单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题When Amber Post started graduate school in physics at Princeton, her goal was the same as her male colleagues': a teaching post at a major university. Now with her Ph.D. just a year away, Post is thinking instead about working for a policy-marking agency in Washington. Although Princeton, with Shirley Tilghman as the president, is welcoming to female scientists, Post senses that her reception in the larger academic world might be chillier. At famous universities, the percentage of women earning doctor's degrees in science and engineering is considerably higher than the percent-age of women professors—which means that a lot of talented women Ph.D. s like Post leave campus for jobs in government or industry instead of climbing the teaching ladder. Stopping this female brain drain has been a challenge for years. At a recent academic conference, Harvard president Lawrence Summers suggested that women aren't succeeding because they lack ability in math and science by nature. His comments drew immediate criticism. Indeed, scientists have uncovered some differences in male and female brains, but it's unclear how these differences affect talent. Summers proposed two other possible problems for women: the conflict between work and life, and absolute prejudice against women (which he seemed to dismiss). Many women scientists blame these two problems for the lack of women professors. Junior teachers need to spend their 20s and 30s on research and publication. Those are the same years when women have children. Time is an enemy for women in other professions, especially law and medicine. But while women doctors and lawyers benefit from lots of successful role models, academic science continues to belong to men chiefly. "The atmosphere isn't compelling or welcoming, "Post says. "Too many of my female friends drop out of graduate programs simply because the environment is disappointing, not because they can't handle the math. " Even against this background, there has been some progress. More universities are pushing hard with stepped-up recruitment efforts and trying hard to assist staff members with young families. But ultimately, the best remedy against prejudice would be more women on top, like Princeton's Tilghman.

单选题Whatisthewomanplanningtodo?

单选题 Medicine comes in many forms. In its liquid form, medicine affects the body very quickly. But the effects of liquid medicine arch' t usually long-lasting. This is why pills and capsules (胶囊) are also used. The pills and capsules being sold today arch' t perfect, either. Pills dissolve in the stomach. The medicine in the pills is released when the pills dissolve. But often, the pills dissolve too quickly. Scientists have been trying to develop a pill that can release medicine slowly over a long period of time. They have applied their knowledge of plants to produce the "osmotic (渗透的) pump pill". The cell walls of plants are made of cellulose (纤维素). Cellulose is a very porous substance. Their holes are big enough to allow water through the cell walls. As water enters a cell, pressure builds up in the cell. The pressure pumps other substances out of the cell. These substances leave the cell through the cellulose wall. This slow, steady process is called osmosis. The osmotic pump pill is coated with synthetic cellulose. Liquid medicine is contained in the pill. The holes in the cellulose coating of the pill are big enough to allow water in the pill. As water from the body enters the pill, pressure builds up in the pill. The medicine is then slowly pumped out of the pill.

单选题Whatdidthewoman'ssondo?

单选题 Text All over the world, forests are safeguarding the health of the planet itself. They do this (26) protecting the soil, providing water and (27) the climate. Trees (28) soil to mountainsides. Hills (29) the trees have been felled lose 500 times as (30) soil a year as those with trees. Trees catch and (31) rainwater. Their leaves break the impact (32) the rains, robbing them of (32) destructive power. The roots of trees allow the water to go into the soil, (34) gradually releases it to flow down rivers and refill ground-water reserves. Where there are no (35) , the rains run in sheets of water off the land, (36) the soil with there Land (37) with trees and other plants (38) 20 times more rainwater than (39) earth. As they grow, trees absorb carbon dioxide, the main (40) of the "greenhouse effect", which (41) irreversibly to change the world's climate. Together, the world's trees, plants and soils contain three times as much carbon as (42) is in the atmosphere. The world's forests (43) the vast majority of its animal and plant species. The tropical rainforests (44) have well over half of them, (45) they cover only about 6% of the Earth's land surface.

单选题Questions 18-21 are based on the following passage.

单选题 Text When my wife, who is a Spanish spent her first winter in London a few years ago, she used to ask me time and again, "Where's the fog?" Almost all foreigners (26) to find the city wreathed in yellow-gray mist for most of the year. Dickens, who was. (27) responsible for painting this (28) in people's minds, certainly wasn't exaggerating in those days, People (29) in the nineteenth century that when someone. (30) suicide by jumping into the Thames he has chocked by the fog and poisoned by the terrible (31) of the river before he had time to drown himself. In fact, the situation (32) in recent years. When I was a boy in London city 30 years ago I was often unable to see (33) of the road when I left home on winter mornings. The decisive steps that have turned London into one of the (34) cities in the world (35) taken at the end of the 1950s. But Londoners still (36) that fog (37) returns. The change took place as a result of two main improvements. Factories are compelled to install clean equipment (38) close down, and private householders were not allowed to (39) coal unless it was smoke-free. But the (40) ecological miracle in London occurred (41) 1964 onwards when the Thames Water Authority began to pump vast (42) of dissolved oxygen into the river. (43) , all the species of fish that had gradually disappeared from the Thames (44) 1, 800 have returned. Some are even caught by fishermen (45) the House of Parliament.

单选题{{I}} You will hear one dialogue or monologue. Before listening, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing[A], [B], [C], or[D]. You will hear ONLY ONCE. {{/I}} {{I}} Questions 5 to 9 are based on the following conversation.{{/I}}

单选题Wherearethetwospeakers?

单选题Is our pen on the desk ______ in the desk? A. of B. and C. or

单选题Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.

单选题Whatledtotheconversation?A.Arecentlocalstorm.B.Arecentradioprogram.C.Acoursethespeakersaretaking.D.Researchbeingdonebyoneofthespeakers.