单选题Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

单选题The cohesiveness(内聚力)of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force, however, working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours—what we here call "shift work"—makes the lives of families difficult. Existing research shows that both male and female shift workers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shift work couples still maintain a traditional attitude to the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do "whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage, including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed, even when wives worked outside their homes, a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to support the family; wives are "homemakers" who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children. The women"s definitions of a "good husband" are typified by the following wife"s response: I expect him to be a good provider, and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me, expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking, when it"s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything. To husbands, a good wife is someone who is: Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work, I hope I get it at work, I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don"t want her to give me a lot of shit when I come home from work because I don"t know if this makes much sense. These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shift workers.

单选题With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit ______.

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单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} Mistakes are the things that nobody wants, but we still make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. Some are about work or jobs. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?" "When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it as a friend7 Or did he envy my luck?" "And why didn't Andy pick up that I was friendly just because 1 had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late. Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. We need to listen and think for some time. And if we don't really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You're a lucky dog" that's being friendly. But "lucky dog" ? There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck. "Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night. How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

单选题There are at least two causes of anxiety: conflict and stress. As an example of the former, we can rarely predict the precise consequences of what we do, but we are awarded (oz cursed) with the intellectual capacity to anticipate the advantages and disadvantages which may arise for any action we may be contemplating. Very commonly we axe faced with a choice between several courses of action, all of which we have reasons for or against. This state of affairs -- in psychological jargon, multiple approach-avoidance conflict -- accounts for a great deal of our worrying: worrying, that is, about what to do. The other major source of worry is the dreadful things which may happen or have happened to us or to those we care for. Among the most stressful of these are death, illness, loss of work, money problems, marital problems and retirement. Such worries have a rational basis, but we are curiously irrational in the way we pursue them. For example, fear of death is as strong among young adults as among the elderly and it does not seem to be reduced by any sort of religious faith, including the belief that there is life after death. It is equally surprising that objective measures of anxiety suggest that we are as worried the hour before having a tooth filled as when we face a major medical operation. How do we deal with worries? Psychiatrists point to a number of defensive devices we can use to turn them aside. We can avoid the situations which induce them, one of the example being that some people refuse to fly in airplanes. We can deny that we have the worry at all, which may be risky if the worry is well-founded. Alternatively, we may repress it. These are hazardous; the former may lead to free-floating, clinical anxiety, while the latter is a way of saying that many physical troubles seem to be primarily emotional in origin. Temporary relief from anxiety can be obtained through engaging in a variety of coping behaviors. These include many of the commonest items of our behavioral repertoire. Smoking, drinking, sleeping, eating, taking physical exercise, daydreaming: all can be used to reduce anxiety when the occasion demands it. It is when they fail that worrying or anxiety threatens to become a clinical problem. Of course, some people worry more than others, whatever the circumstances. So far I have been discus- sing the state of anxiety, which is largely the product of the amount of stress an individual experiences. But anxiety is also a personality trait, closely related to Eysenck's neuroticism dimension, and the genes we inherit may make us likely become worriers. The importance of constitutional factors is underlined by the fact that people rarely have breakdowns for the first time later in life, despite the fact that stress-inducing events become more frequent as we get older.

单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} The free enterprise has produced a technology capable of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances, however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of goods and services. Along with progress, too, have come some instances of manipulative advertising practices and a great increase in products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to evaluate. Today's consumers buy, enjoy, use and discard more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yet too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer's finished product or their own motivation in selecting one product over another. Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they cannot afford. The consequent overburdening of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels. It is not unusual for families to allocate 20 percent or more of their income to debt repayments without understanding the effect this allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without adequate reserves. In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers arc sometimes faced with unfair and deceptive practices. Although there are laws designed to protect the consumers, there is not a sufficient number a law enforcers to cover all the abuses of the marketplace. An adult in today's society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. He should understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when entering into financial agreements. He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him to discern the honest from the deceptive. He should be knowledgeable about consumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance.

单选题Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Sheinvitesthemantoapotlucknextweekend.B.Sheasksthemantohelpherwiththegardening.C.Sheisnotfreetoday.D.SheagreestomeetthemannextSaturday.

单选题How long will the adults and teenagers in this program live together?

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单选题 {{I}}Questions 14-17 are based on the following dialogue.{{/I}}

单选题 Man cannot continue {{U}}(26) {{/U}}his numbers {{U}}(27) {{/U}} the present rate. In the {{U}}(28) {{/U}} thirty years man will face a period of crisis. {{U}}(29) {{/U}} experts believe that there will be a widespread food {{U}}(30) {{/U}} Other experts think this is {{U}}(31) {{/U}} pessimistic, and that man can keep things {{U}}(32) {{/U}} worse than they are now. But {{U}}(33) {{/U}} that two thirds of the people in the world are undernourished or starving now. One thing that man can do is to limit {{U}}(34) {{/U}} of babies born. The need {{U}}(35) {{/U}} this is obvious, but it is not easy to achieve. People have to {{U}}(36) {{/U}} to limit their families. In the countries of the population {{U}}(37) {{/U}} ,many people like big families. The parents think that this {{U}}(38) {{/U}} a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look {{U}}(39) {{/U}} them in old age. Several governments have {{U}}(40) {{/U}} birth control policies in recent years. {{U}}(41) {{/U}}them are Japan, China, India and Egypt. In some {{U}}(42) {{/U}} the results have not been {{U}}(43) {{/U}} . Japan has been an exception. The Japanese adopted a birth control policy in 1948. People {{U}}(44) {{/U}} to limit their families. The birth rate fell from 34.3 per thousand per year to about 17.0 per thousand per year {{U}}(45) {{/U}}.