问答题中国园林可分为御花园和私家花同两类。前者多见于北方，后者则多见于南方，尤以苏州、无锡和南京三地为甚。 南方私家花园中的溪、桥、山、亭、小巧玲珑，布局精明，尽显其自然美，令人赏心悦目。桥大多为石桥，有直桥、曲桥、拱桥。直桥其实是一块不加装饰的石板，通常与河岸或河水齐高，给人一种临水的感觉。曲桥设有低栏杆，西湖上的九曲桥就属此桥。拱桥可以分为单拱桥和多拱桥两种。园内的小溪虽占地不多，却同小桥与石屿相得益彰，浑然一体。 石头与假山是中国南方园林的特色。奇形怪状的石头常带有引人注目的波纹线条和水孔。硕大的石头可自成一景，而较小的石块则堆积成假山，为园林增添无比魅力。走廊是中国园林的另一大特色，有河边的河廊，花丛中的花廊，柳树丛中的柳廊，竹林中的竹廊。对客人来说，这些走廊可谓是优秀导游，在一座大花园里沿廊而行，可以观赏园内的各处景观。 形态各异的窗户点缀在走廊上，有方形，有圆形，有六角形，也有八角形。许多窗户的图案也都装饰得非常美丽，游客可以透过这些艳丽多彩的走廊窗户，将园内的佳境尽收眼底。园林的大门同窗户一样也雕刻成各种形状，给环境带来了生气，增添了雅趣。 花园的墙壁通常粉刷成白色。隐匿在鲜花、树木、小山丛中的白墙，与灰瓦褐窗形成强烈的反差。白墙上树影婆娑，池塘中柳枝起舞，在园中徜徉的游客，也许能在这世外桃源里真正地享受片刻安宁。

问答题——在2008年亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会上的演讲(2008年11月21日，秘鲁利马)中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛 尊做的主席先生，女士们，先生们，朋友们： 今天，很高兴同各位工商领导人再次相会，就应对国际金融危机和中国发展问题同大家交换看法。 2008年对于中国是极不平凡的一年。中国人民成功抗击了严重低温雨雪冰冻灾害、四川汶川特大地震灾害，成功举办了北京奥运会、残奥会。借此机会，我谨代表中国政府和人民，向为我们抗击特大自然灾害和举办北京奥运会、残奥会提供支持和帮助的各国各地区工商界朋友们，表示诚挚的谢意! 女士们、先生们、朋友们! 当前，国际金融危机仍在蔓延，已从局部发展到全球，从发达国家传导到新兴市场国家，从金融领域扩散到实体经济领域，给世界各国经济发展和人民生活带来了严重影响，形势十分严峻。有效应对国际金融危机，维护国际金融稳定，促进世界经济发展，事关全球发展前景，事关各国切身利益。日前，二十国集团领导人金融市场和世界经济峰会在华盛顿举行，会议就国际社会合作应对国际金融危机、促进世界经济发展、改革国际金融体系达成广泛共识。在这个关键时刻，世界各国应该增强信心、加强协调、密切合作，迅速采取有效措施，包括采取一切必要的财政和货币手段，遏制金融危机扩散和蔓延，尽快稳定国际金融市场，尽量减轻这场金融危机对实体经济的损害，促进世界经济增长，维护世界各国人民共同利益。 中国欢迎有关国家为应对这场金融危机采取的积极措施，希望能够尽快取得成效。中国在力所能及的范围内为应对国际金融危机作出了重大努力，采取了一系列举措，包括确保国内银行体系稳定、向金融市场和金融机构提供必要的流动性支持、密切同其他国家宏观经济政策的协调和配合，等等。中国将本着负责任的态度，继续同国际社会一道，加强合作，努力维护国际金融市场稳定。 国际社会应该认真总结这场金融危机的教训，在所有利益攸关方充分协商的基础上，把握建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序的方向，坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性、实效性的原则，对国际金融体系进行必要的改革，创造有利于全球经济健康发展的制度环境。要加强国际金融监管合作，增强预警和监管能力；增强国际金融机构防范金融风险的全球责任，提高发展中国家在国际金融机构中的代表性和发言权；鼓励区域金融合作，增强区域流动性互助能力；稳步推进国际货币体系多元化，增强现有国际货币体系的有效性；各类金融机构和中介机构应该加强风险管理、提高透明度。 中国将继续推动建设可持续发展的世界经济体系、包容有序的国际金融体系、公正合理的国际贸易体系、公平有效的全球发展体系，坚持在实现本国发展的同时兼顾合作伙伴特别是发展中国家正当关切，支持国际社会帮助发展中国家增强自主发展能力、改善民生，支持推进贸易和投资自由化便利化，支持各国共同维护世界经济安全，促进各国共同发展繁荣。 女士们、先生们、朋友们! 当前，人们十分关注中国发展前景，工商界朋友们特别关心新形势下中国经济社会走向。在这里，我愿就中国未来发展向大家作一个扼要介绍。 今年是中国改革开放30周年。30年的改革开放，给中国经济社会发展带来了前所未有的巨大成就，极大地提高了中国的经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平。同时，我们也清醒地认识到，中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，实现现代化还有很长的路要走。在前进道路上，中国将坚持贯彻落实以人为本、全面协调可持续发展的科学发展观，毫不动摇地坚持改革方向，继续完善社会主义市场经济体制，着力构建充满活力、富有效率、更加开放、有利于科学发展的体制机制。中国将坚持走中国特色新型工业化道路，着力转变经济发展方式，促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变，由主要依靠增加物质资源消耗向主要依靠科技进步、劳动者素质提高、管理创新转变，努力建立现代产业体系。中国将坚持统筹城乡发展、统筹区域发展、统筹经济社会发展，推动形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局，推动区域协调发展。中国将坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，提倡绿色生产方式和生活方式，提高资源利用效率，控制污染物排放总量，努力形成集约发展、清洁发展的国民经济体系，实现自然生态系统和社会经济系统良性循环。中国将加快推动以改善民生为重点的社会建设，着力解决好教育、就业、收入分配、社会保障、扶贫开发、医疗卫生、安全生产等涉及群众切身利益的问题，使全体人民共享改革发展成果。中国将坚持对外开放的基本国策，提高开放型经济水平，扩大开放领域，以更加积极的姿态参与国际经济合作。 今年以来，中国积极应对国际经济环境的复杂变化和重大自然灾害的严峻挑战，及时加强宏观调控，经济保持较快增长，金融业稳健运行，经济发展的基本态势没有改变。今年1至9月，中国国内生产总值增长9.9%，投资、消费、出口三大需求增长都超过20%。但是，自9月以来，随着金融危机扩散和蔓延，中国经济发展遇到的困难日益显现，主要反映在出口增速开始下滑，工业生产和企业效益受到不同程度影响。针对这一情况，为了推动经济发展，中国政府及时加强宏观调控，决定实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，采取了降低银行存款准备金率、下调存贷款利率、减轻企业税负等措施。最近，中国政府又出台了更加有力的扩大国内需求措施，决定今年中央财政增加投资1000亿元人民币，用于加快民生工程、基础设施、生态环境建设和灾后重建，预计可带动社会总投资规模4000亿元人民币。从今年第四季度到2010年底，中国用于这些领域的投资将增加4万亿元人民币。这些措施的实施，必将有力推动中国经济发展。中国经济平稳较快发展本身就是对维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济发展的重要贡献。 女士们、先生们、朋友们! 作为全球最具活力和潜力的地区之一，亚太地区已成为世界经济发展的重要推动力量，在世界经济格局中作用和影响日益扩大。与此同时，世界经济形势严峻，能源安全和粮食安全问题突出，贸易保护主义抬头，生态环境恶化等问题都威胁着亚太地区经济健康稳定发展。亚太经合组织成员多样性明显，相互依存度高、互补性强，为我们深化区域合作、共同应对挑战提供了有利条件。亚太经合组织成员长期致力于实现茂物目标和推动经济技术合作，积累了丰富的合作经验，为我们加强政策协调、开展务实合作奠定了良好基础。我们应该携手努力，共同推动亚太地区经济继续向前发展。 工商界是世界经济领域的主力军，是国际经贸关系健康稳定发展的重要推动力量。在应对国际金融危机、促进世界经济健康稳定发展方面，工商界可以发挥重要作用。世界经济发展的实践告诉我们，维护国际金融市场稳定，促进世界经济健康稳定发展，发挥好各类企业特别是跨国企业的作用十分重要。企业是要追求经济效益的，这是企业生存和发展的必然要求。同时，企业是在社会中存在和经营的，也必须考虑自身行为的社会效益和社会影响，特别是要考虑自身行为对经济安全运行和民众生活的影响。大家共同营造和维护一个良好发展环境，最终对每个企业都有利。在经济全球化深入发展的条件下，企业应该树立全球责任观念，自觉将社会责任纳入经营战略，遵守所在国法律和国际通行的商业习惯，完善经营模式，追求经济效益和社会效益的统一。企业在通过市场运作追求经济效益的同时，应该采取负责任的态度，注意互利互补，充分顾及整个经济平稳运行，认真应对各种风险和隐患。各国政府要加强引导和监督，通过制定和完善法律，为企业自主履行社会责任创造良好环境。 女士们、先生们、朋友们! 让我们携起手来，共同为促进亚太地区持续发展和推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的亚太大家庭而不懈努力。 谢谢各位。

问答题各位来宾，女士们、先生们： 大家好! 很高兴参加2009青海藏毯国际展览会开幕式，在此，我代表中国商务部，对展览会的召开表示热烈的祝贺，对参展参会的国内外客商表示诚挚的欢迎! 今年是中华人民共和国成立60周年。新中国成立以来特别是改革开放30年来，中国的经济建设和对外开放取得了举世瞩目的成就，经济总量跃居全球第四，外贸进出口居全球第三，吸收外资连续16年居发展中国家之首，为世界经济的稳定增长作出了重要贡献。去年以来，面对国际金融危机的蔓延和深化，中国政府反应迅速、判断准确、科学决策，将宏观调控重点转向“保增长、扩内需、调结构”，在扩大内需的同时，努力保持对外贸易的稳定增长。1-5月份，扣除价格因素，社会消费品零售总额同比增长16.4%，比去年同期增加4.2个百分点。但受金融危机影响，对外贸易仍处于低位运行，1-5月贸易额下降24.7%，其中出口下降21.8%。为此，各地正在积极采取措施，努力把金融危机的影响降到最低程度。今天在这里举办的藏毯国际展览会，就是青藏两省区贯彻“保增长”目标的重要举措，同时也为当前形势下国际地毯界加强合作交流、共同应对危机提供了良好契机。 藏毯作为集藏民族文化与艺术于一体的工艺珍品，越来越受到国内外消费者的青睐。截至目前，青海藏毯国际展览会已成功举办五届，累计成交额达1.6亿美元，已成为西部地区对外开放的重要平台，有力地促进了周边省区的经济发展，带动了产业结构调整和农牧民增收。为进一步落实好国家西部大开发战略，促进区域协调发展，商务部将在原有工作基础上，继续一如既往地支持这一展会的举办，不断提高其国际化、专业化水平。 我们相信，在各主办单位的共同努力下，在包括参会各位在内的各界朋友大力支持下，青海藏毯国际展览会必将越办越好，成为西部地区乃至全国越来越具影响力的国际性专业展会! 最后，祝2009青海藏毯国际展览会圆满成功! 谢谢大家!

问答题Today we launch UNICEF's annual flagship report: "The State of the World's Children 2009", which this year focuses on maternal and newborn health. The report shows that more must be done to addressmaternal and newborn health to help save and improve the lives of millions of children and their families.[TONE]∥[TONE] Every year, more than 500,000 women die as a result of pregnancy or childbirth complications. Around 70,000 of these deaths are among girls and young women 15 to 19. This is not only a tragic personal loss forthe family, but it also leaves a long-term impact on the health and well-being of children and the developmentof communities and countries. Around 99 per cent of maternal deaths take place in the developing worldwhere having a child remains among the most serious health risks for women. Twenty one per cent ofmaternal deaths take place in just three countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and Nigeria.[TONE]∥[TONE] In Niger, the country with the highest lifetime risk of maternal mortality, 1 in 7 women will die fromcomplications related to pregnancy or giving birth. The comparable risk in the developed world is 1 in 8,000.Since 1990, complications related to pregnancy and childbirth have taken the lives of an estimated 10 millionwomen. That is equal to around 20 per cent of the total population of South Africa. In addition, every year,some 4 million newborns die within the first 28 days of life from largely preventable causes. That is about40 per cent of all under-five deaths every year. The burden is disproportionately heavy in Africa and Asia.Ninety five per cent of maternal deaths occur in Africa and Asia combined and 90 per cent of newborn deathsoccur in Africa and Asia. [TONE]∥[TONE] The good news is that between 1995 and 2005 skilled birth attendant coverage increased from 54 percent to 62 per cent in the developing world. During the same period ante-natal care rose from 60 percent to75 per cent. Yet around 50 million births in the developing world or about 40 per cent of all births remainwithout skilled health personnel. [TONE]∥[TONE] And girls must go to school. Women who are educated are more likely to be healthy and to give birth to healthy babies who will survive and grow into adulthood. Educating girls and young women is one ofthe most powerful ways of breaking a vicious cycle of poverty and creating a Supportive environment formaternal and newborn health. [TONE]∥[TONE] At the household level, awareness needs to be increased about the importance of recognizing danger signs and ensuring that care for the woman or infant is sought right away. Changes must also be made at thecommunity level to address issues such as infrastructure and financial resources to ensure access to healthcare. And finally, health workers must be available, trained, and have the appropriate equipment. [TONE]//[TONE] Progress has been made in reducing child mortality but much more must be done especially inaddressing maternal and newborn health. The world must approach this task with a shared sense ofurgency and a collaborative response. Results will be measured in lives saved and lives improved. Thankyou. [TONE]∥[TONE]

问答题Passage 1 首先，我感谢莱文校长的邀请，使我有机会来到世界著名学府耶鲁大学，同青年明友和老师们相聚在一起。进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学的求学岁月。当年老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史，独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。// 如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。300多年来，耶鲁大学培养出一大批杰出人才，其中包括20位诺贝尔奖获得者、5位美国总统。美国民族英雄内森·黑尔是耶鲁校友，他的名言— “我唯一的憾事，就是没有第二：次生命献给我的祖国”，深深感染了我和许多中国人。// 我衷心祝愿贵校培养出更多英才，为美国经济社会发展、为人类进步事业作出更大贡献!长期以来，中美两国人民一直相互抱有浓厚的兴趣和友好的感情。中国人民欣赏美国人民的开拓进取精神，钦佩美国人民在建设国家中取得的骄人业绩。随着中国的快速发展和中美合作的不断拓展，越来越多的美国人也把目光投向中国，更加关注中国的发展进步。//

问答题{{B}} Passage 3 {{/B}} Between the 1950s and 1980s, we saw tremendous improvements in the safety of the food we eat in Europe. What we can call the "first wave" of food safety measures came with the pasteurization of milk and milk products and the introduction of rigid and effective hygiene systems in the production chain, mainly from the dairy and the abattoir to the supermarket. // The "second wave" of food safety measures came with the widespread introduction of HACCP, the hazard control system for the production chain. Yet, since the early 1980s, we have seen a marked increase in the reports of food-borne diseases, resulting from chemical or pathogenic contamination. // The number of confirmed cases of human disease caused by Salmonella has increased significantly since 1985—as much as five-fold in some European countries. For Campylobacter the increase has in some countries been even higher. Even though some of this could reflect better reporting, I believe everybody would agree that these problems are of a size that warrants action. // This situation, and associated loss of public confidence, suggests that something has gone wrong. We need a "third wave" of food safety measures. This third wave must be a focus on the direct risk to humans. We need to begin with the epidemiology of food-borne diseases and track them back through the food chain, all the way to the farm. This represents a tremendous challenge for the governments of Europe. // It means building up the capacity—and making effective use of expertise in assessing risks to human health. It means building up capacity for epidemiological tracking and mapping of food-related diseases, something that until now has held a rather low priority among most health authorities. It means improving our data collection efforts for both the pathogens in the food and human disease, so that the data are comparable both along the whole food chain and between regions and countries. We always have to remember that food chains are international. // And it will mean that officials concerned with agricultural productivity, and officials responsible for the health of populations, work together. Not only must they communicate. They must collaborate closely so that they can quickly trace back each incident of suspected food-borne disease to its source, analyze the size and geography of the problem and suggest both short and long term remedial measures. // This all calls for political action. People—both as consumers and producers—expect their government officials to work together for the common good. They demand this of those who represent them in government. Not only do they expect their politicians to make sure that government works in the primary interests of those who consume food: they also expect politicians to take action based on expert evidence. This calls for political courage, and for openness in government processes, so that risk assessment and analysis are transparent and available for public scrutiny. Only then can public health be maintained, and—at the same time—consumer confidence be restored. // This will mean a restructuring of agricultural ministries so that they move beyond a primary focus on economic issues. They need to represent the interests of the whole community— producers, processors and consumers. This kind of transformation will make for a healthier base for the future of the industry: this is already taking place in several European countries. The current efforts of the European Commission to strengthen and focus the scientific advice for food safety are an important contribution to the reforms already taking place in several countries. // It will also mean that ministries of health have to take interest in, and give priority to, action to monitor and prevent food-borne illness. They would need to strengthen their food safety resources and improve collaboration with other ministries. An incident of suspected food poisoning should no longer just be seen by doctors as a temporary health problem. It should be considered as a possible symptom of break-down in the food-safety system, and those who see patients need more help to decide what kind of event to report to public health authorities. // (Excerpts from the speech "Food Safety—a World-wide Challenge" by Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, former Director-General of World Health Organization, Uppsala, Sweden)

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} What we need is a "Culture of Tolerance", a way to reconcile the need for identity with an open and outward-looking spirit. Tolerance does not mean indifference towards those we see as "others" than ourselves, towards their culture and religion, background or origin. Tolerance requires that we have some knowledge arid understanding of these others. When familiar structures disappear, borders become irrelevant and the language of the market invades every aspect of dally life, people increasingly look to their cultural roots. They seek to reassert their identity-in terms of language, ethnic origin, religion or cultural heritage. To want to know who and what you are is a natural and very powerful human need. It is a need, I believe, responsible leaders should respond to, got suppress, because only the right kind of response will prevent people from turning to the false and dangerous supporter of nationalism, fundamentalism or xenophobia. However—and this is crucial— responsible leaders must resist the temptation to exploit this need for their own purposes. The frightening scenario of escalating cultural conflict in a world of soon seven billion people should be a strong incentive for all of us to look for practical ways to foster cooperation. We are required to provide honest answers to tough questions which I do not want to suppress. What are different religious groups ready to contribute to this joint effort? Is there a readiness to seriously discuss the tensions and contradictions that arise from a strict interpretation of different religions on the one hand and fundamental human rights as we understand them on the other? Can we reach a consensus on the rights of women, on their full participation in society, on their equal right to education and training? Is there a broad consensus to unambiguously condemn any religious justification of suicide attacks? Can we work together to find a peaceful and just agreement on the question of Jerusalem, thereby resolving one of the most difficult issues of the Middle East conflict? An agreement which will provide a peaceful solution that satisfies all the faithful, one that is worthy of the three great religions? Those are questions we cannot evade if we are serious about preventing cultural and political faultiness. We must engage in a dialogue among civilizations, a commitment to the peaceful resolution of differences, to tolerance and mutual respect. That is a challenge that requires a clear understanding, however, of our own fundamental values, values we must defend but also live up to. Our world will always be defined by the diversity of our societies and cultural traditions. If there is respect and tolerance for our differences, they will enrich all our lives. But if such differences are exploited for political ends, they may cause untold harm. What is the real meaning of tolerance and dialogue in this whole process? This dialogue can only succeed, if Orient and Occident engage in it on equal terms. Tolerance, then, means respecting the fact that civilizations are different. Dialogue, as I see it, means seeking a common understanding of those values that will guide us through the twenty-first century. This kind of "intercultural dialogue" is a very ambitious goal. To achieve it, we must all begin work at home, within our own societies. We for our part are striving to develop and practice the kind of tolerance I have described. That needs time and in some cases requires difficult judgments. Once we have reached a clear and solid consensus on those values we hold in common, it is up to political leaders to endorse these rights. They must defend this spirit of openness in society, defend it against the modem fundamentalisms that seek to impose their own absolute truths. For me, this also means people must be free to practice their religion. The way minorities are treated is the true test of the "culture of tolerance" for which I am calling. True tolerance is an expression of self-confidence, not weakness. It is only when we succeed with this dialogue within our societies, that we can really reap the fruits of a dialogue between our societies. This dialogue is a serious effort to resolve social and political differences, an effort that includes mutual respect for each other's way of life but excludes any resort to violence. Let us make a real effort to 'move away from "a culture of lecturing each other" to "a culture of learning from each other". That is what we must work for, each one of us beginning in our own country yet also all together.

问答题增强信心 深化合作 实现共赢 ——在博鳌亚洲论坛2009年年会开幕式上的演讲 中华人民共和国国务皖总理 温家宝 2009年4月18日 尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们，朋友们： 很高兴参加博鳌亚洲论坛2009年年会。首先，我谨代表中国政府对年会的召开表示热烈的祝贺!对各位来宾表示诚挚的欢迎!本届年会把“经济危机与亚洲：挑战和展望”作为主题，对于凝聚共识、增强信心、深化合作、战胜危机，具有十分重要的意义。我衷心祝愿本屑年会取得圆满成功! 2008年9月以来，世界经济遭受了上世纪大萧条以来最为严峻的挑战。各国纷纷采取措施，应对国际金融危机的严重冲击。中国政府及时果断调整宏观经济政策，实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，迅速出台促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划，对缓解经济运行中的突出矛盾、增强信心、稳定预期，发挥了重要作用。这个一揽子计划最直接、最重要的目标，是扭转经济增速下滑趋势、保持经济平稳较快增长，并力求解决制约中国经济发展的结构性问题，加快转变发展方式，全面提升各种生产要素的质量和水平，为中国经济长远发展打下更加牢固的基础。 一是全面扩大内需，增强消费需求对经济增长的拉动力，推动中国经济均衡发展。这场百年一遇的国际金融危机对中国的冲击，主要是外部需求的急剧收缩，导致经济减速、企业生产经营困难、失业增加，结构性矛盾进一步凸显。我们把政策的着力点放在全面扩大国内需求上，努力保持投资较快增长和刺激消费，着力调整内需外需结构，加快形成内需为主和积极利用外需共同拉动经济增长的格局，使中国经济向更加均衡的发展方式转变。 二是全面加强基础设施建设，推动中国经济协调发展。城乡、区域发展不平衡，既是中国经济社会发展中的突出矛盾，也是经济增长的巨大潜力所在。我们把应对国际金融危机和解决这些矛盾有机结合起来，在新增投资计划中，重点加强农村建设和中西部基础设施建设。着眼于巩固农业基础地位，加快农田水利重大工程建设，增强农业稳定增产、农民持续增收的能力。加快修建农村道路，改造农村电网，推进农村中小学标准化建设，改善农民生活条件。着眼于促进生产要素跨区域流动，加快重大交通基础设施建设，完善综合运输体系，特别是围绕发挥中西部地区优势，建设煤运通道、西部干线铁路和机场。着眼于扶持落后地区，帮助困难群众，积极支持保障性安居工程建设，重点解决城市低收入家庭、林区、垦区、煤矿等棚户区居民的住房问题，扩大农村危房改造试点范同，实施少数民族地区游牧民定居工程等。这些措施的逐步落实，必将使发展的薄弱环节得到加强，使广大中西部地区和农村发展环境得以改善，对我国经济协调发展产生巨大推动力。 三是全面提升产业竞争力和自主创新能力，推动中国经济可持续发展。推动产业结构优化升级，是关系经济全局紧迫而重大的战略任务。我们制定实施十大重点产业调整振兴规划，推动企业兼并重组，积极支持企业加快技术改造，淘汰落后产能，发展先进生产力，努力提高产业集中度和资源配置效率。我们加快实施国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，选择那些带动力强、影响面大、见效快的项目，集中力量攻关，突破一批核心技术和关键共性技术，为经济发展提供科技支撑，推动我国经济尽快走上创新驱动的轨道。我们把投资的重点放在节能环保和生态建设上，加大对重点防护林和天然林资源保护工程、城镇污水、垃圾处理设施、重点节能减排工程建设的投入，推动中国经济的可持续发展。 四是全面提高人的素质，推动中国经济集约发展。全面提高人的素质是中国经济增长的优势和活力源泉，是长远发展的战略重点。在实施扩大内需的计划中，我们把公共资源配置向教育、医疗卫生和社会保障领域倾斜。制定实施国家中长期教育规划，大幅度增加教育投入，加强基础教育，发展职业教育，提高高等教育增强全民族的文化素质。我们积极推进医药卫生体制改革，建设基本医疗保障制度，建立国家基本药物制度，健全基层医疗卫生服务体系，推进公立医院改革试点，促进基本公共卫生服务逐步均等化。我们加快完善社会保障体系，扩大社会保障覆盖范围，提高礼会保障水平。我们千方百计扩大就业，特别是大学生和农民工就业。所有这些都有利于扩大国内即期需求，增强消费者信心，同时也有力推动经济增长由主要依靠物质资源消耗的粗放型增长，向主要依靠科技进步、劳动者素质提高、体制创新的集约型增长转变。 总之，我们制定实施一揽子计划，是标本兼治、远近结合的，既是保增长、保民生、保稳定的应急之举，也是推动中国经济实现科学发展、和谐发展的长远之策。我国正处在工业化和城镇化快速推进阶段，蕴藏着巨大需求和增长潜力，有改革开放30年建立的物质、科技和体制基础，有充裕的资金、丰富的劳动力等要素支撑，有集中力量办大事的制度优势、和谐安定的社会环境。只要我们不懈努力，在战胜危机的同时，一定能够使我国经济发展的体制性、结构性矛盾明显缓解，国民经济的整体素质和竞争力明显提升。中国经济发展的潜力必将进一步释放，在改善本国人民福祉的同时，为世界各国提供更多的贸易投资机会。 女士们，先生们，朋友们： 中国实施的一揽子计划已初见成效，经济运行出现积极变化，形势比预料的好。主要表现：一是投资增速加快，消费较快增长，国内需求持续提高。一季度国内生产总值增长6.1%。全社会固定资产投资增长28.8%，比去年同期和四季度分别提高4.2和6.4个百分点；城镇新开工项目计划总投资增长87.7%。社会消费品零售总额实际增长15.9%，增幅同比提高3.6个百分点。在“家电下乡”和小排量汽车减税等政策带动下，家电、农机等行业产销大幅增长，汽车销售创历史新高。商品房销售面积增长8.2%，初步扭转一年多来的下降局面。二是工业生产逐步企稳，农业形势总体稳定。3月份，规模以上工业增加值同比增长8.3%，增幅比前两个月提高4.5个百分点；消费品工业呈现回升态势，装备制造业和部分原材料工业出现转机。强农惠农政策加快落实，产生积极效果。粮食播种面积增加，夏粮长势较好；农资供应充足，春耘备耕进展顺利。三是结构调整积极推进，区域发展协调性强，产业升级加快。中西部地区固定资产投资、工业增加值、社会消费品零售总额增长，都明显高于全国平均水平。沿海地区工业总体增速虽然较低，但恢复加快。高新技术产业增势较强，生物生化制品、通信交换设备、医疗设备及器械制造业等增速明显超过工业平均增速。四是城镇就业增加，居民收入提高。一季度城镇新增就业268万人，城镇居民人均可支配收入和农民人均现金收入同比实际分别增长11.2%和8.6%。五是银行体系流动性充裕，金融市场平稳运行，社会信心提振，市场预期改善。 应该看到，国际金融危机还在扩散蔓延，世界经济衰退的基本态势没有改变，金融体系存在的问题没有解决，实体经济恶化超出预期，全球经济复苏可能经历较长和曲折的过程。受国际金融危机的影响，我国经济社会发展面临的困难很大，主要是：外部需求持续萎缩，出口下降幅度较大；农业稳定生产、农民持续增收难度加大；一些行业产能过剩，工业增长回升乏力，经济效益继续下滑，财政收入减少，就业形势十分严峻。 在错综复杂的国内外形势下，我们既要看到经济社会发展的有利条件和积极因素，坚定战胜困难的决心和信心；又要充分估计形势的不确定性、不稳定性，保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识，宁可把形势估计得严峻一些，把困难考虑得充分一些，做好应对更大困难的长期准备。我们要坚定不移地贯彻执行积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，毫不放松地全面实施应对危机的一揽子计划，努力把金融危机的影响降到最低限度，促进中国经济平稳较快发展。 女士们，先生们，朋友们： 在经济全球化条件下，世界各国的命运已紧紧联系在一起，没有一个国家可以在国际金融危机中独善其身，没有一个国家能够以一己之力战胜这场危机。亚洲是全球经济最具活力和潜力的地区之一。人口约占全球总人口的60%，经济总量、贸易总额约占全球的1/4和1/3。虽然各国国情不同，但维护国家主权、加快经济发展、弘扬公平正义、增进国民福祉的目标是相同的；应对国际金融危机，打击恐怖主义和跨国犯罪，遏制疫病蔓延、环境恶化等方面面临的挑战是相似的；深化双边多边合作、实现互利共赢的意愿是一致的。目前亚洲地区各种合作机制相继建立并取得积极成效，经济、科技、人文等领域交流与合作不断深化，合作的基础日益牢固。有效应对这场金融危机，亚洲各国不仅要把本国的事情办好，而且要进一步加强合作，携手努力，同舟共济，推动亚洲共赢发展，成为世界经济复苏的重要引擎。 中国是亚洲合作的积极参与者与建设者，坚定不移地奉行与邻为善、以邻为伴的周边外交方针和睦邻、安邻、富邻的周边外交政策。特别是近些年来，我们与亚洲多个国家和地区签署了双多边自贸协定，推进了贸易和投资的发展。我们还与一些国家和地区签署了6份总额为235亿美元双边货币互换协议，6份总额为6500亿元人民币的双边本币货币互换协议，丰富了区域金融合作的内容和形式，增强了地区资金救助机制的作用。拥有19亿人口、GDP近6万亿美元的中国一东盟自贸区将于2010年全面建成。我很高兴地看到，2003年10月我在第七次东盟与中日韩领导人会议上提出的“推动清迈倡议多边化”的设想，正在成为区域财金合作的重点，已经迈出实质性步伐。 面对国际金融危机肆虐，中国愿意继续同亚洲国家一道，积极应对挑战，全面加强合作，使各领域合作更加充实和富有活力，促进地区和平与繁荣。为此，我提出如下主张： 一是密切经贸合作，坚决反对贸易保护主义。更加重视促进自由贸易，扩大区内贸易规模。在海关、检验检疫、物流和商务人员流动等方面采取有效措施，以实际行动降低贸易壁垒，避免设置新的贸易障碍。积极推进自由贸易区建设，充分利用多双边自由贸易安排，发挥各国经济互补优势。中国决定在上海市和广东省4个城市开展跨境贸易人民币结算试点，这一举措对促进与周边国家和地区的经贸关系必将产生积极作用。 二是加强财金合作，努力维护区域金融稳定。充分发挥双边货币互换协议作用，研究扩大互换额度和签约国范围。去年10+3国家决定建立800亿美元外汇储备库，最近又将其规模扩大到1200亿美元，显示了本地区加强金融合作的迫切需要和强烈意愿。希望加快清迈倡议多边化进程，最大限度照顾彼此关切，尽早达成共识，建成区域外汇储备库，增强本地区抵御金融风险能力。推进亚洲债券市场建设，更好地利用区内资金，促进亚洲经济发展。 三是深化投资合作，发挥投资在区域经济增长中的拉动作用。加快区域和次区域交通、电力、通讯领域建设步伐，逐步实现基础设施的互联互通和网络化。中国决定设立总规模为100亿美元的“中国-东盟投资合作基金”，支持区域基础设施建设。各国扩大投资都要秉承开放精神，允许其他国家企业公平参与。鼓励各国企业在区域内相互投资，加强劳务合作，避免大规模遣返外国劳工。 四是推动“绿色”合作，促进亚洲经济可持续发展。积极有效地协调政策和行动，加强亚洲国家在节能环保、开发利用新能源和可再生能源等领域的合作，培育亚洲经济新的增长点。坚持“共同但有区别的责任”和公平原则，在《联合国气候变化框架公约》下，深化对话与交流，积极开展务实合作，为全球应对气候变化做出力所能及的贡献。 五是加强在国际事务中的配合与协调，促进世界和平稳定繁荣。通过APEC、亚欧会议和东亚一拉美合作论坛、亚洲一中东对话等平台，加强与其他地区的合作，提高合作效率和质量。落实二十国集团领导人伦敦金融峰会共识，加强宏观经济政策协调；推进国际金融体系改革，提高新兴市场和发展中国家的代表性和发言权，加强对主要储备货币发行经济体宏观经济政策的监督，推进多元化国际货币体系建设；推动多哈回合谈判取得全面、平衡的结果，特别要加强对发展中国家的贸易支持；认真落实联合国千年发展目标，推进国际减贫进程，避免因金融危机减少对发展中国家的援助。 这里，我还想强调一点，工商界要在应对国际金融危机、促进亚洲地区发展方面发挥积极作用。企业家要注重社会责任，妥善处理各种风险和隐患，要善于把握世界经济调整时机，不断开拓创新，寻找新的发展机遇。亚洲发展潜力巨大，区内各类企业特别是跨国企业，只要坚守在这块土地上，尽量少关闭工厂、少裁员，加强各国企业在生产经营、技术研发等方面合作，一定能够在应对危机中实现新的跨越。 女士们、先生们! 我曾经说过，信心比黄金和货币更重要。今天，我还要讲一句话，希望像一盏永不熄灭的明灯，给各国、各企业和世界人民照亮方向。让我们坚定信心，满怀希望，携手合作，共同开创亚洲更加美好的未来! 谢谢大家!

问答题女士们、先生们： 晚上好。 我想首先扼要地说一下中国的现状。大家知道，中国实行改革开放已走过了25年。在短短的四 分之一个世纪里，中国取得了前所未有的重大进步和发展。25年前，中国的GDP只有l,473亿美元， 而去年已达到14,000多亿美元，增长近10倍；25年前，中国的贫困人口有2亿5千万，目前已下 降到3,000万人左右。毫不夸张地说，这25年是中国历史上最辉煌的一页。[TONE]∥[TONE] 中美关系是中国最重要的双边关系之一。建交25年来，两国关系走过了一条很不平坦的道路，但总的方向是不断地向前发展。建交前，中美贸易额不足25亿美元。今天已超过1,000亿美元，两 国已互为重要的贸易伙伴。建交前，中美两国民间交往几乎为零。目前，两国人员往来每年超过 百万人次。中国有6万多名年轻人在美国学习，美国也有3,000多人在中国学习。[TONE]∥[TONE] 作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，中美两国近年来的共同利益不断增加，合作的领域在不断地扩大和深化。不论在经贸、金融、环保、防治艾滋病方面，还是在反恐、朝核、防 扩散等领域，或是在联合国等多边机制中，我们都可以轻易地列举出许许多多的生动事例。这些都 为进一步拓宽双方的战略合作提供了更好的空间与基础。[TONE]∥[TONE] 当前，人类和平与发展面临诸多挑战，世界的未来充满了变数。各种传统的安全问题，如边界冲突、民族矛盾、宗教恩怨等依然存在。恐怖主义、跨国犯罪、环境污染、毒品走私等非传统的安 全威胁又在迅速蔓延。[TONE]∥[TONE] 我注意到一个现象：美国年轻人最喜欢的体育运动，如篮球、棒球、橄榄球等，都是最讲求团队精神的运动。维护国际和平与安全也需要团队与合作精神。在全球化日益发展的今天，面对跨国 性挑战和威胁，任何单个国家都无法独善其身，即便它拥有无与伦比的军事和经济力量。国际社会 只有携手合作，才能实现彼此真正的和平与安全。[TONE]∥[TONE]

问答题女士们、先生们! 几天前，中国人民热烈庆祝了中华人民共和国成立60周年。 经过60年特别是改革开放30年的不懈奋斗，中国的面貌、中国人民的而貌发生了历史性变化。当今中国，综合国力显著增强，人民生活总体上达到小康水平，进发出前所未有的活力和创造力。 同时，我们清醒地认识到，中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，中国在发展进程中遇到的矛盾和问题无论规模还是复杂性都世所罕见。中国要全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，进而基本实现现代化、实现全体人民共同富裕，还有很长的路要走。 中国将继续从本国国情出发，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，全力做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果南人民共享。中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚持在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作。 在推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的过程中，中国政府始终高度重视媒体发展，鼓励和支持中国媒体贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众，创新观念、创新内容、创新形式、创新方法、创新手段，增强亲和力、吸引力、感染力，在弘扬社会正气、通达社情民意、引导社会热点、疏导公众情绪、搞好舆论监督和保障人民知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权等方面发挥重要作用。中国政府支持中国媒体同外国媒体在新闻传播、人力资源、信息技术、业务发展等方面加强交流、深化合作。现在，越来越多的外国媒体，包括大多数在座朋友们所代表的媒体，向中国派出了常驻记者，临时来华采访的记者人数不断增加。外国媒体报道中国的信息量越来越大、领域越来越广、内容越来越丰富，对各国人民了解当代中国发展变化起到了重要作用。我们将按照有关法律法规，继续推动政务公开，加强信息发布，保障外国新闻机构和记者合法权益，为外国媒体在华从事采访报道业务提供便利。我们真诚希望世界各地媒体为增进各国人民对中国的了解、为巩固和发展各国人民同中国人民的友谊作出新的贡献。 女士们、先生们! 与人民同命运、与时代共发展，是世界各地媒体的必然选择。我相信，通过与会各位朋友共同努力，这次峰会一定能在促进世界各地媒体加强交流、深化合作方面取得积极成果，为促进全球传媒业发展作出贡献。 谢谢大家。

问答题金秋十月是收获的季节。我谨预祝本次对话圆满成功，取得丰硕成果，为中美关系发展添上浓墨重彩的一笔。

问答题{{B}} Passage 1 {{/B}} Changes in educational approaches, beliefs and practices come faster today than most teachers, parents and children can begin to assimilate. Speedy results are seen as politically necessary. When new approaches are not successful immediately, they are abandoned in favor of even newer ones. // In repeated and accelerated cycles of change it is the children who suffer. Hurried through the school day and through the grade levels, they are left with little time to reflect on what they are learning or where their lives are beaded. Our schools tend to be fact factories, cramming more into every minute of every hour of every day. There always seems to be more curriculum to cover and more tests to take—but never any time added to the day. Children and teachers are left gasping for air. // We must stop hurrying children and give them adequate time for learning. We need more clarity, more planning and less impulsive implementation of "the latest best thing." There is an urgent need in our schools for increased accountability and more focused attention on basic skills. But that very urgency must not lead us to rush. The pace of change must be reasonable and related to the right pace for children's learning. // True learning requires time: time to wonder, time to share and time to pay attention to what is most important. To hurry through classes and a predetermined timetable of achievements is contrary to the nature of children and will do irreparable damage to their minds and souls. School comes from the Greek word scholé which translates literally as "leisure." Consider how far we've moved from our educational roots! //

问答题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} 近五年来，在中央人民政府和兄弟省、市的支援下，西藏的文化设施建设力度显著加大。累计投资1.4046亿元。目前，西藏已建成各级群众艺术馆、综合文化馆和文化站400多个，这些文化场所可以开展内容丰富、形式多样的文娱、体育活动。//西藏图书馆于1996年7月开馆，现已接待藏族读者10余万人次。西藏现有县级乌兰牧骑演出队17个，业余文艺演出队和藏戏演出队160余个，他们常年活跃在农牧区，深受群众喜爱，不少节目在全国性和自治区文艺汇演中获奖。各地、市、县还举办不定期的群众文艺汇演，促进了群众文化活动的繁荣。近几年，每逢藏族传统节日“雪顿节”，西藏都举行藏戏、歌舞演出，开展丰富多彩的群众自娱性传统文化活动。//而且国家投资260多万元在堆龙德庆县建成了国家级农村儿童文化园，并于1996年成立了西藏少年儿童艺术团。西藏少年儿童艺术团两度赴北京演出，并于1998年赴美国参加国际儿童艺术节演出，均获得巨大成功。//1995年至1999年，西藏自治区先后派出包括藏族群众业余演出团在内的40个艺术团组360人次，到世界五大洲20多个国家和地区进行演出、展览和学术交流活动，所到之处无不引起轰动。//

问答题Passage 1下面你将听到一段关于中国法制建设的讲话。 当今是法行天下的时代。国运之兴盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不开法律之维系和法律之保障。中国也不例外。 一个国家采取什么样的治国方略，关系着国家的前途和命运。 20世纪末，拥有十二亿人口的中国向全世界宣示了它的治国方略——依法治国，并在此道路上迈出了坚实的步伐：一个适应社会主义市场经济的法律体系正在发育成熟；一个转变政府职能、严格依法行政的变革正在有序进行；一场围绕公正与效率的司法体制改革正在不断深化；一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。 诸位知道，实现经济发展，宪法是最重要最根本的法律保障。新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地位；计划经济成了主要的经济体制模式，企业自身没有经营的自主权；按劳分配成了主要的分配模式，公民没有按劳分配收入外的其他收入。在这种经济制度下，中国的经济发展非常缓慢。 1978年，中国开始实行改革开放。1988年，中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位；1993年，中国对现行宪法又进行了修正，明确国家实行社会主义市场经济。宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。

问答题Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Qin Gang's Regular Press Conference on January 8, 2009 On January 8, 2009, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Qin Gang held a regular press conference and answered questions on China-US relations, conflicts between Palestine and Israel, and etc. Qin Gang: Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. I have an announcement to start with. At the invitation of the Philippine Government, 100 Chinese high school students from the quake-affected area of Wenchuan, Sichuan Province will visit the country from January 11 to 17. China and the Philippines enjoy traditional friendly relationship. Bilateral relations have developed steadily since the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1975. The invitation mentioned above fully demonstrates the friendship of the Philippine Government and people to the Chinese people. We express our appreciation and gratitude. This visit will definitely enhance the mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples, especially that among young people, enrich the two countries' friendly cooperation and promote in-depth development of bilateral relations. Now the floor is open. Q: According to That officials, China will not be able to attend East Asia leaders' meetings if they were to be held from February 27 to March 1. Does China have any other dates in favor? The second question is, will Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi or other officials visit Africa early this year as they did last year? If so, could you tell us the schedule? The last question is, which Chinese officials will attend US President Obama's inauguration ceremony on January 20? A: China always places great importance on its friendly cooperation with ASEAN countries and the rest in the Asia-Pacific region. As for the East Asia leaders' meetings to be held in Thailand, China is keeping communication and coordination with Thailand in order to fix a timeframe convenient to both sides. It's a good tradition that Chinese Foreign Minister starts his foreign trip with Africa at the beginning of every year. There's no exception this year. FM Yang Jiechi will visit several African countries within this month. Relevant arrangement is still under consultation. Information will be released shortly. As for which Chinese officials will attend President Obama's inauguration ceremony, I have no confirmed information at the moment. Q: Stephen Hadley, Assistant to the US President for National Security Affairs said yesterday that American intelligence officials have growing concerns on North Korea's secret uranium enrichment. Does China know anything about this? A: China also hopes to see the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and enduring peace, stability and harmony in Northeast Asia. It is based on this purpose that China works with relevant parties to promote the Six- Party Talks. China shares the same goal with other parties concerned on the denuclearization of the Peninsula and is willing to strengthen communication and cooperation with other parties. The six parties need to keep in mind the ultimate goal, overcome current difficulties, earnestly fulfill their respective commitments, complete the second- phase task and move on to the next stage. Q: About the remarks by Mr. Liu Guijin yesterday. The Chinese Government's special representative on the Darfur issue said that China hoped the ICC to defer the prosecution against Sudanese President Bashir. Would you explain? Will China consider a proposal on this at the UN Security Council? A: Ambassador Liu Guijin is now visiting Sudan after his Russian trip. Ethiopia will be his next stop. The purpose is to communicate and exchange views with relevant parties on the Darfur issue, especially the ICC prosecution against President Bashir. I'll have to double-check Ambassador Liu's remarks you quoted just now. I'd like to emphasize, realization of judicial justice in Darfur entails enduring peace and stability in the region. The priority is to properly resolve the Darfur issue. We uphold that the actions taken by the ICC should be beneficial to the stability in Sudan and proper settlement of the Darfur issue. This is the basis on which we will decide our further position and measures. Q: Mr. Negroponte said that the China-US relationship has never been better. Does China endorse his comment? Also, as Mr. Obama is soon to swear in as the next President of the US, what do you think will be the biggest pending issue for the bilateral relations? And how do you expect the Obama Administration to solve the issue? A: The past three decades have witnessed remarkable improvement in the China-US relations. Thirty years ago, the two countries had no contact. They were even antagonistic to each other. Today, the two countries share broad common interests, with cooperation of mutual benefit reaching an unprecedentedly high level. Close contact has been maintained between state leaders and at other levels, in 1972, bilateral trade volume was only a little more than two billion US dollars. In 2007, the figure exceeded 300 billion US dollars, which is over 120 times that of 30 years ago, In 1972, there were few people-to-people exchanges, today, there are annually about two million mutual visits, that is, over 5000 visits per day. Yesterday, Mr. Negroponte cited statistics from the US Embassy in China, saying that last year alone, the US Embassy in China issued over 500,000 visas to Chinese citizens leaving for the US. The two countries have clear strategic positioning for bilateral ties. China and the US are not only stakeholders, but more importantly, constructive partners. The two countries have close cooperation in broad range of areas, covering not only bilateral issues but also international and regional issues. These facts and figures should lead you to the right conclusion. The remarkable achievements made in the past three decades deserve to be cherished, therefore precious experience could be learned. As two countries of major impact in the world, China and the US share broad and major common interests, thus must strengthen dialogue, communication and cooperation. The two countries differ in national conditions, political systems and cultural values, and do not always see eye to eye on some issues. But these differences are less important in comparison with the shared interests and their responsibility of safeguarding world peace, stability and development. The smooth development of China-US relations entails mutual respect, equality, mutual benefit, mutual accommodation of each other's major interest and concern and proper settlement of sensitive issues and relevant disputes. I believe, so long as we observe these principles from strategic and long-term perspective, the China-US relations will maintain healthy and stable development. This is not only in the fundamental interest of two countries and two peoples, but also conducive to world peace, stability and development. In their recent phone conversation, President Hu Jintao and President-elect Obama also expressed this view. Q: Does China have any new position on the Palestine-Israel conflict? Will China consider sending relevant officials to the region or providing more humanitarian assistance? A: We are very concerned about the escalation of conflict between Palestine and Israel and the worsening humanitarian situation in Gaza. The Chinese public, following the situation from media, are also very worried and anxious. It's imperative to immediately cease fire, stop military actions and armed conflicts so as to relieve the humanitarian situation and tension in Gaza and allow in international assistance, including essential supplies and rescue workers. This is the only way to create conditions for political solution through dialogue. The international community should step up meditative efforts, meanwhile, relevant parties should listen to the international aspiration and appeal, take concrete actions to cease fire immediately. The Chinese Government is ready to work with the international community and continue to make positive efforts. China welcomes the Egyptian truce proposal that deserves international attention. We hope the international effort could put an end to the conflict, resume peaceful talks and properly settle the dispute between Palestine and Israel, so that the peace process in the Middle East could continue to move ahead. Q: The ninth China-Japan Strategic Dialogue is to be held in Japan tomorrow. What topics will be discussed? A: The ninth China-Japan Strategic Dialogue will be held in Japan. We hope through this dialogue, the two countries could have full and in-depth exchange of views on bilateral relations as well as international and regional issues of common interest, enhance mutual understanding and political mutual trust, and promote the bilateral relations. It is in this spirit that China will attend the meeting, and work with Japan to achieve positive results. If there are no more questions, thanks for coming. See you!

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} 当今是法行天下的时代。国运之兴盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不开法律之维系和法律之保障。中国也不例外。 一个国家采取什么样的治国方略，关系着国家的前途和命运。 20世纪末，拥有十二亿人口的中国向全世界宣示了它的治国方略——依法治国，并在此道路上迈出了坚实的步伐：一个适应社会主义市场经济的法律体系正在发育成熟；一个转变政府职能、严格依法行政的变革正在有序进行；一场围绕公正与效率的司法体制改革正在不断深化；一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。 诸位知道，实现经济发展，宪法是最重要最根本的法律保障。新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地位；计划经济成了主要的经济体制模式，企业自身没有经营的自主权；按劳分配成了主要的分配模式，公民没有按劳分配收入外的其他收入。在这种经济制度下，中国的经济发展非常缓慢。 1978年，中国开始实行改革开放。1988年，中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位；1993年，中国对现行宪法又进行了修正，明确国家实行社会主义市场经济。宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。

问答题Passage 1 It is a great honor for me to speak at one of China's great academic institutions -- one that is helping to revive and maintain your country's historic tradition of leading the world in science and technology, and one whose alumni are to be found in positions of leadership throughout the country. Here, as in so many other places in China, no visitor can help feeling the excitement of a great country developing at breakneck speed, and every day opening up new vistas of knowledge and opportunity to its citizens. You can be really proud of your country and what it has achieved in the last 25 years.// As I look out over the young faces in this audience I cannot help envying the international students -- more than a thousand, I am told, from over 50 countries -- who have the privilege of sharing your learning experience here. It reminds me for a moment of my own student days, when my country, Ghana, was newly independent. We felt we were suddenly reaching out to the world, and making new discoveries every day. But then I also remember that times of rapid change can bring pain and confusion, even destruction, as well as progress and excitement.// The more rapid and exciting it is, the more change calls for careful management, and wise, humane leadership. Order and stability have to be preserved, but without choking off the freedom to enquire, and experiment, and express oneself, since -- as you young researchers know better than anyone -- knowledge and science have a vital role in national development. And technical expertise needs to be harnessed to the development and security of society as a whole, so that it not only creates greater wealth for the few, but enables all citizens to feel safer and more prosperous.// The development of such a great country as China cannot happen in isolation. It affects the whole world, and it draws you into new relationships with other parts of the world. Increasingly, your economy depends on exchanges with other countries -- both imports and exports, of both goods and capital. Foreign investment plays an essential role in your growth, while your holdings of foreign currencies -- and your management of your own currency -- are coming to play a vital part in the international monetary system. This means that you have a stake in the development and prosperity of the wider world. And your security, too, depends on international peace and stability.// Your Government shows that it understands this, by the role that it plays in the United Nations, and elsewhere. And, increasingly, Chinese citizens are called on to take risks, and make sacrifices, in the interests of global security. It was impressive to see, in our newspapers the other day, pictures of Chinese policemen in blue helmets preparing to join the United Nations mission in Haiti -- an island buffeted by both human and meteorological storms, which is literally on the far side of the world from here. So I am here, in part, to express the world's gratitude. Clearly, you in China have understood, as your saying goes, that we all "share the same breath". Human misery knows no frontiers, and nor should human solidarity.//

问答题Passage 1 在中关建交25周年前夕，我应布什总统的邀请正式访问贵国。纽约是我访美的第一站，在这里能与各位新老朋友欢聚一堂，我感到很高兴。在此我要特别感谢美国银行家协会的盛情款待，向多年来为推动中美经贸合作做出积极贡献的各位朋友表示敬意!并通过你们向伟大的美国人民致以诚挚问候和良好祝愿!// 近一段时间，中美贸易方面有些分歧和摩擦。各方面对我此次美国之行颇为关注。我首先要告诉诸位，我这次是为了寻求友谊与合作而来，不是来打“贸易战”的。有些分歧问题的产生，实际上是相互不了解。我深信，中关双方通过对话与磋商，可以缩小我们之间的分歧，扩大我们之间的合作。// 大家知道，经贸关系是两国关系的经济基础。互利共赢的中美经贸关系，不仅给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益，而且成为中关关系稳定发展的重要基础和强大动力。至于中美经贸合作的迅速发展，对于周边地区经济繁荣乃至世界经济增长所起的促进作用，更是有目共睹。// 中美贸易之所以能迅速发展，根本原因在于两国经济具有极大的互补性。这种互补性，很大程度上来自两国经济资源条件、经济结构以及消费水平存在着很大的差异。这种差异性和互补性，将在今后长期存在，在经济全球化的大背景下显得更加突出。我认为，这就是中关贸易能够持续快速发展的客观基础。//

问答题What Is Missing? Carlos Ghosn, the Brazilian-born car executive, is head of the Japanese car manufacturer, Nissan. He spoke to reporters about Japanese economy. [TONE]∥[TONE] NEWSWEEK: Japan's economy is even worse off now than when you arrived in 1999. Did you expect it to get this bad? [TONE]∥[TONE] GHOSN: Little by little, I've come to think that what's remarkable about Japan is that there is so much potential. I can see it inside and outside Nissan, but so little is delivered. Japan is always extremely strong when there's a mission. The glorious years have always been driven by a strong, clear vision. It would be fair to say that this vision doesn't exist today—or if it exists, it is blurred. Or fake. People talk about problems, with bad loans and things. What is missing is a clear vision that would mobilize all the qualities Japanese people can show in periods of challenge. [TONE]∥[TONE] Why are people saying Japan has a problem? What goals would be realistic? [TONE]∥[TONE] First, Japan did not grow as much as people were expecting. Second, the creation of value and wealth were on very strong up trend until the 1990s. How can Japan resume wealth creation? And how can Japan grow again? Let me give you an example in the automobile market. At its peak, 6 million cars were sold in Japan per year. Today we're barely at 4 million. One objective may be to say: "How can we return to the peak years?" Coming back to the best performance Japan has reached would represent a big jump forward. [TONE]∥[TONE] Why don't more companies put their own houses in order? Nissan is certainly a model. [TONE]∥[TONE] There is a lot of coverage of Nissan. From the beginning we anticipated this. I had a sense that we needed to be extremely transparent because we would be introducing a lot of change, and for change to work people need to know why and how we're making these changes. Because Japan's strengths are (found) particularly at the base. The work force is second to none, and once they are convinced that this is the direction to take, people are willing to go the extra mile for these things to happen. [TONE]∥[TONE] Many Japanese fear radical reform. Is there a middle way? [TONE]∥[TONE] I personally don't believe in middle ways. I'm not telling you this to be provocative; at Nissan we would never have taken the middle road. When I met Nissan's unions in July of 1999. They came to my office and at the end of these informal talks, I asked if there was anything they wanted to tell me as we worked to come up with a plan. They said: "Yes, we have something. Whatever you have to do, do it fast." They just wanted to get out of the tunnel. [TONE]∥[TONE] Is Japan overreacting to the threat from China? [TONE]∥[TONE] Japan is establishing a very solid relationship with China. When you see the transfers of technologies, the investments and collaborations, Japan is finding very smart ways to associate itself with the government. ObvioUsly, there are many countries that would love to take Japan's place. But they will do it if, and only if, Japan allows them to do it. I don't think there is a major outside threat to Japan. The major threat is internal. We're not recognizing the potential of the country and not acting on this potential. [TONE]∥[TONE] With Japan's stock prices at 20-year lows, is now a good time to invest? [TONE]∥[TONE] This is the moment to invest, both for Japanese people and for those outside Japan who are seeking opportunity. It will have to be active investment; you'll have to work on it to make sure it delivers. But it's an opportunity, no doubt about it. [TONE]∥[TONE]