单选题 Para. 1 On any given night outside a theater in central Tokyo, hundreds of women can be found waiting in neat phalanxes, dressed in matching T-shirts or sporting identical colored handkerchiefs—the uniform of what may be the most rabidly loyal fans in Japanese entertainment. Para. 2 The stars they're hoping to glimpse are women, too, actresses who play both male and female roles in the 102-year-old Takarazuka Revue, an enduringly successful theater company that is bringing its gender-twisting take on the Broadway musical to the Lincoln Center Festival in New York from July 20 to 24. Para. 3 ①In Takarazuka's 'Chicago,' women play the sultry Velma and Roxie as well as the swaggering Billy Flynn and the hapless-schmoe Amos. ②The dialogue is in Japanese, but at a recent dress rehearsal here, the attitude and staging were all-American, loyal to Bob Fosse's vaudeville-inspired production, which has been running on Broadway for two decades. Para. 4 In Japan, Takarazuka is a phenomenon that rarely tours outside the country. Para. 5 ①Founded in 1914 by a railway company that hoped to lure travelers to a struggling hot spring resort outside Osaka, the group began with a handful of teenage singers and dancers and staged its first performances in a converted swimming pool. ②A century later, Takarazuka operates five sub-troupes and puts on 900 shows a year, in company-owned theaters in Tokyo and its original western Japanese base. ③Most of the shows sell out. Para. 6 ①Cross-dressing, single-gender theater groups have a long history in Japan. ②This year's Lincoln Center Festival also features the Kanze Noh Theater, whose stately, stylized dramas are older than Shakespeare and are performed exclusively by men. ③Kabuki—Noh's somewhat newer, livelier cousin—was pioneered by all-female troupes, until a 17th-century public-morals crackdown put them out of business. ④Today, Kabuki, too, is all-male. Para. 7 ①On the surface, Takarazuka looks like a rebellion against such classical Japanese art forms. ②Its touchstones are modern and Western—Parisian cabaret, Radio City-style variety shows and, since the 1960s, Broadway. ③The railway executive who founded the company is said to have banned Japanese musical instruments from its backing orchestra, fearful of a lingering public association between geisha and other traditional female performers and prostitution. Para. 8 ①Despite its Western trappings, Takarazuka draws on 'ideas of purity that are very primitively Japanese,' Akio Mild, a veteran Takarazuka director, said. ②They show up in its productions and in the way the company—whose official motto is 'modesty, fairness, grace'—regulates its performers' private lives. Para. 9 ①'Chicago' is a rare Takarazuka show without a dreamy male hero. ②An all-female heater company might be counted on to lay bare men's flaws and follies onstage, but at Takarazuka the approach is gentler. ③Its shows depict men not as they are, Mild said, but as they ought to be. Para. 10 ①'It's an idealized male image, seen through women's eyes: The heroes are more romantic, more divine,' he said. ②'They don't tend to lie or cheat. It's what the audience would like from men but doesn't usually get in reality.'

单选题 Para. 1 ①From her apartment at the foot of the celebrated zigzags of Lombard Street, Judith Calson has twice peered out her window as thieves smashed their way into cars and snatched whatever they could. ②She has seen foreign tourists cry after cash and passports were stolen. ③She shudders when she recounts the story of the Thai tourist who was shot because he resisted thieves taking his camera. Para. 2 'I never thought of this area as a high-crime neighborhood,' Ms. Calson, a retired photographer, said of this leafy part of the city, where tourists flock to view the steeply sloped, crooked street adorned with flower beds. Para. 3 ①San Francisco, America's boom town, is flooded with the cash of well-paid technology workers and record numbers of tourists. ②At the same time, the city has seen a sharp jump in property crime, up more than 60 percent since 2010, though the actual increase may be higher because many of the crimes go unreported. Para. 4 ①Recent data from the F.B.I. show that San Francisco has the highest per-capita property crime rate of the nation's top 50 cities. ②About half the cases here are thefts from vehicles, smash-and-grabs that scatter glittering broken glass onto the sidewalks. Para. 5 The city, known for a political tradition of empathy for the downtrodden, is now divided over whether to respond with more muscular law enforcement or stick to its forgiving attitudes. Para. 6 ①The Chamber of Commerce and the tourist board are calling for harsher measures to improve what is euphemistically called the 'condition of the streets,' a term that encompasses the intractable homeless problem, public intravenous drug use, the large population of mentally ill people on the streets and aggressive panhandling. ②The chamber recently released the results of an opinion poll that showed that homelessness and 'street behavior' were the primary concerns of residents here. Para. 7 The divided opinions on how to handle the problems are evident among members of the Board of Supervisors. Para. 8 ①Scott Wiener, a supervisor and an advocate for more aggressive law enforcement, said his constituents were urging him to act. ②'I can't tell you the number of times where I have received emails from moms saying, 'My kids just asked me why that man has a syringe sticking out of his arm,'' he said. Para. 9 On the other side is David Campos, a supervisor who opposes the increase in police officers and describes Mr. Wiener's views as 'a very knee-jerk kind of punitive approach that is ineffective and inconsistent with the values of San Francisco.' Para. 10 'We are not going to criminalize people for being poor,' he said. 'That criminalization is only going to make it harder for them to get out of poverty.' Para. 11 San Francisco's liberal ethos, Mr. Campos said, was changing as the city focused more on business and the needs of the tech industry. Para. 12 ①'I think there has been a shift in the people who have come to San Francisco,' Mr. Campos said of the city's new arrivals, a group that is well educated and well heeled. ②He deplores what he describes as a growing 'sink-or-swim' free-market ideology that stands in contrast to the city's traditions. Para. 13 'I don't know which San Francisco will prevail,' he said.

单选题 Para. 1 For more than a year, Facebook has endured cascading crises—over Russian misinformation, data privacy and abusive content—that transformed the Silicon Valley icon into an embattled giant accused of corporate over-reach and negligence. Para. 2 ①Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook's chief executive, was publicly declaring it a 'crazy idea' that his company had played a role in deciding the American election. ②But security experts at the company already knew otherwise. Para. 3 ①They found signs that Russian hackers were poking around the Facebook accounts of people linked to American presidential campaigns. ②Months later, they saw Russian-controlled accounts sharing information from hacked Democratic emails with reporters. ③Facebook accumulated evidence of Russian activity for over a year before executives opted to share what they knew with the public—and even their own board of directors. Para. 4 As criticism grew over Facebook's belated admissions of Russian influence, the company launched a lobbying campaign—overseen by Sheryl Sandberg, the company's chief operating officer—to combat critics and shift anger toward rival tech firms. Para. 5 ①Facebook hired Senator Mark Warner's former chief of staff to lobby him; Ms. Sandberg personally called Senator Amy Klobuchar to complain about her criticism. ②The company also deployed a public relations firm to push negative stories about its political critics and cast blame on companies like Google. Para. 6 Those efforts included depicting the billionaire liberal donor George Soros as the force behind a broad anti-Facebook movement, and publishing stories praising Facebook and criticizing Google and Apple on a conservative news site. Para. 7 ①Facebook faced worldwide outrage in March after The Times, The Observer of London and The Guardian published a joint investigation into how user data had been appropriated by Cambridge Analytica to profile American voters. ②But inside Facebook, executives thought they could contain the damage. ③The company installed a new chief of American lobbying to help quell the bipartisan anger in Congress, and it quietly shelved an internal communications campaign, called 'We Get It,' meant to assure employees that the company was committed to getting back on track. Para. 8 ①Sensing Facebook's vulnerability, some rival tech firms in Silicon Valley sought to use the outcry to promote their own brands. ②After Tim Cook, Apple's chief executive, quipped in an interview that his company did not traffic in personal data, Mr. Zuckerberg ordered his management team to use only Android phones. ③After all, he reasoned, the operating system had far more users than Apple's. Para. 9 Washington's senior Democrat, Senator Chuck Schumer of New York, raised more money from Facebook employees than any other member of Congress and he was there when the company needed him. Para. 10 ①This past summer, as Facebook's troubles mounted, Mr. Schumer confronted Mr. Warner, who by then had emerged as Facebook's most insistent inquisitor in Congress. ②Back off, Mr. Schumer told Mr. Warner, and look for ways to work with Facebook, not vilify it. ③Lobbyists for Facebook—which also employs Mr. Schumer's daughter—were kept abreast of Mr. Schumer's efforts.

单选题 第一段 ①精准加力补短板。②要针对严重制约经济社会发展和民生改善的突出问题，加大补短板力度，加快提升公共服务、基础设施、创新发展、资源环境等支撑能力。 第二段 ③贫困地区和贫困人口是全面建成小康社会最大的短板。④要深入实施精准扶贫精准脱贫，今年再减少农村贫困人口1000万以上，完成易地扶贫搬迁340万人。⑤中央财政专项扶贫资金增长30%以上。⑥加强集中连片特困地区、革命老区开发，改善基础设施和公共服务，推动特色产业发展、劳务输出、教育和健康扶贫，实施贫困村整体提升工程，增强贫困地区和贫困群众自我发展能力。 第三段 ⑦推进贫困县涉农资金整合，强化资金和项目监管。⑧创新扶贫协作机制，支持社会力量参与扶贫。⑨切实落实脱贫攻坚责任制，实施最严格的评估考核，严肃查处假脱贫、“被脱贫”、数字脱贫，确保脱贫得到群众认可、经得起历史检验。

单选题 Para. 1 ①Do cellphones cause cancer? ②Despite years of research, there is still no clear answer. ③But two government studies released Friday, one in rats and one in mice, suggest that if there is any risk, it is small, health officials said. Para. 2 ①These two studies on the effects of the type of radiation the phones emit, conducted over 10 years and costing $25 million, are considered the most extensive to date. ②In male rats, the studies linked tumors in the heart to high exposure to radiation from the phones. ③But that problem did not occur in female rats, or any mice. Para. 3 The rodents in the studies were exposed to radiation nine hours a day for two years, more than people experience even with a lot of cellphone use, so the results cannot be applied directly to humans, said John Bucher, a senior scientist at the National Toxicology Program, during a telephone news briefing. Para. 4 ①The results, he said, had not led him to change his own cellphone use or to urge his own family to do so. ②But he also noted that the heart tumors in rats are similar to a benign tumor in people involving the nerve that connects the ear to the brain, which some studies have linked to cellphone use. Para. 5 ①He said that nearly 20 animals studies on this subject have been done, 'with the vast majority coming up negative with respect to cancer.' ②Other agencies are studying cellphone use in people and trying to determine whether it is linked to the incidence of any type of cancer, Bucher said. Para. 6 The Food and Drug Administration issued a statement saying it respected the research by the toxicology program, had reviewed many other studies on cellphone safety, and had 'not found sufficient evidence that there are adverse health effects in humans caused by exposures at or under the current radio-frequency exposure limits.' Para. 7 ①For people who worry about the risk, health officials offer common-sense advice: Spend less time on cellphones, use a headset or speaker mode so that the phone is not pressed up against the head and avoid trying to make calls if the signal is weak. ②Bucher noted that the radiation emitted increases when users are in spots where the signal is poor or sporadic and the phone has to work harder to connect. Para. 8 ①Others felt that even the ambiguous findings were of concern. ②Joel Moskowitz, director of the Center for Family and Community Health at the School of Public Health, at the University of California, Berkeley, said that based on the overall results of the study, the government should reassess and strengthen the limits it imposes on how much and what types of radiation cellphones can emit. Para. 9 Scientists do not know why only male rats and not females develop the heart tumors, but Bucher said one possibility is simply that the males are bigger and absorb more of the radiation. Para. 10 ①A seemingly paradoxical finding that has also puzzled the researchers is that the rats exposed to the cellphone radiation actually lived longer than the controls. ②One possible explanation, Bucher said, is that the radiation may ease inflammation, and lessen the severity of a chronic kidney disorder that is common in aging rats and can kill them.

单选题第一段①继续创新和加强宏观调控，经济运行保持在合理区间。②去年宏观调控面临多难抉择，我们坚持不搞“大水漫灌”式强刺激，而是依靠改革创新来稳增长、调结构、防风险，在区间调控基础上，加强定向调控、相机调控。③积极的财政政策力度加大，增加的财政赤字主要用于减税降费。④全面推开营改增试点，全年降低企业税负5,700多亿元，所有行业实现税负只减不增。⑤制定实施中央与地方增值税收入划分过渡方案，确保地方既有财力不变。⑥扩大地方政府存量债务置换规模，降低利息负担约4,000亿元。第二段⑦稳健的货币政策灵活适度，广义货币M2增长11.3%，低于13%左右的预期目标。⑧综合运用多种货币政策工具，支持实体经济发展。⑨实施促进消费升级措施。⑩出台鼓励民间投资等政策。投资出现企稳态势。分类调控房地产市场。加强金融风险防控，人民币汇率形成机制进一步完善，保持了在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定，维护了国家经济金融安全。

单选题 Para. 1 ①Every system for converting votes into power has its flaws. ②Britain suffers from an over-mighty executive; Italy from chronically weak government; Israel from small, domineering factions. ③America, however, is plagued by the only democratic vice more troubling than the tyranny of the majority: tyranny of the minority. Para. 2 ①This has come about because of a growing division between rural and urban voters. ②The electoral system the Founders devised, and which their successors elaborated, gives rural voters more clout than urban ones. ③When the parties stood for both city and country that bias affected them both. ④But the Republican Party has become disproportionately rural and the Democratic Party disproportionately urban. ⑤That means a red vote is worth more than a blue one. Para. 3 ①The consequences are dramatic. ②Republicans hold both the houses of Congress and the White House. ③But in previous elections their candidates got just 46% of the two-party vote for the Senate, and they won the presidential vote last year with 49%. Para. 4 Our voting model predicts that, for Democrats to have a better than 50% chance of winning control of the House in November's mid-term elections, they will need to win the popular vote by around seven percentage points. Para. 5 ①This imbalance is partly by design. ②The greatest and the smallest states each have two senators, in order that Congress should represent territory as well as people. ③Yet the over-representation of rural America was not supposed to affect the House and the presidency. Para. 6 ①For most of the past 200 years, when rural, urban and suburban interests were scattered between the parties, it did not. ②Today, however, the 13 states where people live closest together have 121 Democratic House members and 73 Republican ones, whereas the rest have 163 Republicans and just 72 Democrats. Para. 7 ①America has one party built on territory and another built on people. ②The bias is deepening. ③Every president who took office in the 20th century did so having won the popular vote. ④In two of the five elections for 21st century presidents, the minority won the electoral college. ⑤By having elected politicians appoint federal judges, the American system embeds this rural bias in the courts as well. Para. 8 ①Americans often say such partisanship is bad for their country. ②The Founding Fathers would have agreed. ③George Washington warned that 'the alternate domination of one faction over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge... is itself a frightful despotism'. Para. 9 ①As a component of partisanship, the built-in bias is obviously bad for Democrats. ②But in the long run it is bad for America as a whole, including Republicans. ③When lawmaking is paralyzed, important work is too hard. ④The few big laws that are approved pass on party-line votes. ⑤That emboldens the opposition to reverse or neuter them when they take power. Para. 10 ①Bitter partisanship and electoral bias poison politics and are hard to fix. ②Changing the constitution is hard—and rightly so. ③Voting reform is not the whole answer to partisanship and built-in bias, but it would help. ④It is hard, but not outlandish. ⑤To maintain the trust of all Americans, the world's oldest constitutional democracy needs to reform itself.

单选题 ①40年来中国经济持续快速增长靠的是改革，今后中国将以更大力度推进改革。②我们对全面深化改革已作出总体部署，其中一个重要方面是要努力打造国际一流的营商环境。③我们将加快转变政府职能，降低制度性交易成本，激发市场活力和社会创造力。④同时，着力减轻市场主体负担，今年我们将在过去五年减税降费3万多亿元人民币的基础上，继续加大减税降费力度。⑤我们将进一步扩大开放。⑥不仅在商品领域扩大开放，实施更加积极的进口政策，降低汽车、部分药品和日用消费品进口关税，而且要在服务领域扩大开放，加大知识产权保护力度，打造内外资企业一视同仁、公平竞争的市场环境。⑦不仅鼓励外国企业赴华投资，也鼓励有信誉、有实力的中国企业有序开展境外投资，实现互利共赢。

单选题 Para. 1 ①In late April, when Mike Massaro set out to get $40 million to $75 million in funding for his payments startup, Flywire, he contacted a small group of investors he already knew. ②But word quickly got around, and other investors flooded his inbox with $200 million of investment offers, half of which he turned down. Para. 2 Gusto, a payroll and benefits software company, raised $140 million in July, but could have done five times that, according to Joshua Reeves, its chief executive and founder. Para. 3 ①Convene, a real estate services startup, recently obtained $152 million and turned away more than $100 million of additional investment. ②Soon after, another wave of hopeful investors called, asking if the company would be looking for more financing, according to Ryan Simonetti, Convene's chief executive. Para. 4 ①Startups raising $100 million or more from investors—known as a mega-round in Silicon Valley—used to be a rarity. ②But now, they are practically routine, producing a frenzy around tech companies with enough scale and momentum to absorb a large check. Para. 5 ①For the startups, the pots of money are changing the normal way of building a tech company. ②They must move even faster, expand their ambitions and collect more investment money than ever—even if they might not be ready. ③They risk becoming too reliant on funding and never finding a path to profit. Para. 6 'If your competitor is going to raise $150 million and you want to be conservative and only raise $20 million, you're going to get run over,' said Bill Gurley, a managing partner at Benchmark Capital. Para. 7 ①Investors participated in a record 273 mega-rounds last year, according to the data provider Crunchbase. ②This year is on pace to easily eclipse that, with 268 completed in the first seven months of the year. ③In July, startups reached more than 50 financing deals worth a combined $15 billion, a new monthly high. Para. 8 ①In the last 10 days, Letgo, an online classifieds ads company, raised $500 million. ②Actifio, a data storage company, took in $100 million. ③MyDreamPlus, a coworking space startup, secured $120 million. ④And Klook, a travel activity booking site, got $200 million. Para, 9 These mega-rounds have become so common that CB Insights, which tracks startup investments, has even debated lifting its definition of a mega-round to $200 million or more, according to Anand Sanwal, the firm's chief executive. Para. 10 ①Few venture investors foresee a slowdown in the pace of mega-rounds. ②Those who once cautioned of a tech bubble and subsequent crash have given up on their warnings. ③Annie Lamont, a managing partner at the venture fund Oak HC/FT, expected a drop-off in startup valuations and funding three years ago, but it never happened. ④Now, she expects more of the same, partly because most the companies can easily get more money and few are worried about a downturn. Para. 11 ①'The fear of a correction is not occurring,' she said. ②If any startups do 'vaporize.' she said, 'I think people are going to ignore them and roll right on to the next one.'

单选题 第一段 ①面对世界政治经济格局的深刻变化，中国将始终站在和平稳定一边，站在公道正义一边，做世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。②我们将坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚决维护多边体制的权威性和有效性，反对各种形式的保护主义，深入参与全球治理进程，引导经济全球化朝着更加包容互惠、公正合理的方向发展。 第二段 ③推动构筑总体稳定、均衡发展的大国关系框架，着力营造睦邻互信、共同发展的周边环境，全面提升同发展中国家合作水平，积极提供解决全球性和地区热点问题的建设性方案。④加快完善海外权益保护机制和能力建设。⑤我们愿与国际社会一道，致力构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系，为打造人类命运共同体作出新的贡献。

单选题 Para. 1 ①On a Monday morning in November, students at Harvard Business School convened in their classroom to find Gwyneth Paltrow. ②The class was called the Business of Entertainment, Media and Sports. ③The students were there to interrogate Paltrow about Goop, her lifestyle-and-wellness e-commerce business, and to learn how to create a 'sustainable competitive advantage,' according to the class catalog. Para. 2 ①By the time she stood in that Harvard classroom, Goop was a clothing manufacturer, a beauty company, an advertising hub, a publishing house, a podcast producer and a portal of health-and-healing information, and soon it would become a TV-show producer. ②It was a clearinghouse of alternative health claims, sex-and-intimacy advice and probes into the mind, body and soul. ③There was no part of the self that Goop didn't aim to serve. Para. 3 ①Goop's first newsletter left Paltrow's kitchen in 2008, right when the economy was collapsing around us. ②It wasn't just the homes people no longer owned and the jobs people no longer had. ③It was the environmental crisis. ④It was the endless exposure of corruption. ⑤Whom exactly were we trusting with our care? ⑥Why did we decide to trust them in the first place? ⑦Who says that only certain kinds of people are allowed to give us the answers? Para. 4 ①These phenomena gave an easy rise to Gwyneth Paltrow, who was at first curating teas and lingerie and sweaters she thought you'd like. ②But people were looking for leaders, and she was already committing public displays of ostentatious wellness: She showed up at a movie premiere with cupping marks on her back; she let bees sting her. ③Suddenly Gwyneth Paltrow, the movie star, was a major player in an industry that was big business. Para. 5 ①Goop knew what readers were clicking on, and it was nimble enough to meet those needs by actually manufacturing the things its readers wanted. ②When a story about 'postnatal depletion,' a syndrome coined by one of the Goop doctors, did even-better-than-average business, it introduced Goop Wellness, a series of four vitamin 'protocols' for women with different concerns—weight, energy, focus, etc. ③Goop says it sold $100,000 of them on their first day. Para. 6 ①The weirder Goop went, the more its readers rejoiced. ②And then, of course, the more Goop was criticized: by mainstream doctors with accusations of pseudoscience, by websites like Slate and Jezebel saying it was no longer ludicrous—no, now it was dangerous. And elsewhere people would wonder how Gwyneth Paltrow could try to solve our problems when her life seemed almost comically problem-free. ③But every time there was a negative story about her or her company, all that did was bring more people to the site—among them those who had similar kinds of questions and couldn't find help in mainstream medicine.

单选题 第一段 ①万科企业股份有限公司成立于1984年，经过三十余年的发展，已成为国内领先的城乡建设与生活服务商，公司业务聚焦全国经济最具活力的三大经济圈及中西部重点城市。②2016年公司首次跻身《财富》“世界500强”，位列榜单第356位。 第二段 ③万科始终坚持为普通人提供好产品、好服务，通过自身的努力，为满足人民对美好生活的各方面需求，做出力所能及的贡献。④公司核心业务包括住宅开发、物业服务、租赁住宅；在住房领域，公司始终坚持住房的居住属性，坚持“为普通人盖好房子，盖有人用的房子”。⑤2018年，公司将自身定位进一步迭代升级为“城乡建设与生活服务商”，所搭建的生态体系已初具规模，在巩固住宅开发和物业服务固有优势的基础上，业务已延伸至商业开发和运营、物流仓储服务、租赁住宅、产业城镇、度假、养老、教育等领域，为更好地服务人民美好生活需要、实现可持续发展奠定了良好基础。

单选题 第一段 ①中国是统一的多民族国家。②在5000多年文明发展史中，中华各民族共同创造了悠久历史、灿烂文化。③新疆自古以来就是多民族迁徙聚居生活的地方，也是多种文化交流交融的舞台。 第二段 ④新疆历史文化名城名镇名村街区保护取得显著成效。⑤确立国家级历史文化名城5座、历史文化名镇3个、历史文化名村4个、历史文化街区2个、中国传统村落17个、中国少数民族特色村寨22个。⑥新疆坚持尊重差异、包容多样、相互欣赏，充分尊重和保护各种民俗文化，实现多元文化和谐共处，各民族优秀传统文化得到有效保护和传承。 第三段 ⑦随着互联网在中国的不断发展，近年来，互联网越来越成为新疆各族人民学习、工作、生活的新空间，获取公共服务的新平台。⑧今年，新疆本地消费者网购零售额达569.1亿元，比上年增长29.8%。⑨蓬勃发展的网络文化引领了向上向善的社会风尚。

单选题 第一段 ①实体经济从来都是我国发展的根基，当务之急是加快转型升级。②要深入实施创新驱动发展战略，推动实体经济优化结构，不断提高质量、效益和竞争力。 第二段 ③提升科技创新能力。④完善对基础研究和原创性研究的长期稳定支持机制，建设国家重大科技基础设施和技术创新中心，打造科技资源开放共享平台。⑤推进全面创新改革试验。⑥开展知识产权综合管理改革试点，完善知识产权创造、保护和运用体系。⑦深化人才发展体制改革，实施更加有效的人才引进政策，广聚天下英才，充分激发科研人员积极性，定能成就创新大业。 第三段 ⑧大力改造提升传统产业。⑨把发展智能制造作为主攻方向，推进国家智能制造示范区、制造业创新中心建设，大力发展先进制造业，推动中国制造向中高端迈进。⑩完善制造强国建设政策体系，以多种方式支持技术改造，促进传统产业焕发新的蓬勃生机。

单选题 Para. 1 ①It may poison the presidential election, but the Supreme Court should strike down Texas's restrictive abortion law. ②As if next year's election were not shaping up to be contentions enough, the Supreme Court has picked this year to issue its most consequential ruling on abortion in 20 years. ③This will add fresh impetus to a cultural battle that has raged, unresolved, on America's national stage for almost half a century. ④That is regrettable. ⑤It is also necessary. Para. 2 At issue is whether a law passed by the Texas legislature called HB2 is constitutional. Para. 3 ①The state has piled regulations on abortion clinics with the aim (so far rather successful) of closing them down. ②The number of such clinics in the state has dropped from 41 to 18 at the last count. ③If the court rules next year that HB2 is constitutional, that number will shrink further. ④Other states keen to restrict legal access to abortion would follow suit. ⑤Already there are four that have only one clinic for the whole state, malting the legal termination of a pregnancy a right that exists in theory but not in practice. Para. 4 ①A clear majority of Americans have, for decades, told pollsters that abortion should be legal in most cases. ②More recently, a narrower majority has emerged for outlawing abortion after 20 weeks, with some exceptions. ③That position—access to abortion that is legal and unrestricted until late in the second trimester, with some restrictions thereafter—is not unlike the compromise reached in other countries. ④In more secular Britain abortion is banned after 24 weeks, with exceptions in cases where to continue the pregnancy would threaten the life of the mother, or where the child is likely to be severely disabled. ⑤The Supreme Court itself has already endorsed limits after 24 weeks, the point at which a fetus is considered to be viable outside the womb, putting it squarely alongside public opinion. Para, 5 ①The best way forward would be to pass legislation to this effect. ②But there is no chance of that, because the two sides are farther apart than ever, with some pro-choice groups arguing that abortion is an absolute right that cannot be restricted under any circumstances, and their pro-life opponents retorting that all abortions are acts of murder. Para. 6 ①To make abortion safe, legal and rare remains a good aim for America's laws. ②But closing legal abortion clinics does nothing for safety, whatever the proponents of the Texan law claim. ③If such restrictions are adopted more widely, abortion will, in practice, become illegal in many places, leading to the return of dangerous, clandestine procedures. ④It will not necessarily become rarer. ⑤Whatever the law, abortions will be carried out. ⑥The appeals court which upheld HB2 earlier this year acknowledged as much when it wrote that Texans who wanted an abortion could in future drive to New Mexico. Para. 7 ①That nine unelected justices can do a better job of reflecting what America. in aggregate, favors than thousands of elected politicians in Washington or state capitols. ②Despite the reaction it will provoke, the court should strike down HB2.

单选题 第一段 ①中国和东盟山水相连，是好邻居、好朋友、好伙伴。②中国—东盟合作的重要性已超越双边范畴，日益成为维护地区和平稳定、促进区域共同繁荣的支撑和引擎。③中国欢迎东盟国家搭乘中国经济发展的快车，愿与东盟建设更为紧密的命运共同体，共塑中国—东盟合作新未来。 第二段 ④中国愿做开放共赢的伙伴。⑤中国和东盟各国都是自由贸易的受益者，维护多边主义和国际贸易体系符合我们的共同利益。⑥中国愿做共同发展的伙伴。⑦中国愿将自身发展融于东亚整体发展之中，与东盟积极落实“3+X合作框架”，加强“一带一路”倡议与东盟发展战略的对接。⑧中国愿做共建和平的伙伴。⑨中方倡导共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，愿与地区国家以国际法和规则为基础，打造以东盟为中心、开放包容的亚太安全架构。

单选题 第一段 ①纵观世界历史，每一次工业革命都推动了社会生产力大跃升、人类文明大进步。②这一轮工业革命，是在经济全球化背景下孕育兴起的，正以前所未有的速度、广度、深度改变着世界，为各国经济增长提供了强劲动力。③但如果举措不当，也会带来增长包容性不足问题。④比如，一部分人受益多、另一部分人受益少，传统产业和就业受到冲击，资本回报和劳动回报差距加大。⑤解决好这些问题，既具有社会意义，也具有经济意义。 第二段 ⑥与以往的工业革命相比，在新工业革命中实现包容性增长，具有更大的可能性。⑦以网络化、数字化、智能化为代表的新工业革命，不仅创造了新的供给与需求，大大拓展了发展空间，也给各方带来前所未有的机会、平等参与的机会。⑧每个人都可借助互联网，更加便利地创业创新创富。⑨发展中国家也可以更好发挥比较优势和后发优势。⑩关键是要采取有力有效的举措，把这些可能变为现实，使更多的人、企业、国家在新工业革命中实现更好发展。

单选题 第一段 ①中国坚持以生存权和发展权作为首要的基本人权，把发展作为执政兴国的第一要务和解决中国所有问题的关键，以保障和改善民生为重点，努力通过解决最紧迫和最突出的问题增进人民福祉。 第二段 ②改革开放初期，解决近10亿人口温饱问题是中国面临的头等大事。③中国以不足世界10%的耕地，养活了接近世界20%的人口，从根本上消除了饥饿，持续提升了人民的营养水平，实现了人民的基本生存权。 第三段 ④消除贫困是中国人权保障的重中之重。⑤改革开放是中国消除贫困的强大驱动力。⑥40年来，中国政府持续开展以农村扶贫开发为中心的减贫行动，在全国范围内开展有组织有计划的大规模开发式扶贫。⑦经过多年不懈奋斗，中国农村贫困人口显著减少，贫困发生率持续下降，且贫困地区农民生产生活条件显著改善，贫困群众获得感显著增强，脱贫攻坚取得决定性进展。⑧中国的减贫成就是中国人权事业发展的最显著标志。

单选题 Para. 1 ①Economists have always been fond of Uber. ②Its willingness to battle incumbents, use of technology to match buyers and sellers, and embrace of 'surge' pricing to balance supply and demand make the ride-hailing giant a dismal scientist's dream. ③Steven Levitt, the author of the bestselling 'Freakonomics', called it 'the embodiment of what the economists would like the economy to look like'. ④But if economists subjected Uber and its competitors to a cost-benefit analysis, they might not be so impressed. Para. 2 ①This might surprise customers. ②A study by researchers from Oxford University, the University of Chicago and Uber itself found sizeable benefits from ride-hailing services for consumers. ③Using data from 48m Uber trips taken in four American cities, they estimated the difference between how much customers were willing to pay and their actual fare. ④Each $1 spent on Uberx rides generated a 'consumer surplus' of $1.60. ⑤Across America, that surplus was estimated to be $6.8bn a year. Para. 3 ①Drivers also benefit. ②Few sign up for lack of anything else, as is true of some gig work: in America roughly eight in ten have left another job to get behind the wheel. ③The typical American Uber driver makes $16 per hour ($10 after expenses), higher than the federal minimum wage. ④In London earnings after expenses come to 11 pounds ($14) per hour and a recent survey found Uber drivers reporting higher levels of life satisfaction on average than other workers. Para. 4 ①But against these benefits, there are costs to weigh. ②Far from reducing congestion by encouraging people to give up their cars, as many had hoped, ride-hailing seems to increase it. ③Bruce Schaller, a transport consultant, estimates that over half of all Uber trips in big American cities would otherwise have been made on foot or by bike, bus, subway or train. Para. 5 ①A new working paper by researchers from the University of Chicago and Rice University spells out one deadly consequence of this increase in traffic. ②Using data from the federal transport department, they find that the introduction of ride-sharing to a city is associated with an increase in vehicle-miles travelled, petrol consumption and car registrations—and a 3.5% jump in fatal car accidents. ③At a national level, this translates into 987 extra deaths a year. Para. 6 ①What could be done to tip the balance back to benefits overall? ②'Congestion pricing is the most direct solution,' says Jonathan Hall of the University of Toronto. ③Several cities, including London, Stockholm and Singapore, have moved in this direction, charging drivers for entering busy areas at peak hours. ④If ride-hailing firms tweaked their pricing to encourage carpooling, that would help, too. Para. 7 ①One of the worst things a city can do, says John Barrios of the University of Chicago, is to cap the number of ride-hailing cars on their streets, as New York did in August. ②That marked a step back towards the days when barriers to entering the taxi market were high and competition was low. ③A dismal outcome, as most right-thinking economists would agree.

单选题 第一段 ①南京，她有层出不穷的风流人物，和彪炳千秋的不朽业绩。②大都会特有的凝聚力，吸引了无数风云人物、仁人志士在这里角逐争雄。③他们是中华民族的优秀儿女，巍巍钟山、滚滚长江养育了他们，为他们提供了施展抱负的舞台，他们也以自己的雄才大略、聪明智慧为中华民族的灿烂文明增添了流光溢彩的新篇章。 第二段 ④南京，她自新中国建立以来发生的巨大而深刻的变化更加使人欢欣鼓舞。⑤人民在自己的土地上辛勤劳作，把古老南京装扮得面貌一新。⑥特别在过去几十年来，改革开放又给这座美丽的名城注入了新的活力，崭新的工业、通达的运输、如画的城市建设、兴盛的第三产业、多姿的文化生活，都使这个具有古都特色的现代都市焕发出勃勃英姿。⑦孙中山先生所预言的：“南京将来之发展未可限量也”，正在逐步成为现实。