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单选题It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals ________.

单选题In 1992, Time Warner caused public outrage because it

单选题Questions 18-20 are based on a monologue about an Australian city of Perth. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18-20.

单选题Questions 11～13 are based on a conversation between two college classmates, You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11～13.

单选题{{B}}Passage 4{{/B}} Although there had been various small cameras developed, it was not until George Eastman introduced the Kodak in 1888 that the mass appeal of photography attracted America and Europe and thereafter spread quickly to the far corners of the earth. Eastman called his new famous camera the Kodak for no particular reason except that he liked the word. It was easy to remember and could be pronounced in any language. An immediate consequence of Eastman's invention was a blizzard of amateur photographs that soon became known as snapshots. The word came from hunters' jargon. When a hunter fired a gun from the hip, without taking careful aim, it was described as a snapshot. Photographers referred to the process of taking pictures as shooting, and they would take pride in a good day's shoot the way country gentlemen would boast about the number of birds brought down in an afternoon. Photography became not only easy but fun because of the Kodak. Almost overnight photography became one of the world's most popular hobbies. A new and universal folk art was born; the showing of one's latest pictures and the creation of family albums became popular social pastimes. Camera clubs and associations numbered their members in the millions. One ardent amateur was the French novelist Emile Zola, who took a lot of photographs of his family, friends, and travels. Interviewed about his favorite hobby in 1900, he observed, "I think you cannot say you have thoroughly seen anything until you have got a photograph of it." "The little black box," as the Kodak was affectionately dubbed, revolutionized the way people communicated. "A picture is worth a thousand words" was the claim and there were literally billions of pictures. In one year alone -- 1988, the centenary of the invention of the Kodak -- it is estimated that almost thirty billion were taken in America alone. The impact of the sale of photographic equipment on the economy is equally mind-boggling. Photography has played an essential role in the media revolution. It has greatly enhanced our ability to convey information, so that the concept of the global village has become a commonplace. Photographs have greatly extended our understanding of and compassion for our fellow human beings. Did Mr. Eastman have the faintest idea of the power residing in his "little black box"?

单选题Air is to humans ______ water is to fish, A. that B. as C. what D. which

单选题In the author's opinion, what is the last product of civilization?

单选题America's love affair with the credit card began in 1949. When businessman Frank McNamara finished a meal in a New York restaurant and then discovered he had no cash. In those days, gasoline and store charge cards were common, but cash was standard for almost everything else. McNamara called his wife, who rushed over to bail him out. His embarrassment gave him the idea for Diners Club. Within a year some 200 people carried the world's first multi-use card. For an annual fee of $5, these card holders could charge meals at 27 restaurants in and around New York City. By the end of 1951 more than a million dollars had been charged on the growing number of cards, and the company was soon turning a profit. The problem was to persuade enough people to carry the cards. Diners Club turned to promotions. It gave away a round-the-world trip on a popular television show. The winners charged their expenses and made it "from New York to New York without a dime in their pocket". By 1955 the convenience of charging was catching on in a big way. The first to turn a profit was Bank of America's Bank Americard. Bankers from all over the country descended on its California headquarters to learn the secret of its success—so many that in 1966 Bank Americard began forming alliances with banks outside the state. Five million holiday credit card shoppers would have created a bonanza for banks, but in the dash to market, the banks had been less than cautious in assembling their lists. Some families received 15 cards. Dead people and babies got cards. Hundreds of Chicagoans discovered they could use or sell a card they "found" and by law, the person whose name appeared on it was liable for the charges—even if he or she had never requested of received the card. The disaster sparked a movement to regulate the industry. Public Law 91-508, signed by President Nixon in October 1970, prohibited issuers from sending cards to people who hadn't requested them at all but eliminated card-holder liability for charges on a card reported lost or stolen. Later, the Fair Credit Billing Act set standard procedures for resolving billing disputes. Of course, Credit cards have not only replaced cash for many purposes, but also in effect have created cash by making it instantly available virtually everywhere. Experts estimate there are from 15,000 to 19,000 different cards available in his country. So the revolution that began in 1949 with an embarrassed businessman who was out of cash now seems complete. What Alfred Bloomingdale, then president of Diners Club, predicted more than 30 years ago seems to have come true: an America where "there will be only two classes of people—those with credit and those who can't get them./

单选题 {{I}}Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 17-20.{{/I}}

单选题ThefirstprogramofVOAwasbroadcastin______。A.EnglishB.FrenchC.SpanishD.German

单选题What is the author's attitude towards the" 10-minute cup of coffee" method?