填空题A. asset B. delayed C. deviates D. equivalent E. identified F. intentions G. object H. overwhelming I. permanently J. prevalent K. simultaneously L. stems M. successively N. underlying O. visualizing Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may have good 1 , their advice to families is misguided, and it 2 from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become 3 confused and thus their language development will be 4 ; this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether 5 or sequentially (依次地). In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an 6 and even a necessity in many areas. It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many educational advantages. Since children from poor families often are 7 as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate. Teachers consider learning two languages to be too 8 for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations. If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is 9 to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the 10 message is that the family"s native language is not important or valued.

填空题Is the {{U}}underlined{{/U}} word a verb, a noun or an adjective? Example: Shall we go for a {{U}}walk{{/U}}? {{U}}noun{{/U}} Shall we {{U}}walk{{/U}} into the town? {{U}}verb{{/U}}

填空题A. maintain B. scenic C. transcend D. source E. estimated F. sake G. complex H. simply I. consolidation J. situated K. respectively L. total M. major N. restrained O. scale England"s highest main-line railway station hangs on to life by a thread: deserted and unmanned since it was officially closed in 1970. Dent, 1 high in the hills of Yorkshire, wakes up on six summer weekends each year, when a special charter train unloads walkers, sightseers and people who 2 want to catch a train from the highest station, on to its platform. But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end. Dent station is situated on the Settle to Carlisle railway line, said to be the most 3 in the country. But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from British Rail"s cash problems. This year, for the 4 of economy, the express trains which used to pass through Dent station have been put on to another route. It is now an open secret that British Rail sees no future for this railway line. Most of its trains disappeared some time ago. Its bridge, built on a grand 5 a century ago, is falling down. It is not alone. Half-a-dozen railway routes in the north of England are facing a similar threat. The problem is a worn-out system and an almost 6 lack of cash to repair it. Bridges and tunnels are showing their age, the wooden supports for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old. On 7 lines between large cities, the problem is not too bad. These lines still make a profit and cash can be found to 8 them. But on the country branch line, the story is different. As track wears out, it is not replaced. Instead speed limits are introduced, making journeys longer than necessary and discouraging customers. If a bridge is dangerous, there is often only one thing for British Rail to do: go out and find money from another 9 . This is exactly what it did a few months ago when a bridge at Bridlington station was threatening to fail down. Repairs were 10 at 200,000—just for one bridge—and British Rail was delighted, and rather surprised, when two local councils offered half that amount between them.

填空题Sign has become a scientific hot 21 . Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to 22 how the brain generates and understands language, and 23 new light on an old scientific 24 : whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has 25 in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D.C., the world"s only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school 26 him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something 27 : among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gesture code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. But Stokoe believed the "hand talk" his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a(n) 28 language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people 29 their signing as "substandard". Stokoe"s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books on ASL—is explaining how he started a 30 . For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. A. controversy B. dig C. dismissed D. genuine E. probe F. revolution G. spot H. roots I. throw J. odd K. real L. considered M. button N. origins O. enrolled

填空题The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists reported on a well-acknowledged periodical yesterday. While elderly people 1 to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a negative effect on their brain"s performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to the research. Scan Drummond, a psychiatrist at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from 2 sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping 3 straight through the night. More sleep in old age, however, is 4 with better health, and most older people would feel better and more 5 if they slept for longer periods instead of the four or five hours per night, he said. "The ability to sleep in one chunk overnight goes down as we 6 but the amount of sleep we need to 7 well does not change," Dr. Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego. "It"s 8 a myth that older people need less sleep. The healthier an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were younger. Our data suggests that older adults would 9 from continuing to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That"s different from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is 10 the same amount as we need at 75." A. alert B. associated C. function D. negative E. age F. definitely G. probably H. intend I. benefit J. efficiently K. tend L. effectively M. broken N. smart O. behave

填空题 extract abstract contract distract distracting incident event suspense shield adapt adopt impose enforce adoption insist persist resist consist persistence persistent break up break out break through break down

填空题 service scope charge maintenance serve maintain accommodate defeat reduce indulge indulgence accommodation audience participant spectator observer participate participation observation determine defensive demanding decisive determination rather than instead of other than in line with

填空题 corruption retain entertain obtain sustain abrupt corrupt erupt interrupt promote procedure promotion prosperity property to excess in excess of exceed excess access concession call forth call for call upon call up

填空题A．positive B．additional C．duration D．efficient E．shed F．physical G．food H．functions I．participated J．rely K．cut L．repeatedly M．uses N．little O．obvious Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 1 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 2 activity. And surprisingly, you don"t have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 3 effects. Your body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 4 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate. Any time you are active, 5 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves. Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 6 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 7 on fat as its fuel. Aerobic exercise is most 8 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 9 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity. Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 10 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.

填空题A．comfort B．retrain C．exotic D．unsold E．efficiently F．efficaciously G．suffer H．imports I．restrain J．expansion K．domestic L．exports M．Over N．About O．resources In the United States, the main argument for protection of domestic industry is that foreign competition costs Americans their jobs. When we buy Japanese cars, U.S. cars go 11 . This leads to a decline in the 12 auto industry. When we buy German steel, steelworkers in the northern part of America lose their jobs. It is true that when we buy goods from foreign producers, domestic producers in the U.S. 13 But there is no reason to believe that the workers thrown out of employment in the contracting sectors will not find jobs in other expanding sectors. Foreign competition in textiles, for example, has thrown thousands of workers out of work in New England. But with the 14 of new industries, the unemployment rate in this area fell to one of the lowest in the country in the mid-1980s. 15 time the United States lost its advantage in textiles to countries with larger unskilled labor 16 , but other new industries have grown up in which the United States does have a greater advantage. Of course, it is very difficult for workers to accept the fact of being jobless. The knowledge that some other industry, perhaps in some other part of the country may be expanding, is of little 17 to the person whose skills become out of date. The social and personal problems brought about by unemployment and out of date skills as a result of foreign competition deserve close attention. These problems can be solved in two ways. We can stop 18 and give up the gains from free trade, claiming that we are willing to pay more to save domestic jobs in industries that can produce more 19 abroad. Or we can aid the victims of free trade in a more effective way, helping to 20 them for jobs with a future.

填空题 considerable considerate numerous conspicuous conspicuously achieve approach attain acquire acquisition eloquent effective emotional emphatic emphasize casual casualty chronic chronological chronologically catch on catch in catch out catch up

填空题Study about Dyslexics 1. Having a learning disorder, dyslexics are ■ unable to 1 words ■ hard to understand what they read 2. Previous findings on Dyslexia ■ dyslexia affects 2 percent of the US population ■ dyslexia makes people write and read in the wrong order 3. A new study finds Dyslexics have ■ trouble switching from seeing to 3 ■ a sluggish 4 of attention across the senses 4. Volunteers in Dr. Harrar"s study ■ 17 dyslexics and 5 normal people ■ push a button in response to sound or light 5. Speed of reactions: dyslexic people vs. normal people ■ same speed when only a picture or a sound ■ slower 6 time when the sound and picture appear at the same time 6. Playing video games can ■ help dyslexic people learn 7 ■ force the eyes to 8 fast ■ train the 9 system 7. When learning the alphabet ■ normal children: letter before sound/at the same time ■ dyslexic children: 10 first

填空题A．Recently B．consumers C．chemicals D．environment E．combine F．transparent G．buy H．companion I．experts J．forms K．bury L．paper M．scholar N．plastic O．Usually A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 1 the two to do something for your local 2 ? It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 3 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower. 4 , a biodegradable mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 5 to recycle. Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 6 and can be hard or soft, and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 7 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 8 nitrates (硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow. Engineers have designed a small 9 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away. "We"ve only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 10 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time," said one scientist.

填空题Tech Tools to Teach You New Words 1. Helpful websites ■ Dictionary.com gives 1 and explains 2 . ■ It has 3 for mobile phones, and can be used, even when you"re not connected to the Internet. ■ Vocabulary.com provides 4 to help learn how to use words in language. You can compete with others online. ■ Learner"s Dictionary has 5 such as Word of the Day and quizzes. ■ Use Google search ■ VOA website provides stories with 6 2. Mobile Tools ■ Just Ask: use 7 to learn a new word ■ 8 : easily look up words in the iPhone or iPad 3. Other Tools ■ Google Dictionary Chrome Extension: 9 on the word Extension defines words in 10 ■ Kindle: reading Kindle books

填空题Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. A true cashless society, 1 , is probably not around the corner. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment "would soon revolutionize the very concept of money itself," only to 2 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a(n) 3 society been so slow in coming? Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payment system based on paper, several factors work 4 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very expensive to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 5 form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 6 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to give up. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" —it takes several days before a check is cashed and funds are 7 from the issuer"s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. They eliminate the float for the consumer 8 electronic payments are immediate. Fourth, electronic means of payment raise security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database. Although a whole new field of computer science has developed to 9 with security issues, a further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 10 that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits. There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby eating into our privacy. A．because B．trail C．however D．cope E．original F．reverse G．resume H．1ane I．cashless J．withdrawn K．provide L．collect M．dominant N．against O．path

填空题A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices. Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see. Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service. Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings. The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

填空题In the following sentences, supply the correct form of the verb as shown in these examples. Examples: The group always (vote) the way its leader tells it to vote. {{U}}votes{{/U}} Athletics (be) one of her great interests when she was an undergraduate. {{U}}was{{/U}} The majority (realize) that they have no more power than the smallest minorities. {{U}}realize{{/U}}

填空题A．doubt B．active C．system D．offer E．unfairly F．unfortunately G．motive H．assert I．peace J．demand K．ask L．superior M．overcome N．confidence O．roar Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated 31 Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date? Many people are afraid to assert themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks it"s because their self-respect is low. "Our whole 32 is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There"s always " 33 " around—a parent, a teacher, a boss—who "knows better". These superiors often gain when they chip away at your self-image." But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people 34 themselves, They 35 "assertiveness training" courses—AT for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more 36 without hurting other people. In one way, learning to speak out is to 37 fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger 38 —the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels. Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. lf someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to 39 your own good sense. You go by the other person"s 40 . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.

填空题A. social B. complicated C. legitimate D. legislative E. overstepped F. committed G. will be H. would be I. obey J. exerted K. complex L. follow M. primitive N. explicit O. implicit In any society, no matter how 11 , some individuals have authority over others, at least within a limited sphere. Obedience is particularly relevant as societies get more 12 where the spheres within which authority can be 13 , become much more differentiate without it, there 18 chaos. But the atrocities of this century—the slaughter of the Armenians, the Nazi death camps—give terrible proof that this disposition to obedience can also become a corrosive poison that destroys our sense of humanity. Some of these atrocities could not have been 19 without the obedience of tens or hundreds of thousands and the acquiescence of many more. How could such obedience have come about? Attempt to answer this question has focused on either of the two factors. One concerns the personality structure of the blindly obedient individual; the other emphasizes the 20 situation in which the obedient person finds himself.

填空题What to Do If You Suspect a Food Allergy 1. Consequences of food allergy 30000 emergency room visits 2000 hospitalizations 1 2. Strategy 1: 2 Reasons: you may be missing out and may misdiagnose 3 between food intolerance and food allergy Intolerances: 4 and challenging Allergies: life-threatening To do a 5 for body reactions 3. Strategy 2: keep a food diary 6 Any symptoms you have How long the symptoms happen 4. Strategy 3: try an 7 Effect: helping to find out the problem food Notice: to try it under doctor"s 8 5. To eliminate a food from your diet Read 9 Know 10 Remind others of your problem food