问答题1986年全国人大常委会副委员长班禅喇嘛在西康地区大法会上教诲信徒们，要爱惜民族团结，维护祖国统一。 在中国，公民的信仰自由受到法律保护。目前全西藏在寺僧尼约有14,000多人，另有800位宗教界人士在各级人大、政协、佛教协会和政府部门中工作。 据不完全统计，从1978年以来，中央和地方政府共投资2,000多万元人民币，在西藏修复了200多座寺庙和700多所佛堂，使藏族同胞的正常宗教活动得到保证。 藏族是一个历史悠久，文化发达的民族。作为一个全民信教的民族，藏族的文化又总是与宗教保持着千丝万缕的联系。宗教活动中有艺术形式，艺术活动中有宗教因素，两者谁也离不开谁。参考译文及综合解析

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} 下面你将听到一段有关中美贸易关系的讲话。 在冷战结束后的新形势下，两国要不要及如何发展双边关系，是中美两国面临的重大课题。“永久正常贸易关系”的通过表明，在美国，支持发展中美关系的力量占了上风，美国政府、国会、工商企业界和公众的主流都支持以建设性的态度与中国打交道。 其次，中美关系的内涵得到了丰富。经贸关系是两国总体关系的组成部分，中美互为重要贸易伙伴，美国还是中国的主要外资来源国，没有稳定、良好的经贸合作关系，政治关系就会空心化，就会缺乏前进的动力，失去公众的参与热情。良好的经贸合作关系可以对两国政治关系产生促进作用，特别是在政治关系出现波动时可发挥减震作用。 第三，增进了两国的互信和合作气氛。美国儿乎给予世界上所有国家正常贸易关系的待遇，惟独将中国这样一个大国排除在外。这本身就是一种歧视，一种不信任。不解决这个问题，中国人民就无法理解中美关系的必要性，就会怀疑美国的合作诚意。没有人民的支持和参与，国家关系就难以发展。同时，建立正常贸易关系后，随着商品和人员往来的增加，投资和管理经验的引进，两国间的了解无疑会加深，误解也会减少。 第四，向中国在亚太地区的邻国发出积极的信号。中国是亚太大国，美国也自称是亚太国家，在地区有重要的影响力。中美友好，则亚太国家获益；中美敌对，则亚太国家遭殃。中美建立正常贸易关系，就是向亚太国家表明，两个大国愿意友好相处，有通过谈判解决分歧的意愿和能力。这对维护地区稳定，促进经济繁荣将产生长远影响。

问答题{{B}} 第三篇 {{/B}} 作为一名运动员、教练员和体育管理者，尤其是作为奥运会的技术官员，我最大的体会是：在奥运会中，没有什么比运动员的利益更重要了。我们整个奥运计划的制定是以运动员需要为中心的。//在做任何决定时，我们都要问一问自己，什么对奥运会和残奥会运动员最有利。在国际单项体育组织的建议和指导下，并在我们运动员的参与下，我现在可以自豪而谦逊地说我们已经有效地回答了这个问题。// 我们为2008年奥运会28个体育项目提供的所有场馆均符合国际单项体育组织所批准的构思。北京的32个比赛场馆均位于交通干线附近，分为四个主要的赛区，奥林匹克公园、西部社区、大学区和北部风景区。53%的场馆到奥运村的行车时间在10分钟之内，所有32个场馆均可在30分钟内到达，以保证给运动员以最大的方便。// 京外的5个场馆，帆船比赛和足球预赛场地与北京的航空和公路交通也十分方便，从这些比赛场地到其所属奥运分村的车程在5分钟之内。所有的这些设施的建设均将按照国际单项体育联合会最新技术和意见进行，在2006年前完成供测试赛之用。在那时，北京将拥有具有时代特征、技术先进的体育设施网络。// 我们计划的点睛之笔是占地1,215公顷，临近市中心的北京奥林匹克公园。奥林匹克公园将成为2008年奥运会世人瞩目的焦点。它体现了奥林匹克运动的三大方面：体育、文化和环境。56%的运动员将在奥林匹克公园内参加比赛。// 奥运村将由永久性的低层公寓构成，运动员的人均居住面积为22平方米，这个数字比以往任何奥运会所提供的都要大。每两个运动员共用一个洗手间。每一个单元都配有空调、电视、电话和电脑联网，因此所有的运动员都可以在房间和远在家乡的亲人分享他们的经历。奥运村还将作为残奥村使用//。 奥运村还将提供多元文化设施，以满足所有奥运会和残奥会运动员的不同文化、宗教和饮食需求。奥运会和残奥会的所有代表团，无论其规模大小都将享受一致的关怀、服务和支持——讲他们本国语言的联络员还将随时为他们服务。// 在过去十年，中国举办了50余次世界、洲际锦标赛和综合比赛，包括第十一届亚运会、第一届东亚运动会，以及第六届远东及南太平洋残疾人运动会。下个月，北京将举办第二十一届世界大学生运动会。通过主办这些赛事，我们在计划和组织大型赛事的各方面获得了宝贵的经验。我们欢迎历届奥运会的专家共同工作，以学习他们的成功经验。// 在未来七年，我们将真挚地寻求在座各位的指导，与国际奥委会、国际单项体育组织、各个国家奥委会和国际残奥委会建立紧密的伙伴关系，以确保在2008年的新北京举办伟大的奥运会。// (节选自中国代表团成员楼大鹏2001年7月13日在国际奥委会上的申奥陈述)

问答题Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Jiang Yu's Regular Press Conference on January 22, 2009 On January 22, 2009, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Jiang Yu held a regular press conference and answered questions on China-US relations, China-France relations, the situation in the Middle East and etc. Jiang Yu: Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. I don't have any announcement to start with today. Now the floor is open. Q: Wang Jiarui, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (IDCPC), left for a visit to the DPRK yesterday. Can you brief us on his itineraries of today and tomorrow? Is he going to meet with Kim Jong-II? A: At the invitation of the International Department of the Central Committee of the DPRK Worker's Party, the IDCPC delegation headed by Minister Wang Jiarui is paying a friendly visit to the DPRK. I am not aware of Minister Wang's itineraries in the DPRK. I would suggest you ask competent authorities for relevant information, which I believe will be released in due time. The parties of China and the DPRK have a tradition of exchanging visits. This visit is also normal communication between the two parties. Q: Media reports say representatives from China, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, Germany and the United States are to meet in Berlin next month to discuss the Iranian nuclear issue. Could you confirm this and provide us some details, such as when the meeting is and what will be discussed? A: I have not received information on the meeting. The Chinese Government's position on the Iranian nuclear issue is consistent. We stand for a proper settlement of the issue through dialogue and negotiation to maintain peace and stability in the Middle East, which echoes with the common interests of the international community. China hopes under the current situation, relevant parties will intensify diplomatic efforts, maintain the process of dialogue and negotiation, and display necessary flexibility to seek long-term, comprehensive and proper settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue. Q: Israel announced it had withdrawn all its troops from Gaza yesterday. How do you comment on the current situation between Palestine and Israel? A: Israel's withdrawal of troops from Gaza will help to further ease tension. We hope relevant parties can continue their efforts to maintain the cease-fire, fully implement UN Security Council Resolution 1860, and help to restore stability and reconstruction in the Gaza strip. Q: Two questions. Firstly, how does China respond to Obama's inauguration speech, especially communism he mentioned? Secondly, the Obama administration is going to close the Guantanamo prison. If the U.S. refuses to repatriate the detainees of Chinese nationality to China, will it affect China's relations with the new U.S. administration? A: On your first question, we always believe that all countries should handle state-to-state relations on the basis of mutual respect on an equal footing, follow universally-recognized principles of international relations, and make joint efforts to foster democratization of international relations and build a harmonious world featuring lasting peace and common prosperity. We are happy to see the U.S. strengthening its relations with other countries. We also hope that the foreign policy of the Obama Administration will help to promote peace, stability and development in the world. On your second question, we hope relevant parties can handle properly relevant issues in light of the international law. On the terrorist suspects of Chinese nationality, we have reiterated China's stance time and again. They are members of the terrorist group, "the East Turkistan Islamic Movement", which is on the sanction list of the UN Security Council Committee established pursuant to Resolution 1267. They must be handed over to China and brought to justice. We oppose any countries accepting these people, who should be repatriated to China as soon as possible. Q: I have a very specific question regarding U.S. President Barack Obama. He has talked about the need to improve human rights and civil liberties around the world, and in light of the fact that China has been criticized for its record on human fights. What is your response to his message? A: President Obama was not referring to any specific country in his inaugural address, and I will not respond to his specific remarks. But I can tell you in principle that respecting and safeguarding human fights, which is already written into our Constitution, is the unswerving and consistent goal of the Chinese Government. In the past decades, China has achieved rapid social and economic development, and made progress in democratic and legal systems. The remarkable achievements of China's cause of human rights have been witnessed by the international community. But since China is still in the primary stage of socialism, there is still much room for improvement. In fact, no country is perfect on human rights. Further efforts are needed to constantly improve human rights conditions. It is also normal that countries differ on human rights issues. We always advocate that mutual understanding, dialogue and cooperation should be strengthened on the basis of equality and mutual respect so that joint efforts can be made to promote the international cause of human fights. The Chinese Government has always adopted a positive attitude on the international cooperation in the field of human rights. China has joined 25 international conventions on human rights, conducted human rights dialogue and exchanges with nearly 20 countries and regions, and hosted international human rights forums many times. The Chinese Government has had sound cooperation with the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, with human rights special mechanisms, and received many visits by the Special Rapporteur on the Question of Torture, the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief and the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Education. On the issue of human rights, the efforts of the Chinese Government and its goals are very clear. Q: Will China hold activities to commemorate the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France? A: Just as you mentioned, this year marks the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France. 45 years ago, Chairman Mao Zedong and General de Gaulle jointly made the strategic decision of great vision. History has proved that their decision not only opened a new chapter in China-France relations, but also influenced the development of the world pattern. A stable and healthy China-France relationship is not only in the fundamental interests of the two countries and peoples, but also conducive to peace, stability and development of the world. In order to commemorate the establishment of bilateral relations initiated by the old generation of leaders from both countries, China wilt hold some activities on the occasion of the 45th anniversary, including a photo exhibition, workshop, reception, etc. The current setback in China-France relations is not caused by China. Nor does China would like to see this happen. It is up to the doer to undo what he has done. We hope France can pay great attention to and fully respect China's core interest and concerns, take concrete actions to eliminate negative impact, and make active efforts to bring bilateral relations back to the track of healthy development. If there are no more questions, I have an announcement. Due to Spring Festival holidays, the press conferences originally scheduled for January 27th and 29th are cancelled. The first press conference after the holidays will be held on February 3rd, Tuesday. During the break, the spokesperson's office will take phone inquiries as usual. Here I wish you a happy Spring Festival. See you.

问答题1. passage1 What we need is a "Culture of Tolerance", a way to reconcile the need for identity with an open and outward-looking spirit. Tolerance does not mean indifference towards those we see as "others" than ourselves, towards their culture and religion, background or origin. Tolerance requires that we have some knowledge arid understanding of these others. When familiar structures disappear, borders become irrelevant and the language of the market invades every aspect of dally life, people increasingly look to their cultural roots. They seek to reassert their identity-in terms of language, ethnic origin, religion or cultural heritage. To want to know who and what you are is a natural and very powerful human need. It is a need, I believe, responsible leaders should respond to, got suppress, because only the right kind of response will prevent people from turning to the false and dangerous supporter of nationalism, fundamentalism or xenophobia. However—and this is crucial— responsible leaders must resist the temptation to exploit this need for their own purposes. The frightening scenario of escalating cultural conflict in a world of soon seven billion people should be a strong incentive for all of us to look for practical ways to foster cooperation. We are required to provide honest answers to tough questions which I do not want to suppress. What are different religious groups ready to contribute to this joint effort? Is there a readiness to seriously discuss the tensions and contradictions that arise from a strict interpretation of different religions on the one hand and fundamental human rights as we understand them on the other? Can we reach a consensus on the rights of women, on their full participation in society, on their equal right to education and training? Is there a broad consensus to unambiguously condemn any religious justification of suicide attacks? Can we work together to find a peaceful and just agreement on the question of Jerusalem, thereby resolving one of the most difficult issues of the Middle East conflict? An agreement which will provide a peaceful solution that satisfies all the faithful, one that is worthy of the three great religions? Those are questions we cannot evade if we are serious about preventing cultural and political faultiness. We must engage in a dialogue among civilizations, a commitment to the peaceful resolution of differences, to tolerance and mutual respect. That is a challenge that requires a clear understanding, however, of our own fundamental values, values we must defend but also live up to. Our world will always be defined by the diversity of our societies and cultural traditions. If there is respect and tolerance for our differences, they will enrich all our lives. But if such differences are exploited for political ends, they may cause untold harm. What is the real meaning of tolerance and dialogue in this whole process? This dialogue can only succeed, if Orient and Occident engage in it on equal terms. Tolerance, then, means respecting the fact that civilizations are different. Dialogue, as I see it, means seeking a common understanding of those values that will guide us through the twenty-first century. This kind of "intercultural dialogue" is a very ambitious goal. To achieve it, we must all begin work at home, within our own societies. We for our part are striving to develop and practice the kind of tolerance I have described. That needs time and in some cases requires difficult judgments. Once we have reached a clear and solid consensus on those values we hold in common, it is up to political leaders to endorse these rights. They must defend this spirit of openness in society, defend it against the modem fundamentalisms that seek to impose their own absolute truths. For me, this also means people must be free to practice their religion. The way minorities are treated is the true test of the "culture of tolerance" for which I am calling. True tolerance is an expression of self-confidence, not weakness. It is only when we succeed with this dialogue within our societies, that we can really reap the fruits of a dialogue between our societies. This dialogue is a serious effort to resolve social and political differences, an effort that includes mutual respect for each other's way of life but excludes any resort to violence. Let us make a real effort to 'move away from "a culture of lecturing each other" to "a culture of learning from each other". That is what we must work for, each one of us beginning in our own country yet also all together.

问答题尊敬的穆罕默德·胡斯尼·穆巴拉克总统阁下，尊敬的各位国家元首和政府首脑阁下，尊敬的非洲联盟委员会主席让·平阁下，各位代表团团长、部长和大使阁下，女士们、先生们： 来到美丽的海滨城市沙姆沙伊赫，与出席中非合作论坛第四届部长级会议的各位朋友畅叙友情、共商合作，我感到非常高兴。作为本次会议共同主席国的总理，我谨代表中国政府，对各位与会嘉宾表示热烈欢迎，对埃及政府为本次会议所做的精心准备和周到安排表示衷心感谢! 中非合作论坛创立九年来，一直发挥着引领和推动中非关系发展的重要作用，日益成为中非加深友谊的桥梁、加强合作的平台。特别是论坛北京峰会召开三年来，中非致力于共建政治上平等互信、经济上合作共赢、文化上交流互鉴的新型战略伙伴关系，开创了中非合作的新局面。 ——政治互信不断增强。双方高层往来更加频繁、外交磋商与战略对话日趋密切，非洲国家在涉及中国核心利益问题上更加坚定地支持中方，中非在重大国际和地区事务中相互协调配合，维护和扩大了广大发展中国家的共同利益。 ——经贸合作日益深化。2008年中非贸易突破千亿美元，同中国有贸易往来的非洲国家增加到53个；中国在非洲开工建设6个经贸合作区，中国企业到非洲国家落户增加到近1600家，直接投资存量达到78亿美元；工程承包和劳务合作规模不断扩大，金融合作方兴未艾。 ——中国扩大对非援助取得实效。中国在遭受国际金融危机冲击、自身面临不少困难的情况下，信守诺言，全面落实北京峰会的承诺，对非援助规模翻了一番，免除33国168笔债务已近尾声，总计50亿美元的优惠性质贷款近期将全部到位，首期10亿美元的中非发展基金如期启动。这些不仅促进了非洲自我发展能力建设，也为非洲国家应对国际金融危机的冲击发挥了积极作用。 ——人文交流蓬勃开展。文教、卫生、人力资源培训等领域的交流与合作发展迅猛，中国为非洲国家培训各类人员年底以前将达到15000人，青年、妇女、友好省市等领域的交往日趋频繁，进一步加深了相互理解和传统友谊。

问答题中加联合声明(2009年12月3日) 一、应温家宝总理邀请，加拿大总理斯蒂芬·哈珀于2009年12月2日至6日对中国进行正式访问，先后访问北京、上海和香港特别行政区。 二、胡锦涛主席、温家宝总理分别与哈珀总理会见、会谈，全国人大常委会吴邦国委员长将会见哈珀总理。双方就中加关系及共同关心的重大国际和地区问题深入、坦诚、富有成果地交换了意见，达成许多共识。访问期间，双方签署了一系列旨在促进气候变化、矿产资源、文化和农业教育等领域双边合作的协议(详见附件)。 三、双方对中加建交39年来双边关系的发展给予积极评价，认为中加同为亚太地区有重要影响的国家，拥有广泛共同利益和广阔合作前景。以诺尔曼·白求恩大夫等人物以及加拿大拥有130万华裔公民的事实为象征的中加友好关系源远流长。在相互尊重和平等互利基础上发展长期稳定的合作关系，符合中加两国和两国人民的根本利益。在中加关系进入新时期之际，双方同意共同努力，进一步促进在双边和国际事务各领域中的合作。 四、双方一致认为，包括领导人在内的经常性交往对推动中加关系发展十分重要。双方同意加强战略工作组这一于2005年建立的旨在促进定期、高级别交流的双边机制的作用。双方副部长级官员将于2010年尽早举行该工作组会议，讨论促进该机制及包括贸易与投资、能源和环境、卫生以及治理在内的可能的重点议题。双方还同意充分发挥业已建立的四十多个双边磋商机制的作用，加强各领域对话与沟通。 五、双方致力于保持中加关系稳定积极向前发展的势头，重申尊重彼此主权和领土完整、核心利益和重大关切这一根本原则，任何一方均不支持任何势力破坏以上原则的任何行动。中方强调，台湾问题事关中国主权和领土完整。加方重申建交时确立的长期一贯的一个中国政策，强调支持台湾海峡两岸关系和平发展，包括两岸加强经济、政治及其他领域对话与互动的努力。 六、双方承认各国及各国人民有权选择自己的道路，各国应该尊重彼此对发展模式的选择。双方承认不同的历史和国情会使彼此在人权等问题上产生一些不同看法。双方同意在平等和相互尊重的基础上就人权问题加强对话与交流，按照国际人权文书促进和保护人权。 七、双方一致认为，中国和加拿大经贸互补性很强。双方应加强务实合作，扩大两国贸易与投资。双方重申保持开放的投资与贸易政策，反对任何形式的保护主义，减少投资壁垒并鼓励两国企业合作。加拿大欢迎中国赴加投资。中国欢迎加拿大来华投资。双方承诺加快《中加投资保护协定》谈判，为增强投资者信心提供可预测及稳定的法律框架，以造福中加两国。双方同意有必要在现有水平上促进双边贸易进一步增加，扩大在能源资源、基础设施、电讯交通、先进技术、旅游、农业、金融服务等各领域的货物和服务贸易。双方同意加强双边科技关系。中加双方还同意加强清洁能源合作。哈珀总理宣布为亚太清洁发展和气候伙伴关系提供第二批资助。 八、两国领导人一致认为，促进教育、文化、商业及人民之间联系、增进两国人民相互了解将有利于中加关系的长远发展。双方同意以建交四十周年为契机，扩大两国各界交往。中加双方欢迎旨在增进两国人民交往的两个新的渠道，即中国在蒙特利尔设立总领事馆，以及中方在访问期间宣布加拿大为中国公民出境旅游目的地，以进一步促进中加之间游客、学生及商务人士的往来。 九、近年来，中加通过2008年建立的双边刮法执法合作定期磋商机制以及警务合作等渠道，不断扩大双边司法执法合作。双方重申愿根据各自国家法律在打击跨国犯罪和遣返逃犯方面加强合作。双方还同意早日签署《打击犯罪合作谅解备忘录》，并同意就签署分享犯罪所得协定进行淡判。双方表示愿就上述及其他双方将在今后考虑的相关问题保持沟通，以进一步扩大在该领域的合作。 十、双方就当前世界经济金融形势深入交换了看法，认为世界经济出现企稳回升的积极迹象，但这一复苏仍旧脆弱。双方同意加强宏观经济金融政策对话亏协调，不断增强二十国集团在全球经济治理中的作用，支持二十国集团强劲、可持续和平衡增长框架。双方还同意继续进行必要的金融管理改革，抵制保护主义，为国际金融体系改革作出贡献。中方欢迎加拿大2010年6月主办二十国集团峰会。双方表示愿与其他各方一道努力，推动峰会取得积极成果。双方同意有必要与其他伙伴共同推动世界贸易组织多哈回合谈判取得成功。 十一、加方欢迎中国通过主持六方会谈进程对地区和平与安全作出的贡献，并希望这一旨在实现朝鲜半岛无核化的机制能够很快得以恢复。双方注意到彼此在阿富汗问题上发挥的积极作用，希望看到阿富汗实现和平、稳定和发展，并愿为此继续作出努力。双方一致认为，中加在促进地区和世界和平、安全及可持续发展方面拥有重要的共同利益。为推动实现上述目标，两国领导人同意加强在联合国、亚太经合组织和其他多边机构及在核安全、核不扩散和裁军、粮食安全、全球卫生威胁、气候变化及其他重大国际和地区问题上的协调和合作。 十二、双方讨论了当前迫切的全球卫生问题以及加强多、双边合作应对甲型H1N1流感等快速扩散的新发及再发疾病问题。双方还同意继续就医疗改革、食品安全和公共卫生等两国重要的卫生问题进行合作。双方应继续重点加强在卫生领域的务实合作。 十三、双方认为气候变化问题是人类面临的共同挑战，国际合作应对这一挑战至关重要。各方应在已取得的进展基础上，共同推动哥本哈根大会达成符合《联合国气候变化框架公约》确立的原则，特别是共同但有区别的责任原则以及各自能力和“巴厘路线图”的协商一致的结果。双方也同意在气候变化问题上和清洁能源技术领域加强政策对话与双边合作，作为对《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》的补充。 十四、展望新的一年，双方欢迎一个基础深厚、充满活力并不断发展的中加关系。中方注意到奥运会火炬已经传递给加拿大，欢迎即将到来的2010年温哥华冬季奥运会。中方将派出大规模体育代表团参加温哥华冬季奥运会。加方重申支持上海2010年世博会。自2010年5月起，加拿大展馆将为大量的中国公民参观欣赏众多的加拿大艺术、文化及其他公共活动提供机会，同时也借此纪念两国建交四十周年，继续增进中加相互理解和友谊。

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} Ludwig van Beethoven was an unhappy genius. He had deep feelings that he could not express in words. He found the way to express these feelings in music, and this led to a new kind of music that is expressive. Beethoven was born in the German city of Bonn, in 1770. His father was a singer in the Church choir, and he soon saw that Ludwig had musical ability. The father thought that Ludwig might be another wonder-child, like Mozart, and that he would make the family's name and fortune. He forced the little boy to practice long hours on the violin. Mozart's father had been kind, but Beethoven's father was impatient and often rough with him. Also, Beethoven's father was not reliable in earning a living for his family. As young Ludwig grew up he had to take a great deal of responsibility. When he was 15, and was working in the Church as assistance organist, Ludwig was practically supporting the family. But he had kind teachers and some good friends, and he was lucky enough to get a position playing the viola in the opera orchestra in Bonn. There he became familiar with the operas of Mozart and other composers, and he learned a great deal about the instruments of the orchestra and how they played together. This was to be valuable to him later in his own composing. When he decided to go to Vienna to study, the Archbishop at Bonn paid for his journey and other friends gave him letters to noblemen in Vienna. Beethoven was a very fine pianist, besides being able to play the violin and other stringed instruments. The Viennese music-lovers quickly adopted him as a favorite concert performer. But they criticized every new work of Beethoven's because it was too different. The Viennese soon realized that they had an extraordinary genius living among them, and they made every effort to keep him. When Beethoven had an offer to go to another city as an orchestra conductor, three noblemen of Vienna banded together to pay him a regular income every year if he would stay with them, He stayed, and went on composing his big, powerful symphonies, concertos, piano sonatas and many other works. But except for his music, Beethoven was not a happy man. Before he was 30, he began to grow deaf. This was a terrible misfortune for a musician. His deafness came slowly and he was able to continue playing concerts until he was 44. But 10 years later, when his great Ninth Symphony was performed for the first time, he could not hear at all. He was sitting on the stage at the performance, watching the conductor, and he had his back to the audience. One of the singers turned him around so that he could see the audience enthusiastically applauding this tremendous symphony. Beethoven was a lonely man. Although he had fallen in love several times, he never married. His deafness made him still more lonely, for he would not go out in public at all. But he rose above his loneliness and deafness through his music. Even when he was totally deaf, he went on creating music that he could not hear except in his mind, expressing all the feelings he could not express to anyone in words.

问答题As we meet here in New York, women are cooking dinner for their families in homes and villages around the world. As many as 3 billion people are gathering around open fires or old and inefficient stoves in small kitchens and poorly ventilated houses. Many of the women have labored over these hearths for hours, often with their infant babies strapped to their backs, and they have spent many more hours gathering the fuel. The food they prepare is different on every continent, but the air they breathe is shockingly similar: a toxic mix of chemicals released by burning wood or other solid fuel that can reach 200 times the amount that our EPA considers safe for breathing.

问答题当今是法行天下的时代。国运之兴盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不开法律之维系和法律之保障。中国也不例外。 一个国家采取什么样的治国方略，关系着国家的前途和命运。 20世纪末，拥有十二亿人口的中国向全世界宣示了它的治国方略——依法治国，并在此道路上迈出了坚实的步伐：一个适应社会主义市场经济的法律体系正在发育成熟；一个转变政府职能、严格依法行政的变革正在有序进行；一场围绕公正与效率的司法体制改革正在不断深化；一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。 诸位知道，实现经济发展，宪法是最重要最根本的法律保障。新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地位；计划经济成了主要的经济体制模式，企业自身没有经营的自主权；按劳分配成了主要的分配模式，公民没有按劳分配收入外的其他收入。在这种经济制度下，中国的经济发展非常缓慢。 1978年，中国开始实行改革开放。1988年，中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位；1993年，中国对现行宪法又进行了修正，明确国家实行社会主义市场经济。宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。

问答题1.Passage 2 My wife Nane and I are both extremely happy to be with you today. I feel truly proud to belong to this extraordinary class of 2004, and I am pleased to see that so many parents and family members were here today. The day belongs to them, too. Without their constant support, understanding and sacrifice, none of us could have achieved what we have. For me, to receive a degree from Harvard is a very great honor indeed. There are few countries in the world whose leaders in public life, business, science and the humanities have not had some association with Harvard—and no country that has not benefited from Harvard's outstanding contributions to human knowledge. // You have invited me, I know, not as an individual, but as Secretary-General of the United Nations. You are saying that the United Nations matters, and that you want to hear what we have to say. Are you fight in believing that the UN matters? I think you are, because the UN offers the best hope of a stable world and a broadly equitable world order, based on generally accepted rules. That statement has been much questioned in the past year. But recent events have reaffirmed, and even strengthened, its validity. A rule-based system is in the interest of all countries—especially today. Globalization has shrunk the world. The very openness, which is such an important feature of today's most successful societies, makes deadly weapons relatively easy to obtain, and terrorists relatively difficult to restrain. // Today, the strong feel almost as vulnerable to the weak as the weak feel vulnerable to the strong. So it is in the interest of every country to have international rules and to abide by them. And such a system can only work if, in devising and applying the rules, the legitimate interests of all countries are accommodated, and decisions are reached collectively. That is the essence of multilateralism, and the founding principle of the United Nations. All great American leaders have understood this. That is one of the things that make this country such a unique world power. America feels the need to frame its policies, and exercise its leadership, not just in the light of its own particular interests, but also with an eye to international interests, and universal principles. // Among the finest examples of this was the plan for reconstructing Europe after World War Ⅱ, which General Marshall announced here at Harvard in 1947. That was one part of a larger-scale and truly statesmanlike effort, in which Americans joined with others to build a new international system—a system which worked, by and large, and which survives, in its essentials, nearly 60 years later. During those 60 years, the United States and its partners developed the United Nations, built an open world economy, promoted human rights and decolonization, and supported the transformation of Europe into a democratic, cooperative community of states, such that war between them has become unthinkable. //

问答题{{B}} Passage 1{{/B}} To me, the most interesting and immediate question is not whether the United States will ratify the Kyoto Protocol, but whether other parties are prepared to work toward that goal. The next few months will determine whether other patties choose an agreement on their terms without the United States, or whether they prefer an agreement that may require some compromise of ideological positions, but will in fact be effective and will include the United States. // I believe the EU and others, for a number of reasons, will conclude that its interests and those of the environment lie in crafting an agreement that the United States can support. The United States accounts for approximately 25% of global industrial emissions. Any agreement that excludes the United States will not control global warming. In addition, European businesses may wonder why they are asked to assume significant new climate change obligations if U.S. competitors are not going to be subject to roughly the same rules. // I might note two additional factors relevant here: first, the idea of emissions trading is growing in popularity in capitals on the continent, and also in London and Brussels. Second, economists are warning that few countries, with the notable exception of the United Kingdom, are on track to meet their Kyoto commitments. I am hopeful that these forces will allow governments at COP-6 to mold the Protocol into a sensible, practical shape, one which the United States can support. // Let me say a word more about developing country's participation because this is an area where the United States is frequently misunderstood. The undeniable fact is that climate change is a global problem that requires a global solution. To be sure, industrialization in the North contributed enormously to increased greenhouse gas concentrations. Developed countries, including the Untied States, must take significant steps immediately. // Acting alone, however, developed countries cannot stabilize global greenhouse gas concentrations. From a scientific standpoint, meaningful participation by key developing countries is a necessity. Several large developing countries will soon become the world's leading emitters. Developing countries already produce 44% of global fossil fuel emissions. In addition, developing countries are responsible for a disproportionate share of deforestation and other land-use practices that have raised carbon concentrations. // Per capita energy intensity ratios in some, not all, developing countries continue to rise briskly, despite the existence of clean technologies that were not invented when developed countries were industrialized. In the immediate future, 80% of new electric power generation projects will occur in developing countries. All of us want those projects to use the latest cutting edge technologies. // I mention these facts not to bicker about past or future responsibility, for that detracts from our common cause of halting global warming, but to highlight the need for all countries to be a part of the solution. // In a very real sense, developing countries have the most to gain from an effective Protocol in which all the industrialized countries participate. For developing countries, unfortunately, have the least capacity to adapt to climate change. The longer we wait, the harder it will be to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations at acceptable levels and the harder these countries will be hit. // The 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change points the way: each nation should take national and international steps commensurate with its capacity to contribute to the global solution based on the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities". // Many developing countries have taken significant unilateral action already. China, for example, has sought to conserve energy and reduce emissions growth while simultaneously raising living standards dramatically. Without price reforms and energy efficiency gains, China's emissions would be more than 50% higher than they are now. // We recognize, moreover, that some developing countries may lack the capacity to assume and implement legally binding emissions targets at this time. For these countries, other types of action would be appropriate at present. All developing countries should explore opportunities under the Clean Development Mechanism, adopt sound national policies on energy and land use, and pursue other climate-friendly measures under the Framework Convention. // The negotiating histories of both the Framework Convention and Kyoto Protocol demonstrate general agreement on the need to mitigate climate change while allowing for continued economic growth. The Untied States believes this formula remains the key to securing developing country action. Developing countries are finding in the Kyoto Protocol avenues to pursue their development and environmental goals simultaneously. There is a growing recognition of the potential of the Clean Development Mechanism to direct advanced technology and major capital flows to the developing world. // (Excerpts from "Under Secretary of State Loy on Kyoto Protocol" made by former Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs Frank E. Loy to American Bar Association Conference)

问答题1.Passage 1Mr. Chairman, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, I should like, first of all, to once again thank the Norwegian Nobel Committee for the award they have made to the United Nations Peace-Keeping Operations. Their decision has been acclaimed all over the world. I take this opportunity also to express once again my deep gratitude to the countries, which have contributed troops or provided logistical support to these operations. It is to their willing cooperation that we owe the success of this great experiment in conflict control. Peace--the word evokes the simplest and most cherished dream of humanity. Peace is, and has always been, the ultimate human aspiration. And yet our history shows that while we speak incessantly of peace, our actions tell a very different story. Peace is an easy word to say in any language. As Secretary-General of the United Nations, I hear it so frequently from so many different mouths and different sources, that it sometimes seems to me to be a general incantation more or less deprived of practical meaning. What do we really mean by peace? Human nature being what it is, peace must inevitably be a relative condition. The essence of life is struggle and competition, and to the extent perfect peace is an almost meaningless abstraction. Struggle and competition are stimulating, but when they degenerate into conflict they are usually both destructive and disruptive. The aim of political institutions like the UN is to draw the line between struggle and conflict and to make it possible for nations to stay on the right side of the line. Peace-keeping operations are one very practical means of doing this. What we are trying to create in the LIN is a world where nations recognize at the same time the ultimate futility of war and the collective responsibility that men and women everywhere share for ensuring a decent future. All human experience seems to show that in international, as in national, affairs, rule of law is an essential objective for any society wishing to survive in reasonable conditions. We now recognize that all humanity--the whole population of this planet--has in many respects become, through the revolutionary force of technological and other changes, a single society. The evolution of international law and international authority may well be decisive in determining whether this global society is going to survive in reasonable conditions. In a larger perspective, we must work towards a time when war will cease to be an acceptable option of national policy or a possible means of settling disputes, and when a reliable international system will take its place. From this perspective, the development of international peacekeeping has an essential place, just as the concept of a civil police was essential to the development of rule of law within nation states. I hope that the attention now being given to peacekeeping, which is symbolized by the award of the Nobel Peace Prize, will not only strengthen our capacity to conduct the affairs of nations but also stimulate a wider effort to consider the new means and the new institutions needed to ensure a better common future. Thank you.

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} 从目前全球经济发展看，一些重要的特点和趋势值得我们高度重视。主要是：科技进步日新月异，前所未有地提高了人们认识和把握宏观世界和微观世界的能力，为人类推动生产力发展和创造美好生活提供了强大支持；国际生产要素优化重组和产业转移加快，各国经济发展更加紧密地联系在一起，为各国实现经济合作共赢提供了有利条件。// 同时，由于历史和现实等方面的原因，世界发展不平衡的问题日益突出，许多发展中国家背负着沉重的债务负担，外部经济环境仍在恶化，南北发展差距进一步拉大；新的贸易壁垒和保护主义不断出现，多边贸易体制的发展面临困难；能源、资源消耗大幅度增长，生态破坏和环境恶化问题严重；包括地区冲突、恐怖主义在内的各种不确定、不稳定因素，威胁着世界和平与发展的进程。// 因此，可以说，人类的发展既面临难得机遇，也面临严峻挑战。在这种情形下，我们的正确选择只能是推进合作共赢，我们的共同目标只能是实现可持续发展。中国从自己的发展实践中深刻认识到：每个国家的发展都是一个持续的过程，今天的发展既是昨天发展的继续，又是明天发展的基础。//

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} 首先，我感谢莱文校长的邀请，使我有机会来到世界著名学府耶鲁大学，同青年明友和老师们相聚在一起。进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学的求学岁月。当年老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史，独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。// 如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。300多年来，耶鲁大学培养出一大批杰出人才，其中包括20位诺贝尔奖获得者、5位美国总统。美国民族英雄内森·黑尔是耶鲁校友，他的名言— “我唯一的憾事，就是没有第二：次生命献给我的祖国”，深深感染了我和许多中国人。// 我衷心祝愿贵校培养出更多英才，为美国经济社会发展、为人类进步事业作出更大贡献!长期以来，中美两国人民一直相互抱有浓厚的兴趣和友好的感情。中国人民欣赏美国人民的开拓进取精神，钦佩美国人民在建设国家中取得的骄人业绩。随着中国的快速发展和中美合作的不断拓展，越来越多的美国人也把目光投向中国，更加关注中国的发展进步。//

问答题携手共建中椭关系的美好明天 ——杨洁篪外长在加中贸易理事会举行的午餐会上的演讲 (2009年6月23日，渥太华) 尊敬的德马雷名誉主席、克鲁伊特主席、哈德会长， 尊敬的克拉克前总理、弗莱厄蒂部长、贝尔德部长， 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 非常高兴出席今天的午餐会。首先，我要感谢加中贸易理事会的热情邀请和周到安排，使我有机会同各位新老朋友见面。长期以来，在座各位为增进中加两国人民相互了解和友谊、推动两国关系改善和发展作出了积极努力。我对此表示衷心感谢。 我首次访问加拿大是在30多年前。当时，我从事外交工作不久，作为一个中方代表团的工作人员访问贵国。加拿大热情的人民、广袤的土地、优美的环境给我留下了深刻印象。后来由于工作关系，我多次来访。此次是我担任中国外长以来首次访加，故地重游，倍感亲切。我这次来访是为了与加方就中加关系和共同关心的问题深入交换意见，增加了解，扩大共识，深化合作，推动两国关系进一步改善和发展。昨天，我同坎农外长举行了会谈，并会见了金塞拉参议长。今天上午，我分别会见了哈珀总理和自由党领袖伊格纳蒂夫先生。我们谈得很好，访问取得了积极成果。 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 中加关系源远流长。一百多年前，中国劳工来到加拿大，为修筑横贯这个国家东西部的“太平洋铁路”作出了不可磨灭的贡献。第二次世界大战期间，中加两国人民并肩抗击法西斯。白求恩大夫的英雄事迹在中国家喻户晓，他毫不利己、专门利人的国际主义精神永远激励着世界上爱好和平的人们。上世纪60年代初，加拿大在西方国家中率先开展对华贸易，出口小麦到中国，向中国人民提供了宝贵支持。1970年，中加实现建交，加拿大成为最早与新中国建交的西方国家之一，两国关系由此揭开了新篇章。 中加建交39年来，两国关系虽经历风雨波折，但总的方向是向前发展的。在两国几代领导人亲自推动和各界人士共同努力下，双方交流领域不断拓宽，合作水平持续提高。两国高层及各级别交往日益增多。双方在经贸、司法执法、能源、环保、科教文卫等广泛领域建立起40余个交流合作机制，在联合国、世界贸易组织、20国集团、亚太经合组织等多边机制中的合作日趋密切。 两国经贸关系从昔日的单一商品贸易发展到今天的全方位、跨领域、多元化合作。双边贸易额由建交之初的1.5亿美元增长到去年的345.2亿美元，提前实现了2005年9月两国领导人确定的到2010年突破300亿美元的目标。中国已成为加拿大第二大贸易伙伴、第三大出口市场和第二大进口来源国。中国出口到加拿大的轻工、纺织及各种耐用消费品质优价廉，不仅丰富加拿大人民的日常生活，还为他们节省大量开销。中国对加的投资也不断增长。加拿大鲍尔、庞巴迪、加拿大铝业等知名企业以及永明、宏利保险公司、蒙特利尔银行、皇家银行等金融机构纷纷进入中国并取得快速发展。秦山核电站三期项目更成为两国在和平利用核能方面合作的示范工程。 中加两国人员交往不断增加。中国已成为加最主要的移民和海外留学生来源地之一，目前加有华人华侨140多万、中国留学生近6万。中文已成为加第三大语言。中加之间结好的省市达到44对。北京、上海与温哥华、多伦多之间每周有40多个直飞航班，每天有2000多人次往返于中加之间。遍布中国各地的30多所加拿大研究中心成为中国民众了解加拿大的窗口，中国在加拿大设立的5所孔子学院也为加人民学习汉语和了解中国文化提供了良好条件。在这里，我还要特别提到去年加拿大政府和人民在四川汶川特大地震后给予中国政府和人民的支援。地震发生后，加拿大联邦和地方政府宣布了多项援助措施，各界人士纷纷慷慨解囊，这充分体现了中加两国人民在特大自然灾害面前相互支持的人道主义精神，大大加深了两国人民业已存在的友好情谊。借此机会，我愿再次向加拿大政府和人民表示衷心感谢。 中加关系的发展历程告诉人们，尽管两国国情不同，不可能在所有问题上都有一致看法，但这没有、也不应该成为两国关系发展的障碍。中国有句古语：“和则亲，异则敬。”不同文明和社会制度的国家应该相互尊重、求同存异、取长补短、共同发展；应该尊重世界的多样性，尊重各国人民选择其本国发展道路的权利，互不干涉内政。只要遵循这些原则，中加双方就能牢牢把握两国关系的正确方向，推动两国关系不断健康稳定向前发展。 近年来，中加关系并非一帆风顺，但令人高兴的是，在双方的共同努力下，中加关系正在不断改善和发展。特别是，2008年7月胡锦涛主席与哈珀总理在日本洞爷湖八国集团与发展中国家领导人对话会期间会晤，就发展中加关系达成了重要共识，有力推动了两国各领域的交流与合作。自那时以来，双方在经贸、能源、科技、卫生、教育等广泛领域的互利合作取得新的进展，两国关系展现出新的活力和前景。 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 当今世界正处于大变革、大调整之中。世界多极化趋势不可逆转，经济全球化深入发展，国与国相互依存、利益交融已达到前所未有的程度。求和平、谋发展、促合作成为不可阻挡的时代潮流，但世界局部冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，南北差距拉大，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，世界的和平与发展仍面临睹多难题。特别是当前国际金融危机对各国实体经济的冲击进一步显现，世界经济金融形势依然严峻。面对这些挑战，没有任何国家能独立应对，唯有携手合作才是正确选择。 世界已发生了重大变化，要用新的眼光看待这个世界、看待中加关系。中国和加拿大，一个是世界上面积最大的发展中国家，一个是世界上面积最大的发达国家，两国之间没有根本利害冲突，而拥有广泛的共同利益和良好的合作基础。当前形势下，中加两国更应加强合作，共同促进世界经济早日复苏，有效应对各种全球性挑战，更好地造福两国人民和世界人民。 ——推进中加关系，要加强高层及各级别交往，增进政治互信。高层交往对巩固两国关系的政治基础具有不可替代的作用。近年来，两国领导人通过会晤、通信等方式就共同关心的重大问题保持着经常性沟通，有力推动了两国关系的改善和发展。双方应继续保持这种交往势头，同时进一步扩大两国政府、立法机构、政党之间的对话与交流。中方欢迎加方更多的政府官员、议员、政党领导人及各界朋友访华。 ——推进中加关系，要努力挖掘潜力，扩大务实合作。多年来，中加贸易额持续增长，但同两国经济总量和合作潜力相比，双边贸易和投资规模仍然偏小。双边贸易占中、加各自外贸总额的比重只有1%和6%左右。我们欢迎加政府积极推进贸易多元化战略，支持两国企业在信息技术、能源资源、基础设施、交通、环保、农业等领域开展合作，实现优势互补。我们也愿鼓励中国企业积极参与加方的“太平洋门户计划”和“大西洋门户计划”建设。希望双方共同反对贸易和投资保护主义，妥善处理两国经贸问题，为两国经贸合作创造更加有利的条件，并使加拿大成为中国更加重要的贸易伙伴。 当前，应对国际金融危机的冲击是摆在各国面前的头等大事。金融危机爆发以来，中国经济发展也受到影响，经济运行困难增多。我们及时调整宏观经济政策取向，把扩大国内有效需求作为促进经济增长的基本立足点，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，迅速出台扩大内需、促进经济增长的一揽子计划：一是增加政府公共支出4万亿元人民币，二是实行高达5000亿元人民币的结构性减税，三是保持金融流动性充足，四是大范同实施产业调整振兴规划，五是大力开拓国内消费市场，尤其是农村市场，六是加快推进重点民生工程建设。 中国实施的一揽子计划已初见成效，经济运行出现积极变化，形势比预料的好。主要表现为：一是投资增速加快，消费增长较快，一季度国内生产总值增长6.1%；二是工业生产逐步企稳，农业形势总体稳定，4月份规模以上工业增加值同比增长73%；三是结构调整积极推进，区域发展协调性强，产业升级加快；四是城镇就业增加，居民收入提高，一季度城镇新增就业268万人，城镇居民人均可支配收入和农民人均现金收入同比分别增长11.2%和8.6%；五是银行体系流动性充裕，一季度金融机构人民币各项贷款同比增长29.78%，金融市场平稳运行。中国为应对国际金融危机冲击采取的一系列举措不仅对本国经济有利，对区域经济和全球经济也产生了积极影响。 金融危机爆发以来，中加双方进行了良好的沟通与协调。中加都主张深化国际经贸合作，加强国际宏观经济政策对话与协调，推动国际金融体系改革；都主张加强国际金融监管合作，防范金融风险积聚和扩散。中方愿与加方一道，继续加强在上述领域的磋商与协调。我们也愿与加方及其他各方共同努力，推动20国集团第三次金融峰会在前两次峰会基础上取得更多积极成果。 中加合作的巨大潜力还体现在其他广泛领域。无论是在反恐、司法执法、科教文卫等领域，还是在联合国事务、气候变化等全球性问题和地区热点上，中加两国都应积极寻找利益汇合点，努力拓展互利合作，不断充实中加关系的战略内涵。 ——推进中加关系，要尊重和照顾彼此关切，妥善处理敏感问题。台湾问题事关中国主权和领土完整，是中方核心利益所在。当前，两岸关系不断改善，步入和平发展的轨道。两岸关系的改善和发展不仅给两岸同胞带来实实在在的利益，也符合包括加拿大在内的国际社会共同利益。我们将继续本着建立互信、搁置争议、求同存异、共创双赢的原则，努力开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。但无论两岸关系发生什么变化，中国政府坚持一个中国原则决不动摇，反对“台独”分裂活动、反对“两个中国”和“一中一台”的立场决不改变。我们希望加方恪守一个中国政策，慎重妥善处理涉台问题，支持两岸关系和平发展。 同台湾问题一样，涉藏问题也事关中国核心利益。西藏自古以来就是中斟领土不可分割的一部分。中国在西藏实行民族区域自治制度，依法保护公民的人权和宗教信仰自由，致力于保护西藏优秀传统文化。我们与达赖的矛盾不是民族问题，也不是宗教和人权问题，而是维护祖国统一和分裂祖国的重大原则问题。我们对达赖的方针政策是一贯的、明确的，与达赖方面对话接触的大门始终是敞开的。关键在于达赖应真正放弃其寻求西藏独立、半独立或变相独立的主张。我们希望加方继续恪守承认西藏是中国一部分、不支持“西藏独立”的承诺，理解和尊重中国人民维护国家主权和领土完整的立场。 ——推进中加关系，要扩大人文交流，夯实民意基础。中国有悠久的历史，56个民族创造了绚丽多彩的中华文化。加拿大崇尚多元文化，主张各民族和谐共存。我们愿与加方一道，进一步加强两国文化、教育、体育、学术等领域的交流，扩大两国人员特别是青年人的交往，不断增进两国人民的相互了解和友谊。 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 中方积极支持温哥华举办2010年冬奥会。我们感谢加方大力支持明年上海世博会，愿为加方参展继续提供便利和协助。相信温哥华冬奥会和上海世博会将成为促进中加友好新的平台。 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 明年是中加建交40周年。我们双方应该对两国关系取得的成果感到自豪，更应该积极推动两国关系在新的历史起点上取得新的更大发展。我们愿与加方一道，坚持从战略高度和长远角度出发，以纪念中加建交40周年为契机，承前启后，继往开来，共同创造中加关系更加美好的明天。我希望并相信，中加友好事业将会继续得到加中贸易理事会以及加拿大各界有识之士的大力支持。 谢谢大家!

问答题下面你将听到一段有关中美贸易关系的讲话。 在冷战结束后的新形势下，两国要不要及如何发展双边关系，是中美两国面临的重大课题。“永久正常贸易关系”的通过表明，在美国，支持发展中美关系的力量占了上风，美国政府、国会、工商企业界和公众的主流都支持以建设性的态度与中国打交道。 其次，中美关系的内涵得到了丰富。经贸关系是两国总体关系的组成部分，中美互为重要贸易伙伴，美国还是中国的主要外资来源国，没有稳定、良好的经贸合作关系，政治关系就会空心化，就会缺乏前进的动力，失去公众的参与热情。良好的经贸合作关系可以对两国政治关系产生促进作用，特别是在政治关系出现波动时可发挥减震作用。 第三，增进了两国的互信和合作气氛。美国几乎给予世界上所有国家正常贸易关系的待遇，惟独将中国这样一个大国排除在外。这本身就是一种歧视，一种不信任。不解决这个问题，中国人民就无法理解中美关系的必要性，就会怀疑美国的合作诚意。没有人民的支持和参与，国家关系就难以发展。同时，建立正常贸易关系后，随着商品和人员往来的增加，投资和管理经验的引进，两国间的了解无疑会加深，误解也会减少。 第四，向中国在亚太地区的邻国发出积极的信号。中国是亚太大国，美国也自称是亚太国家，在地区有重要的影响力。中美友好，则亚太国家获益；中美敌对，则亚太国家遭殃。中美建立正常贸易关系，就是向亚太国家表明，两个大国愿意友好相处，有通过谈判解决分歧的意愿和能力。这对维护地区稳定，促进经济繁荣将产生长远影响。

问答题加强区域能源合作 共创亚太美好未来 资源节约与综合利用司副司长　刘显法 2002年7月25日 各位来宾、女士们、先生们： 上午好!今天，我们在这里联合召开“亚太地区可持续能源发展”国际研讨会，来自亚太地区10个国家和有关国际组织的政府官员、企业家和专家学者聚集在此，总结交流经验，分析新世纪可持续能源发展面临的形势，共同研讨亚太地区可持续能源政策、发展战略以及政策措施。[TONE]∥[TONE] 能源是国民经济发展的基础，也是经济社会可持续发展的重要制约的因素。改革开放20多年来，我国政府制定并贯彻实施了“能源开发与节约并重、提高能源利用效率”的方针，能源开发取得了巨大成就，能源生产总量由1980年的6.37亿吨增长到2000年的10.70亿吨，其中水能、太阳能、风能、生物质能等可再生能能源开发总量达到8600万吨，占全国商品能源总消费量的6.6%；同时能源效率不断提高，以一次能源消费年均4.7%的增长支持了国民经济年均9.5%的增长速度，实现了经济发展所需能源一半靠开发，一半靠节约的目标。[TONE]∥[TONE] 展望新世纪，人口、资源、环境成为世界各国经济和社会发展中面临的三大问题，而其核心是 资源问题，特别是能源资源的可持续发展问题。亚太地区有将近世界一半的人口，能源消费总量占 世界消费总量的20%以上，随着经济的快速发展，这个比例还会进一步增加。亚太地区能源生产消 费方式及其变化，必将对世界能源发展带来深刻的影响。提高能源利用效率、加大可再生能源开发 力度和采用新能源技术是解决能源和环境问题的最现实、最经济的途径，也是亚太地区可持续发展 战略的重要组成部分。[TONE]∥[TONE] 二十一世纪前十年将是中国经济结构战略性调整的关键时期，为此，我们将采取完善法规、加 快企业技术改造、加强技术开发和推广应用、加强宣传教育培训等措施，以及财政、金融激励政策， 同时进一步加强国际交流与合作，学习借鉴国外先进经验和技术，为推进我国能源可持续发展，减 少污染物排放、保护环境做出更大贡献。 最后，预祝本次研讨会取得圆满成功! 谢谢大家![TONE]∥[TONE]

问答题Passage 2 下面你将听到一段回忆邓小平同志的发言。 上个世纪70年代末，我参加了第四次全国文代会，大会上小平同志致辞时获得的长时间的热烈掌声给我留下了极深的印象。这次大会是文艺界经历十年浩劫后的第…次盛会，也是小平同志复出后第一次代表党中央、国务院同广大文艺工作者见面。 1960年的第三次文代会后，文艺界一直处于“多事之秋”。由于林彪、“四人帮”推行极“左”路线，许多有杰出贡献的作家、艺术家相继被打成“走资派”或“反动权威”，受到打击，有的被迫害致死。许多本来优秀的作品或正确的理论观点，被扣上“毒草”的帽子，受到批判清剿。经过十多年的折腾，文艺界已经溃不成军了。 小平同志的“致辞”就是代表中央对文艺界重新估价，也是来为文艺工作者鼓劲的。我记得，小平同志一走到讲台，全场就响起雷鸣般的掌声。此后在小平同志的整个讲话里，全场一次次地响起热烈的、暴风雨般的掌声。 记得很多年前，塔斯社在发表苏联领导人讲话时，在每个段落之后都要用括号标明“掌声”、“热烈掌声”、“暴风雨般的掌声”、“雷鸣般的掌声”，来表现演讲效果。后来听说，有些不完全符合事实。但是，用这些词形容小平同志的讲话，确实是一点也不过分，那些掌声确实是非常真诚和由衷的。

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} HIV/AIDS is now recognized clearly as a growing threat to China. According to official Chinese estimates, China now has approximately 840,000 persons infected with HIV. As of the end of 2003, only 62,159 persons had been tested and officially confirmed to be HIV-positive. The remaining HIV-positive persons in China, estimated at 780,000 persons or more, are not known to public health authorities, and the individuals themselves probably do not know their status, posing significant risks for the further spread of HIV. Senior Chinese officials, as well as international experts operational in China, now assert that HIV is steadily moving from source population such as injecting drag users and commercial sex workers into the general population. However, China has made important advances in outlook, policy and resource commitments. New leaders have emerged in China with a stronger commitment to improving social welfare and to addressing HIV/AIDS in particular. China has initiated a more proactive response to the HIV/AIDS challenge, including a national treatment and care program. New policy guidelines promote "four frees and one care": free drug treatment for poor citizens, free testing and counseling for poor citizens, free treatment to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, free schooling for AIDS orphans, and care for families affected by HIV/AIDS. Senior leaders have committed to implementing harm reduction strategies, including condom promotion, needle exchange, and methadone substitution therapy for drug addicts. Formidable challenges lie ahead. In spite of many positive developments, daunting challenges -- political, technical, and normative -- lie ahead for China to combat HIV/AIDS. It is difficult to overstate the scale and challenges in terms of planning, costs, logistics, human resources, technical capacity, and the pervasive problems posed by stigma. Weak and incomplete national HIV testing and surveillance system, debilitated and dysfunctional public health system, particularly in rural areas, serious lack of qualified personnel and the necessary equipment and technologies to properly diagnose, counsel, treat, monitor and care for HIV/ADS, just to name a few. US-based commentators have suggested that success in addressing HIV/AIDS in China will require continued high-level leadership, both in China and internationally. For engaged US policymakers, as well as country leaders and heads of international organizations, priority should lie in near to medium-term steps which sustain Chinese leadership's focus on HIV/AIDS and public health. China's formidable structural and organizational weaknesses must be addressed systematically. Failure to implement a more strategically coordinated plan risks the loss of international support over time. Prevention and awareness should receive higher priority in China's strategic national Plan to combat HIV/AIDS. And human resources development, through education and training of medical professionals, is crucial.