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Given the amount of time people spend at work nowadays, it makes sense that people are seeking out a potential mate at work. In fact, 59 percent of people now admit to having had an office romance at some point. The following are opinions from both employers and employees.Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from both sides; 2. give your comment.EmployersRieva Lesonsky, CEO of GrowBiz Media Well, considering I met my ex-husband at work, I would be a hypocrite to say office romances are a no-no. But if you have employees dating, you need to make sure supervisors aren't dating people they supervise. Other employees will likely feel slighted and assume preferential treatment is going on. While I think it is smarter and wiser for a business owner to avoid office romance, it is hard to have such strict rules, especially when we spend so many hours at the office. So if you must, you better be super careful. There are so many lawsuits waiting to happen in this scenario.Rob Dyrdek, President of Dyrdek Enterprises I feel like office romances are a recipe for disaster. Even if you have two completely consensual, responsible adults, feelings and emotions are at some point going to rear their ugly heads. Now, I've seen cases where romances have become marriages and it was a great thing that went onto last forever. But I would say that's one in a million. So, especially for your own sanity, if you're caught in a potential office romance, I would do everything I can to avoid it. Because if it doesn't work out the way you expected, then now you've got to see this person nonstop, you've got to go to events with your new significant other and see this person.EmployeesRoberta Matuson, project manger of TerraCycle You may think this is a private affair, but is it really? Logic tells you your romantic involvement will impact your coworkers directly. If you sit together in the company cafeteria, will people now feel they should give you privacy? Will they exclude you from certain conversations, because they don't know what you'll relay to your new love? Consciously or subconsciously, your relationship may influence decisions that go well beyond a lunchroom. Your romance may color everyone's judgment with regard to promotions, projects, team building and responsibilities. The relationship could make it more difficult for your department—and depending on your position, your company—to operate effectively.Dorothy Moron, HR assistance of GoodSearch.com There are groups like law enforcement and the investigative agencies that have had great success actually encouraging relationships because the demands and pressures being put on them are often unique to their professions. Being in a relationship where someone knows those demands and how that can likely impact time and availability is vital for any kind of relationship growth. People inherently understand and are attracted to others who "understand" that part of their life. Another draw of getting involved with a co-worker is the excitement coupled with the "safety" of dating somebody you've already gotten to know. There are a lot of "creeps" out there in the world; dating and falling for someone you work with is a lot easier/safer than trying to meet someone in clubs, bars, etc.

我记忆中最痛苦的一件事，就是跟着母亲去集体的地里拣麦穗，看守麦田的人来了，拣麦穗的人纷纷逃跑。 我母亲是小脚，跑不快，被捉住，那个身材高大的看守人煽了她一个耳光，她摇晃着身体跌倒在地，看守人没收了我们拣到的麦穗，吹着口哨扬长而去。我母亲嘴角流血，坐在地上，脸上那种绝望的神情使我终生难忘。多年之后，当那个看守麦田的人成为一个白发苍苍的老人，在集市上与我相逢，我冲上去想找他报仇，母亲拉住了我，平静地对我说：“儿子，那个打我的人，与这个老人，并不是一个人。”

(1)On the 12th day of March 1847, in the rue Laffitte, I happened upon a large yellow notice announcing a sale of furniture and valuable curios. An estate was to be disposed of, the owner having died. The notice did not name the dead person, but the sale was to be held at 9 rue d'Antin on the 16th, between noon and five o'clock. The notice also stated that the apartments and contents could be viewed on the 13th and 14th. (2)I have always been interested in curios. I promised myself I would not miss this opportunity, if not of actually buying, then at least of looking. (3)The following day, I directed my steps towards 9 rue d'Antin. (4)It was early, and yet a good crowd of visitors had already gathered in the apartment, men for the most part, but also a number of ladies who, though dressed in velvet and wearing Indian shawls, and all with their own elegant broughams standing at the door, were examining the riches set out before them with astonished, even admiring eyes. (5)After a while, I quite saw the reason for their admiration and astonishment, for having begun myself to look around I had no difficulty in recognizing that I was in the apartment of a kept woman. Now if there is one thing that ladies of fashion desire to see above all else, and there were society ladies present, it is the rooms occupied by those women who have carriages which spatter their own with mud every day of the week, who have their boxes at the Opera or the Theatre-Italien just as they do, and indeed next to theirs, and who display for all Paris to see the insolent opulence of their beauty, diamonds and shameless conduct. (6)The woman in whose apartments I now found myself was dead: the most virtuous of ladies were thus able to go everywhere, even into the bedroom. Death had purified the air of this glittering den of iniquity. And in any case they could always say, if they needed the excuse, that they had done no more than come to a sale without knowing whose rooms these were. I had read the notices, they had wanted to view what the notices advertised and mark out their selections in advance. It could not have been simpler, though this did not prevent them from looking through these splendid things for traces of the secret life of a courtesan of which they had doubtless been given very strange accounts. (7)Unfortunately, the mysteries had died with the goddess, and in spite of their best endeavours these good ladies found only what had been put up for sale since the time of death, and could detect nothing of what had been sold while the occupant had been alive. (8)But there was certainly rich booty(战利品)to be had. The furniture was superb. Rosewood and Buhl-work pieces, Severs vases and blue china porcelain, Dresden figurines, satins, velvet and lace, everything in fact. (9)I wandered from room to room in the wake of these inquisitive aristocratic ladies who had arrived before me. They went into a bedroom hung with Persian fabrics and I was about to go in after them, when they came out again almost immediately, smiling and as it were put to shame by this latest revelation. The effect was to make me even keener to see inside. It was the dressing-room, complete down to the very last details, in which the dead woman's profligacy(挥霍)had seemingly reached its height. (10)On a large table standing against one wall, it measured a good six feet by three, shone the finest treasures of Aucoc and Odiot. It was a magnificent collection, and among the countless objects each so essential to the appearance of the kind of woman in whose home we had gathered, there was not one that was not made of gold or silver. But it was a collection that could only have been assembled piece by piece, and clearly more than one love had gone into its making. (11)I, who was not the least put out by the sight of the dressing-room of a kept woman, spent some time agreeably inspecting its contents, neglecting none of them, and I noticed that all these magnificently wrought implements bore different initials and all manner of coronets(宝冠). (12)As I contemplated all these things, each to my mind standing for a separate prostitution of the poor girl, I reflected that God had been merciful to her since He had not suffered her to live long enough to undergo the usual punishment but had allowed her to die at the height of her wealth and beauty, long before the coming of old age, that first death of courtesans. (13)Indeed, what sadder sight is there than vice in old age, especially in a woman? It has no dignity and is singularly unattractive. Those everlasting regrets, not for wrong turnings taken but for wrong calculations made and money foolishly spent, are among the most harrowing things that can be heard. I once knew a former woman of easy virtue of whose past life there remained only a daughter who was almost as beautiful as the mother had once been, or so her contemporaries said. This poor child, to whom her mother never said "You are my daughter" except to order her to keep her now that she was old just as she had been kept when she was young, this wretched creature was called Louise and, in obedience to her mother, she sold herself without inclination or passion or pleasure, rather as she might have followed an honest trade had it ever entered anyone's head to teach her one.

Passage Three

The following two excerpts are about free speech on the Internet which has been the subject of controversy since the birth of the Internet. From the excerpts, you can find that urgent calls for Internet censorship are justified to some degree but there have also been doubt and criticism about this issue. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the different responses about free speech on the Internet and their reasons, and then 2. express your opinion towards free speech on the Internet, especially whether the implementation of Internet censorship will undermine the worth of the Internet. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your article on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. Excerpt 1 The Muzzle Grows Tighter Lately, Internet censorship has been the subject of great controversy. Certain individuals feel as though the Internet should be governmentally regulated and censored in order to protect the youth of America. On the other hand, the regulation of material on the Internet would, in fact, violate the right to free speech and expression. In essence, governmental censorship means it would primarily attempt to stop an unintentional effect of certain speech or expression on the Internet; in other words, the government would be opposing the idea of individualism in society. When controlling what people read or view, whether in a book or on a computer monitor, the government limits people's ideas and their thought capacities. Frederick Schauer, a law professor stated " Freedom of speech meant not only freedom from any form of governmental control, but also freedom from private social pressures that could also inhibit thought and opinion". As citizens of the United States, individuals have the right to be free from governmental control that inhibits thoughts, ideas, and free expression. Every individual in America has the right to read or view whatever book or magazine they choose. How should this be different from viewing the same type of material on the Internet? The Internet is an interactive experience in which the user selects what he or she will view. Also, Internet technology does not allow people who post information to control those receive it. Overall, the Internet is an extremely different form of media, but that fact should not subject it to different censorship laws. Excerpt 2 Internet Censorship China has defended its right to censor the Internet in a document showing the government's attitude towards the web. It says the country has the right to govern the Internet according to its own rules inside its borders. The white paper also reveals just how fast the Internet has developed in China in the past 16 years since it was first connected. By 2015,the country had 6,88 billion Internet users. The white paper, released on Tuesday, called the Internet "a crystallization of human wisdom". But in the document the government lays out some of the reasons why its citizens cannot get access to all of that wisdom. It says it wants to curb the harmful effects of illegal information on state security, public interests and children. " Laws and regulations clearly prohibit the spread of information that contains content subverting state power, undermining national unity or infringing upon national honor and interests," it says. Websites, blogs and information deemed sensitive by the Chinese government is routinely blocked using a range of technological tools, dubbed the Great Firewall of China. The country's state secrets law has just been amended in a way that makes Internet and telecommunications firms now responsible for helping the government police the web. In another section, China reaffirms its determination to govern the Internet within its borders according to its own rules. "Within Chinese territory the Internet is under the jurisdiction of Chinese sovereignty. The Internet sovereignty of China should be respected and protected," it says. It adds that foreign individuals and firms can use the Internet in China, but they must abide by the country's laws.

他们是一对新婚夫妇。

Nowadays in China, quite a handful of philanthropist choose to do charities in a high-profile manner. When they donate money and/or basic necessities, they would make sure that the camera and the press are present. The following two excerpts are two attitudes towards high-profile charity. Read them carefully and write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the arguments on both sides; 2. give your comment.Excerpt 1Feng Xiaogang from news.dayoo.com We shouldn't only see the motives of their donation but also see the good results. Do they really donate money or just give out rubber checks? Is the effect of helping poor people achieved? Even if they do display ostentatious altruism, we should allow people to brag about their good deeds. I don't think there is anything wrong with high-profile charity. Who said charity should only be low-profile? Nowadays, if rich people don't donate money, they will be criticized as being stingy. If they donate too much money, they will be criticized as being ostentatious. This is really not good for the healthy development of China's charitable undertakings. People argue the high-profile approach could be used for self-publicity and advertising. I think that donating money to poor people to gain fame and popularity is much better than pouring money into advertisements on TV or the Internet for fame and popularity. If all enterprises poured their money into helping poor people for publicity, poor people would be more than happy to accept it.Excerpt 2Jin Ganglang from forum.book.sina.com.cn I strongly oppose high-profile charity. If you wander around the streets, you will see many signs asking to donate money to needy people and help the poor. You would think you live in heaven. But, with second thoughts, you realize they are just promotional activities merchants mount to make money. Here, charity is not the final purpose but a means of gaining financial profit. It's totally understandable for merchants to take profits as their main purpose, but they should achieve this purpose from advanced technology and the good quality of their products. But if they candy-coat charity and gain profit by relying on the sympathy of customers, it's total deception and should be denounced by all. I feel that we are now farther and farther away from true philanthropy and nearer and nearer to deception and hypocritical behavior. In today's world, the result is more important than the means. In order to achieve a purpose, any method is allowed. Therefore, people argue that, as long as a great amount of money is donated, we shouldn't be too critical about merchants' hidden agendas. That's totally wrong and a twisted concept of charily. As a matter of fact, charity is quite simple. The donation itself has significant meaning, not the amount of money. What's more important is the concept of helping others. Don't use charity as a tool for fame or profit. No one should look upon charity as an investment. The real essence of charity is treating people around you well, not being greedy and not bullying others.

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PASSAGE ONE

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Subfields of Linguistics The overlapping interests between the field of linguistics and otherdisciplines create several【T1】______of linguistics.【T1】______I. Sociolinguistics Focusing on patterns and【T2】______in language within a society or【T2】______community Examining the way people use language to【T3】______in society and to【T3】______achieve【T4】______【T4】______II.【T5】______【T5】______ Studying language processing and its interaction with【T6】______mental【T6】______processes, for instance, studies of children's language acquisition and SLAIII. Computational Linguistics Using computers in analyzing languages, stylistic studies and【T7】______,【T7】______bringing forth machine translation systems and machines that【T8】______and【T8】______produce speech and textIV.【T9】______【T9】______ Employing linguistic theory and methods to improve SLA【T10】______,【T10】______especially focusing on motivation,【T11】______, learning style and personality【T11】______V.【T12】______Linguistics【T12】______ Examining the relationship between a culture and its language, the way cultures and languages have【T13】______over time【T13】______VI. Philosophical Linguistics Examining the philosophy of language, with one major concern toanalyze the【T14】______of possible word order combinations【T14】______VII. Neurolinguistics Studying how language is【T15】______and represented in the brain【T15】______

PASSAGE THREE

Singles' Day has been hailed as another victory by modern society in terms of commercialism. Businessmen view it as a gold mine for money-digging while the netizens sing high praise for the conveniences it brings us. How should we view this newly man-made festival? Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the author's opinion; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Let's not Discount Human Touch Next Nov. 11 I had a punishing day's shopping recently. In less than an hour, I bought 12 liter-cartons of milk, the same number of boxes of breakfast cereal, 10 hairy crabs, a dozen pairs of socks, and a replacement laptop power cable. The next day it was all delivered straight to my door, neatly packed and alive. Welcome to China's most efficient and expanding industry: Online shopping. When I left Edinburgh, the above list might have meant a whole weekend of much blood, sweat and irritation. In Beijing, however, the opposites apply. I am embarrassed to say, my list was all bought sitting in bed. This is the ultimate in modern convenience and a gold mine for the delivery and retail sectors. But I can't help thinking it's becoming a killer for society. Retailers across China will no doubt be toasting another bumper Nov. 11 shopping festival. Alibaba reported that about 91.2 billion yuan was spent on Nov. 11. That was 60 percent higher than the 57. 1 billion yuan it took on Nov. 11 last year. In my view, festivals are about mingling with happy people, listening to music, enjoying each other's company. They're not about sitting boggled in front of a PC, laptop, tablet or mobile, essentially spending for the sake of spending. In just five years, Nov. 11 has become commercialism on a vulgar scale—much like Christmas has in the West. In Edinburgh, I lived in Stockbridge. There's a 40-year-old cheese shop, a delicatessen, a hardware store, a stationer, two small supermarkets, a butcher, a fresh-fish shop, even a chocolatier: All within striking distance of each other. At the weekend, families stroll about with armfuls of real shopping bags, having conversations with real neighbors, actually interacting with their fellow Edinburgers. I fully appreciate not everyone has this luxury of such quirky shop windows on their doorsteps. Being able to source thousands of online goods, conveniently from home is amazing and impressive. But have we all become just too used to clicking a mouse than using our own two feet to go out for a nice piece of old-fashioned retail therapy? I feel we've already got to the point that choosing this rather slothful keyboard opinion is a breeding ground for a more sedentary and unsociable society. What about actual shops? Already, millions are being shuttered around the world. And those that do survive may very well be run by artificially intelligent shop assistant applications or robots—not much chat over the counter in those. Indoors, too, all-purpose robots are already doing the housework. Sensors in future could also obviate other chores, with your fridge and cupboards programmed to place orders for you.I would rather like not having my life ruled by electronics—especially those I can't look in the eye, or say hello to. So, instead of Nov. 11, how about "Get Off Your Posterior, and Go and Do Something for Yourself" Day? Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

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接读朋友的来信，尤其是远自海外犹带着异国风云的航空信，确是人生一大快事，如果无须回信的话。回信，是读信之乐的一大代价。久不回信，屡不回信，接信之乐必然就相对减少，以致于无，这时，友情便暂告中断了，直到有一天在赎罪的心情下，你毅然回起信来。磋砣了这么久，接信之乐早变成欠信之苦，我便是这么一位累犯的罪人，交游千百，几乎每一位朋友都数得出我的前科来的。