现在越来越盛行送十几岁的小孩子到国外留学。 可是，把小孩子送到国外学习并不一定会带来好的结果。许多学生缺乏适应性和灵活性，他们很难融入国外的新环境。由于在文化上难以适应，缺乏在国外陌生环境下生存的能力，他们往往会受到所谓“文化震荡”的冲击。缺乏必要的观察能力，使他们难以理解东道主国家人民的行为表现，他们也就无法与当地人打成一片。缺乏适应性以及交流和交往能力必然会使自己感到孤立。

(入学，要交十元的保证金。这是一笔巨款!)母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。

(1) Considering how jazz is transcribed in Chinese (jueshi), you may be misled into assuming that it is an aristocratic cultural form. Nothing could be further from the truth. It originated among black Americans at the end of the 19th century, at a time when they occupied the very bottom of the American social heap. (2) So how has something that was created by a once downtrodden and despised minority acquired a central place in today's American culture? Perhaps the essence of America is that you could never get two Americans to agree on just what that might be. After thinking about it for a while, we might chuckle and say, "Hmm, seems like being American is a bit more complicated than we thought." Certainly things like individualism, success (the "American Dream"), innovation and tolerance stand out. But these things come together because of our ability to work with one another and find common purpose no matter how diverse we might be. (3) Some, like African-American writer Ralph Ellison, believe that jazz captures the essence of America. For good reason, for in jazz all of the characteristics I mentioned above come together. The solos are a celebration of individual brilliance that can't take place without the group efforts of the rhythm section. Beyond that, though, jazz has a connection to the essence of America in a much more fundamental way. It is an expression of the African roots of American culture, a musical medium that exemplifies the culture of the Africans that came to dominate much of what is American. (4) That's right, in many respects America's roots are in Africa. Read Ralph Ellison's perceptive description of the transformation of separate African and European cultures at the hands of the slaves: (5) "... the dancing of those slaves who, looking through the windows of a plantation manor house from the yard, imitated the steps so gravely performed by the masters within and then added to them their own special flair, burlesquing the white folks and then going on to force the steps into a choreography uniquely their own. The whites, looking out at the activity in the yard, thought that they were being flattered by imitation and were amused by the incongruity of tattered blacks dancing courtly steps, while missing completely the fact that before their eyes a European cultural form was becoming Americanized, undergoing a metamorphosis through the mocking activity of a people partially sprung from Africa." Jazz brought together elements from Africa and Europe, fusing them into a new culture, an expression unique to the Americas. (6) Out of this fusion came an idea that we Americans believe central to our identity: tolerance. Both cultures represented in Ellison's passage eventually came to realize each other's value. Americans acknowledge that in diversity is our strength. We learn every day that other cultures and peoples may make valuable contributions to our way of life. Jazz music is the embodiment of this ideal, combining elements from African and European culture into a distinctly American music. (7) Jazz reflects two contradictory facets of American life. On the one hand it is a team effort, where every musician is completely immersed in what the group does together, listening to each of the other players and building on their contributions to create a musical whole. On the other hand, the band features a soloist who is an individual at the extreme, a genius like Charlie Parker who explores musical territory where no one has ever gone before. In the same sense, American life is also a combination of teamwork and individualism, a combination of individual brilliance with the ability to work with others.

Passage One

(1)The excavated rooms of the Fullonica of Stephanus wool factory are home to some of Pompeii's best-preserved artifacts. Against one wall the terracotta basins used to wash wool with a mixture of water and urine—a winning formula before soap was developed—offer a rare glimpse into Pompeian life before the disastrous eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79. But on a recent morning these stunning chambers became the scene of a clash of a different kind. On one side French tourists were trying to get out. On the other German visitors were trying to get in. They met, and got stuck, in the room's narrow doorway. After much elbowing, shoving and cursing, umbrella-wielding tour guides broke the impasse. The bottleneck, however, underscores one of Pompeii's most serious problems: overcrowding. (2)Pompeii's haunting ruins are one of the world's most important ongoing archaeological digs, attracting nearly 2.6 million visitors each year. Not surprisingly, the site is a major source of national pride a-mong Italians, who strive to showcase heritage sites without sullying their historical context. Like many Italian excavations, Pompeii's accessibility allows tourists to wander through me ancient ruins unhindered—provided they can find the elbow room. Now local officials have come up with a controversial plan to fix the chronic crunch. Campania's new regional heritage councilor, Claudio Velardi, wants to limit visitors to the site and offer the newly freed-up space as a venue to rent to large foreign corporations. "My idea is very precise," Velardi told NEWSWEEK. "By programming the number of visitors we could, first, make the Pompeii experience better for everyone. But we could also increase revenue by offering an opportunity for someone like Google or Microsoft to use the site for a private event." (3)Indeed, Velardi has already had talks with both these tech giants about renting Pompeii for sponsored and private events, even though he faces an admittedly tough battle to get governmental approval to use a public site for any private non-Italian use. Undeterred, he also plans to talk to Pixar and Warner Bros, about leasing the ruins as movie sets after Roman Polanski's film "Pompeii," which is stalled in production, was shot in Spain. Velardi has a long list of other multinational companies that he believes would be interested and able to afford what he refers to only as an "astronomical" rental fee. "This is Pompeii, after all," he says. "It is obviously a venue that would command a major investment." (4)In most countries this might seem like a sensible suggestion. But in Italy the proposal is seen as absurd and has become a lightning rod for a broader political debate about whether the nation's archeological treasures are going to become backdrops for American-style theme parks. Italian heritage sites have always been run according to strict rules meant to protect their integrity. To many Italians the notion of any sort of commercial meddling by outsiders—especially American concerns that may "Disneyfy" a site like Pompeii— will detract from its aesthetic and cultural value. "We face an incredible battle to do what would, in the end, be the best thing for Pompeii," says Velardi. "The opposition is completely closed to the idea because they see it as selling Pompeii rather than enhancing the site." (5)Certain sections of the ruins are already frequently rented out for publicly financed events. Last week the grassy Grand Palestra was closed to visitors as workers set up a stage for a grand piano and linen-covered banquet tables for a pre-election dinner sponsored by a local politician. And many organizations regularly sponsor specific projects in return for branding opportunities. The California-based Packard Humanities Institute has given 1.5 million euros in grants toward the conservation of Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum, and local companies like the Compagnia di San Paolo have funded restorations of the Terme Suburbane and the Lupanare brothel. (6)That, however, hasn't curbed criticism from people like Pompeii's superintendent Pietro Giovanni Guz-zo. Guzzo insists that limiting visitors should only be for the enhancement of services and not to turn a privately generated profit, even if the proceeds would go directly to the local cultural ministry for reinvestment. While Pompeii is considered an active archaeological dig, most funds allocated to the ruins are strictly for conservation and upkeep rather than any further exploration. Only two-thirds(44 hectares, or 107 acres)of the buried city has been excavated since the first digs began in the 18th century. An estimated 350 million euros would be needed to dig up the remaining third, but some conservationists would prefer to keep it underground as a way of preserving it for future generations. Velardi argues that renting out the site could even fund future digs. (7)Other opponents say that the plan also blurs the line between Italy's public cultural heritage and private enterprise. Michele Trimarchi, professor of arts economics at the University of Bologna, worries that opening up the site for private sponsors will backfire. He points to failed experiments like the privatization of some of Rome's major monuments—and the fact that they eventually had to revert to public administrators. "Restricted entry on its own is pointless," he says. "It serves a purpose if it ensures an enhanced visitor experience, which will not come from handing the site over to private sponsors who have already proved disappointing in the heritage sector." (8)Velardi counters by saying that any corporation hoping to use the site would be subject to a rigorous selection process and would be required to contribute to improving on the premises. This could include renovating an existing excavation or providing funds to upgrade basic infrastructure, like lighting or restrooms. "This is not some sort of scandalous plan," says Velardi. "It's what they do at the MoMA, the Prado and the Louvre." In ancient Pompeii, though, that may just be too modern an idea.

(1)Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known now from clues in the various dialects of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels and mercenaries, metal-smims and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for "man". But on my travels among them most still referred to themselves as Gypsies. (2)In Europe their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behaviour in their nomadism. At various times they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery—it wasn't until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families. (3)But the Gypsies have confounded predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic group, and their numbers have burgeoned. Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, making them the continent's largest minority. The exact number is hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been undercounted, both by regimes anxious to downplay their profile and by Gypsies themselves, seeking to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigrated to the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their own—unlike the Jews, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. "Romanestan," said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer, "is where my two feet stand."

Character AnalysisI. Different Types of【T1】_____【T1】______Protagonists and【T2】_____【T2】______Major and minor characters— Foilsa)The【T3】_____ of major characters【T3】______b)The lite version of major characters— Round and flat charactersa)Round character: more than one facet to the personalityb)Flat character: only one facet to the personalityII. Literary Patterns That Protagonists Follow— Anti-hero: graceless, inept,【T4】_____【T4】______— Tragic hero: flaws within himself lead to his【T5】_____【T5】______— Romantic hero: capture the hearts of girls—【T6】_____ hero: rise to challenge in very unusual circumstances【T6】______— Hemingway hero: have a rough lifeIII. Writing a Character Analysis— Describe the character and【T7】_____ your choice【T7】______Write your thesis in【T8】_____【T8】______— Identify【T9】_____ of characters【T9】______Decide whether it is a protagonist, major or round character—【T10】_____【T10】______a)Physical thingsb)Peculiar【T11】_____【T11】______c)Characters' relation with the other playersd)Strengths and weaknesses— Analyze actionsa)Analyze character's actionsb)Analyze the action of the【T12】_____【T12】______— Relate to the conflicta)External or internal conflictb)Conflict against people or something abstractc)Character's attempt to【T13】_____【T13】______—【T14】_____ the ideas【T14】______a)Restate and paraphrase the main points in the endb)Avoid【T15】_____ in the last paragraph【T15】______

Character AnalysisI. Different Types of【T1】_____【T1】______Protagonists and【T2】_____【T2】______Major and minor characters— Foilsa)The【T3】_____ of major characters【T3】______b)The lite version of major characters— Round and flat charactersa)Round character: more than one facet to the personalityb)Flat character: only one facet to the personalityII. Literary Patterns That Protagonists Follow— Anti-hero: graceless, inept,【T4】_____【T4】______— Tragic hero: flaws within himself lead to his【T5】_____【T5】______— Romantic hero: capture the hearts of girls—【T6】_____ hero: rise to challenge in very unusual circumstances【T6】______— Hemingway hero: have a rough lifeIII. Writing a Character Analysis— Describe the character and【T7】_____ your choice【T7】______Write your thesis in【T8】_____【T8】______— Identify【T9】_____ of characters【T9】______Decide whether it is a protagonist, major or round character—【T10】_____【T10】______a)Physical thingsb)Peculiar【T11】_____【T11】______c)Characters' relation with the other playersd)Strengths and weaknesses— Analyze actionsa)Analyze character's actionsb)Analyze the action of the【T12】_____【T12】______— Relate to the conflicta)External or internal conflictb)Conflict against people or something abstractc)Character's attempt to【T13】_____【T13】______—【T14】_____ the ideas【T14】______a)Restate and paraphrase the main points in the endb)Avoid【T15】_____ in the last paragraph【T15】______

With concerns over environmental degradation rising, a majority of Chinese people believe that environmental protection should be given higher priority, even if it risks the economic growth. Do you think the environment is more important than the economy? Read the following excerpts on environment and economy carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.D. J. Thampapillai Clearly, the natural environment is an important component of the economic system, and without the natural environment the economic system would not be able to function. Hence, we need to treat the natural environment in the same way as we treat labour and capital; that is, as an asset and a resource.Jim MacNeill The most urgent imperative of the next few decades is further rapid growth. A fivefold to tenfold increase in economic activity would be required over the next 50 years in order to meet the needs and aspirations of a burgeoning world population, as well as to begin to reduce mass poverty. If such poverty is not reduced significantly and soon, there really is no way to stop the accelerating decline in the planet's stocks of basic capital: its forests, soils, species, fisheries, waters and atmosphere.Peter Self Economic markets follow an instrumental logic whereby, under the right conditions, rational egoistic behaviour is socially legitimated and acceptable. In politics, by contrast, it is or was a general social belief that individuals should have some regard to the "good of society" and not just their own private wants.Sharon Beder Economic efficiency does not necessarily equate with social or environmental welfare. Just because the benefits of an action outweigh the costs, it does not mean that the decision is morally correct or politically acceptable. For example, child labour or slavery would be considered immoral even if the economic advantages to the whole society outweigh the costs to some individuals. Pricing mechanisms and markets tend to ignore distributional issues such as who gets the benefits and who bears the costs.Mohamed Idris The term "sustainable" from the ecological point of view means the maintenance of the integrity of the ecology. It means a harmonious relation between humanity and nature. That is, harmony in the interaction between individual human beings and in their interaction with natural resources. The term "sustainable" from the point of view of non-ecological elites means "how to continue to sustain the supply of raw materials when the existing sources of raw materials run out".Edward Grumbine China has already proven that it can build a powerhouse economy and pull hundreds of millions of people out of poverty. Now comes another huge challenge—constructing an adaptive state under 21st century conditions of dwindling resources, greater social inequality, and climate uncertainty. The tasks are daunting: China must reboot economy, revamp environmental policies to reverse decades of decline, and rekindle its social contract to citizens in the face of unprecedented urbanization. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

{{B}}SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.{{/B}}

Now China has about 20 girls' middle schools, most of which are owned by government. The only private one was established recently in Guangdong. Its establishment gained the support of local government. Since its foundation, it has caused a wide discussion in society at large. The following are opinions on the necessity of girls' school. Read them carefully and write your response of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions; 2. give your comment.Zhong Yijun: Girls' schools are paid more attention to in developed countries. Historically, China has also had very successful schools of this kind, such as the very famous Shanghai Third Middle School.Girls' schools are able to design special courses based on the characteristics of women to make up for weaknesses in traditional education and are better for girls to take advantage of their inherent strengths. As long as these schools are well directed, they will uncover women's greatest potential and cultivate outstanding women. Wang Jiaye: In intelligence and emotional development, boys and girls have their respective features. Tailoring education specifically to girls is the essential purpose of girls' schools. Girls' schools today don't go back to the closeted education of the past and they don't just add some courses for women. Instead, the newly built girls' middle school has made it very clear from the beginning that it will teach students based on gender. Teaching methods for some courses such as mathematics, physics and chemistry, would be specially designed for girls. At the same time, classes will be offered by the school based on young women's advantages in imaginative thinking, appreciation of art and literature, and foreign language learning. Xiao Cao: In my opinion, the true purposes of setting up girls' school are: first, the use of the establishment as a brand to attract students from wealthier families; second, they want to restrain impulses of youth, which is just suppressing their emotional needs and is bad for their growth. China used to have many girls' schools but most of them were shut down along with the progress of society. In ancient times, girls didn't have the right to go to school for education, and some were even dressed as boys to sneak into schools in pursuit of knowledge. Girls' schools appeared later as a demonstration of giving them the right to education. But girls' schools have many disadvantages, and the most important one is that it isolates girls and is bad for their emotional development That's why there are now few girls' schools in China. Setting up girls' schools is regressive rather than progressive. Wen Xianliang: Separating boys and girls and giving them different education is negative. A girls' school is not good for the equal rights of men and women, neither is it good for good communication between these two groups in the future. What's worse, it's not good for the development of children's gender identities. Separating boys and girls to avoid puppy love is a negative behavior. Cultivating gender identities from an early age is in accordance with the development trends of society. Wu Zhongkui: A girls' middle school is not a good choice. It's very important for girls at this age to maintain contact with boys. It's a very significant phase of life and isolating girls during this period is harmful to their emotional development since the society is mixed and there are two genders. These girls will have difficulties or psychological problems in society in dealing with boys in the future. As a transition, girls' schools may be OK for girls to stay for one or two years, but staying there too long is definitely not good.

Some local education commissions recently announced teachers who have accepted gifts or cash from students or their parents will be disqualified from applying for professional titles. The move seeks to further curb gift-giving by parents seeking more opportunities or individual attention for their children. The following article discusses related regulations. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the article briefly, and then 2. express your opinion towards those regulations. It would be a shame for the education system—in fact, the nation as whole—if Teachers' Day were to become a time for parents to wrack their brains thinking about what gifts to give teachers to ensure that their children get "special treatment" or to prevent them from being discriminated against in class. To give or not to give gifts is a decision that puts huge pressure on parents whose children are in school. Several surveys conducted by Internet portals, forums and special survey agencies in recent years have indicated that a majority of Chinese parents had been haunted at least once by such a dilemma before Teachers' Day. Apart from flowers, fruits, watches as well as expensive handbags, jewelry and shopping vouchers or cards, some parents have also gifted cash to teachers. A few wealthy parents have even arranged overseas trips for teachers. Surveys, however, have also shown that some teachers do not enjoy the gifts they receive from students' parents. Quite a few teachers who responded to surveys said they usually make a painful choice between accepting and declining a gift. Last year, some 10 well-known elementary and middle schools used the Ministry of Education's website to appeal to teachers across the country to decline gifts from students and their parents. The appeal resonated strongly across educational institutions and was welcomed by many parents. Traditionally, teachers have always been held in high esteem in Chinese society. Most Chinese people still believe in the maxim, "a teacher for a day is a father for a whole life". We have also long viewed teachers as "engineers of the human soul" and "hardworking gardeners" helping "flowers" blossom for the motherland. We also know that the nation cannot fulfill its aspiration of greatness without the selfless dedication of its teachers, who nurture talents from one generation to another. Therefore, the entire society should respect teachers. And indeed it is understandable and acceptable that students give a token gift to teachers to show their respect to and gratitude toward them. But the sacred relationship between teachers and students is soiled when students give gifts to teachers with some ulterior motives—to get favors or special treatment, for example. Many people desperately wanted the education authorities to take measures to check the commercialization of dealings between teachers and parents, and that is precisely what the Ministry of Education has done. But then the creation of a series of Internet technologies and means for giving and receiving gifts, such as e-vouchers and e-cards, and WeChat red packets, have made the malpractice difficult to detect. So the education authorities, aside from passing rigorous regulations banning the malpractice, should also take stricter measures to improve the education system as a whole to ensure that there is no room for corruption.

How to Be Effective Readers?I. Introduction of reading and how to be effective readersA. Introduction of readingA method of absorbing【T1】______【T1】______—comprehension—reading speedFactors influencing our reading ability:—vocabulary—cultural background knowledge-【T2】______【T2】______B. How to be effective readers Developing a love of reading:—making reading a regular and enjoyable activityHaving a clear【T3】______in reading:【T3】______—why improve the reading speed—different strategies for【T4】______【T4】______Developing good reading habits:—concentrating on the important parts-【T5】______【T5】______—skipping the insignificant partsII. The types of readingA. Intensive reading:—reading carefully for a(n)【T6】______of text【T6】______Benefits:—achieving fluency and competence in【T7】______【T7】______—developing critical thinking skillsB. Extensive reading:—reading a lot for pleasure with emphasis on【T8】______【T8】______Benefits:—increasing【T9】______, especially reading level and speed【T9】______—promoting our own reading development—encouraging us to be【T10】______readers【T10】______—developing the habit of reading for pleasure III. The skills of effective reading A. Skill focuses for different levels of readersPrograms for beginners:—developing a basic reading vocabulary-【T11】______skills【T11】______—reading for meaningPrograms for intermediate or advanced readers:—expanding vocabulary—【T12】______comprehension skills【T12】______—mastering skills B. Skills for quick and efficient reading Skimming: —finding the【T13】______of the passage【T13】______—only trying to locate【T14】______【T14】______Scanning:—searching for【T15】______or ideas【T15】______—moving your eyes quickly down the page

The following two excerpts are about the real name registration system, which, despite urgent calls from some netizens to purify the cyber space, has met challenges. From the excerpts, you can find the justification of real name registration system online but there have been also complaints and criticism about it. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the different opinions about the real name registration system, and then 2. express your opinion towards whether real name registration system should be imposed. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your article on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. Excerpt Real Name Registration System China is deliberating the possibility of implementing a "background" real name registration system that allows Internet users to comment online under pseudonyms after registering their personal information with the authorities. The purported targets are the usual suspects: libel, fraud, pornography, and rumor. Hu Qiheng, Chairman of the Internet Society of China announced the rules for the new system at INFO China 2006, a conference promoting information industry, held on Tuesday. Hu Qiheng said real name policy would be implemented in an attempt to strike a balance between individual privacy rights and public interest. The policy will require blog and BBS users to provide authorities with their real names, ID card and other personal identification information, but allow them to preserve their online anonymity. Hu Qiheng said the right to personal privacy has been overemphasized in the debate over real-name registration. She added some countries have carried out real name registration, showing the world has realized the need for a balance between personal privacy and public and national interest. Hu Qiheng said all personal information would be kept private as long as users obey the law and refrain from causing public harm. People who violate these principles will have their information released to the public and be supervised by relevant authorities. As an organization seeking to strengthen communication between the Internet industry and the government, the Internet Society of China has played a leading role in combating spam, malicious software and Internet pirates, as well as promoting a green Internet, providing a healthy Internet environment for children. Excerpt 2 Real Name Registration Under Attack Real name registration has applied to Sina Weibo and many other popular microblogs in China for over a year now. However, free speech advocates have raised legitimate concerns since freedom of speech, however offensive, is constitutionally protected from government sanction or censorship in most countries in the world. In fact, implementing real name registration is easier said than done. Obviously, online service providers and citizens have incentives to comply with the policy or else risk serious punishment. But they may have better reasons to resist. It's fair to ask: Do the relevant government agencies have the wherewithal to force the issue? Successful implementation of this policy will vary depending on the type of media. We have social-driven social media and content-driven social media. Platforms like Facebook, which are largely social-driven—that is, structured around interpersonal relationships—are going to have an easier time getting users to comply with real name policies compared with more content-driven platforms like microblogs. Users of microblogs generally care more about what is being tweeted—the content —rather than who is doing the tweeting. This helps explain why many Weibo users don't care that information is coming from unknown sources. In fact, anonymously generated content may be exactly the kind of juicy tidbits that microblog users have signed on to see. Taking this one step further, if real name registration were successfully implemented, and anonymity were effectively banned on the Internet, that would likely degrade content in the eyes of platform users and probably drive users away from China's popular microblogs.

Passage Four

Colleges and Universities, institutions of higher education that offer programs beyond the high school level. Colleges anduniversities provide necessary training for individuals are wishing【M1】______to enter professional careers. They also strive to develop students'creativity, insight, and analysis skills. By acquainting students with【M2】______complex ideas in an intellectual stimulating environment, colleges【M3】______and universities can provide unique opportunities with personal【M4】______enrichment while also preparing students for future careers.Such diverse professions as engineering, teaching, law,medicine, and information science all require a college education.Most require training in graduate or professional school as well.Increasingly, even less specialized jobs acquire some【M5】______postsecondary education. The development of new technologies and the globalization of the world economy have created high demand for workers with computer, communications, and other occupational skills that can be acquired at colleges or universities. For example, computers and other new technologies haveeliminated many low-skilled jobs in variety of fields, but these【M6】______same technologies have created widespread job opportunities forthose who have the proper training. In addition, employees【M7】______increasingly seek out college graduates who have gained thecritical thinking and problem-solving skills necessary to adopt to【M8】______changing economic conditions. Students who live away from home during their college or university years typically experience a major turning point in theirlives that has nothing to do with academics or professional【M9】______training. For example, college offers many recent high school graduates their first opportunity to live on their own. Mostfirst-year students welcome this increased independence, and【M10】______many also find that living away from home, family, and friends can introduce unexpected challenges.

PASSAGE FOUR

Education gives us the knowledge of the world around us. Itdevelops with us a perspective of looking at life. It helps us build【S1】______opinions and have points of view on things in life. People debateover the subject of whether education is the only thing which gives【S2】______knowledge. Some say, education is the process of gaining information about the surrounding world while knowledge issomething very different. They are partly right. And then,【S3】______information cannot be converted into knowledge without the catalyst called education. Education makes us capable of interpreting things right. Education is not just about lessons in textbooks. It is about the lessons of life. The words "cultivate" and "civilize" are antonymous with【S4】______"educate". That says it! Education is important as it teaches usright behavior, good manners, thus makes us civilized. It teaches us【S5】______about how to lead a life. Education is the basis of culture and【S6】______civil. It is instrumental in the development of our values and【S7】______virtues. Education cultivates us into mature individuals, individuals capable of planning our future and taking the right decisions. Education arms us with an insight into our lives and teaches us tolearn from experience. The future of the nation is safe in the hands【S8】______of educated individuals. Education is important for the economical【S9】______growth of a nation. It fosters principles of equality and socialism.Education forms a support system for talents excel in life. It is the【S10】______backbone of society.

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{{B}}SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.{{/B}}