填空题·is sold well?

填空题pollution can be controlled by increasing the production cost of polluting goods?

填空题But in preserving the balance we have to be clear where the problem actually lies. Of the total carbon dioxide emissions caused by burning fossil fuels, only 20 percent comes from transportation. 80 percent comes from static Uses of energy -- the energy used in our homes, in industry and in power generation of the total, 43 percent comes from petroleum. (66) On top of that, a further one megaton is produced by our chemical operations. If you add to that the carbon produced by the consumption of the products we produce -- the total goes up to around 95 megatons. That is just 1 percent of the total carbon dioxide emissions which come from all human activity. (67) Only a fraction of the total emissions come from the transportation sector -- so the problem is not just caused by vehicles. Any response which is going to have a real impact has to look at all the sources. That means ensuring our own house is in order. It also means contributing to the wider analysis of the problem -- through research, technology and through engagement in the search for the best public policy mechanisms -- the actions which can produce the right solutions for the long term common interest. We have a responsibility to act, and I hope that through our actions we can contribute to the much wider process which is desirable and necessary. First we will monitor and control our own carbon dioxide emissions. This follows the commitment we've made in relation to other environmental issues. Our overall goal is to do no harm or damage to the natural environment. That's an ambitious goal which we approach systematically. (68) Now, as well as continuing our efforts in relation to the other greenhouse gases, it is time to establish a similar process for carbon dioxide. Our carbon dioxide emissions result from burning hydrocarbon fuels to produce heat and power, from flaring feed and product gases, and directly from the process of separation or transformation. So far our approach to carbon dioxide has been indirect and has mainly come through improvements in the energy efficiency of our production processes. Over the last decade, efficiency in our major manufacturing activities has improved by 20 percent. (69) It is a learning process -- just as it has been with the other emissions we've targeted but the learning is cumulative and I think it will have a substantial impact. Other steps will require investment to make existing facilities more energy efficient. For instance, we're researching ways in which we can remove the carbon dioxide from large compressors and reinject it to improve oil recovery. That would bring a double benefit -- a cut in emissions and an improvement in production efficiency. The task is particularly challenging in the refining sector where the production of cleaner products re quires more extensive processing and a higher energy demand for each unit of output. That means that to make gasoline cleaner, with lower sulphur levels, takes more energy at the manufacturing stage. That's the trade off. In each case our aim will be to establish a database, including benchmark data; to create a monitoring process, and then to develop targets for improvement through operational line management. (70) We will increase our support for that work. That support will be focused on finding solutions and will be directed to work of high quality which we believe can address the key outstanding questions. A. Let me put that another way -- to be clear. Human activity accounts for a small part of the total volume of emissions of carbon -- but it is that part which could cause disequilibrium. B. As I said a few moments ago, there are still areas of significant uncertainty around the subject of climate change. Those who tell you they know all the answers are fools or knaves. More research is needed -- on the detail of cause and effect, on the consequences of what appears to be happening, and on the effectiveness of the various actions which can be taken. C. Monitoring and controlling emissions is one step. The second is to increase the level of support we give to the continuing scientific work which is necessary. D. Now we want to go further. We have to continue to improve the efficiency with which we use energy. And in addition we need a better understanding of how our own emissions of carbon can be monitored and controlled, using a variety of measures including sequestration. It is a very simple business lesson that what gets measured gets managed. E. Our method has been to focus on one item at a time, to identify what can be delivered, to establish monitoring processes and targets as part of our internal management system and to put in place an external confirmation of delivery. In most cases the approach has meant that we've been able to go well beyond the regulatory requirements. F. We've looked carefully, using the best available data, at the precise impact of our own activities. Our operations -- in exploration and in refining -- produce around eight megatons of carbon.

填空题Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the briefs on four famous castles in Wales, Britain on the following page. Answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Note: When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. Some choices may be required more than once. A=Beaumaris Castle B=Conwy Castle C=Harlech Castle D=Penrhyn Castle Which castle (s)... was seized by its enemies against whom it was designed to guard? {{U}}{{U}} 1 {{/U}}{{/U}} has the same name with another one built decades earlier? {{U}}{{U}} 2 {{/U}}{{/U}} are situated on a high place? {{U}}{{U}} 3 {{/U}}{{/U}}　{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}}{{/U}} was built with an easy access to the dock? {{U}}{{U}} 5 {{/U}}{{/U}} inspired awe with its setting against striking mountains? {{U}}{{U}} 6 {{/U}}{{/U}} was furnished to the design of its architect? {{U}}{{U}} 7 {{/U}}{{/U}} has few equals in terms of building techniques? {{U}}{{U}} 8 {{/U}}{{/U}} gives people a strong feeling of the Middle Ages? {{U}}{{U}} 9 {{/U}}{{/U}} was built for civilian use? {{U}}{{U}} 10 {{/U}}{{/U}} A Beaumaris Castle The king's military architect, the brilliant James of St George, brought all his experience and inspiration to bear when building this castle, the biggest and most ambitious venture he ever undertook. In pure architectural terms, Beaumaris is the most technically perfect castle in Britain. Its ingenious and perfectly symmetrical concentric "walls within walls" design, involving no less than four successive lines of fortifications, was state of the art for the late 13th century. The stronghold stands at one end of Castle Street, inextricably linked with the history of the town. This was the "beau mareys" (fair marsh) that Edward chose for a castle and garrison town. From the outside, Beaumaris appears almost handsome. It does not rear up menacingly like other fortresses but sits amid a scenic setting overlooking mountains and the sea, partially surrounded by a water-filled moat. The "gate next-the-sea" entrance protected the tidal dock which allowed supply ships to sail right up to the castle. Beaumaris is endlessly fascinating. There is so much to see here—the 14 separate obstacles that any attacker would have to overcome, the hundreds of cleverly sited arrow-slits, and the deadly use of "nmrder holes" to defend entrances. B Conwy Castle A distinguished historian wrote of Conwy: "Taken as a whole, Conwy is incomparably the most magnificent of Edward I's Welsh fortresses." The gritty, dark-stone fortress has the rare ability to evoke an authentic medieval atmosphere. The first time that visitors catch sight of the castle, commanding a rock above the Conwy estuary and demanding as much attention as the dramatic Snowdonia Mountain behind it, they know that they are in the presence of an historic site which still casts a powerful spell. Constructed by the English monarch between 1283 and 1287 as one of the key fortresses in his "iron ring" of castles to contain the Welsh, Conwy was built to prompt such a humbling reaction. There are no concentric "walls-within-walls" here, because they were not needed. Conwy's massive military strength springs from the rock on which it stands and seems to grow naturally. Soaring curtain walls and eight huge round towers give the castle an intimidating presence undimmed by the passage of time. Conwy is the classic walled town. Its circuit of walls, over one and a quarter kilometers long and guarded by no fewer than 21 towers and three double-towered gateways, is one of the finest in the world. C Harlech Castle Spectacularly-sited Harlech Castle seems to grow naturally from the rock on which it is perched. Like an all-seeing sentinel, it gazes out across land and sea, keeping watchful eye over Snowdonia Mountain. The English monarch Edward I built Harlech in the late 13th century to fulfill this very role. It was one of the most formidable of his "iron ring" of fortresses designed to contain the Welsh in their mountain fastness. Ironically, in 1404 it was taken by Welsh leader Owain Glyndwr who proceeded to hold a parliament there. Looking seawards, Harlech's battlements spring out of a near-vertical cliff-face, while any landward attackers would first have to deal with a massive twin-towered gatehouse. The sea, like Snowdonia, is one of the keys to Harlech's siting. Seaborne access was crucial in times of siege, and although the waters of Tremadog Bay have receded over the centuries, they may originally have lapped the cliffs beneath the castle. The fortress's massive inner walls and towers still stand almost to their full height. The views from its lofty battlements are truly panoramic, extending from the dunes at its feet to the purple mass of Snowdonia in the distance. Harlech, a combination of magnificent medieval military architecture and breathtaking location is an unmissable castle, a fact reinforced by its status as a World Heritage Inscribed site. D Penrhyn Castle Built for the wealthy Pennant family on the profits of Welsh slate and Jamaican sugar, Penrhyn Castle is an extravagant example of early 19th century neo-Norman architecture. It was built between 1820 and 1837 of Anglesey limestone, to the designs of Thomas Hopper. His patron, George Hay Dawkins (1764-1840), had taken the additional surname of Pennant on succeeding to the vast estates and fortunes of his cousin Richard Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn (1739-1808). The new castle engulfed another of the same name, built by Lord Penrhyn only 50 years earlier, and at the same time, the remains of the originally medieval manor house. Buried within its walls lie an earlier mock castle and a medieval hall, each a tribute to Penrhyn's long and fascinating past, with links to the Welsh princes, a pirate and an Archbishop of York. Penrhyn's architect Thomas Hopper, who also designed much of its furniture, filled the castle with intricate carvings, stained glass and handmade wallpapers. Walk through its rooms and see the one-ton slate bed made for Queen Victoria and a grand staircase that took ten years to build. On its walls hang one of the best art collections in Wales. The castle is surrounded by acres of parkland and wooded walks with beautiful plants.

填空题Whatdoesthelecturemainlyconcern?

填空题·was a huge and costly construction project which began in 17437

填空题The author chose the college he attended because he wanted a broad education that would develop flexibility and values.

填空题Periodically in history, there come periods of great transition in which work changes its meaning. There was a time, perhaps 10,000 years ago, when human beings stopped feeding themselves by hunting game and gathering plants, and increasingly turned to agriculture. In a way, that represented the invention of "work". Then, in the latter decades of the 18th century, as the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, there was another transition in which the symbols of work were no longer the hoe and the plow; they were replaced by the mill and the assembly line. (66) With the Industrial Revolution, machinery—powered first by steam, then by electricity and internal combustion engines—took over the hard physical tasks and relieved the strain on human and animal muscles. (67) And yet, such jobs have been characteristic of the human condition in the first three-quarters of the 20th century. They've made too little demand on the human mind and spirit to keep them fresh and alive, made too much demand for any machine to serve the purpose until now. The electronic computer, invented in the 1940's and improved at breakneck speed, was a machine that, for the first time, seemed capable of doing work that had until then been the preserve of the human mind. With the coming of the microchip in the 1970's, computers became compact enough, versatile enough and (most important of all) cheap enough to serve as the brains of affordable machines that could take their place on the assembly line and in the office. (68) First, what will happen to the human beings who have been working at these disappearing jobs? Second, where will we get the human beings that will do the new jobs that will appear—jobs that are demanding, interesting and mind-exercising, but that requires a high-tech level of thought and education? (69) The first problem, that of technological unemployment, will be temporary, for it will arise out of the fact that there is now a generation of employees who have not been educated to fit the computer age. However, (in advanced nations, at least) they will be the last generation to be so lacking, so that with them this problem will disappear or, at least, diminish to the point of non-crisis proportions. The second problem—that of developing a large enough number of high-tech minds to run a high-tech world—will be no problem at all, once we adjust our thinking. (70) Right now, creativity seems to be confined to a very few, and it is easy to suppose that that is the way it must be. However, with the proper availability of computerized education, humanity will surprise the elite few once again. A. There remained, however, the "easier" labor—the labor that required the human eyes, ears, judgment and mind but no sweating. It nevertheless had its miseries, for it tended to be dull, repetitious, and boring. And there is always the sour sense of endlessly doing something unpleasant under compulsion. B. For one thing, much of human effort that is today put into "running the world" will be unnecessary. With computers, robots and automation, a great deal of the daily grind will appear to be running itself. This is nothing startling. It is a trend that has been rapidly on its way ever since World War Ⅱ. C. And now we stand at the brink of a change that will be the greatest of all, for work in its old sense will disappear altogether. To most people, work has always been an effortful exercising of mind or body—compelled by the bitter necessity of earning the necessities of life—plus an occasional period of leisure in which to rest or have fun. D. Clearly there will be a painful period of transition, one that is starting already, and one that will be in full swing as the 21st century begins. E. In the first place, the computer age will introduce a total revolution in our notions of education, and is beginning to do so now. The coming of the computer will make learning fun, and a successfully stimulated mind will learn quickly. It will undoubtedly turn out that the "average" child is much more intelligent and creative than we generally suppose. There was a time, after all, when the ability to read and write was confined to a very small group of "scholars" and almost all of them would have scouted the notion that just about anyone could learn the intricacies of literacy. Yet with mass education general literacy came to be a fact. F. This means that the dull, the boring, the repetitious, the mind-stultifying work will begin to disappear from the job market—is already beginning to disappear. This, of course, will introduce two vital sets of problem—is already introducing them.

填空题"Down-to-earth" means someone or something that is honest, realistic and easy to deal with. It is a pleasure to find 1 who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk 2 and accepts other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the 3 of someone who acts important or proud. Down-to-earth persons may be 4 members of society, of course. But they do not let their importance " 5 to their heads". They do not consider themselves to be better persons than 6 of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, 7 without cause, is said to have "his nose in the air". There is 8 way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth. Americans 9 another expression that means almost the same as "down-to-earth". The expression is "both-feet-on-the-ground". Someone 10 both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good understanding 11 reality. He has what is called "common sense, " he may have dreams, 12 he does not allow them to block his knowledge of 13 is real. The opposite kind of 14 is one who has his "head-in-the-clouds". A man with his head-in-the- clouds is a dreamer 15 mind is not in the real world. 16 , such a dreamer can be brought back to earth. Sharp words from teacher can usually 17 a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. Usually, the person who is down-to-earth is very 18 to have both feet on the ground. 19 we have both our feet on the ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly 20 others. Our fives are like the ground below us, solid and strong.

填空题A=Washington D.C. B=New York City C=Chicago D=Los Angeles Which book(s) say(s) that... · is the headquarter of the Supreme court. 1 · was discovered as early as 1524. 2 · has served as the capital of the country. 3 · is now the largest industrial city in the country. 4 · leads the country in the manufacture of aircraft and spare parts. 5 · is the largest city. 6 · is the second largest city in population in U. S.A. 7 · has become one of the world"s busiest ports. 8 · covers an area of over 69 square miles. 9 · is now considered the center of industry, transportation, commerce and finance in the mid-west area. 10 1. Washington D. C. Washington, the capital of the United States, is in Washington D.C. and is situated on the Potomac River between the two states of Maryland and Virginia. The population of the city is about 800,000 and it covers an area of over 69 square miles (including 8 square miles of water surface). The section was named the District of Columbia after Christopher Columbus, who discovered the continent. The city itself was named Washington after George Washington, the first president of U. S. A. The building of the city was accomplished in 1,800 and since that year, it has served as the capital of the country. Thomas Jefferson was the first president inaugurated there. In the War of 1812, the British army seized the city, burning the White House and many other buildings. Washington is the headquarters of all the branches of the American federal system, Congress, the Supreme Court and the Presidency. Apart from the government buildings, there are also some other places of interest such as the Washington Monument, the Lincoln Memorial, the Jefferson Memorial, the Library of Congress and Mt. Vernon, home of George Washington. 2. New York City New York City, located in New York State, is the largest city and the chief port of the United States. The city of New York has a population of over 7 million (1970) and Metro politan, 12 million. The city has five boroughs. Manhattan, Brooklyn the Bronx, Queen"s and Richmond. The city with its good harbor was discovered as early as 1524, and it was established by the Dutch who named the city New Amsterdam. In 1664, the city was taken by the English and it got the name New York as it bears now. During the American Revolution in 1776, George Washington had his head-quarters for a time in New York City. The Declaration of Independence was first read there on July 4th, 1776. The city remained the nation"s capital until 1790. New York became an important port early in the last century. A large portion of the national exports passed through New York Harbor. New York has become one of the world"s busiest ports and also the financial, manufacturing, and travel center of the country. Some of the places of interest in the city are. the Statue of Liberty (152 meters high) which was given by the French people to the American people as a gift in 1877. It was erected on Liberty Island in the middle of New York Harbor. Broadway, Wall Street and Fifth Avenue are a few of New York"s more famous streets. Wall Street, where many famous banks are centered, is the financial center of America and has become a symbol of the American monopoly capitalism. Fifth Avenue is the street with famous stores and shops. Time Square is in the center of New York City, at Broadway and 42nd Street. Greenwich Village is an art center. Many American artists and writers have lived and worked there. The group of the third largest city buildings of the United Nations stand along the East River at the end of the 42nd Street. 3. Chicago Chicago, the second largest city in population in the United States, lies on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan at a point where the Chicago River enters the lake. The city is now the largest industrial city in the country. Both heavy and light industries are highly developed, particularly the former. Black metallurgical industry and meat processing are assumed to be the head in the U. S. It is now considered the center of industry, transportation, commerce and finance in the mid-west area. The working class in Chicago has a glorious revolutionary tradition. On May 1st, 1886, thousands upon thousands of workers in the city and the country went on strike for the eight-hour workday and succeeded. Since 1890, May 1st has been observed every year as an International Labor Day. On March 8th 1909, women workers in Chicago held a big strike for freedom and equal rights with men and since 1910, March 8th has been celebrated each year as an International Working Women"s Day. 4. Los Angeles Los Angeles is situated near the Pacific coast in California. It is an important center of shipping, industry and communication. The city was first founded by a Spanish explorer in 1542 and turned over to the U. S. in 1846. The city leads the country in the manufacture of aircraft and spare parts and the area has become an aviation center. California is a leading state in the production of electronic products and the area of Los Angeles has grown into an important electronic center. Since the first American movie was made in Los Angeles in 1908, the city has remained the film center of the United States. Hollywood, the base of the film industry in the city, is a world famous film producing center.

填空题Accordingtothepassage,whatWereparentsusuallyexpectedtoprovidefortheirchildren?

填空题 There are several things about motorcycling that the average citizen dislikes. A cyclist's{{U}} (31) {{/U}}has something to do with this dislike. Motorcylists frequently look dirty, in fact, they are dirty. On the road there is little to{{U}} (32) {{/U}}them from mud, crushed insects, and bird droppings. For practical reasons they often{{U}} (33) {{/U}}in old clothing which looks much less{{U}} (34) {{/U}}than the clothing of people who ride in cars. For the same reason motorcyclists usually wear{{U}} (35) {{/U}}colors. Perhaps this helps to explain why they are sometimes{{U}} (36) {{/U}}of having evil natures. In old{{U}} (37) {{/U}}of long ago, evil characters usually wear black. In{{U}} (38) {{/U}}movies the "bad guys" usually wear black hats{{U}} (39) {{/U}}the "good guys" wear lighter colors. Something else about their appearance makes an{{U}} (40) {{/U}}impression. In their practical, protective clothing they very much like the men{{U}} (41) {{/U}}military motorcycles in the movies of World War Two-cruel enemies who reared into{{U}} (42) {{/U}}villages{{U}} (43) {{/U}}people's hearts with fear. Probably{{U}} (44) {{/U}}machine itself also produces anger and fear. Motorcycles are noisy, though some big trucks are even noisier. But trucks are big and carry heavy{{U}} (45) {{/U}}. They are accepted (If not really welcomed) because they perform a{{U}} (46) {{/U}}service, making America move. Motorcycles, on the{{U}} (47) {{/U}}hand, make an unpleasant noise just to give their riders{{U}} (48) {{/U}}. That is what is commonly thought. In the woods motorcycles frighten animals. {{U}}(49) {{/U}}along quiet streets, they disturb{{U}} (50) {{/U}}families and make babies cry.

填空题·has the best engine design in terms of saying money?

填空题 With extension work already underway at the Capital International Airport, plans have been unveiled for a second airport for Beijing. The new airport will be {{U}}(31) {{/U}} after the 2008 Olympics, said a civil aviation administration official. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) recently called {{U}}(32) {{/U}} authorities to speed up their consultations on {{U}}(33) {{/U}} the new airport will be. Hong Shanyuan, an official with the airport {{U}}(34) {{/U}} of the General Administration of Civil Aviation (CAAC) said {{U}}(35) {{/U}} could be built in Hebei Province or to the south of the city. "The site of the airport will be {{U}}(36) {{/U}} from either the city of Langfang, in Hebei Province or at the Nanyuan Airport to the south of Beijing," said Hong. He told China Daily that {{U}}(37) {{/U}} have only got as far as looking for a site. In the past, there had been {{U}}(38) {{/U}} that the new airport might be built in Tianjin or Beijing's Tongzhou District. "In my opinion, the two candidate sites have similar advantages, {{U}}(39) {{/U}}for their airspace {{U}}(40) {{/U}}," said Wang Wei, a professor with the Civil Aviation University {{U}}(41) {{/U}} China. He stressed that the authorities should select the site with the {{U}}(42) {{/U}} available airspace. Beijing already has a few no-fly zones, {{U}}(43) {{/U}} have restricted the development of the {{U}}(44) {{/U}} capital airport. The construction of a second {{U}}(45) {{/U}} airport will have to take into {{U}}(46) {{/U}} what airspace remains, said Wang. The site at Langfang is a "moderate" {{U}}(47) {{/U}} from other nearby airports, said Li Haijun, an official with the Langfang Development and Reform Commission. "We believe building the capital's second airport in Langfang will not influence the {{U}}(48) {{/U}} of other nearby airports," said Li. Langfang also has other {{U}}(49) {{/U}}, such as no no-fly zones over the city and no large residential areas near the site. However, Langfang also has some disadvantages {{U}}(50) {{/U}} with the other candidate, Nanyuan Airport in southern Beijing.

填空题Perhaps {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}are far more wives that I imagine who take it for {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}that housework is neither satisfying nor even important once the basic demands of hygiene and feeding have been {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But home and family is the one realm in {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}it is really difficult to shake free of one's upbringing and create new values. My parents' house was impeccably kept; cleanliness {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}a moral and social virtue, and personal untidiness, visibly old clothes, or long male hair provoked biting jocularity. If that {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}been all, maybe I could have adapted myself {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}housework on {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}easy-going, utilitarian basis, refusing the moral overtones but still believing in it as something constructive {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}it is part of creating a home. But at the same time my mother used to resent {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}it, called it drudgery, and convinced me that it wasn't fit activity for an intelligent being. I was the only child, and once I was at school there was no {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}why she should have continued {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}her will to remain housebound, unless, as I suspect, my father would not hear of her having a job of her own. I can now begin to understand why a woman in a small suburban house, with no infants to look {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, who does not {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}reading because she has not had much of an education, and who is intelligent {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}to find neighborly chit-chat boring, should carry the pursuit of microscopic specks of dust to the {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}of fanaticism in an {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}to fill hours and salvage her self-respect. My parents had not even the status-seeking impetus to send me to university that Joe's had; my mother {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}me to be "a nice quiet person who wouldn't be noticed {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}a crowd", and it was feared that university education {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}in ingratitude (independence).

填空题Uganda Uganda is in the central part of Africa, near the equator. It became independent in 1962. Until then it had been a British protectorate. The area of Uganda is 93,981 square miles. About ten million people live there. Uganda is a land of mountains, lakes and plains. Mount Ruwenzori is in a mountain range with peaks above 16,700 feet. The chief rivers are the Victoria Nile and Albert Nile, branches of the great Nile River. Almost all of the people of Uganda are African black people of various tribes. The Buganddas are most powerfull and their language is semi-official, but there are more Bantus — the people who live in the north from another group. Nearly everyone understands the Swahili language. Most of the people are farmers. There are some wandering tribes that raise livestock, workers in the few factories, and miners. Important crops are coffee, tea, cotton, oil seeds, sugar, sisal, maize, and apatite. The climate is usually very hot. The many wild animals include the elephant, buffalo, hippopotamus, and crocodile. Uganda is a republic and a member of the British Commonwealth. It has a National Assemby, a prime minister, and a president. But since independence there has been much political trouble, which has been caused by sectional and tribal rivalries. Uganda is surrounded by Kenya, Sudan, Zaire, and Tanzania. Lake Victoria lies in the south of Uganda. It is one of the Largest lakes in Africa shared by several countries. Kenya Kenya is a nation in East Africa that became independent in 1963 after being controlled by Great Britain for more than 75 years. It has an area of 225,000 square miles, and its population is twelve million. Nearly all of the people are African blacks. The largest group being the Kikiyu tribe, but in 1973 there were 270,321 Kenyans who were white Europeans or from India. The central part of Kenya is high and level 3,000 to 6,000 feet above the sea. Here the climate is cool and comfortable. The seacoast of Kenya is hot and damp. There are three big rivers, the Juba, the Tana and the Sabaski. In central Kenya, there is an extinct volcano 17,040 feet high. The equator runs through Kenya. Most of the people are farmers. In central Kenya they grow grains and bananas; along the coast they grow rice, coffee, cotton, tobacco, and many tropical crops such as coconuts, cinnamon, pineapples, sugar cane, vanilla, and dates. There are big forests yielding rubber and olives. The mountains produce gold, marble and other stones. Many tourists go to Kenya for biggame hunting. Great Britain took control of Kenya in 1886 and sent settlers there. In 1920 Kenya became a British colony. But the native Kenyans wanted independence and about 1950 a group called the Mau Mau began a campaign to drive the British out. It won its independence through free elections. It is a member of the British Commonwealth. Kenya's neighboring countries are Somali, Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya also shares Lake Victoria. Zaire Zaire is an independent country in central equatorial Africa. Prior to its independence in 1960, Zaire was a Belgian colony and was called the Belgian Congo. After its independence, the country has undergone several years of political upheavals. In 1966, political stability was achieved and the country was renamed Zarie. Zaire is rich in tropical vegetation, mineral resources, and abundant wildlife. The country is 905,328 square miles in size, and is subdivided into nine provinces. The country's population is primarily Blacks. They represent more than 200 different Bantu tribes. They speak many different languages but Swahili is widely used. Zaire depends mainly on agriculture and mining for its livelihood. Efforts are being made to expand industry in the country. Many of the people are farmers, and they raise cotton, rubber, bananas, and coffee for export. Corn and sweet potatoes are grown for eating. Mining is important, and many people work in rich uranium, copper, and diamond mines. Geographically, Zaire is made up of a low plateau in the center, which is surrounded by higher land. The central region is tropical rainforest and contains valuable wood such as mahogany. Also from the forest, the country receives rubber, palm oil, and nuts. The animal life of Zaire includes lions, elephants, monkeys, crocodiles and other species. The Zaire River is one of the longest rivers in the world. Zaire borders many countries such as Uganda, Angola, Zambis, Sudan, and central African Republic. * and Zaire do not border Ethiopia? (71) * depends on both farming and mining? (72) * is not on the equator? (73) * gained its independence the latest? (74) * does not share Lake Victoria? (75) * grows rice as one of its main crops (76) * borders the other two? (77) * is like a basin? (78) * is a place where people often go for hunting big animals? (79) * grows sweet potatoes for food? (80)

填空题has been broadly characterized by its openness to trade and foreign investment?

填空题Walking—like swimming, bicycling and running—is an aerobic exercise, 1 builds the capacity for energy output and physical endurance by increasing the supply of oxygen to skin and muscles. Such exercises may be a primary factor in the 2 of heart and circulatory disease. As probably the least strenuous, safest aerobic activity, walking is the 3 acceptable exercise for the largest number of people. Walking 4 comfortable speed improves the efficiency of the cardiorespiratory system 5 stimulating the lungs and heart, but at a more gradual rate 6 most other forms of exercise. In one test, a group of men 40 to 57 years of age, 7 at a fast pace for 40 minutes four days a week, showed improvement 8 to men the same age on a 30 minute, three-day-a-week jogging program in the same period. Their resting heart rate and body fat decreased 9 . These changes suggest 10 of the important—even vital—benefits walking can 11 about. Walking 12 burns calories. It takes 3,500 calories to gain or 13 one pound. Since a one-hour walk at a moderate pace will 14 up 300 to 360 calories. By walking one hour every other day, you can burn up a pound-and-a-half monthly, or 18 pounds 15 providing there is no change in your intake of food. To 16 weight faster, walk an hour every day and burn up 3 pounds a month, or 36 pounds a year. 17 your age, right now is the time to give your physical well being as much thought as you 18 to pensions or insurance. Walking is a vital defense 19 the ravages of degenerative diseases and aging. It is nature"s 20 of giving you a tuneup.

填空题·served as a model for the remaining 12 for its good preservation?

填空题A=Wind Power B=Coal-Fired Power C=Nuclear Power Which Power... ● can bring about ash which contains heavy metals? 1 ● is the only energy-producing industry which takes full responsibility for all its waters? 2 ● does not deplete our natural resources? 3 ● can be produced by the fuels which can even be transported by aircraft? 4 ● does not produce carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases? 5 ● contributes to acid rain and snow? 6 ● is expected to be the cheapest source of electricity available? 7 ● has significant environmental implications? 8 ● produces carbon dioxide which is expensive to remove or reduce? 9 ● is considered promising concerning carbon dioxide emissions? 10 Wind Power Wind energy has been harnessed by man for at least 4,000 years. About 1,400 years ago Persians were using wind energy to grind grain. By 1800, there were an estimated 500,000 windmills in Europe and China. Wind power also played an important role in settling the Great Plains. In 1930 more than 600,000 windmills were at work in the U.S., pumping water and producing electricity. Electricity from the wind is clean, renewable, and inexhaustible. Nothing is burned or "used up" to produce wind power. Using wind power in place of coal, natural gas, or oil avoids the environmental impacts of mining, drilling, transporting and burning these fuels. It does not deplete our natural resources. No land must be strip-mined to extract it. Furthermore, wind power does not pollute the air or water, does not create hazardous waste, and does not produce carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases. It does not threaten the earth"s climate. We have an incredible opportunity to create a cleaner environmental future for ourselves, our children and our communities. It"s wind power-and it"s up to us! Wind farms may harm birds. At some sites, particularly Altamont Pass in California, wind turbines have caused a regrettable increase in deaths of birds, including hawks and eagles. But today"s newer wind farms are sited to avoid such conflicts. For example, the National Audubon Society has approved the location selected for the first wind farm in Colorado. Wind turbine manufacturers have also developed new rotor and tower designs to minimize bird mortality. Wind power costs more than regular electricity. The cost of wind power has fallen dramatically in recent years, from about 38 cents per kilowatt hour in the early 1980s to about 5 cents per kilowatt hour today. The cost of wind power is expected to fall. By 2015, most analysts expect wind to be the cheapest source of electricity available. Coal-Fired Power Coal-fired power stations worldwide consume over 1,600 million tonnes of black coal each year to produce 39% of the electricity. A 1,000 megawatt electrical (MWE) coal-fired power station burning coal and operating at 80% capacity has a typical fuel requirement of 3.2 million tonnes of black coal a year. Each year the 1,000 MWE coal-fired power station produces about 8 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, perhaps 200,000 tonnes of sulfur dioxide (depending on the particular coal) and typically about 200,000 tonnes of solids, mostly fly ash. The ash contains several hundred tonnes of toxic heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium and mercury which remain toxic forever. The combustion of coal may also release radioactive heavy metals (U and Th) contained in it, though these are mostly retained in the fly ash. If the electricity produced worldwide by nuclear reactors each year were generated instead by burning coal, an additional 2300 million tonnes of carbon dioxide would be released into the atmosphere. This can be compared with the target of a 5% reduction (600 million tonnes per year) in carbon dioxide by the year 2010, as agreed in 1997 just for the developed countries. If brown coal is used the carbon dioxide figure is about 9 million tonnes. Burning of fossil fuels contributes to acid rain and snow, climate change, urban smog, and regional haze. Methods exist for removing sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide although the cost is high. Fly ash is generally captured and dumped in landfill. However there is no economically feasible way to remove or reduce carbon dioxide from the burning of coal. Nuclear Power Nuclear power is the only energy-producing industry which takes full responsibility for all its wastes and costs. None of these emissions, like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides occur at a nuclear power station, where virtually all wastes are contained in the spent fuel and not released to the environment. Nuclear fuel by comparison is extremely modest in volume and if necessary can even be transported by aircraft. A 1,000 MWE nuclear power station requires one truck-load delivery a month, or an average of about 70 kg per day, which would fit in a small briefcase. An equivalent sized coal-fired station needs some 8,800 tonnes of coal to be delivered every day. The total amount of spent fuel resulting from operation of all the world"s commercial nuclear power stations is about 14,000 tonnes per year. About two thirds of this is treated as waste, the rest is reprocessed to recover useful fuel material. By reprocessing the spent fuel, the amount is reduced to about 3 % high-level radioactive waste, with the balance being recycled as fresh fuel. Without nuclear power the world would have to rely almost entirely on fossil fuels, especially coal, to meet electricity demands for base-load electricity production. This has significant environmental, and particularly greenhouse gas, implications. Nuclear electricity is one part of the solution of the energy equation for today and tomorrow, particularly in the light of concerns about carbon dioxide emissions.