单选题Public officials and candidates for public office routinely use public opinion polls to keep track of what the people are thinking. An important question is the degree to which these polls should guide leaders in their actions. There are arguments for and against the use of polls as the basis for policy decisions. Polls can contribute to effective government by keeping political leaders from getting too far out of line with the public"s thinking. In a democratic society, the effectiveness of a public policy often dep. ends on the extent of its public support. When a policy is contrary to the public"s desires, people may choose to disregard or undermine it, thus making it counterproductive or inefficient. Further, when government pursues a course of action with which a large proportion of the public disagrees, it risks a loss of public confidence, which can have a negative effect on its ability to lead. The Reagan administration, flying high from 1981 to 1985 ,was brought low in 1986 by public reaction to news of its secret sales of weapons to Iran. The administration had not paid sufficient attention to polls that revealed the deep antagonism American still felt toward Iran be cause the Ayatollah Khomeini"s regime has held sixty-three American hostages in 1979 - 1981. However, leaders can also do a disservice to the public they represent by using poll results as a substitute for policy judgment. "Effective government", as Walter Lippmann wrote, "cannot be conducted by legislators and officials who, when a question is presented, ask themselves first and last not what is the truth and which is the right and necessary course, but what does the Gallup Poll say?" During his presidential term, Jimmy Carter proposed five consecutive inflation-fighting programs, changing his plans with each shift in public sentiment without having invested the political capital necessary to get Congress and the country behind any of the efforts. The nation -- and Carter -- would probably have been better served by a steadfast commitment to a single course of action.

单选题What is the author's attitude toward high- tech communications equipment? A. Critical. C. Indifferent.B. Prejudiced. D. Positive

单选题 Questions 14～17 are based on the following dialogue between two friends.

单选题Just where exactly is my home? In Britain of course. I was born here, grew up here—I had no choice in the matter. From an early age I got used to the way of life here—after all, how could I survive if I didn’t? I came in contact with the British, I never felt any hostility towards them; I never wanted to cause any offense. But what have I in my turn received? Racial discrimination. This has. been embodied in countless incidents. It was in middle school that racial discrimination was most obvious. I was often the victim of racial taunts. After undergoing such a humiliation, I would feel a mixture of anger and depression. However, the worst thing was knowing hell well that even if I reported this to a teacher. It would be to no avail. Outside school, racial discrimination is far subtler. Some English—it's all over their face. Of course, a British person will probably think I'm paranoid or just too sensitive, a depressive even. Perhaps the latter may have some truth in it. Nevertheless, it is reality that has created this aspect of my character. Besides, how could the average British person possibly understand? Sometimes, doing my best does not necessarily lead to success. Often, this is not duc to myself, but duc to the environment. It's as though I'm a second class citizen. Although my passport is British, I'm a nevertheless Chinese. Is Britain really my country?

单选题When I was there, he was still working. He said that he (41) for the last two hours (42) that he was going to stop (43) . He added that if I had arrived ten minutes later, I (44) at home. When I mentioned that the house looked quite (45) , he said that the woman (46) usually cleaned it had been sick for some time and (47) for over a week. When I asked him (48) he did not do it himself, he said that he (49) to do so if Mrs. Jones did not come the (50) day.

单选题In the 1950s, classroom violence ______.

单选题Committee memberships are assigned mainly according to one's_________.

单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} Every time we open our mouths and speak we label ourselves — I am English, you may be Bulgarian or African. We are all human beings, but sometimes we have communication problems which can lead to suspicion and misunderstanding. If you speak English, you have an advantage. The English language means power and freedom to many. It dominates international relations. It affects nearly all our lives in one way or another, influencing everything from pop music to diplomatic relations. Yet only around 10% of the world's population are native English language speakers. Many of you who are reading now will have struggled to learn the grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation of this very complicated language. But there could be another solution: learning Esperanto. Esperanto, meaning "one who hopes", is an artificial language which is said to be the earliest in the world to learn. It was invented in 1887 by Ludwig Zamnehof, a young Polish optician. The usefulness of Esperanto has been recognized the world over. It is now estimated that around eight million people in over 100 countries have at least some knowledge of it. In Esperanto, we have a language that is easy to learn and fair to all speakers because it belongs not to one nation but to us all. Many people, who have tried to learn other languages and failed, have succeeded in Esperanto because it is so easy. Although it is often seen as a joke and not as an important living language, it has been considered dangerous and governments are sometimes afraid of it. Your view of the world is largely based on the language you speak. If you are French, you have a French view; if you are Chinese, you have a Chinese view, and so on. Peter Miles, a member of the Esperanto Translation Service in England, says that speaking Esperanto gives you a truly international view of the world. He regards himself as a citizen of the world looking down from a satellite circling the earth, who is able to communicate with people all over the world in Esperanto. A nice thought!

单选题Whatwouldthemanprobablydo?

单选题 {{I}} Questions 5 to 7 are based on the following conversation in a bookstore.{{/I}}

单选题{{I}}Questions 18 -21 are based on the following dialogue.{{/I}}

单选题WhydidMissLiuMeiwanttochangejobs?A.Becausesheneededmoretimetostudy.B.BecauseParkHotelwastoofarawayfromherhome.C.BecausetheParkHoteldining-roomwascloseddown.D.Becauseshewasnotsatisfiedwiththepay.

单选题{{B}}Part A{{/B}}{{I}} You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D, and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE. Now look at question 1.{{/I}}

单选题Mother decided ______ Tom away from school. [A] to keep not [B] keep not [C] not to keep

单选题Sleep is part of a person''s daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber, your eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop, your muscles will relax, and your breathing will slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit, too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. Then, about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness, you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep. You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night along, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids as if you were looking at something occurring in front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep that most dreams seem to occur. Provided that you do not wake up during the first REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep — only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.