单选题Whatistheman'schiefresponsibilityintheGreenPeaceorganization?A.He'sinvolvedinanti-nuclearactivity.B.He'sresponsibleforconservationandprotectionofanimals.C.He'stheactionorganizerandarrangesanyprotests.D.He'sinvolvedinprotectionandsupportoftheeco-system.

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} The "standard of living" of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country's standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: "goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and entertainment. A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a county's natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The USA is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she had vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy. Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was unable to develop her resources. Sound political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country's people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.

单选题For four days in hilly fields near this country town, thousands of men will wear brocaded wool uniforms in the summer heat, smoke smelly cheroots by camp fires, pitch canvas tents, eat dried beef — and wage war. Some 5,000 weekend warriors plan to reenact the first major battle of the American Civil War not far from where it took place, 48 kilometers west of Washington 125 years ago. The American Civil War Commemorative Committee of Culpeper, Virginia, the event's sponsor, bills this as the biggest battle reenactment ever held in the United States. While the real north-south clash was fought out in one day, on July 21,1861, the replay will stretch out over four, including preliminary encampment, from July 17—20. Those arranging the rerun of the first Battle of Manassas, as Southerners call it the Battle of Bull Run to Northerners, expect over 50,000 Civil War buffs to watch the fighting roll across a 200-hectare tract. Some 1,500 artillery shells and a half million rounds of small-arms ammunition will be fired in the mock battle. A special effects company is arranging to set off explosions across the landscape, Hollywood war-film fashion, in counterpoint to thunderous fire cannons, some of which were used in the original battle. Jack Thompson, a director of the sponsoring committee, says dozens of mock Civil War military units have been created since interest was fanned in the 1960s when reenactments took place on a smaller scale to commemorate the war's centenary. He said these groups, mostly in the south but with delegations from areas as far off as Scotland, Ireland and West Germany, strive to duplicate the uniforms, weapons and lifestyles of 1860s. Organiser Nancy Niero says everything has to be original, or reproduced as precisely as possible. Most authentic Civil War uniforms are too worn, too delicate or too small to fit the modern man, but some of the distinctive originals have been lovingly preserved and now serve as models for exact replicas. Cheating will be barred. That means a ban on using any sort of clothing, equipment, food or drink which did not exist during the real Civil War. Smokers, for instance, must shun cigarettes. Canned beer, soda and pre packed food are all out, but a spokeswoman said, "I guess if anyone gets hurt, we'll use antibiotics. We won't use leeches./

单选题Questions 14—16 are based on the following talk on a dialogue between a man and a woman. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 14—16.

单选题 　　A major reason for conflict in the animal world is territory. The male animal{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}an area. The size of the area is sufficient to provide food for him, his{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}and their offspring. Migrating birds, for example, divide up the best territory in the order of "first come, first{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}" The late arrivals may acquire{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}territories, but less food is{{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}, or they are too close to the{{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the enemies of the species. When there is conflict over territory, animals will commonly use force, or a{{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}of force, to decide which will stay and which will go. It is interesting to note, however, that animals seem to use only the{{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}amount of force necessary to drive away the intruder. There is usually no killing. In the{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}of those animals which are capable of doing each other harm, there is a {{U}}{{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}for the losing animal to show the{{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}animal that he wishes to submit. When he shows this, the{{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}normally stops fighting. Animals (especially birds), which can easily escape from conflict seem to have no{{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}against killing, and equally no{{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}for{{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The losing bird simply flies away. However, if two doves age{{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}in a cage, and they start fighting, they will{{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}to fight until one kills the other. We all think of the dove{{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}a{{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}of peace and, in its natural habitat, it is peaceful. But the "peace" mechanism does not{{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}in a cage.

单选题 Only three strategies are available for controlling cancer: prevention, screening and treatment. Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other types of cancer. A major cause of the disease is not {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}known; there is no good evidence that screening is much helpful, and treatment {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}in about 90 percent of all cases. At present, therefore, the main strategy must be {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. This may not always be true, of course, as for some other types of cancer, research {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}the past few decades has produced (or suggested) some importance in prevention, screening or treatment. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}, however, we consider not what research may one day offer but what today's knowledge could already deliver that is not being delivered, then the most practicable and cost-effective opportunities for {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. premature death from cancer, especially lung cancer, probably involve neither screening nor improved {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, but prevention. This conclusion does not depend on the unrealistic assumption that we can {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}tobacco. It merely assumes that we can reduce cigarette sales appreciably by raising prices or by {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the type of education that already appears to have a {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}effect on cigarette assumption by whitecollar workers and that we can substantially reduce the amount of tar {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}per cigarette. The practicability of preventing cancer by such measures applies not only in those countries, {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}, the United States of America, because cigarette smoking has been common for decades, 25 to 30 percent of all cancer deaths now involves lung cancer, but also in those where it has become {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}only recently. In China, lung cancer {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}accounts for only 5 to 10 percent of all cancer deaths. This is because it may take as much as half a century {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}the rise in smoking to increase the incidence to lung cancer. Countries where cigarette smoking is only now becoming widespread can expect enormous increase in lung cancer during the 1990's or early in the next century, {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}prompt effective action is taken against the habit-indeed, such increase is already plainly evident in parts of the {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}. There are four reasons why the prevention of lung cancer is of such overwhelming importance: First, the disease is extremely common, causing more deaths than any other type of cancer now {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}; Secondly, it is generally incurable; Thirdly, effective, practicable measures to reduce its incidence are already reliably known; and finally, {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}tobacco consumption will also have a substantial {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}on many other diseases.

单选题 Questions 11～13 are based on a story about a man and his pet bird. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11～13.

单选题You can"t beat it, but you don"t have to join it. Maybe it got the name common cold because it"s more common in winter. The fact is, though, being cold doesn"t have anything to do with getting one. Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses, and, at least so far, medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one. Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults, because they have more colds than adults—an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their parents? Simple. They haven"t had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses. There are more than 150 different cold viruses, and you never have the same one twice. Being infected by one makes you immune to it—but only it. Colds are usually spread by direct contact, not sneezing or coughing. From another person"s hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route. The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy, although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces. Hygiene is your best defense. Wash your hands frequently preferably with a disinfectant soap, especially when children in your household have colds. But even careful hygiene won"t ward off every cold. So, what works when a coughing, sneezing, runny nose strikes? The old prescription of two aspirins, lots of water, and bed rest is a good place to start. But you"ll also find some of the folk remedies… worth using. Hot mixtures of sugar (or honey), lemon, and water have real benefits.

单选题The statement "In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily." suggests that

单选题Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 - 13.

单选题Questions 11--13 are based on a report about children's healthy development. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11--13.

单选题 Questions 17--20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17--20.

单选题In order to make children have good behavior, what should the adults do?

单选题When is the best time of a woman's life, as Beth Orton was told?

单选题What gives people who buy on credit more pleasure?