单选题{{B}}D{{/B}} Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive(认识派的)researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others. The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary(金钱的)rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements(刺激)indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. "If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenhower of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance of or creating too much anticipation for rewards. " A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenhower holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades. In earlier grades, the use of so-called taken economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

单选题It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcast began.[ A] that[ B] while[C] which[D] since

单选题I've decided to ______ your advice and stop smoking for good.[A] take[B] receive[C] believe[D] consider

单选题After paying 1 O00 dollars ______ , you'll all become full members of our club.

单选题Why did the teacher ask them to write a short essay?

单选题 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项([A]、[B]、[C]和[D])中选出最佳选项。{{B}}A{{/B}} You're standing in the kitchen and a voice says, "Add a little more salt to that soup." Yes, it's always nice to have someone help you when you're cooking. But this voice is not from a man. You are alone! Then where does it come from? Is it from a ghost? No, this isn't a ghost kitchen -- it's the kitchen of the future. Scientists are working to improve everything in the kitchen, from fridges to tables, and even the way we cook. They are making a system. It will help a person cook a meal. You do not need cookbooks. You can hear how to cook food. The fridge of the smart kitchen has a scanner. It looks at the foods in the fridge. It will order more milk from the store when your milk has gone bad or there is no more in the fridge. The gloves will test the temperature of everything they touch and say, "Need to cook longer" or "Hot and ready to eat". If you leave them on the stove by mistake, you'll hear they say, "Fire!" Even the knives and spoons will speak. For example, if you food is had, the knives and spoons will tell you not to eat it. The future may look wonderful, but it's not cheap. The multimedia fridge costs about 8 000 dollars. So even though high-tech kitchens are no longer a dream, not everyone can afford it.

单选题Whydidthegirlaskherfathersomanyquestions?

单选题Laser-dopple radar ______.

单选题You are no longer a boy. You ______ do things for yourself and not always depend on your parents.[A] will[B] ought[C] can[D] should

单选题 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Body language is a personal thing. It says a lot about a person, such as whether he {{U}}(36) {{/U}} respect for others to whom he is talking, and whether he pays proper {{U}}(37) {{/U}}to someone else's ideas. Think about your own body language. It is important to pay attention to it. {{U}}(38) {{/U}}, when you meet someone, don't stand too {{U}}(39) {{/U}}. An uncomfortable nearness is very {{U}}(40) {{/U}} to the other per- son, {{U}}(41) {{/U}} keep your physical distance, {{U}}(42) {{/U}} he'll have to keep backing off from you. {{U}}(43) {{/U}} two feet will do. Some of the {{U}}(44) {{/U}} in which your body will tell the other person you are {{U}}(45) {{/U}} carefully are.: Sit attentively(专注地) in your chair. {{U}}(46) {{/U}} you slump(垂头弯腰地坐) down on your backbone, your {{U}}(47) {{/U}} straight out in front of you, your body is saying, "I don't care what you're {{U}}(48) {{/U}}; I'm not interested." {{U}}(49) {{/U}} the face of the person speaking and do not let your eyes roam (漫游) around. It's{{U}} (50) {{/U}}to give the person speaking your {{U}}(51) {{/U}} attention. Keep your legs {{U}}(52) {{/U}}. Do not keep changing your position. Crossing and uncrossing your knees shows either aching legs or the{{U}} (53) {{/U}}that you can {{U}}(54) {{/U}} wait to get away. It is the way you may feel, but you should certainly {{U}}(55) {{/U}} that fact.

单选题What game does the man enjoy?

单选题Scott and his companions (同伴) were terribly disappointed, When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians (挪威人) had beaten them in the (36) to be the first ever to (37) the South Pole. After planting the British (38) at the Pole, they (39) a photograph of themselves (40) they started the 950 mile journey (41) . The journey was unexpectedly (42) and the joy and excitement about the Pole had gone out of them. The sun hardly (43) . The snow storms always made it impossible to (44) the stones they had (45) to mark their way home. Captain Oates had been suffering for (46) (47) his (48) feet. At night His feet swelled (肿胀) so large that he could (49) put his boots (50) the next morning, and he walked bravely although he was in great (51) . He knew his slowness was making it (52) likely that (53) could save themselves. He asked them to leave him behind in his sleeping bag, but they (54) , and helped him on a few more miles, until it was time to put up the (55) for another night.

单选题Ann Curry is a famous news presenter of the NBC News "Today" show. When she was 15 she happened to walk into a bookstore in her hometown and began looking at the books on the shelves. The man behind the counter, Mac McCarley, asked if she'd like a job. She needed to start saving for college, so she said yes. Ann worked after school and during summer vacations, and the job helped pay for her first year of college. During college she would do many other jobs: she served coffee in the student union, was a hotel maid and even made maps for the US Forest Service. But selling books was one of the most satisfying jobs. One day a woman came into the bookstore and asked Arm for books on cancer (癌症). The woman seemed anxious. Ann showed her practically everything they had and found other books they could order. The woman left the store less worried, and Arm has always remembered the pride she felt in having helped her customer. Years later, as a television reporter in Los Angeles, Ann heard about a child who was born with problems with his fingers and his hand. His family could not afford a surgical(外科的) operation, and the boy lived in shame, hiding his hand in his pocket all the time. Ann persuaded her boss to let her do the story. After the story was broadcast, a doctor and a nurse called, offering to perform the surgical operation for free. Ann visited the boy in the recovery room after the operation. The first thing he did was to hold up his repaired hand and say, "Thank you. " What a sweet sense of satisfaction Ann Curry felt! At McCarley's bookstore, Ann always sensed she was working for the customers, not the store. Today it's the same. NBC News pays her, but she feels as if she works for the people who watch the programmes, helping them make sense of the world.

单选题Whereisthemangoingto?Heisgoingto______.

单选题A Fred, a very conscientious worker, had one serious flaw: he was clumsy. The poor boy spoiled everything he did and for that reason could never keep a job. He'd had many jobs over the years but only for a few weeks at a time. For six months, Fred was out of employment. Finally, he got a job in a warehouse where many different types of home furnishings were stored. Fred's job was to unpack the merchandise newly arrived from the factory and put each item in its assigned place. The work was only temporary, but after so long with no employment at all it was better than nothing. One morning Fred unpacked a large and quite fragile vase. He picked it up to carry across the warehouse. But he had only walked two steps and he tripped. There was a loud crash as the vase fell from Fred's hands and shattered into a thousand pieces. Fred was called immediately to the manager's office, and he was sure he would be fired. The young man's spirits began to drop. "I'll have to deduct something from your wages every week until the vase is paid for," the manager said sternly. "How much is the vase worth?" Fred asked. "$350." A wide grin spread across the young man's face. "That's wonderful!" he shouted happily. "At last I have a steady job!/

单选题WheredidMr.Greyhaveaniceshop?

单选题John made enough money by ______.

单选题Such ______ the case, I couldn't help but ______ him.[A] being; support[B] is; to support[C] has been; supporting[D] be; supported

单选题{{B}}D{{/B}} Mr White lived in Florida and owned a company there. Some computers were made in his company. He was nice to his employees (雇员) and often had a joke with them. They liked him very much and worked hard. So he paid them a lot. The man had lots of work to do and often went to bed late at night. His friends advised him to do some exercise. He thought he was strong and didn't agree with them. But one day he fell in a faint (晕倒) while he wins working in his office. He was sent to a hospital at once and the doctors examined him carefully. They found something was wrong with his heart and he had to be in hospital. Several months later he returned home and asked his son to manage the company. Once his daughter wanted to travel in Australia. The old man decided to go there with her. As he went to the country for the first time, he was interested in all. He played well, had a good sleep and visited some places of interest. And one day they visited a farm. It was big and beautiful. Cows and sheep could be seen everywhere. Pointing to a cow, Mr White asked, "What's this?" "Haven't you seen a cow?" the guide asked surprisely. "Cow?" Mr White said with a smile. "A cow in our country is five times (倍) as big as it!" Having heard this, all the visitors began to laugh. After a while he saw a kangaroo (袋鼠) and asked again, "What's that?" "It's flea (跳蚤) , sir," answered the guide.

单选题What made the writer start doubting the possibility of the trip?