填空题In a world where it gets more and more difficult to move or surprise readers who are (1) or wearied by their (2) to images of violence, conflict and strife, writers have a more difficult task if they want to shake us (3) of complacency. Knopf is a publisher (4) for producing exciting first novels, but first-time authors are often obsessed (5) finding new ways of (6) under our increasingly thick skin. Sometimes, (7) , the most outrageousincidents in contemporary fiction read like gimmicks a game of "guess the shocking secret". Anne-Marie MacDonald's wonderful novel, Fall on Your Knees, not only avoids the (8) of first novels, it has created a voice which pierces the (9) of cynicism that surrounds us. Yes, it is often shocking with its insistence (10) stark images, but it is also a sensitive (11) of comedic, tragic and, surprisingly, romantic stories. What ultimately sets (12) Fall on Your Knees is the (13) of the narrative voice. This voice acts (14) a Greek chorus which speaks directly to you, directing your gaze and compelling your involvement. Always using the present tense, the action is (15) infinitely more dramatic and immediate. A compassionate, independent voice, MacDonald herself told me it has a strong connection to Cape Breton, where the novel is mostly (16) She had in mind her father's tone when he told ghost stories, a slow and measured cadence that (17) a tale full of sweetness, sadness and terror, a tone which brings the story into each person's "own private world", (18) being obtrusive. A recurring motif in Fall on Your Knees is that of guardian angels; I came to think of this voice as the guardian angel of the novel it is not in the (19) of passing judgement, but it tries to protect its charges by showing us what is going on inside them, by reminding us how imperfect the human mind is and how illusory our memories sometimes (20) out to be. As we learn in the book, "Memory is another word for story, and nothing is more unreliable./

填空题Until about two million years ago, Africa's vegetation had always been controlled by the interactions of climate; geology, soil, and groundwater conditions; and the activities of animals. The addition of humans to the latter group, however, has increasingly rendered unreal the concept of a fully developed "natural" vegetation—i.e., one approximating the ideal of a vegetational climax. (16) Early attempts at mapping and classifying Africa's vegetation stressed this relationship. sometimes the names of plant zones were derived directly from climates. In this discussion the idea of zones is retained only in a broad descriptive sense. (17) In addition, over time more floral regions of varying shape and size have been recognized. Many schemes have arisen successively, all of which have had to take views on two important aspects, the general scale of treatment to be adopted, and the degree to which human modification is to be comprehended or discounted. (18) Quite the opposite assumption is now frequently advanced. An intimate combination of many species—in complex associations and related to localized soils, slopes, and drainage—has been detailed in many studies of the African tropics. In a few square miles there may be a visible succession from swamp with papyrus, the grass of which the ancient Egyptians made paper and from which the word "paper" originated, through swampy grassland and broad-leaved woodland and grass to a patch of forest on richer hillside soil, and finally to juicy fleshy plants on a nearly naked rock summit. (19) Correspondingly, classifications have differed greatly in their principles for naming, grouping, and describing formations, some have chosen terms such as forest, woodland, thorn-bush, thicket, and shrub for much of the same broad tracts that others have grouped as wooded savanna (treeless grassy plain) and steppe (grassy plain with few trees). This is best seen in the nomenclature, naming of plants, adopted by two of the most comprehensive and authoritative maps of Africa's vegetation that have been published. R. W. J. Keay's Vegetation Map of Africa South of the Tropic of Cancer and its more widely based successor, The Vegetation Map of Africa, compiled by Frank White. In the Keay map the herb layer and the coverage of woody vegetation; the White map, however, discarded these two categories as specific classifications. Yet any rapid absence of savanna as in its popular and more general sense is doubtful. (20) However, some 100 specific types of vegetation identified on the source map have been compressed into 14 broader classifications. A. As more has become known of the many thousands of African plant species and their complex ecology, naming, classification, and mapping have also become more particular, stressing what was actually present rather than postulating about climatic potential. B. In regions of higher rainfall, such as eastern Africa, savanna vegetation is maintained by periodic fires. Consuming dry grass at the end of the rainy season, the fires burn back the forest vegetation, check the invasion of trees and shrubs, and stimulate new grass growth. C. Once, as with the scientific treatment of African soils, a much greater uniformity was attributed to the vegetation than would have been generally accepted in the same period for treatments of the lands of western Europe or the United States. D. The vegetational map of Africa and general vegetation groupings used here follow the White map and its extensive annotations. E. Nevertheless, in broad terms, climate remains the dominant control over vegetation. Zonal belts of precipitation, reflection latitude and contrasting exposure to the Atlantic and Indian oceans and their currents, give some reality to related belts of vegetation. F. The span of human occupation in Africa is believed to exceed that of any other continent. All the resultant activities have tended, on balance, to reduce tree cover and increase grassland; but there has been considerable dispute among scholars concerning the natural versus human-caused development of most African grasslands at the regional level.

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填空题Howmanyplanetsarethereinthesolarsystemrevolvingaroundthesun?

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填空题略{{B}}Section Ⅱ Use of English{{/B}} Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word． If you are buying a property in France，whether for a permanent or a holiday home，it is important to open a French bank account．Although it is possible to exist on traveller's cheques，Eurocheques and credit cards{{U}} (1) {{/U}}by British banks，the{{U}} (2) {{/U}}for these{{U}} (3) {{/U}}can be expensive． The simplest way to pay regular{{U}} (4) {{/U}}，such as electricity，gas or telephone，{{U}} (5) {{/U}}when you are not in residence，is by direct debit(a sum withdrawn from an account)from your French account． To{{U}} (6) {{/U}}a current account，you will need to{{U}} (7) {{/U}}your passport and birth{{U}} (8) {{/U}}and to provide your address in the United Kingdom．You will be issued with a cheque book within weeks of opening the account．In France it is illegal to be overdrawn．All accounts must be operated{{U}} (9) {{/U}}credit．However，there are no{{U}} (10) {{/U}}charges． Note that cheques{{U}} (11) {{/U}}longer to clear in France than in Britain，and can only be stopped{{U}} (12) {{/U}}stolen or lost． The easiest way to{{U}} (13) {{/U}}money from a British bank account to a French{{U}} (14) {{/U}}is by bank transfer．You simply provide your British bank with the name，address and{{U}} (15) {{/U}}of your French bank account．The procedure takes about a week and{{U}} (16) {{/U}}between ￡5 and ￡40 for each transaction，{{U}} (17) {{/U}}on your British bank． {{U}} (18) {{/U}}，you Can transfer money{{U}} (19) {{/U}}a French bank in London．You can also send a sterling cheque(allow at least 12 days for the cheque to be cleared)，Eurocheques or traveller's{{U}} (20) {{/U}}． Finally，it is a good idea to make a friend of your French bank manager．His help can prove invaluable．

填空题But in preserving the balance we have to be clear where the problem actually lies. Of the total carbon dioxide emissions caused by burning fossil fuels, only 20 percent comes from transportation. 80 percent comes from static Uses of energy -- the energy used in our homes, in industry and in power generation of the total, 43 percent comes from petroleum. 1 On top of that, a further one megaton is produced by our chemical operations. If you add to that the carbon produced by the consumption of the products we produce -- the total goes up to around 95 megatons. That is just 1 percent of the total carbon dioxide emissions which come from all human activity. 2 Only a fraction of the total emissions come from the transportation sector -- so the problem is not just caused by vehicles. Any response which is going to have a real impact has to look at all the sources. That means ensuring our own house is in order. It also means contributing to the wider analysis of the problem -- through research, technology and through engagement in the search for the best public policy mechanisms -- the actions which can produce the right solutions for the long term common interest. We have a responsibility to act, and I hope that through our actions we can contribute to the much wider process which is desirable and necessary. First we will monitor and control our own carbon dioxide emissions. This follows the commitment we"ve made in relation to other environmental issues. Our overall goal is to do no harm or damage to the natural environment. That"s an ambitious goal which we approach systematically. 3 Now, as well as continuing our efforts in relation to the other greenhouse gases, it is time to establish a similar process for carbon dioxide. Our carbon dioxide emissions result from burning hydrocarbon fuels to produce heat and power, from flaring feed and product gases, and directly from the process of separation or transformation. So far our approach to carbon dioxide has been indirect and has mainly come through improvements in the energy efficiency of our production processes. Over the last decade, efficiency in our major manufacturing activities has improved by 20 percent. 4 It is a learning process -- just as it has been with the other emissions we"ve targeted but the learning is cumulative and I think it will have a substantial impact. Other steps will require investment to make existing facilities more energy efficient. For instance, we"re researching ways in which we can remove the carbon dioxide from large compressors and reinject it to improve oil recovery. That would bring a double benefit -- a cut in emissions and an improvement in production efficiency. The task is particularly challenging in the refining sector where the production of cleaner products re quires more extensive processing and a higher energy demand for each unit of output. That means that to make gasoline cleaner, with lower sulphur levels, takes more energy at the manufacturing stage. That"s the trade off. In each case our aim will be to establish a database, including benchmark data; to create a monitoring process, and then to develop targets for improvement through operational line management. 5 We will increase our support for that work. That support will be focused on finding solutions and will be directed to work of high quality which we believe can address the key outstanding questions. A. Let me put that another way -- to be clear. Human activity accounts for a small part of the total volume of emissions of carbon -- but it is that part which could cause disequilibrium. B. As I said a few moments ago, there are still areas of significant uncertainty around the subject of climate change. Those who tell you they know all the answers are fools or knaves. More research is needed -- on the detail of cause and effect, on the consequences of what appears to be happening, and on the effectiveness of the various actions which can be taken. C. Monitoring and controlling emissions is one step. The second is to increase the level of support we give to the continuing scientific work which is necessary. D. Now we want to go further. We have to continue to improve the efficiency with which we use energy. And in addition we need a better understanding of how our own emissions of carbon can be monitored and controlled, using a variety of measures including sequestration. It is a very simple business lesson that what gets measured gets managed. E. Our method has been to focus on one item at a time, to identify what can be delivered, to establish monitoring processes and targets as part of our internal management system and to put in place an external confirmation of delivery. In most cases the approach has meant that we"ve been able to go well beyond the regulatory requirements. F. We"ve looked carefully, using the best available data, at the precise impact of our own activities. Our operations -- in exploration and in refining -- produce around eight megatons of carbon.

填空题Canada's premiers (the leaders of provincial governments) ,if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, to reduce health-care costs. They're all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs. 66. ______ What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care — to say nothing of reports from other experts — recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution. 67. ______ But "national" doesn't have to mean that. "National" could mean interprovincial — provinces combining efforts to create one body. Either way, one benefit of a "national" organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province — or a series of hospitals within a province — negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces. Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price. 68. ______ A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health technology assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join. A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta. just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast. 69. ______ Premiers love to quote Mr Romanow's report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: "A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs." 70. ______ So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint lists, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients. A. Quebec's resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec's Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14. 3 percent to 26.8 percent! B. Or they could read Mr Kirby's report: "The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies." C. What does "national" mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council. D. Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn't like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it. E. According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription-drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatment. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices. F. So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative cost, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.

填空题A=Brain 1 B=Brain 2 C=Brain 3 Which part of brains... ● differentiates human being from other animals? 1 ● controls human emotions? 2 ● sends information from the other two brains to the body? 3 ● controls the involuntary functions? 4 ● controls memory and learning? 5 ● is little different from that of mammals in structure? 6 ● makes people speak and write? 7 ● makes people have the senses of taste and smell? 8 ● acts as a unifying control of the other two brains? 9 ● is responsible for aggressive behaviour? 10 When you refer to your brain, you should probably say "brains". Most modem scientists studying the brain have concluded at there are three major parts of our brain, that each is separate from the others, and that each has its own functions and distinctive processes. Brain 1 Brain 1 includes the spinal cord, the medulla—which sits directly atop the cord—and the middle section of the brain. It includes the controls for involuntary functions like breathing and digestion, along with the nerves necessary for reproduction. The structure of the human brain 1 is little different from the structures of the brains of mammals and reptiles. Brain 1 is apparently responsible both for aggressive and social behavior. Brain 2 Brain 2 is an area surrounding brain 1. In this second brain are the various glands located in the brain, such as the pituitary and amygdala. Scientists studying brain 2 are convinced that human emotions such as excitement, fear, and love are centered here, as well as the senses of taste and smell. Memory and learning are also controlled by brain 2. Electrical charges applied to this section of the brain cause seizures and psychotic behavior. Brain 3 Brain 3 is the neocortex, the thick covering that surrounds the top and side portions of the brain. This is the "gray matter" we often think of when we speak of the brain. Only the higher orders of animals have brain 3, and none is as highly developed as the human neocortex. Brain 3 sends information from the other two brains to the body and receives data from the body. It is apparently brain 3 that makes us fully human. Brain 3 allows us to stand erect, to plan and anticipate the future, to see, to speak, to write, to use symbols and tools, and to remember. Brain 3 apparently also acts as a unifying control of the other two Brains. As scientists continue to study the brain, they discover specific areas that control particular functions of the body and particular emotions. It is interesting to speculate about the future of the old idea of "the mind". As we learn more about our three brains, will we be more or less awed by our own complexity?

填空题The shore is an ancient world, for 1 long as there has been an earth and sea 2 , has been this place of the meeting of land and 3 . Yet it is a world that keeps alive the sense 4 continuing creation and of the relentless drive of life. Each time 5 I enter it, I gain some new awareness of its beauty and its deeper meanings, sensing that intricate fabric of life 6 which one creature is linked with another, and each with its surroundings. 7 my thoughts of the shore, one place stands apart for its revelation of exquisite beauty. It is a pool hidden within a cave 8 one can visit only rarely and briefly when 9 lowest of the year"s low tides fall below it, and perhaps from that 10 fact it acquires some of its special beauty. Choosing such a tide, I hoped 11 a glimpse of the pool. The ebb was 12 fall early in the morning. I knew that 13 the wind held from the northwest and no interfering swell ran in 14 a distant storm the level of the sea should drop below the entrance 15 the pool. There had been sudden ominous showers in the night, with rain 16 handfuls of gravel flung on the roof. When I looked out into the 17 morning the sky was full of a gray dawn light but the sun had not yet risen. Water and air were pallid. Across the bay 18 moon was a luminous disc in the western sky, suspended 19 the dim line of distant shore—the full August moon, drawing the tide to the low, low levels of the threshold of the alien sea world. As I watched, a gull flew by, above the spruces. Its breast was rosy 20 the light of the unrisen sun. The day was, after all, to be fair.

填空题Accordingtotheman,manyanimalsaresolitarymostofthetime.

填空题Supermarket shoppers have never been more spoilt for choice. But just when we thought traditional systems of selective farming had created the most tempting array of foods money can buy, we are now being presented with the prospect of genetically created strains of cabbages, onion, tomato, potato and apple. It may not tickle the fancy of food purists but it fires the imagination of scientists. Last week they discovered that the classic Parisian mushroom contains just the properties that, when genetically mixed with a wild strain of mushroom from the Sonora desert in California, could help it grow en masse while at the same time providing it with the resilience of the wild strain. 1 "We have found a way of increasing the success rate from one to 90 per cent." This is just one of the many products that, according to skeptics, are creating a generation of "Franken foods". The first such food that may be consumed on a wide scale is a tomato which has been genetically manipulated so that it does not soften as it ripens. Critics say that the new tomato-which cost $25 million to research is designed to stay on supermarket shelves for longer. It has a ten-day life span. Not surprisingly, every-hungry US is leading the search for these forbidden fruit. By changing the genes of a grapefruit, a grower from Texas has created a sweet, red, thin-skinned grapefruit expected to sell at a premium over its California and Florida competitors. For chip fanatics who want to watch their waist-lines, new high-starch, low-moisture potatoes that absorb less fat when fried have been created, thanks to a gene from intestinal bacteria. The scientists behind such new food argue that genetic engineering is simply an extension of animal and plant breeding methods and that by broadening the scope of the genetic changes that can be made, sources of food are increased. Accordingly, they argue, this does not inherently lead to foods that are less safe than those developed by conventional techniques. But if desirable genes are swapped irrespective of species barriers, could things spiral out of control? "Knowledge is not toxic," said Mark Cantley, head of the biotechnology unit at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, "It has given us a far greater understanding of how living systems work at a molecular level and there is no reason for people to think that scientists and farmers should use that knowledge to do risky things." 2 Clearly, financial incentive lies behind the development of these bigger, more productive foods. But we may have only ourselves to blame. In the early period of mass food commerce, food varieties were developed by traditional methods of selective breeding to suit the local palate. But as suppliers started to select and preserve plant variants that had larger fruit, consumer expectations rose, leading to the development of the desirable clones. Still, traditionalists and gourmets in Europe are fighting their development. 3 Even in the pre-packaged US, where the slow-softening tomato will soon be reaching supermarkets, 1,500 American chefs have lent their support to the Pure Food Campaign which calls for the international boycott of genetically engineered foods until more is known about the consequences of the technology and reliable controls have been introduced. In the short term, much of the technology remains untested and in the long term the consequences for human biology are unknown. Questions have arisen over whether new proteins in genetically modified food could cause allergies in some people. 4 Then there are the vegetarians who may be consuming animal non-vegetable proteins in what they think is a common tomato, or the practicing Jew who unknowingly consumes a fruit that has been enhanced with a pig"s gene. As yet, producers are under no obligation to label "transgeneie" products. Environmentalists worry that new, genetically engineered plants may damage natural environment. A genetically engineered pest-resistant strain of plant that contacts with a native strain, for example, could turn them into virulent weeds beyond chemical control. Animal welfare groups worry about the quality of life of farm animals manipulated so that they produce more meat, milk, and eggs but which may suffer physical damage in the process. 5 Many of these fears spring from ignorance. And although it is hard to separate the paranoia from the benefits, the fact remains that genetic engineering offers ways of solving serious medical and agricultural problems. A. Western farmers have already bred cattle with more muscle than a skeleton can carry. B. Supporters say the tomato, unsurprisingly called Flavr Savr, will taste better because it will be able to mature on the branch longer. C. Consumer opposition means that there are genetically manipulated foods on the German markets, and the Norwegian government has recently put research into genetically engineered foods on hold. D. For example, if a corn gene is introduced into a wheat gene for pest resistance, will those who are allergic to corn then he allergic to wheat? E. "Mushrooms in the past were almost impossible to cross," says Philippe Callae, one of the three scientists working on the mushroom. F. Genetic engineering will interfere with the balance of nature.

填空题The place seemed as unlikely as the coming together of the two principals. In June 1995, Princess Diana went to visit Mother Teresa in New York City's South Bronx, where the founder of the Missionaries of Charity was recovering from an illness at one of her order's residences. 16. ______ So they met and chatted about the work they loved, for no more than an hour. Diana helped Mother Teresa rise from her wheelchair, and the two of them emerged from a private conversation holding hands, to be greeted by squealing children in a crowd. Diana, in a cream-colored linen suit, stood over her companion. 17. ______ Now they are dead, within a week, and one wonders how to grasp what has been lost. In a way, their deaths are the ending to two stories. 18. ______ When she was killed, her story was curtailed, and the silence that followed was overwhelming. One reason that masses stood in lines all over the world is that they knew a story they yearned to hear, and thought would go on, was over. Mother Teresa's story was more of process and had fewer elements with which the audience could easily identify. For most of the years of her life, no cameras followed her when she bent down in the wretched streets of Calcutta to take dying people in her arms or when she touched the open wounds of the poor, the discarded and alone. When the Nobel Committee blasted her with fame, she had already written most of the tale of her life, which was without much plot, was propelled by a main character who never changed direction, yet had a great theme. The end of Mother Teresa's story is not the end of her order's work, which is one reason (her age is another) that her death makes one sad without shock. The two women were united by an impulse toward charity, and charity is tricky way to live. A nun I know in Brooklyn, Sister Mary Paul, who has worked with the down-and-nearly-out all her life, once told me, "People in the helping professions are curious. I think they may feel something is missing in their lives. There can be a lot of ego, a lot of indirect fulfillment. One wants to see oneself as a good and giving person. There is nothing wrong in that, but it can't be the goal. The ultimate goal must be a change in the system in which both the giver and taker live." 19. The idea behind such thinking is that life is a journey and one catches others on the way. Mother Teresa must have felt this. Within whatever controversies arose about her work, the central gesture of her life was to bend toward the suffering and recall them to the world of God's province. The people she inclined toward had been chewed by rats and had magots in their skin. 20. ______ The public mourning for Diana has so outrun the importance of the event that it has taken on the cast of an international grieving unrelated to any particular cause. It is as if the world has felt the need to be moved, to feel sympathy itself, and if that feeling of sympathy is fleeting, it will still have brought a general catharsis. Perhaps this is counterfeit emotion, aroused by television, and fueled and sustained by itself. That would not be true of the emotion shown at the death of Mother Teresa, who will draw fewer mourners to her funeral but more in the long run of history.A. She doesn't like the word charity except in the sense of caritas, love."Love," she said, "is not based on marking people up by assets and virtues. Love is based on the mystery of the person, who is immeasurable and is going somewhere I will never know."B. That is why the princess came to meet the nun, to pay her respect to the woman whose devotion to the poor and dying she was begin'ning to absorb. Surrounding the world's two most recognizable women were the dusty tenements and deserted cars of the not yet revived area. The Saint of the Gutters was in her element, Which more recently had become Diana's too.C. Princess Diana's was the less significant but the more enthralling, a royal soap opera played by real people suffering real pain.D. All she wanted for them was the dignity of being human.E. Like Mother Teresa, the princess addressed to the children she came across, and nurseries, kindergartens and schools were the places where she was most frequently spotted.F. They were affectionate to each other. MotherTeresa clasped her palms together in the Indian namaste, signifying both hello and farewell.The princess got into her silver car And that was that.

填空题A=Rotherhithe B=Barnes C=Willesden Green D=King's Cross Which district(s) ... · used to have lots of problems such as drugs, street crime, etc. ? {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}} · has the unpopular style of architecture? {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}} · has the most expensive properties? {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}} · offers big out-fashioned houses at lower price? {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}} · is located in a quiet residential area? {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}} · saw a big increase in price last year? {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}} · will build a lot of new facilities? {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}} · is estimated to be a good investment? {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}} · encourages night-life culture for young people? {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}} · creates a relative energetic multi-cultural atmosphere? {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}} A Rotherhithe Rotherhithe may be most famous for its congested tunnel but many young buyers are warming to its riverside charms. It is still much cheaper than its waterside neighbors. The housing stock is predominately 1980s flats, many arranged in cul-de-sacs(死胡同) and closes around Surrey Quays Road. The unpopular architecture has led to the area being called the Milton Keynes of London but properties are spacious and unfashionable style has kept prices down. Paul Mitchell, of estate agents Alex Neil, says, "There is precious little period property, but you will get far more for your money here than a Victorian house with lots of original features down the road in Bermondsey. " Surry Quays shopping center provides all the amenities of a high street but the area is lacking in fun. However, Southwark Council is in talks to develop the "night time economy" which could well lead to an increase in bars and restaurants to cater for the growing number of young professional residents. "It is possible to get a good three-bedroom house in Rotherhithe for 280000," says Wumine Jordan Robinson, of agents Burwood Marsh. "About eight minutes' walk from the Jubilee Line which will have you in Bond Street in 15 minutes. There are not that many areas in London where that is possible." B Barnes Barnes sits just across the river from Hammersmith in southwest London, but it could not be more different from the noise and bustle of the opposite bank. It has been called one of the last true London "villages" with happy residents keeping its old school charms quiet from nosey outsiders and potential developers. Being by the river and predominately residential gives Barnes an attractively lazy vibe. It has a traditional village green complete with idyllic duck pond and quaint pub. The high street is about as far from the Pound Shop and Primark ambience of its neighbors as is possible. But buying into Barnes is not cheap. "Family houses are snapped up incredibly quickly," claims Chris Carney, sales negotiator at Boileaus estate agents. "It is very hard to get properties of this size, with outside space so close to London, which is why they are expensive." Large detached Victorian houses on the two main roads, Casttenau and Lonsdale, normally have between five and seven bedrooms, gardens of 120 ft and off-street parking. These sell for anything between ￡2 million and ￡5 million. By the village green there are rows of immaculate terraced houses on a number of streets that run off Church and Station roads, and four-bedroom houses of this kind sell for around ￡1 million. C Willesden Green Willesden Green has both suffered and benefited from its famous neighbors. Despite its growing popularity, the area remains interesting and multi-cultural, injecting a little bit of soul into what could otherwise become just another yuppie backwater. "Willesden Green has a diverse range of properties from 1930s semi-detached houses to large Victorian properties and new-builds which attract all kinds of buyers," says Richard Chiti, sales manager at estate agents Ellis ＆ Co. "The roads bordering West Hampstead are popular, as they are wide, tree-lined streets with sizeable family houses. Properties in and around Dobree Road, which lead down to Kensal Rise, are also in high demand." Estate agents and residents agree that the area used to be regarded as dangerous and undesirable, but this has changed over the last decade. It's popular because it is still affordable, although prices have rocketed over the last year. D King's Cross King's Cross used to be renowned for problems including drugs, prostitution and street crime but a ￡2 billion regeneration programme should help the area lose its seedy reputation. The project includes a new Eurostar terminal opening this year and a spruced-up tube station, alongside hundreds of new homes, offices and leisure facilities set to be completed in 2015. Such development has had a predictable effect on house prices. "There are a lot more amenities now, such as supermarkets, cafes and bars, and the issue people used to have with safety a few years ago has disappeared. " By the canal basin, new-built flats and luxury warehouse conversions from the bulk of property, and at the top end of the market there are stunning penthouses available with views across London. Much of the new development is centered on the back of the station, off York way, and flats are being sold to eager buyers off plan. The older properties are mainly mid-Victorian terraces around Caledonian Road and the streets heading towards Angel, and ex-local authority blocks where it is possible to pick up a two-bedroom refurnished flat for under ￡250000. Smith adds, "Investment-wise, King's Cross is a good bet. There is a big rental market here and prices will go up. There are still cheaper properties available, one- to two-bedroom flats in Victorian conversions, or ex-council properties. But people are holding on to them for dear life in the hope they will go up in value. If you find one, it is worth investing in."

填空题 Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Impatience characterizes young intellectual workers. They want to make their mark{{U}} (31) {{/U}}. So it's important to get{{U}} (32) {{/U}}to them in a challenging manner the idea{{U}} (33) {{/U}}big achievements rarely come easily and quickly. Point out that the little successes are essential. Show that they{{U}} (34) {{/U}}turn become the foundation on{{U}} (35) {{/U}}reputations are built and from which more important tasks can be accomplished. A variety of job assignments,including job or project rotation, also keep a job{{U}} (36) {{/U}}becoming dull. Whereas it's natural for some individuals to want to move ahead immediately to more difficult assignments,{{U}} (37) {{/U}} proper guidance they can continue to learn and to gain versatility by working on a number of jobs that are essentially{{U}} (38) {{/U}}the same complexity. This way they gain breadth, if not depth. Probably the greatest offense to guard{{U}} (39) {{/U}}when dealing with younger specialists is to reject ideas out of hand. You must listen--and listen objectively--to their suggestions. Avoid{{U}} (40) {{/U}}overcritical. You want to nurture an inquiring mind with a fresh approach. You'll frustrate it quickly if you revert too often{{U}} (41) {{/U}}"We've tried that before and it won't{{U}} (42) {{/U}}here. " One sure way to disenchant{{U}} (43) {{/U}}college graduates is flagrantly misusing their talents. Expect them to do some routine work,of course. But don't make their{{U}} (44) {{/U}}work just one long series of errands. This includes such break-in assignments{{U}} (45) {{/U}}performing routine calculations, digging up{{U}} (46) {{/U}}material,{{U}} (47) {{/U}}operating reproduction equipment. One large manufacturing company recently interviewed a number of{{U}} (48) {{/U}}engineers who had left them. The company found that the overwhelming complaint was that the company not only did not offer work that{{U}} (49) {{/U}}challenging but also expected{{U}} (50) {{/U}}too little from them in the way of performance.

填空题·is the largest tomb?

填空题{{B}}A = Melbourne University B = La Trobe University C = Monash UniversityWhich university ...{{/B}} {{B}}Melbourne University{{/B}} Established in 1853, the University is Australia's second oldest university. There is now a student population of over 34,000 including some 8,500 full- or part-time postgraduates and almost 4,000 full-time international students from over 70 countries. The University offer high-quality courses delivered in a stimulating learning environment. Services which have been designed for postgraduate students can indeed be considered world class. The Graduate Centre in the historic "1888 Building" is aimed at complementing and enhancing postgraduate student life. The University has achieved top ranking for international citations among Australian universities by the Institute for Scientific Information (SI) covering the years 1993-1997. In that period, the number of scientific papers published is 11,634, that of citations is 58,590 and the citation impact is 5.04. The University's close links and partnerships with business and industry, government and other research institutes, promote collaboration across a wide range of disciplines. Located in the city of Melbourne, the campus is like a self-contained village with easy access to Melbourne's city Centre with just a five-minutes tram ride or a 15 minutes walk. The University also provides high-quality sports and recreational facilities: tennis and squash courts, gymnasiums, weight training rooms, hockey fields, basketballs, a swimming pool and athletics track. Off-campus facilities include the rowing sheds on the Yarra river, which flows through the city centre. Staff in the University International Centre are always ready to help you make your involvement in the University community easy and enjoyable, and will provide you with assistance and further information as required. We look forward to welcoming you to the University of Melbourne.{{B}}La Trobe University{{/B}} La Trobe University is named after Charles Joseph La Trobe, the first Superintendent of Port Phillip District from 1839 to 1850 and first Lieutenant-Governor of the new colony of Victoria from 1851 to 1854. The University has more than 22,000 students, including over 1,600 international students and approximately 3,400 staff. The student population at La Trobe is diverse and represents many different ethnic groups and a wide range of backgrounds. This diversity provides an exciting background for students who wish to experience the Australian way of life. Established in 1964, La Trobe University has three campuses offering undergraduate courses to international students: the Bundoora campus in metropolitan Melbourne, one in Albury, Wodonga and one in Bendigo. The University has received a high level of government funding and its buildings and facilities are among the best in Australia. All the University courses are recognised by the Victorian and Australian Governments. This ensures high-quality courses, which are recognized by major Australian professional bodies and equal the standard of the finest university courses internationally. The University provides facilities to enable students to pursue a range of recreational and sporting activities which cater for all levels of ability and interest. Sports facilities include gymnasiums, tennis, basketball and badminton courts and an indoor heated swimming pool and squash courts. There are also golf courses close to each of the University campuses. In recognition of the University' s excellent sporting facilities, La Trobe was awarded the honor of being the host institution for the Australian University Games in 1997. We warmly invite you to join our university.{{B}}Monash University{{/B}} With its 43,000 students in its six Australian campuses located in and around Mcibourne and one in Malaysia, Monash University is a truly diverse teaching and research institution. The students are from more than 120 countries and regions, with international students comprising about 15 % of our total student population. Its tradition of academic excellence along with its internationally recognized awards give you, the learner, wonderful opportunities to study in. It is able to offer a full and comprehensive range of courses from university preparation and English language program through to postgraduate research programs. The University, established in 1962, has achieved remarkably for international citations. Based on the latest data provided by the Institute for Scientific Information (SI), from 1993 to 1997, the number of papers published is 6,475, that of citations is 26,545, and the citation impact is 4.10, ranking the third among all the Australian universities. The Monash University Community Service can assist enrolled students with a variety of financial matters ranging from student loans and financial advice to basic taxation information. The Housing Service provides prospective and enrolled students with information on a range of accommodation options, both on and off campus. The Monash Postgraduate Centre is located on the Clayton campus. Students have 24 hour access to the Centre which otters state-of-the-art facilities including well-equipped computer laboratories, student lounges and tea rooms, resource libraries, photocopiers and meeting rooms. We extend to you our invitation to join us and share the truly multicultural learning environment of which we are so proud.

填空题Back to the Future PEOPLE and wildlife don't get on too well together. Large mammals, in particular, have a hard time at the hands of humanity. Their habitat gets taken for farms, their bodies for dinner and their heads for trophies. As human populations grow, the pressure increases, and it seems to decline only when people are rich enough to focus on the aesthetic as well as the economic possibilities of wild beasts. Often, such aesthetic appreciation thrives best in the safety of the city rather than in the rawness of the wilderness. 1. ______ Africa and Asia are continents where wildlife is under particular pressure. Their human populations are growing and their people are not yet prosperous enough to make conservation a higher priority than simply getting by in life. But many of the world's endangered mammals live in Africa and Asia. In North America, by contrast, rural populations are shrinking, people are rich enough to care about wildlife, and many of them do. Moreover, most of the large North American mammals that existed when humanity arrived in the continent are now extinct. Their ecological niches are therefore wide open for occupation. What could be more logical, Mr. Donlan suggests, than introducing endangered Old World mammals into the New World, thus saving them from extinction while returning wild America to something like the state it was in before Homo sapiens took up residence? 2. ______ Although none of the animals Mr. Donlan and his colleagues propose introducing are the same species as the ones that went extinct, many are related and all would fill similar ecological niches. Elephants, for instance, would help to preserve the grassland by eating shrubs that encroach on it -- a role previously filled by mastodons. Lions and cheetahs would control the populations of horses, asses and camels much as their sabre-toothed cousins once controlled similar ungulates. 3. ______ Many mainstream conservationists are naturally (in more than one sense of that word) suspicious. Chris Haney, a conservation biologist at Defenders of Wildlife, a voluntary conservation group, fears the effort might detract from what he describes as "more realistic" goals, such as the reintroduction of wolves, bison, grizzly bears and North American elk (not to be confused with the European sort, known to Americans as moose). These reintroductions have faced bitter opposition from some ranchers, farmers and politicians. If programmes like this were seen not merely in isolation, but as the first steps in a grand plan to reintroduce lions and cheetahs, they would be even harder to implement. 4. ______ Both of these objections are sensible, though not overwhelmingly so. But Dr. Haney has a more visceral worry, too. Modern conservation is generally against the idea of species being spread into novel habitats, and he opposes Mr Donlan's idea on those grounds, as well. 5. ______ Perhaps it is, although such pollution does happen naturally from time to time. But even if such introductions are not the ideal solution, they may be the best one available. Mr. Donlan's idea is a big and imaginative proposal to solve a clear and present danger. It is certainly worth some careful scrutiny. A Mr. Donlan's plan is to create game reserves of a quarter of a million hectares or more in the Great Plains of North America, and populate them with a mixture of native American and alien animals. If returned to grassland, the plains could support both grazers and their predators. Beginning gradually on small, private reserves, wild horses, asses and camels would be introduced and biologists could study their effects on the ecosystem. Later, if all had gone well, elephants would be added and finally, to provide predators, big cats. If everything worked on a small scale, the large public nature reserves envisaged as the plan's culmination would then be created. Mr. Donlan reckons that the whole process would take about 50 years. "It is important", as he puts it, "to realise that we're not advocating backing up a van full of cheetahs and kicking them out the door." B Eric Dinerstein, chief scientist at the World Wildlife Fund US, another conservation charity, has a related objection. He suggests Mr Donlan's idea might be damaging not only to efforts to conserve North American species, but also to the very Old World species it is intended to save. He thinks Mr. Donlan is too pessimistic about the chances of preserving endangered animals in their African and Asian homes. Rather than spending money to establish those species in North America, Dr.Dinerstein would prefer to see it spent conserving them where they live now. C Observing all this, a group of conservation biologists, led by Josh Donlan of Cornell University, have made a modest proposal in this week's Nature. They suggest a piece of ecological arbitrage. D One reason conservationists try to stop alien introductions is pragmatic -- they sometimes do serious damage to native species. Rats, cats and pigs, for example, have wrecked the native fauna of many a small island. But part of the objection to alien introductions has an ideological flavour. There is a feeling that what exists now (or, at least, what existed before man stuck his oar in) is what ought to exist. It is pristine. Shipping in other species is, in a sense, a form of pollution. E When the first immigrants entered North America at the end of the Pleistocene epoch, more than 13,000 years ago, they found a continent full of large mammals -- elephants, lions, cheetahs, camels, horses and more. Within a few thousand years most of these animals were gone, probably the victims of overhunting. F In theory, the return of the big mammals would result in more diversity throughout the ecosystem. It would also, the researchers suggest, bring tourists flocking to the Great Plains and provide an alternative income for people there. That may sound fanciful. But, as Mr Donlan's paper points out, there are already some 77,000 large exotic mammals, most of them African or Asian species, roaming freely on private ranches in Texas and, in some cases, attracting paying customers.