问答题It was a hot afternoon in July when my shuttle bus stuttered to a halt on the dusty banks of the Yukon River. I squinted, bleary-eyed, at the Frontier-style houses of Canada"s Dawson City opposite. Thanks to our slow progress along the scantily paved Top of the World Highway, my 10-hour, 620km journey from Fairbanks, Alaska had been long and uncomfortable. But as I was on a quest to discover the landscapes immortalised in the books of US writer, Jack London, a man who braved Canada"s sub-zero temperatures and wilderness before roads like the highway even existed, it seemed inappropriate to complain. In October 1897, London had arrived in Dawson City on a hastily constructed boat in far more arduous circumstances than I, including a dangerous, 800kin voyage downriver from the Yukon"s headwaters in British Columbia. An aspiring but still-unknown 21-year-old writer from the San Francisco Bay area, London was one of tens of thousands of "stampeders" lured north by the Klondike Gold Rush. He went on to spend a frigid winter working a claim on Henderson Creek, 120km south of Dawson, where he found very little gold, but did contract a bad case of scurvy. He also discovered a different kind of fortune: he later would turn his experiences as an adventurous devil-may-care prospector into a body of Klondike-inspired fiction—and into $1 million in book profits, making him the first US author to earn such an amount. The Klondike Gold Rush ignited in 1896, when three US prospectors found significant gold deposits in a small tributary in Canada"s Yukon Territory. When the news filtered to Seattle and San Francisco the following summer, the effect on a US still reeling from severe economic recession was unprecedented. Thousands risked their lives to make the sometimes year-long journey to the subarctic gold fields. Of an estimated 100,000 people who set out for the Klondike over the following four years, less than half made it without turning around or dying en route; only around 4% struck gold. Dawson City, which sprang up on the banks of the Yukon in 1896 close to the original find, quickly became the gold rush"s hub. Today, its dirt streets and crusty clapboard buildings—all protected by Canada"s national park service—retain their distinct Klondike-era character. But as our bus crept along Front Street past bevies of tourists strolling along permafrost-warped boardwalks, I reflected how different London"s experience must have been. Contemporary Dawson City is a civilised grid of tourist-friendly restaurants and film set-worthy streets, with a permanent population of around 1,300. By contrast, in 1898 it was a bawdy boomtown of 30,000 hardy itinerants who tumbled out of rambunctious bars and crowded the river in makeshift rafts. The roughshod living would not have intimidated London. Born into a working class family in San Francisco in 1876, his callow years were short on home comforts. As a teenager, he rode the rails, became an oyster pirate and was jailed briefly for vagrancy. He also acquired an unquenchable appetite for books. Passionate, determined and impatient, London was naturally drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush. In the summer of 1897, weeks after hearing news of the gold strike, he was on a ship to Dyea in Alaska with three partners, using money raised by mortgaging his sister"s house. My bus dropped me outside the Triple J Hotel, which like all buildings in Dawson looks like a throwback to the 1890s—televisions and wi-fi aside. Too tired to watch the midnight sun, I fell asleep early to prepare for the next day"s visit to the Jack London Interpretive Center. Dawson City"s premiere Jack London attraction, it is a small museum whose prime exhibit—a small wooden cabin, roof covered in grass and moss—sits outside in a small garden surrounded by a white fence. On first impressions, it looks painfully austere. But the story of how the cabin got here is a tale worthy of London"s own fiction. In the late 1960s, Dick North, the centre"s former curator, heard of an old log emblazoned with the handwritten words "Jack London, Miner, Author, Jan 27 1898". According to two backcountry settlers, it had been cut out of a cabin wall by a dog-musher named Jack MacKenzie in the early 1940s. Excited by the find, North got hand-writing experts to authenticate that the scrawl on the so-called signature slab was London"s before setting out to find the long forgotten cabin from which MacKenzie had plucked it. North wandered with a dog mushing team for nearly 200km until he located the humble abode where London had spent the inclement winter of 1897-8 searching for gold. So remote was the location that when a team of observers arrived to aid North in April 1969, they became stuck in slushy snow and had to be rescued. Once removed, the cabin was split in two. Half of the wood (along with the reinserted signature slab) was used to build a cabin in Jack London Square in Oakland, California, near where the author grew up. The other half was reassembled next to the Interpretive Centre in Dawson City. London left the Klondike Gold Rush in July 1898 virtually penniless, having earned less than $10 from panned gold. But he had unwittingly stumbled upon another gold mine: stories. During the rush, his cabin had been located at an unofficial meeting point of various mining routes; other stampeders regularly dropped by to share their tales and adventures. Mixed with London"s own experiences and imagination, these anecdotes laid the foundations for his subsequent writing career, spearheaded by the best-selling 1903 novel The Call of the Wild. The Klondike Gold Rush finished by 1900. Despite its brevity—and its disappointment for thousands who staked everything on its get-rich-quick promises—it is a key part of US folklore and fiction thanks, in large part, to the tales of Jack London. Later, on a bus heading south to Whitehorse, I looked out at the brawny wilderness of scraggy spruce trees and bear-infested forest where the young, resolute London had once toiled in temperatures as low as-50～C. I felt new admiration for the writer—and for his swaggering desire to turn adversity into art.

问答题中国是农业大国，在中国成为发达国家的道路上，农业有着决定性的作用。中国的农业应该是世界的奇迹，养活了13亿的人口，解决了世界1/5人口的吃饭问题，对中国经济的快速发展起到了坚实的保障作用。特别是始于1978年的改革开放最早从农村开始，使农业得到了进一步的发展，粮食、棉花、油料、糖料、肉类、水产品等产量均列世界第一位。中国农产品由极度短缺变为基本供给平衡，部分品种有余。但今天农村却不是改革开放的最大受益者，农业仍然处于传统农业向现代农业转变的发展阶段。 在中国，70%左右的人口仍然要依靠这个传统的农业产业提供生存保障，近50%的社会劳动人口仍然只能从农业中得到就业机会。农业生产产值占整个国民生产总值的比率在15%左右。 因此农业的现代化在国家的整个现代化进程中，占有举足轻重的地位。“实现农业的现代化”，这是中国政府一直在坚持的农业发展方向。

问答题公司理念 企业愿景及使命 中国海油以科学发展观为指导，坚持“双赢、责任、诚信、创新、关爱”的企业理念，实施协调发展、人才兴企、科技领先和低成本战略，坚持特色发展道路，推动公司的高效高速发展，努力建设国际一流能源公司。 企业价值观 追求人、企业、社会与自然的和谐进步，做员工自豪、股东满意、伙伴信任、社会欢迎、政府重视的综合型能源公司。 经营理念 以人为本 从关注和满足人的需求出发，通过制度安排做到尊重人的价值，提升人的素质，发挥人的能力，保障人的权益，凝聚人的心气，使人与企业共同发展。 担当责任 公司竭力为国家发展提供优质能源，为社会进步提供强力支持；坚持科学发展观和走可持续发展道路，实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的和谐统一。员工以一流的素质和业绩为公司及社会创造价值，具有符合社会道德要求的正义感和责任心，永远对客户负责，对公司负责，对个人行为负责。 和合双赢 从长远发展的角度思考和讨论问题，寻求互惠互利的合作方案，通过资源整合，优势互补，和气共生，发挥潜能，达到资源的最佳配置、组织的最优组合、人才的最好利用、价值的最大实现，使得利益关联各方都有满意的结果。 诚实守信 公司在经营过程中讲信用，守承诺，公开透明，诚实不欺，在不损害社会利益和其他相关方利益的前提下追求公司价值最大化。员工品质优良，行为正派，不欺瞒，不作假，有良好职业操守和荣誉感。 变革创新 培植创造素质和开拓能力，吸收新信息、新知识、新观念，转换思维角度，突破成规局限，采用超前方式和措施，建立先进理念和体系，创造最好技术和工艺，开创一流业绩和局面。 核心发展战略 协调发展 要立足于打造各业务板块国际竞争力和资源配置优势，持续提升协调发展境界，使各板块发挥综合竞争优势，形成更强的国际竞争力。 科技驱动 要提高公司的研发能力，完善科技创新的体制机制，加强科技人才队伍建设，靠科技水平的提高谋求公司的长远发展，不断提升科技进步对发展的贡献率。 人才兴企 要通过完善人才引进、培养和激励机制，加大人力资源开发力度，建立一支思想作风过硬、技能素质更加全面、结构层次更加合理的人才队伍。 成本领先 要始终抓好成本控制和成本管理，使之成为公司的一种企业文化，成为全体员工的自觉行为，始终保持公司在国际同行中的成本领先优势。 绿色低碳 要坚持绿色发展、清洁发展、低碳发展，大力推进节能减排，打造绿色低碳产业，塑造新的竞争优势，努力建设成为绿色低碳的能源公司。

问答题凡事应该适度。适度是最安全的。以学生生活为例，有些学生学习太努力，而玩得太少；还有些学生玩得太多，而学习得太少。前者由于缺少体育锻炼弄坏了身体，后者玩得太多而损坏了智力。 在饮食方面，也必须要适度。不要吃得太多或太少，吃得太多你会生病，而吃得太少你会虚弱。 能取得进步的人是那些思想既不太保守而又不太激进的人。太保守的人，他裹足不前，而太激进的人，他就东闯西闯没有明确的目标。心胸宽的人总是在合理的范围内活动。在生活中，无论什么样的活动，适度是通向享受幸福的最好途径之一。

问答题避暑山庄位于承德市区北部，是清代最大的皇家园林。 清朝康熙皇帝在为巩固多民族国家的统一，安塞固疆的多次北巡途中，见这里风景秀丽，气候宜人，离京师又近，遂于1703年在此修建避暑山庄。此项工程历经康熙、乾隆两代，用了87年时间才告完工。康熙、乾隆每年有半年时间在这里避暑和处理政务。清朝以后，山庄遭到严重破坏。解放后，人民政府把山庄列为全国重点文物保护单位，并拨巨款进行修复，使之成为国内外游客消夏和游览的场所。 避暑山庄规模宏大，占地560万平方米，宫墙长达20华里。山庄分宫殿区和苑景区两部分，景观丰富，秀丽如画。整个山庄楼堂殿阁鳞次栉比，寺观庵斋遍布山壑；绿草如茵，林木苍翠；山峦起伏，峡谷幽深。

问答题“地球一小时”活动于去年在澳大利亚最大的城市悉尼(Sydney)首次举行。当时全市约有220万居民集体熄灯，没有灯光的悉尼歌剧院沐浴在月光里，海湾大桥(Harbour Bridge)也熄灯响应。 活动组织者安迪·里德利说，悉尼的“熄灯一小时”活动引起了世界各国的极大兴趣。目前，亚太、北美、欧洲以及中东地区的23个城市已报名参加今年的活动。最新响应的八个城市包括：美国的亚特兰大、旧金山和菲尼克斯、泰国首都曼谷、加拿大的渥太华、温哥华和蒙特利尔，以及爱尔兰的都柏林。 此外，参与该活动的城市还包括：澳大利亚的悉尼、珀斯、墨尔本、堪培拉、布里斯班、阿德莱德，丹麦的哥本哈根、阿胡斯、奥尔堡和欧登塞，菲律宾首都马尼拉，斐济最大的城市苏瓦，新西兰的基督城；芝加哥：特拉维夫以及多伦多。 由“世界自然基金会”发起的“地球一小时”活动计划于当地时间3月29日晚八点准时开始。他表示，希望这一理念能越过国界，影响更多的国家。

问答题For the first time in the history of the world, every human being is now subjected to contact with dangerous chemicals, from the moment of conception until death. In the less than two decades of their use, the synthetic pesticides have been so thoroughly distributed throughout the animate and inanimate world that they occur virtually everywhere. They have been recovered from most of the major river systems and even from streams of groundwater flowing unseen through the earth. Residues of these chemicals linger in soil to which they may have been applied a dozen years before. They have entered and lodged in the bodies of fish, birds, reptiles, and domestic and wild animals so universally that scientists carrying on animal experiments find it almost impossible to locate subjects free from such contamination. They have been found in fish in remote mountain lakes, in earthworms burrowing in soil, in the eggs of birds—and in man himself. For these chemicals are now stored in the bodies of the vast majority of human beings, regardless of age. They occur in the mother's milk, and probably in the tissues of the unborn child. All this has come about because of the sudden rise and prodigious growth of an industry for the production of man-made or synthetic chemicals with insecticidal properties. This industry is a child of the Second World War. In the course of developing agents of chemical warfare, some of the chemicals created in the laboratory were found to be lethal to insects. The discovery did not come by chance: insects were widely used to test chemicals as agents of death for man. The result has been a seemingly endless stream of synthetic insecticides. What sets the new synthetic insecticides apart is their enormous biological potency. They have immense power not merely to poison but to enter into the most vital processes of the body and change them in sinister and often deadly ways. Thus, as we shall see, they destroy the very enzymes whose function is to protect the body from harm, they block the oxidation processes from which the body receives its energy, they prevent the normal functioning of various organs, and they may initiate in certain cells the slow and irreversible change that leads to malignancy.

问答题The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid" media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage" owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media—for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned. The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them. If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} {{B}}Development of the City{{/B}} Whatever the particular circumstances of a city, though, its vigour was likely to be affected by technological change. Just as it was improvements in farming that brought about the surpluses that made possible the first fixed settlements, so it was improvements in transport that made possible the development of trade on which the prosperity of so many cities depended. Other technological changes made it possible to survive in a city. The Romans, for instance, constructed aqueducts to bring fresh water to their towns and sewers to provide sanitation. But only the rich benefited. Most Romans, and many city-dwellers throughout history, lived in squalor, and many died of it. Towns were crowded and insanitary; people were often malnourished; and disease spread fast. Though cities grew in size and number for long periods, they could decline and fall, too. Between 1000 and 1300 Europe's urban population more than doubled, to about 70m (thanks partly to a new system of crop rotation, made possible by better tools). Then, with the Black Death, it fell by a quarter. Country people died too, but the city-dwellers were especially vulnerable. Their health depended above all on clean water and sanitation, which few had, and cheap soap and medicines, which had yet to be invented. Not surprisingly, the next big change in the development of the city also turned on a leap in technology: the invention of engines and manufacturing machinery. The Industrial Revolution did nothing at first to make urban life easier, but it did provide jobs—lots of them. With the new factories of the industrial age that began in the late 18th century was born an entirely new urban era. Peasants left the land in their multitudes to live in new cities, first in the north of England, then all over Europe and North America. By 1900, 13% of the world's population had become urban.

问答题矿产资源是地壳和地表经地质作用形成的自然富集体，在当今经济技术条件下具有开发利用价值的，呈固态、液态和气态产出的自然资源。 中国已成为世界上少见的矿产资源总量丰富、矿种比较齐全、配套程度较高的国家之一。中国已经发现矿产171种，其中探明有储量的矿产157种，我国已探明的矿产资源总量较大，约占世界总量的12%，但我国人均资源占有量占世界人均的58%，名列第53位。目前，我国92%以上的一次能源，80%的工业原材料，70%以上的农业生产资料，30%以上的农业灌溉用水和32%的生活用水均来自矿产资源。 矿产资源是人类生存和社会发展的重要物质基础，加快矿产资源的开发利用，发挥矿产资源勘探的潜力作用。

问答题"Bayer is strictly committed to bee health," said Gillian Mansfield, an official specializing in strategic messaging at the company"s Bayer CropScience division. She was sitting at the center"s semicircular coffee bar, which has a formidable espresso maker and, if you ask, homegrown Bayer honey. On the surrounding walls, bee fun facts are written in English, like "A bee can fly at roughly 16 miles an hour" or, it takes "nectar from some two million flowers in order to produce a pound of honey." While others point at pesticides, Bayer has funded research that blames mites for the bee die-off. And the center combines resources from two of the company"s divisions, Bayer CropScience and Bayer Animal Health, to further study the mite menace. "The varroa is the biggest threat we have," said Manuel Tritschler, 28, a third-generation beekeeper who works for Bayer. "It"s very easy to see them, the mites, on the bees," he said, holding a test tube with dead mites suspended in liquid. "They suck the bee blood, from the adults and from the larvae, and in this way they transport a lot of different pathogens, virus, bacteria, fungus to the bees," he said.

问答题相传在春秋战国时期，楚人卞和在山中发现一块璞玉，他曾先后两次向两代楚王进献，但他们不识宝物，以为是块石头，并以欺君之罪，砍去了卞和的双脚。等到第三个楚王上台，执著的卞和又将璞玉献上，这回楚王命人剖开石头，一块宝玉出现在楚国君臣面前。卞和洗清了欺君之罪，他所献的宝玉被雕成了象征最高权力的玉璧。后人为了纪念卞和，就叫它和氏璧。这个故事大概算是中国历史上关于玉石最著名的传说了。在这个故事中给人留下深刻印象的，除了卞和的执着精神，还有玉石的非凡价值。 在中国原始社会的新石器时代，玉是通灵的神器。用玉雕琢出来的神器共有六种。

问答题The arsenal of antibiotics strong enough to squelch nasty bacteria is rapidly dwindling worldwide, which makes worried infectious-disease doctors more intent than ever that the drugs be deployed only when strictly needed. These specialists know that every antibiotic carries its own risks, and that the more frequently and broadly a drug is used, the more likely it is that harmful microbes will develop tricks to sidestep it. But a team of researchers in the Netherlands, where a more selective use of antibiotics has led to much lower levels of resistant bacteria than are circulating in the United States, thinks the medical finger-waggers have not gone far enough. "As doctors, we"ve paid a lot of attention to questions of which antibiotics we should use to treat what sorts of infections, but have focused much less on how long that treatment should last," said Dr. Jan Prins of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam. In a small but provocative study published in the June 10 issue of the British medical journal BMJ, Dr. Prins and colleagues from nine hospitals suggested that even some cases of pneumonia—a potentially life-threatening disease—could be treated with a three-day course of antibiotics, rather than the conventional 7-to 10-day treatment. The Dutch study analyzed the cure rates of 186 adults who had been hospitalized with mild to moderately severe pneumonia. All received three days of intravenous amoxicillin to start. After that, the 119 who were showing substantial improvement were randomly divided into two groups; about half continued with another five-day course of oral amoxicillin, and the others got look-alike sugar pills. Neither the patients nor the doctors knew who was getting which treatment until the end of their participation in the study. By the end of treatment, roughly 89 percent of the patients in each group were cured of their lung infections without further intervention. In a commentary accompanying the study, Dr. John Paul, a microbiologist at Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, England, writes that, at least for a subset of patients with uncomplicated, community-acquired pneumonia, the finding "suggests that current guidelines recommending 7-10 days should be revised." As lead investigator of the Dutch study, Dr. Prins was not ready to go quite that far. He cited the study"s small size and the seriousness of the illness as a reason to wait until the finding is independently replicated before advising a wholesale change in practice.

问答题Workforce is defined as the total number of people who are available to work and earn incomes. The definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed. Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from natural increase, i. e. , the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as the total population increases, the proportion in the workforce declines. Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce, there are not enough young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate. The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group, If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finances must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts are relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.

问答题今天，Alma-Ata宣言的目标比起25年前反而离实现更为遥远了。深刻的经济不平等和社会不公正继续拒绝给许多人提供良好的健康，继续扮演全球持续性健康受益的障碍。全世界的国家间及国家内部在健康成就的步伐上和等级上仍有巨大的差异。一个可能的解释是开始于20世纪80年代作为世界银行结构性调整计划一部分的健康部门的改革还没有显示出改进不平等的结果；在某些情况下，它们反而让这些不平等更为严重了。 现在我们面临健康研究中的四大挑战：道德价值、公平和美德、可持续的健康研究体系、良好的研究环境及知识的产生和应用。为了应对挑战，保健体系和健康研究体系两者应向一个学习的和解决问题的模式推进，把创新包括进运作之中，更好地掌握未来发展的机遇。没有效果明显的锦囊妙计，没有简单的解决方法，只是有许多事情要去学习。

问答题与你的个人外表和自我态度一样，你做生意的方式也可以使客户产生良好的印象。当拜访客户时，很重要的一点是谈话开门见山。他并不会真的对你所谈论的天气状况，前一天晚上的总统演说，或是星期天的橄榄球赛感兴趣。他也不会对你夸奖他的西装好看，和墙上的照片中他女儿的美丽感兴趣。这样的闲聊是一种不真诚的表现形式，而且侵占了他的时间。我一直认为直截了当是最有效的，因此我向你保证任何一个商人都会因为你能这样做而对你尊重有加 正如外表决定了人的第一印象，外表也同样决定了一种产品，一个地方及一个公司的第一印象。 比方说，你也许注意到了生意兴隆饭店的泊车服务生会把劳斯莱斯、奔驰一凯迪拉克等汽车停在最显眼的位置，这样你在走向饭店门口的时候一定会看到它们。我过去以为这么做是因为有钱人给了更多小费，但真实的原因是每个成功的饭店经营者都懂得良好的形象能推销食品。他想告诉公众：我们招待的是懂格调的客人。因此，很明显，我们的食物一定是精心烹饪的。 一个干净整洁的外表也表示你讲效率有条理—我所知道的公司无不希望拥有这样的形象。如果你曾经走进过汽车维修站一间干净而整齐的车库，我确信你会和别人一样，认为把车留在那里维修感觉更舒服一些。

问答题Mangoes in Africa, as elsewhere, often fall prey to fruit flies, which destroy about 40% of the continent"s crop. In fact, fruit flies are so common in African mangoes that America has banned their import altogether to protect its own orchards. African farmers, meanwhile, have few practical means to defend their fruit. Chemical pesticides are expensive. And even for those who can afford them they are not that effective since, by the time a farmer spots an infestation, it is too late to spray. Agricultural scientists have also looked at controlling fruit flies with parasitic wasps. But the most common ones kill off only about one fly in 20, leaving plenty of survivors to go on the rampage. Lethal traps baited with fly-attracting pheromones are another option. But they, too, are expensive. Instead, most farmers simply harvest their fruit early, when it is not yet fully ripe. This makes it less vulnerable to the flies, but also less valuable. Farmers whose trees are teeming with worker ants, however, do not need to bother with any of this. In a survey of several orchards in Benin, Dr van Mele and his colleagues found an average of less than one fruit-fly pupa in each batch of 30 mangoes from trees where worker ants were abundant, but an average of 77 pupae in batches from trees without worker ants. The worker ants, it turns out, are very thorough about hunting down and eating fruit flies, as well as a host of other pests. Worker ants have been used for pest control in China and other Asian countries for centuries. The practice has also been adopted in Australia. But Dr van Mele argues that it is particularly suited to Africa since worker ants are endemic to the mango-growing regions of the continent, and little training or capital is needed to put them to work. All you need do is locate a suitable nest and run string from it to the trees you wish to protect. The ants will then quickly find their way to the target. Teaching a group of farmers in Burkina Faso to use worker ants in this way took just a day, according to Dr van Mele. Those farmers no longer use pesticides to control fruit flies, and so are able to market their mangoes as organic to eager European consumers, vastly increasing their income. The ants, so to speak, are on the march.

问答题四川从今年开始将新建三个大熊猫自然保护区，使全省的大熊猫自然保护区达到40个，以确保50%左右的大熊猫栖息地和60%左右的野生大熊猫个体分布在保护区内。 目前，四川省共有37个大熊猫自然保护区，占地200多万公顷，其中国家级大熊猫自然保护区11个。据第三次全国大熊猫普查，四川省野外的大熊猫数量为1206只，约占全国的76%。全省大熊猫栖息地面积达到177万公顷，占全国的77%。 20世纪50年代，中国就创立了第一个以保护大熊猫为目的的自然保护区。1992年中国政府启动了一个旨在全面彻底保护大熊猫栖息地的“中国保护大熊猫及其栖息地工程”，1998年开展了天然林保护、退耕还林等生态工程建设，这些工程开展以后，大熊猫生存繁衍状况明显好转。 大熊猫是世界上最珍贵的濒危动物之一，被称为活化石。目前，野生大熊猫仅存1590只左右，主要分布在四川和陕西。

问答题发展的目的是为了民生。中国13亿人是世界上最大的消费市场，也是需求的“富矿”。随着民生的改善，内需对经济增长的拉动作用将不断增强。我们需要随着经济发展，同步提高人民的收入，而就业是收入的来源，是民生之本，我们将实行更加积极的就业创业政策，加大对高校毕业生、失业人员就业创业的财税金融扶持和服务力度。我们已把享受减半征收企业所得税政策小微企业范围的上限，由年应纳税所得额6万元较大幅度提高到10万元，并且还将对个体经营和企业吸纳就业进一步实行减免部分税收的政策，通过扩大就业创业来推动居民收入持续提高。我们将推动完善社会保障制度，健全公共服务体系，消除群众后顾之忧。采取鼓励居民消费的综合政策，提高居民消费能力，扩大商品和服务消费，降低流通成本，更好发挥消费对经济发展的支撑作用。

问答题Eurasians: The New Face of Asia Fusion is in, not only as an abstract fashion concept, but in that most grounded of realities: mixed-blood people who walk, talk, and produce even more multiracial progeny. Most strange of all, these hybrids are finding themselves hailed as role models for vast masses in Asia with no mixed blood at all. "When I think of Asia, I don't necessarily think of people who look like me," says Declan Wong, a Chinese-Dutch-American actor and producer, "But somehow we've become the face that sells the new Asia." So maybe Asia's Eurasian craze is driven by the theories of that whitest of white men, economist Adam Smith. As the world gets smaller, we look for a global marketing mien, a one-size-fits-all face that helps us sell Nokia cell phones and Palmolive shampoo across the world. "For any business, you can't think locally anymore," says Paul Lau, general manager at Elite Model Management in Hong Kong, who has built up a stable of Eurasians for his internationally minded clients. "At the very least, you need to think regionally. Ideally, you should think globally." A global image helps sell products, even if no one but Filipinos would ever want to buy duck-fetus eggs or Thais the most pungent variety of shrimp paste. Yanto Zainal, president of Macsg09, a boutique ad agency in Jakarta, used all indos for a campaign for the local Matahari department store chain. "The store wanted to promote a more cosmopolitan image," he says. "Indos have an international look can still be accepted as Indonesian." Channel V, the Asia-wide music television channel, was one of the first to broadcast the message of homogenized hybridism. "We needed a messenger that would fit in from Tokyo to the Middle East." Says Jonnifer Seeto, regional sales marketing manager for the channel, which began beaming its border-busting images in 1994. Star Veejay Asha Gill personifies the global look. When asked what her ethnic heritage is, Gill, a Malaysian citizen, simply shrugs. "Oh, who knows," she says. "I'm half Punjabi, mixed with some English, a little French and dribs and drabs of God knows what else." The 29-year-old speaks crisp British English, fluent Malay, and a smidgen of Punjabi. She grew up in a Kuala Lumpur neighborhood that was mostly Chinese, attended an English-speaking school and was pals with Malay and Indian kids. Gill's Channel V show, broadcast in English, has a strong following in Malaysia, Japan and the United Arab Emirates. "I'm Hitler's worst nightmare," she says. "My ethnicity and profession make me a global person who can't be defined in just one category."