填空题Workaholism Ⅰ. Most workers spend eight or nine hours on the job. They work because it's unavoidable. They need to make enough money for necessities: food, rent, clothing, transportation, tuition, and so on. They spend about one-third of their lives at work, but they hate it. They complain and count the minutes until quitting time each day —or the days until their next vacation. Ⅱ. By contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work —in fact, they love to work. They spend many extra hours on the job each week and often take work home with them. These workaholics are as addicted to their jobs as other people are to drugs or alcohol. Ⅲ. In some urban centers, workaholism is so common that people do not consider it unusual; they accept the lifestyle as normal. Government workers in Washington, D.C., for example, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. They don't do this because they have to; they do it because they want to. Hundreds of workaholics in New York City tried to go to work even in the famous blackout of 1977. There was no electricity—no air conditioning, elevators, or lights—but many people went to their offices, anyway. They sat impatiently on the steps outside their office buildings and did paperwork or had business meetings. Ⅳ. Workaholism can be a serious problem. Because the workaholics would rather work than do anything else, they probably don't know how to relax; that is, they might not enjoy movies, sports, or other types of entertainment. Most of all, they hate to sit and do nothing. This inability to rest may cause health problems, such as heart attacks. In addition, typical workaholics don't pay much attention to their families. They spend little time with their children, and their marriages may end in divorce. Ⅴ. Is workaholism always dangerous? Perhaps not. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in life. Their work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the same thing. Their jobs provide them with a challenge; this keeps them busy and creative. Other people retire from work at age sixty-five, but workaholics usually prefer not to quit. They are still enthusiastic about work—and life—in their eighties and nineties. Now match each paragraph (16 to 20) to the appropriate topic. Note: there are two extra topics. Topics[A] The characteristics of workaholics.[B] Reasons that people enjoy work.[C] Feelings of "normal" workers about their jobs.[D] ProbIems of Workaholism.[E] The advantages of Workaholism.[F] Typical workaholics.[G] Examples of Workaholism in big cities.

填空题 Alfred Benedetti: At the age 101, I participated in the javelin, shot put and basketball free-throw events in the Senior Olympics from age 90 and went bowling twice a week. I attributed my health and longevity to keeping myself involved with some demanding activities, whether it is our physical strength or our mental energy that is required in these activities. And I stayed busy with reading, writing, and working with his hands.Angelina Strandel: At the age 101, I would like to recommend, "What we always need is a state of peace in our minds". No one can really a life in such a peaceful way that nothing annoying, depressing or even hurting happens in our life, but we can still manage to get a peaceful mind during the process. Although I dealt with much turmoil in my life, I did not let the stress get to me. My sister lived to age 100.Mikihil Jaisinghani: I always watch my calories and keep away from food rich in fat. Maybe it's because I am not a person who is really into eating, or it is because the negative effects of such foods make them not so delicious for me, anyway, I never allow myself for those kinds of food. Plenty of vegetables and fruits make me feel good, and I am always energetic even at my age now.Herbert Kirk: I graduated at age 97 from Montana State University with a bachelor's degree in art. Look, here is my senior-thesis sculpture project. I attributed my longevity to keeping on learning something new. Especially when we retire from our job, it's of great importance that we learn something new on a yearly basis. This can really do a lot to prevent us from aging too quickly.John Leaver: When I was 95, I won two gold medals (in 800-meter and five-kilometer races) and one silver medal (in a 200-meter race) at an international seniors' track meet in Helsinki, Finland. I love competing with others in sports. Although it is not a universally accepted idea that we should continue to participate in competitive sports when we reach a certain age, this surly helped me a lot. I like to challenge others, as well as myself. Now match each of the people (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.A. I keep the negative feeling away and maintain a calm mind.B. I always interact with others, and never allow myself to be alone for a long period.C. I strictly forbid myself from eating unhealthy foods.D. I benefit a lot from my marriage and my good relationship with my husband keeps me always in good mood.E. I take part in competitive sports to keep my health.F. I continue to learn new stuff and enjoy doing so.G. I keep myself busy with sports as well as my work.

填空题Nora Kent

填空题Queens

填空题5th Person

填空题Thomas Hervouet

填空题Peter: My favorite childhood play area was the back garden. Back in the days when I was growing up on a large housing estate, the "goals" would be a pair of garage doors or two jackets laid out in the garden. I would spend hours kicking a ball about with my dad, learning how to control, dribble or kick it.Simon: The playground was quite small. The floor was covered with flat bricks and there were many that were cracked or broken or missing, and a few weeds struggled through. It was totally enclosed on one side by the school and on the other by high brick walls. It was more like a prison yard--on top of the walls was a layer of concrete into which pieces of broken glass had been stuck. After school was finished my friends and I would climb a lamppost outside the school and sit on top of the wall, slowly breaking off the bits of glass.Alan: I come from an area of terraced houses, pavements and streets. There were no gardens. My first school was Prince's Street Primary and the room in which I received my first lessons had large, folding glass doors that opened onto a small playground that had grass, bushes and flowers. My amazement at seeing these items, which are normal to most of the world, has stayed with me all my life.Nick: I was strictly forbidden from the obvious playground--a long, overgrown ditch running through waste ground, mainly built to take away the rain. It was irresistible to us local school children. Its charm, compared with the surrounding tennis courts, football pitches and farmland, was purely because it was out of bounds. That area was truly where I grew up, more than in the rest of the little town's correct and neat suburbia, where my house was.Julie: Until I was twelve I was brought up on airforce camps and each camp had a small playground in the middle of the houses. It was always a great meeting place and I remember sitting with my friends on the swings many evenings until dark. You would often go out and swing for hours until someone else came out. I always liked swinging. Now match each of the people (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.Statements[A] I enjoyed the feeling of flying.[B] I never went straight home from school.[C] I developed sporting skills there.[D] My play area was just outside my classroom.[E] I enjoyed both being alone and with friends.[F] I played in a place dangerous in others' eyes.[G] There were some playground equipment around my play area.

填空题 {{B}}Paragraph 1:{{/B}} Japanese managers believe that change and initiative within an organization should come from those closest to the problem. So they elicit change from below. Top-level Japanese managers see their task as creating an atmosphere in which subordinates are motivated to seek better solutions.{{B}} Paragraph 2:{{/B}} Japanese managers do not view themselves as having all the answers. When a subordinate brings in a proposal, the manager neither accepts nor rejects it. Rather, he tactfully, politely asks questions, makes suggestions, and provides encouragement.{{B}} Paragraph 3:{{/B}} In the Japanese system, junior(middle) managers are initiators who perceive problems and formulate tentative solutions in coordination with others; they are not functional specialists who carry out their boss's directives. Because so much emphasis is placed on coordination and integration, solutions to problems evolve more slowly, but they are known and understood by all those who have been a part of the solution generation process. Horizontal communication is stressed as essential to the coordination of problem-solving efforts.{{B}} Paragraph 4:{{/B}} The Japanese are less inclined to think in terms of absolutes, that is, the solution (which is right) versus the alternatives (which are wrong). Rather, they recognize a range of alternatives, several of which might work and all of which possess advantages and disadvantages. When a group makes a decision, all members become committed to the chosen solution. From a Japanese perspective, that commitment, and the ensuing dedication toward working to make the solution successful, is probably more important than the objective quality of the decision. The Japanese have an interesting concept of consensus. Those who consent to a decision are not necessarily endorsing it. Rather, consent means that each person is satisfied that his point of view has been fairly heard, and although he or she may not wholly agree that the decision is the best one ,he or she is willing to go along with it and even support it.{{B}} Paragraph 5:{{/B}} Japanese managers have a kind of paternalistic attitude toward their employees. Traditionally, Japanese organizations have offered their workers housing, extensive recreational facilities, and life- time employment. The Japanese believe that it is impossible to divorce a worker's personal and professional lives. Good managers express concern for workers as persons with homes and families as well as for the quality of products the workers produce. Managers work alongside their subordinates, counsel them regarding their personal lives, and encourage much peer interaction.{{I}} Now match each of the items (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note :there are two extra statements.{{/I}} {{B}} Statements {{/B}}[A] Consensus as a way of making decisions[B] Top management as facilitator[C] Bottom-up change[D] Top-down initiative[E] Middle management as impetus for and shaper of solutions[F] Concern for employees' personal well-being[G] Likely to think in terms of extremes

填空题Lisa

填空题Barry:

填空题 {{B}}Peter:{{/B}} The future will not determine itself; The future is determined by the actions of the present days. The responsibility we have for the future begins when we recognize that we ourselves create the future--that the future is not something imposed upon us by fate or other forces beyond our control. We ourselves build the future both through what we do and what we do not do.{{B}}Simon:{{/B}} The future will see more unbelievable things. In the future people will be able to predict their performance from the strength of the brain's electrical activity can be measured through the scalp (头皮). Bosses could measure brain activity and tell whether a worker is performing well, working hard, or too tired to do the job properly.{{B}}Alan:{{/B}} In the new century, things around us will be more fascinating. The chemical gelatin (胶原蛋白) in the brain is said to increase your desire for fat, when it is stimulated. This means that disturbances (失调) of this chemical gelatin can lead to overeating. Doctor Green presented an academic paper suggesting that the appetite for fat-rich food can be controlled through drugs that block the effects of galatin.{{B}}Nick:{{/B}} In the future our life will change greatly. It is quite certain that computers will play an important role in our life. You will visit your doctor, and find that he uses a computer screen and visual information about your condition, instead of his note books. Computers in your home will enable you to answer interactive questions about your health and show the alternative results which will affect you if you act in a certain way.{{B}}Julie:{{/B}} In the future, computers will change the way the doctors diagnose (诊断) and treat their patients. Also doctors will change their traditional notion of medicine. Although pulls for tension, heart conditions, being overweight and other life-threatening conditions are prescribed by western doctors, most doctors now require patients to focus on healthy way of living by changing diets and using more exercise as a mean to keep well.{{I}} Now match each of the people (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.{{/I}}{{B}}Statements{{/B}}[A] You build your own future.[B] Healthy lifestyles will be a more popular way.[C] Computer will be an effective tool for doctors.[D] Doctors may not need pills for heart troubles or overweight.[E] Your brain waves may be used to check out your work performance.[F] People will be able to visit doctors more frequently.[G] Our appetite will be well controlled by drugs.

填空题Joho Daly: Watching TV occupies our time to communicate with our families. TV provides a ready means of relaxation for people who spend their days doing routine and busy jobs. As soon as TV enters into our home, most of our free time is controlled by it. What is more, the one-eyed monster requires absolute silence and attention. If any member dares to open his mouth, the others order him to shut up immediately. Therefore we communicate less with our family members. John Courtis: Thanks to hardworking TV workers, we enjoy more TV channels and more colorful TV programs. But a question has arisen: it is difficult for families to choose a common channel because they have different interests. It is inevitable to give rise to quarrel among them. Ian Wright: For instance, a person who watches too many idealized programs may become unrealistic. In addition, unhealthy programs which contain obscene and violent contents may cause people's curiosity. John Wallace: Children can learn a lot of thing by watching TV rather than learning negative things. There are many great programs in TV show, such as science and international. When I was a kid, I had always watched science TV show, especially space. It was easiest to learn what I want by watching TV. Moreover, my friend's kid always watches international program, which shows different countries' kids to speak one word in their own languages. As a result he can say "good morning" with seven different languages. Watching TV enables to learn a lot of things. In other hand, there are many TV shows which are negative effect on children to watch TV. However, parents are able to manipulate TV show by modern technology. Consequently, kids are unable to watch the TV shows that have bad effect on them. John Barnes: TV program provides us much topic to talk within family. For example, when I was kid, before we ate dinner, I always watched TV. Then, we could talk about what I had watched before dinner. Everyone in my house talked one topic. Sometimes we talked about animal. Other day we talked not only nature, but also my parents' wedding through watching TV. As a result, watching TV gave us many topics in our family. Now match each of the persons (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements[A] Families often quarrel over what programs they should watch.[B] Poor-quality TV programs can have severe effects on people's mood and behavior.[C] TV is playing a more and more positive role in modern life.[D] We should reduce the time spent in front of the little screen and spend more time with our families together.[E] We should choose proper programs at proper time for people in different ages.[F] There is a way to learn great education by watching TV.[G] Watching TV is a way to make more conversation with family.

填空题In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It"s difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat. 1 Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria and TB combined. The UN estimates that almost two thirds of the world"s hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world"s most populous continent. 2 Although this region has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the word there are only a tiny number of people who don"t have enough to eat. There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods, and the overuse of farming land. 3 Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. But the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty, which has increased recently due to the financial crisis of 2008. Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. 4 In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population. There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. 5 The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not overeat. A. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. B. More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa. C. All these factors affect food production. D. It takes the effort of every country to fight against world hunger. E. In those places, obesity is a far bigger problem than hunger. F. Those places need far more food than they actually get. G. By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of not having enough to eat.

填空题Artrella

填空题The Return of the King

填空题Hans-Joachim Hell

填空题Manhattan

填空题Manhattan was founded in 1624 as New Netherland. Though it is the smallest in area, at present it is the most important of the boroughs. It has the greatest concentration of business, finance, and entertainment. Brooklyn was founded in 1646 as the little Dutch village of Breuckelen. Today Brooklyn is the second largest borough in area and the most populous area. Brooklyn sometimes is called the borough of homes and churches. But it is also an indispensable port. Almost haft of New York City's foreign trade is handled at Brooklyn's busy water front. Much of the city's heavy industry is located in Brooklyn. The borough is one of the largest manufacturing centers in the United States. Queens was founded in 1645 at Vlissingen( today called Flushing.. It is the largest borough in area. Queens is one of the city's most popular residential areas. The borough is important because of its concentration of railroads and heavy industry in the Long Island City area. New York City's main airports—John F. Kennedy International and La Guardia—are in Queens. The Bronx began as Jonas Bronck's farm in 1641. The Bronx, the second smallest borough in area, is largely residential, although many industries have grown up near the East and Harlem rivers. Staten Island was first called Staaten Eylandt. It began in 1661 with a village called Oude Dorp. This island borough, in New York Bay, was formerly called Richmond. With an area of about 157 square kilometers, its population is the smallest of those of the five boroughs. Staten Island is growing fast; but many small homes and even some farms are still found there. Although the island is mainly residential, many industries are grown up in its northern section.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　StatementsA. It is the location of important airports of New York City.B. Its northern part is the location of industries.C. Almost half of the United States' foreign trade is dealt with in its port.D. It is the greatest center of business, finance and culture.E. It has large residence but is small in area.F. It is famous for its largest transportation.G. It is one of the largest manufacturing centre in the United States.

填空题 Abbey: You can always recognize dieters from the sour expression on their faces. They spend most of their time turning their noses up at food. They are forever consulting calorie charts, gazing at themselves in mirrors, and leaping on to weighing-machines in the bathroom. They spend a lifetime fighting a losing battle against spreading hips, protruding tummies and double chins. What a miserable lot dieters are! Marlin: I began making some dietary and lifestyle changes during my second year of college and have been eating this way ever since. I like the way I feel when I don't eat animal foods so much more than the pleasure I used to get from eating them. I have much more energy; I need less sleep; I feel calmer; I can maintain an ideal body weight without worrying about how much I eat, and I can think more clearly. Maggie: During my first year of college, I gained forty pounds when I began throwing the javelin. For the next twenty years, I carried all of this extra weight and kidded myself that I was in good shape since that's what I weighed in college. Now that I've lost ail that extra weight, I feel great! People say all the time, "Well, how do you live without eating cheeseburgers or this or that?" and I say, "You just don't. It's not even an option. It's not that hard once you get on it." Belinda: If you are on a diet, you're always hungry, You can't be hungry and happy at the same time. All the horrible concoctions you eat instead of food leave you permanently dissatisfied. A complete food it may be, but not quite as complete as juicy steak. So at least three times a day you will be exposed to temptation. How miserable to watch others tucking into piles of mouth watering food while you tuck a water biscuit and sip unsweetened lemon juice! And if hunger just proves too much for you, in the end you will lash out and devour five huge guilt-inducing cream cakes at a sitting. Then things will turn out to be even worse. Wood: I went on diet when my doctor told me that my blood pressure tended to be high. Only at that time did I realize the danger of being overweight. Since I began making dietary changes in 1982, eating this way has become increasingly accepted. I don't feel rye lost something after dieting. Instead, I've got something valuable. That is good health. Now match each of the persons (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.StatementsA. Being on a diet is a torture.B. I feel better with vegetarian food.C. I lost weight after dieting.D. I began dieting for the sake of health.E. Dieting enables people to eat more than they need.F. Dieting simply causes endless worries.G. Dieting does more harm than good to one's health.

填空题He: