问答题1．至于在近期内能否再次出现这种各方面情况的巧合，即使最乐观的看法，也是值得怀疑的，尤其是考虑到美国国防预算缩减和海外基地减少的情况。 2．我们首先应考虑的是，坚持美国国内各种因素之间、各个部分之间的相互依赖关系——承认体现传统的和永远重要的美国开拓精神。 3．没有人比我对刚刚向议会全体代表发言的可尊敬的先生们的爱国精神和才干更钦佩了。 4．然而，这个专门小组尚未就一个关系重大的问题达成一致意见，即是否提出有关的立法建议，以使个人对克隆人体进行资助成为犯罪行为。 5．你们大家都反复听说过，科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的，他们在某种意义上说借助这些方法力求从自然界找到某些自然规律，然后他们在这些规律的基础上运用自己的某种特别本领建立起自己的理论。

问答题Continuing into the West, the plane flies over vast prairies and rough cattle-grazing country

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} {{B}}The Truth about the Environment{{/B}} For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that natural resources are running out; that the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; that species are becoming extinct in vast numbers, and that the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted. But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more abundant, not less so, since the book {{I}}The Limits to Growth{{/I}} was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per head of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are starving. Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25-50%, as has so often been predicted. And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been exaggerated, or are temporary-associated with the early phases of industrialisation and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by accelerating it. One form of pollution—the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming—does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to pose a devastating problem. Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and many factors seem to cause this disjunction between perception and reality.

问答题1．美国人常认为：在他们国家，一个人的地位可以从社会最底层上升到社会最上层，亚伯拉罕·林肯就是极好的例子。 2．确保联邦政府的资源得到妥善管理的主要负担落在相对他雇用的500万名男女职员来说寥寥无几的少数人身上。 3．不知道哲学家现状的人也许会惊奇地发现：现在大学的哲学家中很少有人去研究过去在大学曾经探讨过的问题——死亡、上帝的存在、基本道德、客观世界或对幸福的期望。 4．的确，可以得出这样的结论，直到1982年公约通过之后，才有了适用于国际社会大部分成员的健全的海洋条约法律。 5．由于剩余价值的发现，使问题明朗化了。而先前，无论资产阶级经济学家还是社会批评家所从事的一切研究都只是在黑暗中摸索。

问答题磁悬浮列车(magnetic levitation train)的速度是普通列车的六倍。

问答题Norway is, quite naturally, paying great attention to developments in Europe and in the Atlantic community, which are so instrumental to the maintenance of peace and security in our part of the world.

问答题The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. 16 Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law. If the study of taw is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism education. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. 17 On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist"s intellectual preparation for his or her career. 18 But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. 19 In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. 20 While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of signifcance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well grounded understanding of the legal system.

问答题1．全球经济一体化和区域化、集团化加速发展，国际经济、贸易、科技竞争越来越激烈。在这种形势下，发展中国家在实现经济增长、提高人民生活水平的道路上面临严峻的挑战。 2．消费，消费，再消费!我们的社会以消费者为中心——而且到了危险的地步。为了使工业的车轮不停地运转，我们生产出无数的消费品，而且在此过程中使自然资源急速枯竭，但这仅仅是问题的一半。 3．在美国商界，网络犯罪(cybercrime)比其他形式的犯罪更令人担忧。2005年，约90%的美国公司发生过电脑安全事故，如病毒、网络盗窃等。

问答题Parents are required by law to see that their children receive full-time education, at school or elsewhere, between the ages of 5 and 16 in England, Scotland and Wales and 4 and 16 in Northern Ireland. About 93 percent of pupils receive free education from public funds, while the others attend independent schools financed by fees paid by parents. Many, aged 3-4 years, children attend nursery schools and classes (or, in England, reception classes in primary schools). Pre-school education may also be provided in some private day nurseries and pre-school playgroups (which are largely organized by parents). The Government has stated its commitment to a major expansion of pre-school education and wants all children to begin school with a basic foundation in literacy and numeracy. From September 1998 it is providing free nursery education in England and Wales for all 4 year olds whose parents want it, and is committed to staged targets for provision for 3 year olds thereafter. Local education authorities, in partnership with private and voluntary providers, have drawn up "early years development plans" for securing these objectives. The plans are designed to show how co-operation between private nurseries, playgroups and schools can best serve the interests of children and their parents. From April 1999, early years development partnerships and plans will be expanded to deliver quality childcare integrated with early education. In addition, the Government is working with local authorities and others in England to establish "early excellence centers" designed to demonstrate good practice in education and childcare. In Scotland, local education authorities have been taking the leading role, from August 1998, in planning and co-ordinating pre-school education and in providing places, working in partnership with voluntary and private providers. The Government planned to give all children in the pre-school year access to quality, part-time education by the winter of 1998. Northern Ireland has a lower compulsory school age of 4 and a single school entry date in September each year. A pre-school education expansion programme, undertaken through part-nership between the education and library boards, other statutory providers and the private and voluntary sectors, has provided additional pre-school places.

问答题Ancient athletes competed as individuals, not on national teams, as in the modern Games.

问答题The automobile industry is one of the most important industries in the world, affecting not only the economy but also the cultures of the world.

问答题It is an event comparable to the first manned landing on the moon.

问答题The tiny Isle of Man in the Irish Sea is not known as a vanguard of technology, but this month it was to serve as the test bed for the highly acclaimed third-generation mobile phones. A subsidiary of British Telecom (BT), the British phone company, cobbled together a network and prepared to hand out prototype mobile handsets to about 200 volunteers. But problems arose in the software that keeps track of each call as it moves from one tower's range to another's. BT postponed the trial until late summer, after a similar delay announced a few weeks earlier by NTT DoCoMo in Japan. What's the big deal? Aren't thousands of mobile calls "handed off" every day from one "cell" to another without a glitch? They are indeed. But third-generation technology, or 3G, is so radically new that it requires a rethinking of just about every aspect of how mobile phones work, from the handset to the transmission masts to the software that runs them. For this reason, 3G are a massive engineering and construction project that will take years to complete and cost hundreds of billions of dollars. The magnitude of this effort has somehow been forgotten in the mad scramble to be first out. The handover problem is a case in point. When you talk on a conventional mobile phone, your call is beamed as a continuous stream of digital data to the nearest receiver. The technology for handing these calls off from one area to the next was worked out years ago. But a 3G phone is different it bundle up the data into little packets and sends them through the airwaves, one at a time. This creates the impression of an Internet connection's being "always on," which is good news. But keeping rack of these data bundles from one region to the next is a daunting engineering problem -- and, more to the point, a brand-new one. NEC, the Japanese phone company that supplies BT with equipment for its Isle of Man trail, hasn't had time to work it out. Handset makers also have work to do. The 3G technologies have so many features; only a wonder gizmo could handle all of them, which is why none exists. The phones are not only supposed to work with 3G networks but also with the less sophisticated ( but cheaper and more useful) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) technology already being installed on the continent and also with the current mobile phone standard, Global System for Mobile(GSM). Phones for corporate executives are also supposed to adapt to dozens of other standards around the world. Doing all this requires powerful, custom-built computer chips, which are tough to make quickly. A device that does so many things is bound to guzzle a lot of power. Prototype 3G phones drain so much juice that they've been known to get uncomfortably hot. Batteries that can keep a conventional phone running for days would fizzle in a 3G handset in a matter of minutes. Engineers are searching for alternative, but at the moment the lack of a long-lasting battery is a major hurdle. None of these problems is insurmountable, but neither will they be resolved quickly. Analysts at Forrester Research in the Netherlands predict that even in 2005, when more than half of Europe's phones will be connected to the Internet, fewer than 15 percent of them will use 3G. That's a measure of this technology's complexity and immaturity.

问答题1．虽然这些历史学家中的很多人也接受先前的这种假设，即亲英分子代表上层阶级，但新的证据表明，亲英分子同反叛分子一样，都来自于所有的社会经济阶级。 2．在没有抑制阶级冲突的地方，一个阶级或另一个阶级中争吵的反叛者通常变成亲英分子。 3．尽管存在着这些模糊的分类，人们也不应该明确地宣称：在可识别的阶级之间的敌意不能在法律上观察到。 4．虽然阶级冲突的含意存在于这种仇恨之中，但反抗主要是区域性的。 5．然而强调在殖民者中取得了一致性的那些人，只有当他们理解了为了实现这种一致性就必须克服或者压制那些冲突的时候，才能完全理解这种一致性。

问答题心理学研究表明，有钱人对总体生活质量的满意度通常比穷人要高。

问答题上世纪八十年代初以来我国的国民生产总值翻了两番。

问答题The reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest men of the past centuries.

问答题{{B}}奥运会与北京市发展{{/B}} 由于筹办奥运会在城市基础设施、生态环境、电子技术等方面提出大量的建设性需求，使得筹办过程对整个城市的经济发展产生巨大的带动作用。例如，韩国在筹办1988年汉城奥运会期间，从1981年到1988年经济增长速度年均提高到12.4%；1985年至1990年，人均国内生产总值从2300美元增加到6300美元，实现了从发展中国家向新兴工业国的转变。因此，人们有理由相信，2008年的北京奥运会也将对这座城市的经济发展产生重大影响。 北京申办成功后，许多专家就举办2008年奥运会对首都经济增长的促进作用做了不少分析。据估计，2002—2007年，因奥运引起的投资和消费需求，将拉动全市国内生产总值增长速度平均每年提高约1.67个百分点。到2007年，全市国内生产总值可达到5900亿元左右，人均国内生产总值达到6000美元，接近汉城20年前举办奥运会时达到的水平。 实施《北京奥运行动规划》后，北京市在基础设施和生态环境等方面的建设投资不断增长。在环境保护方面，2002年建成了120平方公里的绿化隔离带，完成了“五河十路”366公里的绿化工程，搬迁了40家严重污染的企业；新建了包括菖蒲河公园、明城墙遗址公园在内的16处大绿地，占地104公顷；新增草坪363万平方米，总面积已达到5000万平方米。清河、凉水河等综合整治污水处理系统进展顺利，生态环境保护工作取得了显著的成果。 在交通建设方面，四环路全线开通。投资14.5亿美元的地铁5号线预计2006年建成通车。在2008年前新建8条轨道交通线，使全市的轨道交通线路总长达到300公里。 在文物保护和文化建设方面，近几年，北京市拨款20多个亿用于文化设施建设。在未来5年中，北京市政府还将陆续投资7500万美元，用于城市遗址遗迹的保护和修缮。

问答题The government has finally grown sick of claims that GCSEs and A-levels are being dumbed down, it seems. In his speech to the Labour Party conference on September 26th, Ed Balls, the schools secretary, said he would create a new watchdog to oversee exams. The current regulator is to be broken in two, with one bit continuing to develop new syllabuses and qualifications and reporting to ministers. The other bit, independent of government and reporting directly to Parliament, is to guard against grade inflation. Mr. Bails draws parallels with Gordon Brown's first big step when he became chancellor in 1997. Relinquishing the Treasury's power to set interest rates to an independent body is still, ten years later, regarded as his finest hour. Mr. Balls, as his chief economic adviser at the time, was one of the architects of that decision. Both men hope that the new exams watchdog will lead to similar plaudits. Britain's secondary-school exam results have every reason to be upwardly mobile. The government wants voters to believe their children are getting a good education, so it is keen on high grades. Schools respond by shopping around among exam boards for the easiest syllabuses and tests, and directing pupils towards the softest subjects. Exam boards navigate between losing the trust of universities and losing the patronage of schools. And the individuals setting and marking exams know that harshness may mean fewer candidates in future. The new arrangements may ensure that, in schools at least, bad exams do not drive out good. But they will have no effect on universities, where grade inflation is also rife. Three-fifths of all students now get at least an upper second, and between 2002 and 2006 the proportion of first-class honours degrees crept up from 9.7% to 11%. There are also signs that the value of English degrees is being eroded on the international market. On September 25th the Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI), a think-tank, published the results of a survey of 15,000 English undergraduates. It turns out that they spend much less time studying than those elsewhere in Europe. The average English student puts in 26 hours a week: 14 taught hours and the rest on independent study, compared with 29 hours in Spain and 41 in Portugal. Nor is it that English students are skimping on their studies to run to paid jobs ; students in other countries work harder outside university, too. HEPI's director, Bahrain Bekhradnia, cautions against a simplistic interpretation. Hours taught do not equal hours spent learning, he says, pointing out that tailored tutorials for small groups are likely to transmit more knowledge than the lectures in enormous amphitheatres that are routine at some continental universities. But neither can the results be brushed away, he says. Foreign students may go elsewhere if they think an English undergraduate degree is content-light and poor value for money. This would spell financial disaster for many cash-strapped English universities. In 2004-05, the last year for which figures are available, they received? 1.7 billion in foreign students' fees. At first sight the results of the third National Student Survey, published on September 12th, make more cheerful reading. That found that four-fifths of all English students considered their university experience satisfactory. But Graham Gibbs of Oxford University puts a gloomy spin on even this. What these students may be satisfied with, he says, "is an education that makes comparatively low demands on them". That is perhaps understandable: most undergraduates are not known for their work ethic. But it is short-sighted, both for them and their universities. After all, a currency can only trade for so long on its reputation.

问答题汉字在历史上有过不可磨灭的功绩。