单选题Travelling companions are a disadvantage, according to the writer, because they ______.

单选题Wherecantheboyuseaphotocopyingmachine?A.AtBright's.B.AtHatchers'.C.Atthepostoffice.D.Atabookshop.

单选题In telephone or electric service, regulation is necessary because______ .

单选题According to the passage, it has been suggested that the science of human relations was slow to develop because______.

单选题{{B}}Text 3{{/B}} London's Heathrow Airport is notorious for queues and delays. Why is this happening and what can you do to avoid the frustration? In the film Catch Me If You Can, Leonardo DiCaprio plays a dashing young con artist who fools an airline into believing he is one of their captains. He strolls through a sleek and futuristic air terminal flanked by a gaggle of stewardesses, his progress serene. The message is clear: Air travel is glamorous, sexy and a total breeze. Cut to Heathrow, 2007, and what is still the world's largest airport (by passenger numbers) is stretched to breaking point, beset by delays and hampered by a creaking infrastructure. Ken Livingstone, London's garrulous Mayor, says the airport is "shaming London". How did it come to this? In a sense, Heathrow's key role in the development of Britain's (and the world's) aviation industry has been its undoing. First opened to commercial flights in 1946, Heathrow has always been there first; consequently, it has inherited a legacy of aging terminal buildings. Then September 11 happened, and security protocols went through the roof. The 2005 London bombings didn't help matters. The queues to clear Heathrow's security can take hours to clear, especially when not all the x-ray machines are open. At the other end of the process, passengers have faced seemingly never-ending waits for luggage. A recent Association of European Airlines report showed that between April and June this year the luggage system at Heathrow broke down 11 times. The British government, spurred on by angry airlines, passenger groups and an increasingly vocal media, has announced an enquiry into how the airport is run. Heathrow, like seven other major airports in the UK, is run by the British Airports Authority (BAA), who has been accused of putting the profits from the vast shopping malls in each terminal before investment in security and staff. Ryanair, British Airways and the head of the International Air Transport Association have all criticized the running of the airport, blaming under-investment. A spokesman for Heathrow notes that all may not be lost quite yet. Ninety-seven per cent of passengers get through security after less than 10 minutes of queuing. The baggage rules for using UK airports have been the same for a while now, so travelers should be getting used to the plastic bags and one item of hand-luggage rule. And BAA is recommending that people don't turn up earlier than they should--three hours for long-haul, two for short haul and 90 minutes for domestic should be fine. Heathrow has also employed 500 new security staff and opened nine new security lanes this year. And then there's Terminal Five, the gleaming, light-filled Richard Rodgers creation, complete with a landscaped civic space, due to open in March 2008. It will be British Airways' new home and should take the pressure off the rest of the airport. Far more suitable for a Leonardo-style sashay.

单选题Questions 15 ～ 18 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 15 ～ 18.

单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} It is said that the mass media are the greatest organs for enlightenment that the world has yet seen; that in Britain, for instance, several million people see each issue of the current affairs program, Panorama. It is true that never in human history were so many people so often and so much exposed to so many intimations about societies, forms of life, attitudes other than those which obtain in their own local societies. This kind of exposure may well be a point of departure for acquiring certain important intellectual and imaginative qualities, width of judgment, a sense of the variety of possible attitudes. Yet in itself such exposure does not bring intellectual or imaginative development. It is no more than the masses of a stone which lies around in a quarry and which may, conceivably, go to the making of a cathedral. The mass media cannot build the cathedral, and their way of showing the stones does not always prompt others to build. For the stones are presented within a self-contained and self-sufficient world in which, it is implied, simply to look at them, to observe--fleetingly---individually interesting points of difference between them, is sufficient in itself. Life is indeed full of problems on which we have to--or feel we should try to--make decisions, as citizens or as private individuals. But neither the real difficulty of these decisions, nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual, can often be communicated through the mass media. The disinclination to suggest real choice, individual decision, which is to be found in the mass media is simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy. It is within the grain of mass communications. The organs of the establishment, however well-intentioned they may be and whatever their form (the State, the Church, voluntary societies, political parties), have a vested interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked, and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production which, though the skin to where such enquiries might really hurt. They will tend to move, when exposing problems, well within the accepted cliché--cliché not to make a disturbing application of them to features of contemporary agitation of problems for the sake of the interest of that agitation in itself; they will therefore, again, assist a form of acceptance of the status quo. There are exceptions to this tendency, but they are uncharacteristic. The result can be found in a hundred radio and television programs as plainly as in the normal treatment of public issues in the popular press. Different levels of background in the readers or viewers may be assumed, but what usually takes place is a substitute for the process of arriving at judgment. Programs such as this are noteworthy less for the "stimulation" they offer than for the fact that stimulation (repeated at regular intervals) may become a substitute for, and so a hindrance to, judgments carefully arrived at and tested in the mind and on the pulses. Mass communications, then, do not ignore intellectual matters; they tend to castrate them, to allow them to sit on the side of the fireplace, sleek and useless, a family plaything.

单选题{{I}} Questions 18 to 20 are based on the monologue about pick pocketing. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 18 to 20.{{/I}}

单选题 Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following conversation between two friends. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 to 13.

单选题What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?

单选题Who is the author of "Common Sense"? A. Thomas Jefferson B. Benjamin Franklin C. Thomas Moore D. Thomas Paine

单选题Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his [A] international theme. [B] waste-land imagery. [C] local color. [D] symbolism.

单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} Fear helps animals, including humans, to survive since it allows them to avoid predators and dangerous situations. Having too much fear, or not being able to control it can, however, harm them. It can freeze animals into inaction, which is hardly an effective defence tactic, and it can cause a variety of debilitating disorders, such as phobias, pathological anxiety and the increasingly fashionable diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder. Understanding how fear is formed in the brain may shed light on these disorders and help to develop ways to erase unwanted fears. In a paper published in the current issue of Cell, Gleb Shumyatsky, of Rutgers University in New Jersey, and his colleagues have achieved just that, in mice at least. Dr. Shumyatsky was interested in the role of a gene called stathmin. His interest was piqued because this gene, though present in every cell in the body (as are all genes), is active only in cells of a part of the brain called the amygdala. It was established a few years ago that the amygdala is the area that governs fear. Rare individuals whose amygdalas are damaged are, literally, fearless. To investigate the role of stathmin, Dr. Shumyatsky and his team established a strain of so-called knock-out mice who had had the gene removed from their DNA. They then conducted a series of experiments on instinctive and learned fear. The team found that their knock-out mice showed neither form of fear. They would, for example, venture, insouciantly into environments that normal mice avoid, such as open spaces and elevated platforms where they could easily be seen by predators. They were also less prone to freeze up in response to events that would normally induce fear, such as seeing cats. In addition to this lack of instinctive fear, the knock-out mice seemed to have weaker memories for past aversive experiences. The researchers tested this using the famous experimental method called conditioning, which was developed by Ivan Pavlov over a century ago. The essence of a neutral one such as a sound and a significant one, such as an electric shock, that produces a strong and consistent response. If an animal is given the shock immediately after heating the sound, it will associate the latter with the former and show fearful behavior when it hears the sound. Using this sort of set-up, Dr. Shumyatsky discovered that mice with stathmin knocked out found it hard to make the association. They could not, in other words, learn to be afraid. To be sure this was not due to changes in other features that might result from lack of the gene, he tested the animals' hearing and pain sensitivity. Both were normal. So was their spatial memory. And although he did not try tests where the learned association was with pleasant rather than a fearful stimulus, he is reasonably confident that stathmin's effect is specific to fear because it is confined to the amygdala.

单选题Questions 4～6 are based on the following passage, listen and choose the best answer.

单选题Whereisthemangoingtomakeapresentation?A.Atanautomobilefactory.B.Atanelectricalengineeringclass.C.Atameetingofapublicspeakingclub.D.Ataconferenceonindustrialautomation.

单选题The traditional calculation of the economic return to higher education is inaccurate because______.

单选题 {{B}} Questions 14～16 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14～16.{{/B}}

单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} In January 1995, the world witnessed the emergence of a new international economic order with the launching of the World Trade Organization. The WTO, which succeeds the GAIT, is expected to strengthen the world trading system and to be more effective than the GATT in governing international trade in goods and services in many aspects. First, trade liberalization all over the world is expected to increase via the dramatic reductions in wade barriers to which the members of the WTO are committed. Under the WTO, members are required to reduce their tariff and non-tariffs on manufacturing goods. In addition, protecting domestic agricultural sectors from foreign competition will become awfully difficult in the new WTO system. Second, rules and regulations governing international trade will be more strongly enforced. Under the old system of the GATT, there were many cases where trade measures, such as anti-dumping and countervailing duties, were intentionally used solely for protectionist reasons. The WTO's strengthened rules and regulations will significantly reduce the abusing of such trade measures by its member countries. The WTO is also equipped with an improved dispute settlement mechanism. Accordingly, we expect to see a more effective resolution of trade disputes among the member countries in this new trade environment. Third, new multilateral rules have been established to cover areas which the GATT did not address, such as international trade in services and the protection of intellectual property rights. There still remain a number of problems that need to be resolved before international trade in services can be completely liberalized, and newly-developed ideas or technologies are fairly compensated. However, just the establishment of multilateral rules in these new areas is a distinguished contribution to the progress toward a global free trade system. Along with the launching of the WTO, this new era in world trade is characterized by a change in the structure of the world economy. Today, a world-wide market for goods and services is rapidly replacing a world economy composed of relatively isolated national markets. Domestic financial markets have been integrated into a truly global system, and the multinational corporation is becoming a principle mechanism for allocating investment capital and determining the location of production sites throughout much of the world.

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} The United States has hosted the Olympic Games a record eight times. St. Louis, Los Angeles (twice) and Atlanta have been the sites of the summer Games while Lake Placid (twice). Squaw Valley and Salt Lake City in 2002 have welcome the winter Games. Ten U. S. cities have entered the process to become the candidate city for the 2010 Olympic Games which will be selected by the U. S. Olympic Committee Board of directors. The U. S. city will then face competition from around the world with the International Olympic Committee making the final decision. The 10 cities have until the spring of 2000 to prepare their final bids for the USOC. Following site evaluations and the XLXth Olympic Winter Games in Salt Lake City, Utah (Feb. 8-24,2002), the U. S. Olympic candidate city will be elected in the fall of 2002 at the USOC's Board of Direction meeting. The closing date for all worldwide candidate cities to submit bids to the International Olympic will be in the winter of 2003. The IOC will then select the 2010 host city in the fall of 2005. "Our work can begin in the fall of 2002, allowing us to have a great bid and saving bid cities a tremendous amount of money by shortening the expensive international campaign," said Anita DeFrantz, an IOC vice president. The U. S. Olympic Committee is also in the process of identifying a U. S. candidate city for the 2007 "Pan American Games. "The United States has previously hosted this event for countries in North, Central and South America in Chicago(1959) and Indianapolis(1987). The timeline approved by the USOC Board for the cities registered and bidding to become the U. S. candidate city for the 2007 Pan American Games-Houston; Raleigh, N.C. ; San Antonio, Texas; and south Florida-calls for each city's final bids to be submitted to the USOC by September 1998. Following site evaluations, the USOC Board will select the USA's 2007 bid city in the spring of 1999. The Pan American Sports Organization (PASO) will select the host city in 2002. USOC Executive Director Dick Schuhz explained that the USOC's objectives in setting up the timelines for the bid cities were: to maintain focus on the mission, pursue strategic initiatives, complete the Pan American Games bids before the Olympic Games bids, complete the Salt Lake City Olympic Winter Games and effort, and to then launch an international bid off the success of Salt Lake City.

单选题In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.