单选题

单选题Questions 11 to I3 are based on the following talk on different superstitions and customs. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 to 13.

单选题 Text 2 The "standard of living" of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country's standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: "goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and entertainment. A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country's natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favourable climate; other regions possess none of them. The USA is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy. Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country's people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to produce more goods in their working day. A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example, Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural product that would otherwise be lacking. A country's wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.

单选题Although social changes in the United States were being wrought throughout most of the nineteenth century, public awareness of the changes increased to new levels in the 1890's. The acute, growing public awareness of the social changes that had been taking place for some time was tied to tremendous growth in popular journalism in the late nineteenth century, including growth in quantity and circulation of both magazines and newspapers. These developments, in addition to the continued growth of cities, were significant factors in the transformation of society from one characterized by relatively isolated self-contained communities into an urban, industrial nation. The decade of the 1870's, for example, was a period in which the sheer number of newspapers doubled, and by 1880 the New York Graphic had published the first photographic reproduction in a newspaper, portending a dramatic rise in newspaper readership. Between 1882 and 1886 alone, the price of daily newspapers dropped from four cents a copy, to one cent, made possible in part by a great increase in demand. Furthermore, the introduction in 1890 of the first successful linotype machine promised even further growth. In 1872 only two daily newspapers could claim a circulation of over 100, 000, but by 1892 seven more newspapers exceeded that figure. A world beyond the immediate community was rapidly becoming visible. But it was not newspapers alone that were bringing the new awareness to people in the United States in the late nineteenth century. Magazines as they are known today began publication around 1882, and, in fact, the circulation of weekly magazines exceeded that of newspapers in the period which followed. By 1892, for example, file circulation of the Ladies' Home Journal had reached an astounding 700, 000. An increase in book readership also played a significant part in this general trend. For example, Edward Bellamy's utopian novel, Looking Backward, sold over a million copies in 1888, giving rise to the growth of organizations dedicated to the realization of Bellamy's vision of the future. The printed word, unquestionably, was intruding on the insulation that had characterized United States society in an earlier period.

单选题Text 1 All that fault-finding about lowering cholesterol and eating less fat must finally be paying off. According to a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, more Americans are eating a healthy diet now than 30 years ago. In tact, according to researchers from the University of North Carolina, just about the only people who ate right in the mid-1960s were poor black people, who simply couldn't afford the steaks and high-protein meals that were then considered the most nutritious. According to survey data collected by the US Department of Agriculture, more than 16% of poor black people in 1965 ate a healthy diet, compared with less than 5% of high-income whites. And what constitutes a healthy diet? Less than 30% of calories from tat. Five or more servings a day of fruits and vegetables. Six or more helpings of legumes (peas and beans) and cereals. Exactly the diet that rich health-conscious people started adopting in the US in the 1980s. There's still a long way to go, however. Although both high-income and low-income Americans have cut about 5% of the fat from their diet, they haven't replaced it with fruits, vegetables, grains and legumes. By 1991 only 20% to 22% of the general population was eating a healthy diet. Indeed, among poor blacks, the average number of seI',Tings of grains and legumes declined from six to five servings a day, and now equals the number consumed by whites. "The message about lowering fat has been heard," says Barry Popkin, a professor of nutrition at the University of North Carolina who led the study, which was funded in part by the Kellogg Corp. "But we haven't been as loud and clear on fiber, sodium, fruits and vegetables, grains and legumes./

单选题{{I}}Questions 17～20 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17～20.{{/I}}

单选题 From China to America, political leaders are wondering how to handle with the newly-elected Russian President Vladimir V. Putin. The 47-year-old leader has not yet to reveal details of his foreign-policy vision, but this is much clear. He wants Russia to stand tall—or at least, taller—in the world. "It would be unreasonable to be afraid of a strong Russia, but one should reckon with it, "he declared in an "open letter" to voters shortly after they elected him on March 26. "One can insult us only at one's own peril." The important point is whether Putin's efforts to build new respect for Russia will lead to confrontation with the West. For now, Putin seems hopeful of putting Russian—Western relations on a better standing— despite U.S. and European criticism of the Chechen War. Putin is the one taking the initiative, media say, for a tete-a-tete with U. S. President Bill Clinton. The pair discussed a possible meeting when Clinton called Putin on March 27 to congratulate him. They hope to meet before the July Group of Eight meetimg in Okinawa. "Putin wants it to be constructive," says Robert Legvold, a Russia watcher at Columbia University. The new president, Putin seems willing to negotiate arms control and security issues with Washington. Clinton wants Russia's agreement to revise the 1972 anti-ballistic missile treaty so that the U. S. can build a limited national missile defense. Putin would want something in return—perhaps the right to sell its missile-defense technology to potential customers such as South Korea. Putin is also looking for a deal from the Paris Club of creditor governments on reducing $40 billion in Soviet debt. Encouraged by Putin's promises to enforce the rule of law, the creditors are likely to give him a break. Any sober calculation of Russia's global status suggests that Russia needs the West more than the West needs Russia. And whatever is generally thought, Russia has more to gain from America and Europe than it does from China. That's why the West should be unafraid of laying down rules for Putin—and brace for a time of testing. Putin is often described as both an opportunist and a cynic, but there is no doubt one attribute that he respects: power.

单选题 {{I}} Questions 18 to 20 are based on a short talk about bus. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18 to 20.{{/I}}

单选题The students were participating ______ an international energy-saving competition between towns in New England and Canada.

单选题What is the most suitable title for the text?

单选题According to the author, a nation's wealth depends upon______.

单选题Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthatthestudentsshoulddoduringtheterm?A.Consultwithherfrequently.B.Usethecomputerregularly.C.Occupythecomputerearly.D.Waitforone'sturnpatiently.

单选题Injuries can happen at any time, any place. When they do occur everyone likes to get the best treatment to help them heal quickly and properly. For athletes, the need to receive proper medical care is crucial in order for them to continue their sports careers. Athletes depend on the knowledge of doctors who are specially trained in sports medicine, which is a field of medicine that has grown rapidly since 1950s. Sports medicine is more than just the treatment of injuries. It is also concerned with the prevention of injuries, the maintaining of a proper diet, the creation of individual exercise programs for an athlete and the mental preparation of the athlete. In general, sports medicine is relevant to all aspects of monitoring athletes while they are in training. The field of sports medicine includes nutrition, surgery, physical therapy, research, and orthopedics, which is the correction or cure of disease or deformities of bones, joints and muscles. The doctors who specialize in sports medicine are called sports traumatologists. These experts' specialize in the care of injuries to the musculoskeletal system. They do physical examination, diagnose injuries, and refer patients to surgeons if necessary. Although people have been interested in sports medicine for many years, it actually became more specialized after World War Ⅱ, with great developments in the 1960s and 1970s. The modem idea of complete care for the athlete emerged from the widespread surge in sports participation over this time period. The field of sports medicine is very broad because there are so many types of sports injuries and because each individual athlete's body is different-their make-up, build, immune system, etc. Because of this, virtually every injury is treated in a different way. As injuries continue to occur and the sports medicine field grows, recovery methods are becoming more advanced. Two of the more modern methods of treatment are the hyperbaric chamber and magnetic resonance imaging. A hyperbaric chamber is a cylindrical steel tube into which a person can enter. Inside the chamber, the athlete is exposed to high levels of oxygen. This promotes oxygenation of the blood and speeds recovery time. Use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in medicine began in the early 1980s. MRI presents a hazard-free way to get images of thin slices of the body and a reliable method of detecting injuries. It is a superior imaging technique because it doesn't use radiation or need any special dyes. MRI uses magnets to concentrate and focus on small areas of the body, which produces detailed images. Besides being used to diagnose sports injuries, MRI is capable of producing high-contrast pictures of the brain, heart, liver, kidneys and can detect things such as tumors. It is quite possible that with the increased interest in sports, the field of sports medicine will become even more specialized. Sports medicine continues to grow and take care of the needs of athletes from the professional playing in front of a stadium full of people to the person working out at their local health club.

单选题______ must have academic achievement in certain subject.

单选题Whatisthemainproblemcausedbytheusualwayofplowing?A.Thecrop'sbloomingperiodisdelayed.B.Therootsofcropsarecutoff.C.Thetopsoilisseriouslydamaged.D.Thegrowthofweedsisaccelerated.

单选题Nancy isn't here. It's my mistake. I forgot all about____ her.

单选题Stressed out by modern life? Try a visit to the defiantly anachronistic fiefdom of Sark, a four-square-mile cluster of rock out-crops in the English Channel. People here have lived at their own pace since 1565, when Elizabeth I gave the islanders virtual independence in return for a promise to fend off invaders. The hereditary overlord, the seigneur, still rents his fiefdom from the crown for a token sum of￡1.79 a year. Cars are banned. So is divorce. No one but the seigneur is allowed to keep pigeons or a female dog. Not all of Sark's ways are so charming. A man can legally thrash his wife with a cane if it's no thicker than his little finger. Still, most of Sark's 600 or so inhabitants live placidly, reveling in their time-warped (an tax-free) seclusion. "We have no crime and no unemployment, "says Werner Rang, 79, a member of the island's 40-member Parliament, Chief Pleas. "Sark is the envy of many people who like our quality of life." Even so, the place is changing. Last month the queen formally approved a radical update of the islands' ancient property laws. As of next week--for the first time in history--landowners will be free to leave property to their daughters, Until now, the womenfolk could inherit only if there were no sons. But that was before a wealthy pair of mainland-born brothers, David and Frederick Barclay, waged a bitter three-year,￡1.75 million legal battle to revise the law so their children--three sons and a daughter--could share the family estate, an outlying 160-acre island purchased in 1993. The brothers won--sort of late last year, under threat of action at the European Court of Human Rights, Chief Pleas voted to reform Sark's law of primogeniture. The inheritance laws now ignore gender. But land still can't be parceled out among multiple heirs. And the dispute has hardly endeared the Barclays to the locals. "I think they (the brothers) are a pain in the butt," says Mary Collins, a 59-year-old resident. Not that the Barclays were ever too popular here. The brothers, whose financial empire includes London's Bitz Hotel and a Scottish newspaper group, hardly ever visit Sark's main island. On Brecqhou, their private islet, they spent some ￡60 million to erect a castle known locally as the Cabuncle. The brothers don't live there, they prefer Monte Carlo. And they have made no secret of their scorn for Sark's institutions. Writing in the family's flagship newspaper, the Scotsman, David Barclay castigated Chief Pleas as "undemocratic and intimidatory" and pilloried Sark itself as "a haven for international tax evasion an fraud." The islanders can only shake their heads. Michael Beaumont, the 71-year-old seigneur, scoffs at the Barclays' insults. He says Sark's freebooting days are long gone. Like many islanders, the seigneur says he's irked more by the Barclays' attitude than by their aim. "The change was inevitable, "he says. "but it didn't have to happen this way". But the jousting continues. Sark's law still prohibits the Barclays from dividing up the islet. The brothers are planning to fight on against the traditionalists.

单选题Questions 1～3 are based on the following talk; listen and choose the best answer.

单选题 Text 3 Although social changes in the United States were being wrought throughout most of the nineteenth century, public awareness of the changes increased to new levels in the 1890's. The acute, growing public awareness of the social changes that had been taking place for some time was tied to tremendous growth in popular journalism in the late nineteenth century, including growth in quantity and circulation of both magazines and newspapers. These developments, in addition to the continued growth of cities, were significant factors in the transformation of society from one characterized by relatively isolated self-contained communities into an urban, industrial nation. The decade of the 1870's, for example, was a period in which the sheer number of newspapers doubled, and by 1880 the New York Graphic had published the first photographic reproduction in a newspaper, portending a dramatic rise in newspaper readership. Between 1882 and 1886 alone, the price of daily newspapers dropped from four cents a copy, to one cent, made posssible in part by a great increase in demand. Furthermore, the introduction in 1890 of the first successful lino-type machine promised even further growth. In 1872 only two daily newspapers could claim a circulation of over 100,000, but by 1892 seven more newspapers exceeded that figure. A world beyond the immediate community was rapidly becoming visible. But it was not newspapers alone that were bringing the new awareness to people in the United States in the late nineteenth century. Magazines as they are known today began publication around 1882, and, in fact, the circulation of weekly magazines exceeded that of newspapers in the period which followed. By 1892, for example, file circulation of the Ladies' Home Journal had reached an astounding 700,000. An increase in book readership also played a significant part in this general trend. For example, Edward Bellamy's utopian novel, Looking Backward, sold over a million copies in 1888, giving rise to the growth of organizations dedicated to the realization of Bellamy's vision of the future. The printed word, unquestionably, was intruding on the insulation that had characterized United States society in an earlier period.

单选题Whysomanyresidentialburglarieshappen?A．Peopledonotlocktheirdoorswhentheypopoutevenfor5minutes.B．Thesecuritysystemsintheirhousearenotsophisticatedenough.C．Peoplehaveformedawrongopinionofburglars'robbinghabits.D．Peoplearesomewhatcarelessaboutthesecuritysystemsintheirhome.