单选题 Publicity offers several benefits. There are not costs for message time or space. An ad in prime-time television may cost ＄250,000 to ＄5,000,000 or more per minute, whereas a fiveminute report on a network newscast would not cost anything. However, there are costs for news releases, a publicity department, and other items. As with advertising, publicity reaches a mass audience. Within a short time, new products or company policies are widely known. Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than to ads. For example, Women's Wear Daily has both fashion reports and advertisements. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they flip through the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine. Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly. Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, their placement, or their coverage by a given medium. It may issue detailed news releases and find only portions cited by the media, and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would like. A firm may want publicity during certain periods, such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened, but the media may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it would aid the firm. Similarly, media determine the placement of a story; it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media ascertain whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it.

单选题After 20 years of marriage, a husband may still not understand his wife. How is it that she is never at a 1 for words? How can she 2 the names of a couple they met on 3 years ago? Now we know 4 to tell him: It"s her brain. Although there are obviously cultural 5 for the differences in emotions and behavior, 6 breakthrough research reveals that the 7 of many puzzling differences between men and women may 8 in the head. Men"s and women"s brains 9 much in common, but they are definitely not the same 10 size, structure or insight. Broadly speaking, a woman"s brain, like her body, is ten to fifteen percent smaller than a man"s, 11 the regions dedicated to the language may be more densely 12 with brain cells. Girls generally speak earlier and read faster. The reason may be 13 females use both sides of the brain when they read. In 14 , males rely only on the left side. At every age, women"s memories 15 men"s. They have a greater ability to 16 names with faces than men do, and they are 17 at recalling list. The events people remember best are those that an emotion is attached to. 18 women use more of their right brains, which 19 emotions, they may do this automatically. While we don"t yet know what all these findings imply, one thing is 20 : Male and female brains do the same things, but they do them differently.

单选题Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?[A]Ajacket.[B]AT-shirt.[C]Apairoftrousers.

单选题Do you find it very difficult and painful to get up in the morning? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: "Get up, Peter! You'll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that Peter is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrel ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning, but yon have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.

单选题Whatdoesthewomanwanttohave?[A]Astory-book.[B]Apieceofpaper.[C]AnEnglishbook.

单选题For most of us, dieting is a frustrating fact of life. With so much conflicting nutritional information about, it can be difficult to tell which weight-loss strategies really work. Let's start by discounting these confusing myths. 1. All calories are created equal What you eat, not how much, is the main factor behind weight gain, according to research. Calories from fat pack on the pounds. The reason: during digestion, the body bums many more calories metabolizing protein and carbohydrates than it does metabolizing fat. 2. Desserts are taboo Cakes, pies and ice cream can sensibly be worked into a diet, the expert says. Moderation is the key. Cut down on other meals if you'11 be eating out at a restaurant known for its rich sweets. Or indulge, but take only a few bites. 3. Fast foods are forbidden A plain hamburger on a bun is still a healthful choice. So is grilled chicken or a green salad with low-cal dressing. But watch out for French fries, milkshakes and batter-dipped chicken or fish. 4. Fasting is the fastest diet Some studies suggest that drastically reducing calorie intake switches the body into a" starvation mode", which conserves calories and decreases your metabolic rate. The more frequently you deprive yourself of food, the better your body may get at storing calories. So, in the long run, repeated fasting may actually undermine your weight-loss efforts. 5. To keep weight off, simply watch what you eat According to experts, exercise combined with dieting ensures weight loss better than dieting alone does. Experts also agree that sticking with regular, moderate exercise is more important that occasional vigorous workouts are. Obesity-researcher Kelly Brownell encourages patients to make a series of small physical efforts: taking the stairs instead of the elevator and parking the car far from where you are going and walking. Most important, before getting caught up in dietary myths, let good sense shape your eating habits. Your body will thank you for it.

单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to ______.

单选题 {{I}}Questions 15—18 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read the questions 15—18.{{/I}}

单选题Most young people enjoy physical activities, walking, cycling, football, or mountaineering. These who have a passion 1 climbing high and difficult mountains are often 2 with astonishment. Why are men and women 3 to suffer cold and hardship, and to 4 on high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activities 5 which men give their leisure. There are no man-made rules, as there are for 6 as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of different kinds which it would be dangerous to 7 , but it is this freedom from man-made rules 8 makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to their own 9 . If we 10 mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is 11 mountaineering is not a "team work". However, it is only our misunderstanding. There are, in fact, no matches" 12 "teams" of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may 13 , obviously, there is teamwork. A mountain climber knows that he may have to fight with natural 14 that ate stronger and more powerful than man. His sport requires high mental and 15 qualities. A mountain climber 16 to improve on skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions 17 in their early twenties. But it is not 18 for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more 19 than younger men, but they probably climb more skill and less 20 of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.

单选题Directions: You will hear four dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

单选题Whatdoesthedoctorsuggestthemanshoulddo?A.Lieinbed.B.Takesomemoremedicine.C.Eatmore.D.Drinklotsofliquids.

单选题When we think about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, a peak of great delight--and those peaks seem to get rarer the older we get. For a child, happiness has a magical quality. I remember making hide outs in newly cut hay, playing cops and robbers in the woods, getting a speaking part in the school play. Of course, kids also experience lows, but their delight at such peaks of pleasure as winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved. For teenagers, or people under twenty, the concept of happiness changes. Suddenly it's conditional on such things as excitement, love, and popularity. I can still feel the agony of not being invited to a party that almost everyone else was going to. But I also recall the great happiness of being invited at another event to dance with a very handsome young man. In adulthood the things that bring great joy--birth, love, marriage--also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. Love may not last, sex isn't always good, and loved ones die. For adults, happiness is complicated. My dictionary explains happy as "lucky" or "fortunate", but I think a better explanation of happiness is "the capacity for enjoyment". The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to love where we please, even good health. Nowadays, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, we have turned happiness into one mode thing we "gotta have". We're so self-conscious about our "right" to it that it's making us extremely unhappy. So we chase it and consider it to be the same as wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier. While happiness may be more complex for us, the solution is the same as ever. Happiness isn't about what happens to us--it's about how we perceive what happens to us. It's the ability to find positive for every negative, and view a setback as a challenge. It's not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we do possess.

单选题{{I}}Questions 11～13 are based on the following dialogue.{{/I}}

单选题Which of the following is not free to first-class passengers with this airline?

单选题{{B}}Text 3{{/B}} There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses—all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. The influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability. Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grade level—variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum—or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data. Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated against flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.