单选题Life learning(sometimes called un-schooling or self-directed learning)is one of those concepts that are almost easier to explain by saying what it isn't, than what it is． And that's probably because our own schooled backgrounds have convinced us that learning happens only in a dedicated building on certain days, between certain hours, and managed by a specially trained professional． Within that schooling framework, no matter how hard teachers try and no matter how good their textbooks, many bright students get bored, many slower students struggle and give up or lose their self-respect, and most of them reach the end of the process unprepared to enter into society．They have memorized a certain body of knowledge long enough to rush back the information on tests, but they haven't really learned much, at least of the official curriculum． Life learners, on the other hand, know that learning is not difficult, that people learn things quite easily if they're not compelled and forced, if they see a need to learn something, and if they are trusted and respected enough to learn it on their own timetable, at their own speed, in their own way．They know that learning cannot be produced in us and that we cannot produce it in others—no matter what age and no matter whether we're at school or at home． Life learning is independent of time, location or the presence of a teacher．It does not require mom or dad to teach, or kids to work in workbooks at the kitchen table from 9 to noon from September to June．Life learning is learner-driven．It involves living and learning—in and from the real world．It is about exploring, questioning, experimenting, making messes, taking risks without fear of making mistakes, being laughed at and trying again． Furthermore, life learning is about trusting kids to learn what they need to know and about helping them to learn and grow in their own ways．It is about providing positive experiences that enable children to understand the world and their culture and to interact with it．

单选题Companies with large scale need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, with a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums require from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, persuading people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. Thus they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. Only by doing so can they put into circulation the savings of individuals both at home and abroad. When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other savers who is earnest to invest his money. A lot of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. The governments at all levels furnish us with hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, equipment and other new development. The money raised through taxes alone can't serve us properly. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to support major capital expenses, and they too, come to the Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose living standard does not rely on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, the money needed must be gathered from the public at home or abroad. The Stock Exchange exists to supply a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.

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单选题The author feels that consumers of the mass media should be taught at an early age to ______.

单选题 Play is the principal business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development. In recent years' research on infant development has shown the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toys should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others. By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years—the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys. Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same thing to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed—to a child of nine or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.

单选题{{I}}Questions 22-25 are based on the following dialogue.{{/I}}

单选题Everyone knows how the story of Cinderella ends, but did you ever really think about how she spent her days before she met the prince? Her daily routine was not fascinating. She did everything from sweeping the floor to cooking the meals. If someone had asked Cinderella," Are there any kinds of household work that you particularly hate?" She probably would have answered," Why, none, of course. Housework is my duty!" In the real world, however, most people have definite dislikes for certain sorts of household work. Two of these tasks are ironing clothes and washing dishes. Ironing clothes is most hated because it is not a task that can be completed quickly or thoughtlessly. Each piece of clothing must be handled individually, so ironing a basket of laundry can take hours! After ironing a piece of clothing with great caution, which requires smoothing out the fabric, and following the seams, you need to place it on a hanger as soon as possible. If you do not follow these directions carefully, it might become wrinkled and you have to start over. Perhaps that is why ironing is not a favorite thing to do. It calls for extreme attention to detail from beginning to end. Another household job that many people dislike is washing dishes. Of course, some people claim that this work is no longer a problem because we have dishwashers now! However, no one would argue that dishes, silverware, and especially pots and pans washed in a dishwasher don't come out as clean as they do when washed by hand. For this reason, many of us continue to wash our dishes by hand, but we are not necessarily happy doing it. Cleaning dishes is a job that not only takes a lot of energy but also requires the patience to wash and dry them. In addition, unlike ironing clothes, washing dishes is a thing that usually must be done every day. I don't know how Cinderella felt about this particular task, but I believe that most people hate it as much as I do.

单选题Billy was four years old and he was a very clever boy. He liked playing in the open air very much. Every day after lunch his mother told him to stay at home. She took him to his bedroom and put him on his bed to rest for an hour, but Billy never slept and usually he made a lot of noise and got off his bed every few minutes. One afternoon, Billy's mother put him on his bed and then went to her bedroom to do some reading. After ten minutes, she heard a noise, so she went to Billy's room. He was not there, but his trousers were lying on his bed. She looked in the other rooms upstairs, but he was not there either, so she went to the balcony(阳台)and shunted down angrily, "Are you running about down there without your trousers?" "No, my dear, "answered her husband. "I have bought some vegetables and I am wearing my trousers. " Now, Billy was playing in the garden without his trousers.

单选题Questions 22-25 are based on the following interview with Emily Galash, a high school student who works part-time as a trendspotter.

单选题听下面2套对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

单选题The author ________.

单选题Whatdoesthemanmean?

单选题 {{B}}Text{{/B}} Sometimes, people{{U}} (9) {{/U}}your life and you realize that they are there{{U}} (10) {{/U}}some purpose, to{{U}} (11) {{/U}}you a lesson, or to help you{{U}} (12) {{/U}}who you are or who you want to become. You' d never know who these people{{U}} (13) {{/U}}be, your friend, your classmate, your neighbor, your co-worker, your teacher, or{{U}} (14) {{/U}}a stranger, but they will deeply{{U}} (15) {{/U}}your life in some way. And sometimes things{{U}} (16) {{/U}}to you that may seem{{U}} (17) {{/U}}, painful and horrible at first, but {{U}}(18) {{/U}}, you realize that without{{U}} (19) {{/U}}those difficulties you would never know your strength, {{U}}(20) {{/U}}or potential. Everything happens for a{{U}} (21) {{/U}}. Nothing happens by{{U}} (22) {{/U}}or by means of good luck. Illness, great achievement, love, injury and failure all come to{{U}} (23) {{/U}}the limits of your soul. Without these tests, life would be like a straight and flat road, but it goes{{U}} (24) {{/U}}. It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and completely{{U}} (25) {{/U}}. Those people who affect your life, and the failure and the success you experience can help you to create who you are and who you become. Even the bad experiences can{{U}} (26) {{/U}}from. In fact, they are the most important ones. If someone breaks your heart, or hurts you, please{{U}} (27) {{/U}}them, for they helped you to learn about the importance of being careful when you open your heart. If someone loves you, love them{{U}} (28) {{/U}},because they are teaching you to love and how to open your heart and eyes to things. …

单选题______ happened to be no one in the building when the fire broke out.