the agreement require Vietnam to do?

单选题Two years ago this month, Doubleday published a historical thriller with an announced first printing of 85,000 and high hopes that a little-known writer named Dan Brown would catch on with the general public. "We surely expected to have a huge success, but I don"t think anyone dreamed it would become a historic publication," says Stephen Rubin, president and publisher of the Doubleday Broadway Publishing Group. If the Harry Potter books stand as the essential popular read for young people, then The Da Vinci Code has captured the crown for grown-ups. A word-of-mouth sensation from the moment it came out, Brown"s controversial mix of storytelling and speculation remains high on best-seller lists even as it begins its third year since publication. Twenty-five million books, in 44 languages, are in print worldwide and no end is in sight. Booksellers expect The Da Vinci Code to remain a best-seller well into 2005. A planned film version by Oscar-winning director Ron Howard should bring in even more readers. And at a time when consumers are supposedly minding their budgets, sales for the $24.95 hardcover have been so good that Doubleday still has set no date for a paperback. "It"s been our No. 1 fiction book for two years in a row, and I can"t remember another time that happened," said Bob Wietrak, vice president of merchandising for Barnes & Noble Inc. "People come into our store all the time and ask for it or ask for books that are like it." Thanks to The Da Vinci Code , about the only books that seem able to keep up are Brown"s previous novels. Deception Point , first released in 2001, now has 3.7 million copies in print, according to Simon & Schuster, Brown"s previous publisher. Angels and Demons , published in 2000 and featuring "Da Vinci" protagonist Robert Langdon, has more than 8 million copies in print. The unprecedented success of The Da Vinci Code has been helped by wide access, with the book on sale everywhere from Wal-Mart to airports to supermarkets, often proving more popular than the mass market paperbacks available at the same outlets. The Da Vinci Code has also thrived during a time when both literary and commercial novels struggled, when a tight economy, competition from other media and election-year tensions drove the public to nonfiction works or away from books altogether. Publishers and booksellers say Brown"s novel has worked by combining narrative excitement and provocative—and disputed—historical detail.

单选题

单选题If you can't decide whether to end your relationship with a friend, this conflict belongs to ______.

单选题The old mother felt Worried about the young couple who always couldn't see ______ on problems. A. face to face B. hand in hand C. eye to eye D. heart to heart

单选题Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object? A. I don't mind her being invited. B. Being criticized in class is an insult to me. C. He insisted on being kept waiting outside. D. The problem being discussed is very important.

单选题We advised them to take a rest, but they ______ on finishing the work.[A] suggested[B] continued[C] insisted[D] persisted

单选题What should be blamed for the crash?

单选题Symposium on Visual Languages was held in

单选题The Martian surface temperature is 100 degrees below zero at night, so that butter put outside will not ______.[A] thaw[B] dissolve[C] melt[D] fuse

单选题I arrived at the shop______to find I'd left all my money at home. A. only B. just C. hence D. thus