单选题New Zealand is in ______, halfway between the equator and the South Pole. A. the Southern Pacific Ocean B. the Northern Pacific Ocean C. the Atlantic Ocean D. the Indian Ocean

单选题Print on paper is a little like democracy: the worst possible system except for all the others. Books are fragile, they are bulky, they are not easy to search through. They are certainly not suited to computerization. Yet printed volumes have endured half a millennium as readable as the day they came off the press, whereas digital data a mere 30 years old may have vanished past hope of retrieval. The film Into the Future: On the preservation of knowledge in the Electronic Age is itself an object lesson in how fast digital information becomes obsolete. One of the pioneering interactive-media companies whose workers and products appear on screen ceased operations shortly after being fihned. All the software whose images define "the Internet" is long since replaced. How fast do archivists have to run to stay in the same place? Just plain data must be recopied onto new media every 10 years to stay ahead of physical deterioration and the junking of machines that can read outdated formats. Given this galloping obsolescence, it seems ironic that the film's creators should have devoted a significant part of its time to the digitizing of paper archives. And yet they -and we -have no choice: the digital bug has infected us all, and interactive multimedia, with indexed and linked text, pictures and sound, have a convenience and impact that make conversion irresistible. The growing popularity of the World Wide Web offers some hope that publishers and archivists can format both old and new data in ways that will remain understandable for decades rather than months. But the Web brings its own complications. New, undescribed classes of collected information live on the Web in forms that confuse conventional notions of what a document is. How should -or can -such a single separate and independent existence be archived without potentially archiving the entire Web? Many Web pages are not even fixed documents in the most basic sense. Two users who ask their Web browsers to open the same "document" may see quite different things on their screens. Besides, the fastest connections on the Internet transmit a mere 45 million bits per second, and so even a single snapshot of the trillion or more bytes available on the Web would take weeks of computer and network time. Meanwhile new sites spring up every day, and some existing sites change their information from minute to minute. In a sense, then, the Web has moved from a Newtonian to an Einsteinian model: it makes no more sense to speak of the state of the Web now than it does to speak of synchronizing clocks located far apart. By the time information has gone from here to there, it is already out of date. It seems strange that a medium intended for the widest possible distribution of knowledge should demonstrate the impossibility of acquiring complete information. Where the Web was once a map for finding useful information in the "real world," it is now a territory where that information, ever changing, resides.

单选题Why does the author say that "we need a Plan C"?

单选题WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthesafetyofputtingphotosonline?A.Donotcopyorpastepicturestoyourwebsite.B.Sanitizingyourphotosonlineguaranteestheirsafety.C.Comparedwithemails,websitesareSafertosharephotos.D.Evenyourfriendsmayuseyourphotosforabadpurpose.

单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} Allergies cause heaps of trouble. Some people suffer the nuisance of seasonal hay fever, snuffling and sneezing as pollen flows through the air. Others react to materials such as metals, developing unpleasant rashes at their very touch. And some sorry souls go into shock at the mere presence of certain foods, particularly peanuts and shellfish. The cause in each case is an oversensitive immune system that is reacting to harmless materials as well as to the pathogens it is supposed to be fighting. This creates annoying and sometimes life-threatening symptoms. Chronically over-reactive immune systems may not, though, be an entirely bad thing. Another role played by the immune system is to destroy malignant tumours before they take hold—and work carried out recently by Annette Wigertz of the Karolinska Institute, in Stockholm, and her colleagues suggests that the immune systems of those with allergies may be particularly good at this. However, in a nice example of the way that one set of data is sometimes capable of divergent—indeed, opposite—interpretations, she may instead have discovered a clue about how cancers shut down immune systems in order that they themselves may prosper. This Manichean finding came after Dr. Wigertz and her team interviewed 1,527 people with gliomas (a type of brain turnout) in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden and the south-east of England. The researchers asked the patients in question whether they had a history of allergies, and then compared the results with those for 3,309 otherwise similar individuals who did not have brain tumours. As Dr. Wigertz reports in the American Journal of Epidemiology, the tumour-free were, indeed, more likely to suffer from allergies. The presence of an allergy was associated with a 30% reduction in the likelihood of having a glioma. This was not all that surprising. Previous research had detected similar inverse correlations between allergies and brain tumours, suggesting that a welcome side effect of allergy was resistance to cancer. But this new study went further. It looked carefully at the time in the patients' lives when their allergies were active, and it found that this timing was crucial. Dr. Wigertz noted that the absence of allergy was correlated with the time when a glioma first formed. That was true even in people who had previously had allergies which had then cleared up. Awkwardly, this result is open to two rather different interpretations. The optimistic explanation is that the hyperactive immune system associated with allergy does, indeed, protect against turnouts. In that case, the coincidence was caused by turnouts taking advantage, as it were, of the reduced immune surveillance that accompanied the disappearance of the allergy. The sinister interpretation is that tumours are doing something as they grow that suppresses the immune system and thus allergic reactions. Either way, turnout and lack of allergy coincide. And either way, something interesting is going on. But Dr. Wigertz's result illustrates the perils of leaping to conclusions on the basis of incomplete data.

单选题It was a cold, rainy and wholly miserable afternoon in Washington, and a hot muggy night in Miami. It was Sunday, and three games were played in the two cities. The people playing them and the people watching them tell us much about the ever-changing ethnic structure of the United States. American males are more addicted to sports than females are, but not by a huge margin. Females are more addicted to the theatre and concert halls than males are, but not by a huge margin. In our electronic age, addicts and experts alike can be couch potatoes, enjoying their entertainments from the comfort of home. Tree fans get off their butts and go. The three games in the two cities on that miserable Sunday afternoon had respective attendances of 75, 061, 67, 204 and 57, 318. The biggest crowd watched professional football, in which the Washington Redskins were beaten by the Baltimore Ravens. The crowds sat in the cold and rain, and most of them endured the weather to the bitter end because the outcome of the game was in doubt. Professional football in the United States is almost wholly played by native-born American citizens, mostly very large and very strong, many of them black. It is a game of physical strength. Linemen routinely weigh more than 300 pounds. Players are valued for their weight and muscles, for how fast they can run, and how hard they can hit each other. Football draws the biggest crowds, but the teams play only once a week, because they get so battered. The 67, 204 fans were in Miami for the final game of the baseball World Series. Baseball was once America's favourite game, but has lost that claim to basketball. The 1997 World Series was much reviled in the news media of the largest cities, mostly because they had been shut out of it. NBC, which broadcast the Series, wished loudly that it hadn't. Despite all the bad press, every game was sold out and double the tickets could have been sold had the stadiums accommodated more people. Baseball is a game that requires strength, but not hugeness. Agility, quickness, perfect vision and quick reaction are more important than pure strength. Baseball was once a purely American game, but has spread around much of the New World. In that Sunday's finale, the final hit of the extra inning game was delivered by a native of Columbia. The Most Valuable Player in the game was a native of Cuba. The rosters of both teams were awash with Hispanic names, as is Miami, which now claims the World Championship is a game that may be losing popularity in America, but has gained it in much of the rest of the world. Baseball in America has taken on a strong Hispanic flavor, with a dash of Japanese added for seasoning. In soccer, the ethnic tide has been the reverse of baseball's. Until recently, professional soccer in the United States had largely been an import, played by south Americans and Europeans. Now, American citizens in large numbers are finally taking up the most popular game in the world. Basketball, an American invention increasingly played around the world, these days draws large crowds back home. Likewise, hockey, a game largely imported to the United States from neighbouring Canada. Lacrosse, a version of which was played by Native Americans before the Europeans arrived, is also gaining a keen national following. Sports of all kinds are winning support from American armchair enthusiasts from a variety of ethnic backgrounds.

单选题We learn from the passage that schools in Kalkaska, Michigan, are funded ______.

单选题In 1865, ______ by the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the U.S. [A] woman obtained voting right [B] liquor was abolished [C] the slavery was legally abolished [D] citizens of the United States got the equal protection of laws

单选题The main idea of this passage is about ________.

单选题What'sthemainpurposeofthetalk?A.Tointroducetheconceptofinflation.B.Todiscussthecausesofinflation.C.Toreviewyesterday'slectureoninflation.D.Toargueinfavorofinflation.

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单选题Questions 18 ～ 21 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Question 18 ～ 21.

单选题 {{I}}{{B}} Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following talk about school meals in the UK. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 to 20.{{/I}}{{/B}}

单选题According to the passage, an understanding of the self can be______.

单选题The writer has the opinion that when you paint your house, you will most likely choose______.

单选题Questions 14 to 17 are based on an introduction to early movie making. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 to 17.

单选题{{B}}Text 3{{/B}} Women's minds work differently from men's. At least, that is what most men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subject either as a matter or frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better or worse. There is, however, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes—the link between the two halves of the brain. The two halves are linked by a trunkline of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corpus callosum. Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibers than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance. The question is "What?", and, if this difference exists, are there others? Re- search shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences. But could we be wrong? Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. For most people, the left half is used for wordhanding, analytical and logical activities; the right half works on pictures, patterns and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And, according to research findings, women have the better connections. But it isn't all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at "language subjects" and boys better at maths and physics. If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunkline, there is an unalterable distinction between the sexes. We shan't know for a while, partly because we don't know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subject and the functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand how the two halves inter-act via the corpus callosum. But this striking difference must have some effect and, because the difference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing.

单选题Questions 5--8 Complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN three words for each blank.

单选题 Questions 18～21 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 18～21.

单选题The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called ______. A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor