问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} Tight electricity supply is constraining China's economic growth--a situation likely to persist for three to four years until new capacity comes online. The energy shortfall has not yet severely hampered U.S. business operations in China, but this remains a distinct possibility. Shortages have now spread to two-thirds of China's provinces, affecting Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and other first-tier cities. Plants in China's manufacturing heartland, the Pearl River Basin and East China now experience frequent mandatory shutdowns. Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces have imposed electricity rationing. Many plants have installed costly back-up diesel generators. Shanghai's demand for electricity outstrips supply by two to four million kilowatts. The tight supply is causing price increases at the front end of the manufacturing supply chain. High energy costs are a competitive disadvantage for China in the world marketplace. Quality, quantity, and security of supply also are essential for China's continued economic growth. Present restrictions on the direct sale of electricity, oil, and gas to industrial users promote inefficiency and non-competitiveness. Much of the current concern with the "overheating" of China's economy has been driven by the fear that the energy supply is not keeping up with the development of major energy-consuming industries. China's rapid economic growth, especially in the construction and manufacturing sectors, is behind the electricity shortage. China's energy industry has doubled in absolute terms during the last ten years, but such growth has been insufficient to meet demand. It takes five to seven years to design, construct, and commission a major thermal power plant, seven to ten years to explore and develop an oilfield, and five years to develop a coalmine. All require extremely large capital investment. Despite the fact that China has the world's second largest coal reserves and worldwide coal and coke prices are at eight-year highs, supply has not been able to keep up with demand. Efforts to raise electricity production in the near term have been hampered by deficient railroad capacity, which has prevented coal from reaching power stations. While coal price cycles usually do not coincide with oil prices, current high prices in both commodities have supply straining to meet demand. While China only imported 0.6 percent of world oil supplies in 1995, it now imports 3 percent of the world's oil. China, like the United States, is becoming increasingly vulnerable to disruptions in the world's supply of oil.

问答题尊敬的阿姆鲁·穆萨秘书长， 尊敬的各位使节， 女士们，先生们： 萨拉姆-阿莱控(大家好)! 今天，我很高兴来到开罗阿拉伯国家联盟总部，同各位使节和埃及各界朋友们交流。阿盟是阿拉伯国家团结、联合、自强的象征。首先，请允许我代表中国政府和人民，向阿拉伯国家和人民，致以崇高的敬意和美好的祝愿! 有句阿拉伯谚语：“喝了尼罗河的水，一定会再来。”三年前，我在尼罗河畔的金字塔前，与中埃各界人士共同庆祝两国建交50周年。今天，我再次踏上这片承载着厚重文明的神奇土地，倍感亲切。 中国同阿拉伯国家之间的友谊，源远流长。近代以来，中国和阿拉伯国家都经历了沧桑巨变，走上了民族复兴的道路。相似的经历和追求发展的共同目标使中国同阿拉伯各国风雨同舟、休戚与共、结下了深厚情谊。中国人民视阿拉伯人民为好朋友、好伙伴、好兄弟，为你们在发展道路上所取得的每一个成就感到由衷的高兴，表示热烈的祝贺! 今天，我演讲的题目是：尊重文明的多样性。 文明具有多样性，就如同自然界物种具有多样性一样。当今世界，有200多个国家和地区，2500多个民族，6000多种语言。正是这些不同民族、不同肤色、不同历史文化背景的人们，共同创造了丰富多彩的世界，就如同有了七音八调的差异，才能演奏出美妙动听的音乐。不同文明之间的对话、交流、融合，汇成了人类文明奔流不息的长河。 伊斯兰文明和中华文明都是人类文明的瑰宝，都对人类社会的进步和发展有着不可磨灭的贡献。 中华文明同伊斯兰文明之间的对话和交流，有着悠久的历史。闻名中外的古丝绸之路，就是生动有力的见证。两千多年前，通过丝绸古道传人中国的胡桃、胡椒、胡萝卜等，早已成为中国人喜爱的食物。阿拉伯鼎盛时期的文学经典《一千零一夜》，在中国家喻户晓。伊斯兰风格的音乐、舞蹈和服饰、建筑，在中国深受欢迎。同样，中国古代文化和技术，也传到了阿拉伯国家。中国的瓷器、丝绸、茶叶、造纸术，就是通过阿拉伯国家传入欧洲的。六百年前，中国穆斯林航海家郑和七下西洋，多次到达阿拉伯地区，成为传播友谊和知识的使者。中国与阿拉伯世界的交流不断扩大和加深，不仅有力促进了双方的文化繁荣和经济发展，还推动了东西方文明的交流。

问答题{{B}}第四篇{{/B}} 女士们、先生们、朋友们! 一个音符无法表达出优美的旋律，一种颜色难以描绘出多彩的画卷。世界是一座丰富多彩的艺术殿堂，各国人民创造的独特文化都是这座殿堂里的瑰宝。一个民族的文化，往往凝聚着这个民族对世界和生命的历史认知和现实感受，也往往积淀着这个民族最深层的精神追求和行为准则。人类历史发展的过程，就是各种文明不断交流、融合、创新的过程。人类历史上各种文明都以各自的独特方式为人类进步做出了贡献。// 文明多样性是人类社会的客观现实，是当今世界的基本特征，也是人类进步的重要动力。历史经验表明，在人类文明交流的过程中，不仅需要克服自然的屏障和隔阂，而且需要超越思想的障碍和束缚，更需要克服形形色色的偏见和误解。//意识形态、社会制度、发展模式的差异不应成为人类文明交流的障碍，更不能成为相互对抗的理由、我们应该积极维护世界多样性，推动不同文明的对话和交融，相互借鉴而不是相互排斥，使人类更加和睦幸福，让世界更加丰富多彩。// 女士们、先生们、朋友们! 文化、教育和青年交流是中美两国人民增进相互了解和友谊的重要桥梁，也是推动中美关系健康稳定发展的重要力量。耶鲁大学是中美教育合作的先行者和文化交流的重要平台156年前，一位名叫容闳的中国青年走进了耶鲁大学校园，四年后他以优异的成绩获得了文学士学位，成为毕业于美国大学的第一个中国留学生。此后，一批又一批中国青年来到耶鲁大学求学。// 近20年来，耶鲁大学吸引了4000多名中国留学人员，同中国文化界、科技界、教育界的合作项目超过80个。去年夏天，耶鲁大学派遣首批学生到中国实习，其中一些人成为中国故宫博物院的第一批外国实习生。借此机会，我对莱文校长和耶鲁大学为增进中关两国人民的交流所做的积极努力表示赞赏。// 为增进中美两国青年以及教育界的相互了解，我高兴地宣布，中方决定邀请100名耶鲁大学师生今年夏天访问中国。我相信，你们的访问将是一次十分愉快的经历。// 女士们、先生们、朋友们! “长江后浪推前浪，世上新人换旧人。”青年人是世界的希望和未来，青年人有着蓬勃向上的生命活力和无穷的创造力。我衷心希望，中美两国青年携起手来，以实际行动促进中美两国人民友好，同世界各国人民一道，共创世界美好的明天。// (选自国家主席胡锦涛2006年4月21日在美国耶鲁大学的演讲)

问答题{{B}} Passage 2 {{/B}} Ladies and Gentlemen, Ten years ago, food safety was not on many people's mind in Europe. We all expected our food to be safe, not only because it generally was safe, but also because incidences of chemical or microbiological contamination were local in nature. So was the reporting about them. A conference like this one would not generate much interest beyond the people present. // What a contrast with the present. Today, food safety is one of the highest priority issues for consumers, producers and governments alike, all over Europe. // What has caused this change? The occurrence of BSE, of course, which brought with it the link to the terrible and fatal Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, created a widespread and deep-set unease about meat products. Yet, for a long time, continental Europeans left the worrying to the unfortunate British, safe in their conviction that the danger was contained by the Channel. // No longer. The consequences of BSE are felt across Europe and beyond. And the recent occurrence of foot-and-mouth disease spread alarm across Europe in a matter of days. even though it has no direct relation to human health. Through such and other incidents, European consumers have woken up to the reality that the trade in food and farm products is truly international—not least because countries of origin are clearly marked on supermarket produce. They are starting to discover the intricate network of international trade that underlies the food industry and brings products to supermarket shelves. // Still, based on evidence, it is clear that the main food safety problems are not the spectacular outbreaks which make their way into the media. In fact, the problem is a vast number of sporadic cases, many of which not only fail to reach the headlines; they don't even make it into our reporting system. // As I look at the vast area of food safety from the point of the World Health Organization, I see three major challenges to protect the health of the consumer: 1) We need to accept that the systems we use in Europe to ensure food safety are not as good as we have come to believe. To improve these systems and re-establish consumer confidence, we must reassess them all the way from the farm to the table; // 2) We need to ensure reasonable food safety standards that apply throughout the world and assist all countries to reach these standards. In the long run, it is in our own self interest to do so. Secondly, unless we do so, developing countries cannot participate in global trading systems: // 3) We must develop global standards for pre-market approval systems of genetically modified food to ensure that these new products not only are safe, but also beneficial for consumers and more efficient than existing products. // (Excerpts from the speech "Food Safety—a World-wide Challenge" by Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, former Director-general of World Health Organization, Uppsala, Sweden)

问答题But today, because of technological breakthroughs, new carbon financing tools, and growing private sector engagement, we can finally envision a future in which open fires and dirty stoves are replaced by clean, efficient, and affordable stoves and fuels all over the world – stoves that still cost as little as $25.

问答题当今世界各国面临的最紧迫的任务是尽快恢复全球经济增长。然而，令人担忧的是激增的贸易保护主义，使得前景本已脆弱的世界经济更加恶化。 中国与欧盟，作为世界上两个主要的经济体和利益相关者，理应在第二次中欧经贸高层对话上以负责任的态度，清晰地表明他们共同反对贸易保护主义的承诺。 贸易自由化是经济增长的发动机。它已成为经济全球化的强大推动力，并使世界各地的人们受益。相反，贸易保护主义在追逐一国利益时却损害了他国利益，将导致相互报复。最终无人能从中获益。 20世纪30年代的经济大萧条时期，贸易保护主义的流行让世界经济付出了沉重的代价。它导致世界贸易量萎缩了三分之二。我们应该确保相同的错误不再出现。 欧洲是自由贸易理论的诞生地，欧盟是自由贸易的成功典范。在欧洲，消除贸易壁垒促进了欧洲单一市场的形成和经济的繁荣和发展，其结果是，欧盟已经发展成为当今世界最大的经济体。 中国坚定地致力于改革开放。自从中国成功的加入世界贸易组织，中国市场变得更加开放，贸易自由度大幅上升。目前，中国的关税总水平只有9.8%。中国的工业品平均关税只有8.9%，在发展中国家中最低。进口农产品关税只有15.2%，这不仅低于其他发展中国家，也远低于许多发达国家。 中国的服务贸易开放水平已经接近发达国家的平均水平。中国已经采取稳步措施来改进市场经济体系和法律体系。特别是在知识产权保护、产品质量与食品安全、环境保护与劳动保障等方面已经取得了显著的进步。中国还采取了具体措施应对贸易保护主义，中国政府近日派遣了赴欧美的企业采购团。 中欧两个经济体互补性很强，双边贸易潜力巨大。欧盟现在是中国第一大贸易伙伴，而中同是欧盟第二大贸易伙伴。 中欧应该充分利用好中欧经贸对话这个平台，加强交流与合作，共同反对贸易保护主义。这将更好地让我们能够应对当前的危机，促进经济的复苏和增长。它也将加强经济全球化趋势，促进中欧贸易进一步发展。 中欧双方应当积极落实伦敦20国集团首脑会议达成的协议，尽早促进世贸组织多哈回合谈判达成广泛和平衡的成果，维护一个公开、公平和公正的周际贸易制度。早日结束多哈回合谈判对遏制贸易保护主义具有象征意义。 中欧双方应当进一步相互开放市场。中国将继续降低市场准入门槛，改善贸易和投资环境，鼓励中国企业增加来自欧盟的订单和进口。 我们希望欧盟放松高科技产品的对华出口限制，加强与中国在清洁能源、新能源和可再生能源方面的合作，支持与我们的中小企业的合作。同时，中欧双方应该加紧更新《欧共体与中国贸易经济合作协议》。 中欧双方应当本着合作的精神，妥善解决贸易分歧和争端。每一方都需要适当照顾自己的利益。但更重要的是，双方都应适应对方的关切，充分考虑对方国情和所处的发展阶段，稳步扩大我们的共同利益。 我们应该加强对话和磋商，对采取贸易保护措施进行克制，避免贸易问题政治化。中国希望欧盟不带偏见的客观评价中国的经济条件，尽可能较快承认中国的完全市场经济地位。 无论过去、现在还是将来，贸易自由化始终是全球经济繁荣的唯一途径。中国愿意与欧盟一起采取有效措施反对贸易保护主义，促进中欧贸易更好的增长，共同推动世界经济早日走出当前的困难。

问答题{{B}} Passage 3 {{/B}} The Australia-China relationship is now, as some of you have heard, thirty years old，and thirty years ago it is probably fair to say there were no official Chinese residents with appropriate visas studying in Australia. Today, that number exceeds 25,000 and is projected to exceed 100, 000 in ten years time. Education is the eighth largest export earner for Australia and to give you some idea of what that means, there are 38 universities in Australia. //My university, the University of New South Wales, has been active in the region, but last year overseas students brought in 128 million dollars to one university. Our local fee paying students brought in 34 million dollars. Those of you who don't know Australia might think that's strange, but of course the vast majority of our local students study in a government subsidized manner but also making some contribution themselves later on in life when they start to earn money. // I wouldn't like you to think for one moment that I think education is about earning money, and I merely talked about the money education brings to Australia to reinforce what a big program it is and how important it is for Australia. and for Australian finances and there seems little doubt that governments really are obsessed by export dollars. I'm not saying that's wrong I'm just making a comment, but governments are obsessed by export dollars and therefore education is important. // When I went to school, and I went to a government funded public school, there were about 750 boys at that school, and there were two Chinese students one of whom was me. Last year I spoke at a speech day. It is now a co-educational school, but 70 percent of the students were of Asian heritage, and of that 70 percent, about three quarters of them were Chinese. It's a selective school and therefore reflects, I think, the Chinese and the Vietnamese families' determination that education is important if they want their children to succeed. //I think that's great, but if any of you have visited the campus of my university you would notice one thing and that is it looks very Asian. At the present time, the University of NSW has about 34,000 students, 27 percent of whom are overseas students and the majority of those are ethnic Chinese but if you look at the campus you would think about 55 to 60 percent look Asian because the other quarter are like me, Asians who are Australians. And that's an interesting reflection of what's happened to Australia. // (Excerpts from the speech delivered by Dr. John Yu, Chairman of the Australia-China Council, on the Australia-China Oration Series 2002, November 6, Beijing)

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} 1986年全国人大常委会副委员长班禅喇嘛在西康地区大法会上教诲信徒们，要爱惜民族团结，维护祖国统一。 在中国，公民的信仰自由受到法律保护。目前全西藏在寺僧尼约有14,000多人，另有800位宗教界人士在各级人大、政协、佛教协会和政府部门中工作。 据不完全统计，从1978年以来，中央和地方政府共投资2,000多万元人民币，在西藏修复了200多座寺庙和700多所佛堂，使藏族同胞的正常宗教活动得到保证。 藏族是一个历史悠久，文化发达的民族。作为一个全民信教的民族，藏族的文化又总是与宗教保持着千丝万缕的联系。宗教活动中有艺术形式，艺术活动中有宗教因素，两者谁也离不开谁。

问答题2009年12月1日日内瓦 主席先生，各位同事： 过去一年来，我们经历了一场百年不遇的金融和经济危机。目前，全球经济出现企稳回升的积极迹象，但危机的深层次影响依然存在，形势好转的基础并不牢固，经济全面恢复增长任重道远。今天我们齐聚一堂，应该共同向世界发出一个积极的信号，一个关于“开放、前行、改革”的信号。 第一，保持开放 危机发生以来，各国为恢复经济纷纷出台刺激方案，但全球范围内未出现保护主义泛滥的局面，这很大程度上归功于WTO规则的约束和及时启动的监督机制。在危机中，发展中国家遭受了更大冲击，面临更多困难，但我们不能因为风险和挑战就关闭对外开放大门。WTO成员如能形成同样共识，继续恪守WTO承诺，不采取保护主义措施，坚定不移地坚持对外开放，就可凝聚起强大的力量共克时艰。 第二，坚持前行 多哈回合谈判还未走出僵局，但纵观多边贸易体制60年历史，自由贸易的车轮始终在逆境中前行。因此，我们应该坚定信心。经过七年的努力，目前，摆在谈判桌上的成果来之不易，不能以任何借口推倒重来。如果我们能够坚持“尊重授权，锁定成果，将2008年12月农业和非农主席案文作为谈判基础”三项原则，坚持多边主渠道作用，就有希望在2010年成功结束谈判。 第三，推动改革 WTO作为唯一规范国际贸易的制度性安排，它所具有的约束力为成员参与并受益于国际贸易提供了基本保障，此次危机再次证明了这一点。同时，应对危机的过程也表明，WTO需要通过必要的改革，不断完善规则，强化自身职能，增强对其他重要国际协调机制的影响力，在全球经济治理中承担更高的责任，发挥更大的作用。要以促进可持续发展作为改革的方向，在推进贸易自由化的同时加强“促贸援助”和贸易融资工作，让发展中国家，特别是最不发达国家真正分享全球化的利益。 中国始终是多边贸易体制的坚定支持者，始终是自由贸易原则的忠实维护者，始终是多哈回合谈判的积极推动者。中国愿与其他成员一道，共同努力，不断推进多边贸易体制向更加民主、更加高效和更加公正、平衡的方向发展。 谢谢大家!

问答题Passage 2 Thank you, Prime Minister, for that remarkable introduction. You have very lucidly provided the context for what I am about to say this morning. It"s a great honor to be invited to speak in this historic setting. The fact that you want to hear from the Secretary-General of the United Nations at this time, and that Prime Minister Tony Blair himself suggested this public exchange of ideas suggests to me that both you and he are conscious of the remarkable moment in world history that we have reached.// Indeed, today we face threats to world order and world peace of a kind and a scale that we have not seen since the height of the Cold War. But if we can agree on ways to respond effectively to those threats, we also have a unique opportunity to build a world that will be safer, fairer and freer, for all its inhabitants. I think you glimpsed that opportunity during the G7 finance ministers" meeting here in London last week, with its welcome emphasis on measures to attack world poverty and achieve the Millennium Development Goals.// What kind of threats do I have in mind? The most obvious are terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. Many experts tell us the question is not whether, but how soon, the two will be combined -- and we see, for example, a "dirty bomb" detonated in central London, or some other major capital. The loss of life would be shocking, but as nothing to the social and economic effects. Disruption would be felt not only here but around the world. // Millions in Asia, Africa and Latin America would lose their livelihoods, because of the impact on the world economy. People in those parts of the world already face many other, more immediate threats -- hunger, disease, environmental degradation, corrupt and oppressive government, civil and ethnic conflict -- threats to which the poor are always more vulnerable than the rich. Africa, my own continent, has the worst problems of all. The hopes of many African countries have been blighted by HIV/AIDS, which is devastating the most productive age-groups and the best educated social groups, slashing life expectancy, threatening to reverse decades of economic development.// I said two years ago that this might be the most decisive moment for the international system since the United Nations was founded in 1945. I still believe that. We are living through a time of danger, but also of great opportunity. The question is, will governments muster the will to seize that opportunity, and decide on a package of reforms offering protection against threats of both kinds -- from terrorism and WMD to poverty, hunger and disease. By tackling them all at once we can make sure that no one -- North or South, rich or poor--will feel left out, and that everyone will feel an interest in implementing the whole package. //

问答题主席先生， 女士们、先生们： 目前，国际形势正处于深刻变化之中。和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题，总体和平的国际环境为世界经济发展提供了有利条件；科技进步日新月异并孕育着新的重大突破，前所未有地提高了人类认识、把握宏观和微观世界的能力，展现了新的发展前景；经济全球化趋势正在向新的广度和深度演进，国际生产要素流动和产业转移加快，大大拓展了国际经济技术合作，促进了商品和资源在全球范围内的流动与优化配置。同时要看到，当今世界也存在一些不利于和平与发展的因素。局部战争和冲突仍时有爆发，恐怖主义、武器扩散、疾病传播等非传统安全问题日益突出；重大自然灾害给人类的生存与发展带来了巨大威胁；南北发展差距进一步拉大，新的贸易壁垒和保护主义不断出现；能源、资源消耗大幅度增长，生态破坏和环境恶化问题严重。 中国坚决支持并积极参与国际经济社会发展合作，呼吁国际社会在以下几个方面作出不懈努力： 第一，继续扩大经济技术等领域的国际合作。加强资金、先进技术、管理经验和人才资源等领域的国际交流合作，有利于各国相互学习和借鉴发展经验，发挥各自优势，优化全球资源配置，对推动各国经济发展具有重要意义。世界各国和地区应进一步相互开放市场，放开技术出口限制，继续推进贸易和投资自由化和便利化，消除各种贸易壁垒。国际社会还应该携起手来，共同应对来自安全、自然灾害等领域的挑战。 第二，构建资源节约型和循环经济发展模式。人类发展的历史经验表明，以资源浪费、环境破坏为代价换取一时的发展，人类必将受到严厉惩罚，最终也会危及发展本身。为了我们的美好家园，为了我们的子孙后代，我们应该走科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少的发展道路。要提倡绿色生产方式、生活方式和消费方式，构建资源节约型国民经济体系和资源节约型社会。要根据自然的承载能力规划经济社会发展，同时要积极开展生态环境保护和建设，坚决禁止各种掠夺自然、破坏自然的做法。 第三，努力建立公正合理的国际经济新秩序。应加强多边、双边贸易合作，积极推进区域经济合作。推动多哈回合贸易谈判取得进展，实现“发展回合”的目标。要继续在平等基础上推进南北对话，充分考虑发展中国家的利益，尊重世界的多样性，提倡国际关系民主化和发展模式多样化，使各国特别是发展中国家从经济全球化中受益。要推动国际经济、贸易和金融体制的改革，创造更好的国际经济环境。 第四，积极帮助发展中国家加快发展步伐。帮助发展中国家提高发展水平，尽快缩小日益拉大的南北发展差距，既是国际社会的责任，也是推动世界经济持续发展的必然要求。发展中国家对自身发展负有主要责任。发达国家应切实承担和履行应尽的义务，切实减免发展中国家的债务，增加不附加任何条件的官方援助；应帮助发展中国家加强人才资源开发，增强科技创新能力，挖掘国内市场潜力，使发展中国家形成自我发展能力；应采取有效措施，减少经济全球化可能给发展中国家带来的风险，努力实现共同发展、共同繁荣。

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} It stands to reason that for an organization to act intelligently, first and foremost, it must have a clear and unambiguous sense of purpose. The leaders of the enterprise have to provide direction or a sense of destiny before they can harness the collective talents and skills of everyone to move forward. And unless that reason for existing resonates with the rank-and-file, not much forward momentum will be created. An organization's sense of purpose has three distinct elements: First, a sound strategic concept which details why the organization has been formed and what it is hoped it will achieve. This may be articulated in a succinct and applicable mission statement. For example, Disney's strategic concept is "to deliver a rich customer experience which is full of fun and fantasy delivered in a theatrical environment". To retain its relevance, the strategic concept should be systematically evaluated each year and updated to reflect new trends, threats or opportunities. Second, a workable value proposition by which the organization will convert the value it adds for customers into revenue. The value proposition is the organization's promise to the marketplace. Third, a good business model which will provide the infrastructure by which the value proposition will be executed week-in and week-out. In an organization where these three elements are under constant evaluation and discussion, the leaders are able to respond to the evolving business environment appropriately. In practice, strategic vision is the capacity of an organization's leaders to create, evolve and express the purpose of the business enterprise. If the leaders are incapable of evolving that business concept over time, the organization will drift from one idea to the next. Conversely, strong leaders will have a vibrant and robust strategic concept in place, value proposition and business model. They will bring to the task what can be termed "bifocal vision", that is, strong leaders will have the capacity to respond to the challenges of the present without losing sight of where the organization needs to be heading in the future.

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} 党的十一届三中全会以来，随着党和国家工作重点转移到以经济建设为中心，教育在社会主义现代化建设中的地位和作用也越来越重要，我国教育的改革和发展取得了很大的成就。 进入20世纪90年代，科学技术日新月异，知识经济初见端倪，综合国力竞争日趋激烈，我国社会主义市场经济建设步伐加快，知识和人才的作用日益重要，我国教育的改革和发展面临新的机遇和挑战。 一些长期困扰教育发展的问题越来越凸显出来，我国教育的改革和发展还滞后于建设中国特色社会主义的要求。 教育经费的增长还很不适应教育事业发展的需要，经费紧张仍然是制约我国教育发展的一个突出问题；教师工资偏低且被拖欠，教师工作生活条件较差，尤其是住房困难问题十分突出。这些都需要采取措施尽快解决。 1992年，党的十四大明确提出：“必须把教育摆在优先发展的战略地位，努力提高全民族的思想道德和科学文化水平，这是实现我国现代化的根本大计。” 1993年，党中央、国务院制定了《中国教育改革和发展纲要》，《中华人民共和国教师法》颁布。1995年，《中华人民共和国教育法》颁布，党中央、国务院决定实施科教兴国战略。 这些重大决策为解决我国教育问题指明了方向。我国教育进入了改革发展的新时期。

问答题在这个举国同庆的除夕夜晚，我谨代表公司的全体同仁，感谢各位来宾光临我们的春节联欢晚会。春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时，我愿各位中外同事共度一个轻松、欢快的夜晚。 我们这家合资企业走过了10年的奋斗历程，这是辉煌的10年，富有成果的10年。我们在这里略备薄酒，庆祝我们的友好合作。我愿借此机会向公司的各位同仁表示诚挚的感谢。

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} Thank you, Prime Minister, for that remarkable introduction. You have very lucidly provided the context for what I am about to say this morning. It's a great honor to be invited to speak in this historic setting. The fact that you want to hear from the Secretary-General of the United Nations at this time, and that Prime Minister Tony Blair himself suggested this public exchange of ideas suggests to me that both you and he are conscious of the remarkable moment in world history that we have reached. // Indeed, today we face threats to world order and world peace of a kind and a scale that we have not seen since the height of the Cold War. But if we can agree on ways to respond effectively to those threats, we also have a unique opportunity to build a world that will be safer, fairer and freer, for all its inhabitants. I think you glimpsed that opportunity during the G7 finance ministers' meeting here in London last week, with its welcome emphasis on measures to attack world poverty and achieve the Millennium Development Goals. // What kind of threats do I have in mind? The most obvious are terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. Many experts tell us the question is not whether, but how soon, the two will be combined — and we see, for example, a "dirty bomb" detonated in central London, or some other major capital. The loss of life would be shocking, but as nothing to the social and economic effects. Disruption would be felt not only here but around the world. // Millions in Asia, Africa and Latin America would lose their livelihoods, because of the impact on the world economy. People in those parts of the world already face many other, more immediate threats—hunger, disease, environmental degradation, corrupt and oppressive government, civil and ethnic conflict—threats to which the poor are always more vulnerable than the rich. Africa, my own continent, has the worst problems of all. The hopes of many African countries have been blighted by HIV/AIDS, which is devastating the most productive age-groups and the best educated social groups, slashing life expectancy, threatening to reverse decades of economic development. // I said two years ago that this might be the most decisive moment for the international system since the United Nations was founded in 1945. I still believe that. We are living through a time of danger, but also of great opportunity. The question is, will governments muster the will to seize that opportunity, and decide on a package of reforms offering protection against threats of both kinds—from terrorism and WMD to poverty, hunger and disease. By tackling them all at once we can make sure that no one—North or South, rich or poor—will feel left out, and that everyone will feel an interest in implementing me whole package. //

问答题中加联合声明(2009年12月3日) 一、应温家宝总理邀请，加拿大总理斯蒂芬·哈珀于2009年12月2日至6日对中国进行正式访问，先后访问北京、上海和香港特别行政区。 二、胡锦涛主席、温家宝总理分别与哈珀总理会见、会谈，全国人大常委会吴邦国委员长将会见哈珀总理。双方就中加关系及共同关心的重大国际和地区问题深入、坦诚、富有成果地交换了意见，达成许多共识。访问期间，双方签署了一系列旨在促进气候变化、矿产资源、文化和农业教育等领域双边合作的协议(详见附件)。 三、双方对中加建交39年来双边关系的发展给予积极评价，认为中加同为亚太地区有重要影响的国家，拥有广泛共同利益和广阔合作前景。以诺尔曼·白求恩大夫等人物以及加拿大拥有130万华裔公民的事实为象征的中加友好关系源远流长。在相互尊重和平等互利基础上发展长期稳定的合作关系，符合中加两国和两国人民的根本利益。在中加关系进入新时期之际，双方同意共同努力，进一步促进在双边和国际事务各领域中的合作。 四、双方一致认为，包括领导人在内的经常性交往对推动中加关系发展十分重要。双方同意加强战略工作组这一于2005年建立的旨在促进定期、高级别交流的双边机制的作用。双方副部长级官员将于2010年尽早举行该工作组会议，讨论促进该机制及包括贸易与投资、能源和环境、卫生以及治理在内的可能的重点议题。双方还同意充分发挥业已建立的四十多个双边磋商机制的作用，加强各领域对话与沟通。 五、双方致力于保持中加关系稳定积极向前发展的势头，重申尊重彼此主权和领土完整、核心利益和重大关切这一根本原则，任何一方均不支持任何势力破坏以上原则的任何行动。中方强调，台湾问题事关中国主权和领土完整。加方重申建交时确立的长期一贯的一个中国政策，强调支持台湾海峡两岸关系和平发展，包括两岸加强经济、政治及其他领域对话与互动的努力。 六、双方承认各国及各国人民有权选择自己的道路，各国应该尊重彼此对发展模式的选择。双方承认不同的历史和国情会使彼此在人权等问题上产生一些不同看法。双方同意在平等和相互尊重的基础上就人权问题加强对话与交流，按照国际人权文书促进和保护人权。 七、双方一致认为，中国和加拿大经贸互补性很强。双方应加强务实合作，扩大两国贸易与投资。双方重申保持开放的投资与贸易政策，反对任何形式的保护主义，减少投资壁垒并鼓励两国企业合作。加拿大欢迎中国赴加投资。中国欢迎加拿大来华投资。双方承诺加快《中加投资保护协定》谈判，为增强投资者信心提供可预测及稳定的法律框架，以造福中加两国。双方同意有必要在现有水平上促进双边贸易进一步增加，扩大在能源资源、基础设施、电讯交通、先进技术、旅游、农业、金融服务等各领域的货物和服务贸易。双方同意加强双边科技关系。中加双方还同意加强清洁能源合作。哈珀总理宣布为亚太清洁发展和气候伙伴关系提供第二批资助。 八、两国领导人一致认为，促进教育、文化、商业及人民之间联系、增进两国人民相互了解将有利于中加关系的长远发展。双方同意以建交四十周年为契机，扩大两国各界交往。中加双方欢迎旨在增进两国人民交往的两个新的渠道，即中国在蒙特利尔设立总领事馆，以及中方在访问期间宣布加拿大为中国公民出境旅游目的地，以进一步促进中加之间游客、学生及商务人士的往来。 九、近年来，中加通过2008年建立的双边刮法执法合作定期磋商机制以及警务合作等渠道，不断扩大双边司法执法合作。双方重申愿根据各自国家法律在打击跨国犯罪和遣返逃犯方面加强合作。双方还同意早日签署《打击犯罪合作谅解备忘录》，并同意就签署分享犯罪所得协定进行谈判。双方表示愿就上述及其他双方将在今后考虑的相关问题保持沟通，以进一步扩大在该领域的合作。 十、双方就当前世界经济金融形势深入交换了看法，认为世界经济出现企稳回升的积极迹象，但这一复苏仍旧脆弱。双方同意加强宏观经济金融政策对话与协调，不断增强二十国集团在全球经济治理中的作用，支持二十国集团强劲、可持续和平衡增长框架。双方还同意继续进行必要的金融管理改革，抵制保护主义，为国际金融体系改革作出贡献。中方欢迎加拿大2010年6月主办二十国集团峰会。双方表示愿与其他各方一道努力，推动峰会取得积极成果。双方同意有必要与其他伙伴共同推动世界贸易组织多哈回合谈判取得成功。 十一、加方欢迎中国通过主持六方会谈进程对地区和平与安全作出的贡献，并希望这一旨在实现朝鲜半岛无核化的机制能够很快得以恢复。双方注意到彼此在阿富汗问题上发挥的积极作用，希望看到阿富汗实现和平、稳定和发展，并愿为此继续作出努力。双方一致认为，中加在促进地区和世界和平、安全及可持续发展方面拥有重要的共同利益。为推动实现上述目标，两国领导人同意加强在联合国、亚太经合组织和其他多边机构及在核安全、核不扩散和裁军、粮食安全、全球卫生威胁、气候变化及其他重大国际和地区问题上的协调和合作。 十二、双方讨论了当前迫切的全球卫生问题以及加强多、双边合作应对甲型H1N1流感等快速扩散的新发及再发疾病问题。双方还同意继续就医疗改革、食品安全和公共卫生等两国重要的卫生问题进行合作。双方应继续重点加强在卫生领域的务实合作。 十三、双方认为气候变化问题是人类面临的共同挑战，国际合作应对这一挑战至关重要。各方应在已取得的进展基础上，共同推动哥本哈根大会达成符合《联合国气候变化框架公约》确立的原则，特别是共同但有区别的责任原则以及各自能力和“巴厘路线图”的协商一致的结果。双方也同意在气候变化问题上和清洁能源技术领域加强政策对话与双边合作，作为对《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》的补充。 十四、展望新的一年，双方欢迎一个基础深厚、充满活力并不断发展的中加关系。中方注意到奥运会火炬已经传递给加拿大，欢迎即将到来的2010年温哥华冬季奥运会。中方将派出大规模体育代表团参加温哥华冬季奥运会。加方重申支持上海2010年世博会。自2010年5月起，加拿大展馆将为大量的中国公民参观欣赏众多的加拿大艺术、文化及其他公共活动提供机会，同时也借此纪念两国建交四十周年，继续增进中加相互理解和友谊。

问答题下面你将听到一段有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group. Your focus on food security in Africa comes at a crucial time. The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on multiple fronts. Africa has faced food crises in the past; it has faced deadly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in states with limited capacity and resources. But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa faces a deadly triad of related burdens — food insecurity, HIV/AIDS and an emaciated capacity to govern and provide services. We cannot freed viable solutions to the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time. Food insecurity in Africa has structural causes. Most African farmers farm small plots of land that do not produce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the farmers' lack of bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology. This further weakens farmers' ability to withstand the impact of recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic. Thirty million Africans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20 million AIDS deaths worldwide. In some areas of Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is HIV-positive, and similar proportions are going hungry. The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food production — with seven million African farmers already dead -- is only too obvious. Infection rates are rising among African women. The latest figures show that women make up 58 percent of Africans already infected. Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next. Both at the household level and the government level, resources are being diverted from food production to health care. In turn, food shortages fuel the disease, through malnutrition, poverty and inequality. Clearly, breaking this destructive cycle poses a huge challenge to governance. It will re- quire strong institutions, improved skills and innovative policies. But in an irony so typical of the age of AIDS, Africa's ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease. This interlocking set of issues facing Africa is far greater than the sum of its parts. Ad- dressing the issue I have raised requires a new, integrated response from both the Governments of Africa and the international community. It requires a shift from short-term approaches to a reassessment of our entire strategy for development — or, taking long-term measures even when addressing short-term emergencies. Ladies and gentlemen, The United Nations family is already joining forces to mount the coordinated effort needed. I hope you will work across the board with us, and with the Governments of Africa, in developing the range of revolutionary approaches we need to tackle the deadly triad and break the pattern of food crises in Africa. I opened my remarks with a message of despair; let me close with one hope. Yes, this is an unprecedented set of challenges. But your presence here today tells me that we have unprecedented consensus on the need to confront them. Together, we must mobilize the political will to succeed. Thank you very much.

问答题中国将坚定不移地综合执行和平独立的外交政策。中国的外交政策是为了争取长期健康的国际环境，尤其是争取有利于中国社会主义现代化建设的环境，有利于维护世界和平、促进共同发展的环境。 中国将继续加强同发展中国家，特别是周边国家的积极关系，坚持睦邻友好的政策。我们要贯彻中国-东盟非正式首脑会议的成果，加强面向21世纪的相互信任的中国-东盟伙伴关系。我们要进一步在广泛领域里同西方发达国家进行合作与交流。我们要加强同非洲、拉丁美洲、南亚、中欧和东欧的团结与合作，努力建立公正与合理的国际政治秩序和国际经济秩序。 中国还将继续参与全球性、洲际性和地区性的多边外交活动，在联合国改革、地区冲突、维护和平、裁军、军备控制和环境保护方面发挥建设性的作用。

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} Mr. Chairman, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, I should like, first of all, to once again thank the Norwegian Nobel Committee for the award they have made to the United Nations Peace-Keeping Operations. Their decision has been acclaimed all over the world. I take this opportunity also to express once again my deep gratitude to the countries, which have contributed troops or provided logistical support to these operations. It is to their willing cooperation that we owe the success of this great experiment in conflict control. Peace--the word evokes the simplest and most cherished dream of humanity. Peace is, and has always been, the ultimate human aspiration. And yet our history shows that while we speak incessantly of peace, our actions tell a very different story. Peace is an easy word to say in any language. As Secretary-General of the United Nations, I hear it so frequently from so many different mouths and different sources, that it sometimes seems to me to be a general incantation more or less deprived of practical meaning. What do we really mean by peace? Human nature being what it is, peace must inevitably be a relative condition. The essence of life is struggle and competition, and to the extent perfect peace is an almost meaningless abstraction. Struggle and competition are stimulating, but when they degenerate into conflict they are usually both destructive and disruptive. The aim of political institutions like the UN is to draw the line between struggle and conflict and to make it possible for nations to stay on the right side of the line. Peace-keeping operations are one very practical means of doing this. What we are trying to create in the LIN is a world where nations recognize at the same time the ultimate futility of war and the collective responsibility that men and women everywhere share for ensuring a decent future. All human experience seems to show that in international, as in national, affairs, rule of law is an essential objective for any society wishing to survive in reasonable conditions. We now recognize that all humanity--the whole population of this planet--has in many respects become, through the revolutionary force of technological and other changes, a single society. The evolution of international law and international authority may well be decisive in determining whether this global society is going to survive in reasonable conditions. In a larger perspective, we must work towards a time when war will cease to be an acceptable option of national policy or a possible means of settling disputes, and when a reliable international system will take its place. From this perspective, the development of international peacekeeping has an essential place, just as the concept of a civil police was essential to the development of rule of law within nation states. I hope that the attention now being given to peacekeeping, which is symbolized by the award of the Nobel Peace Prize, will not only strengthen our capacity to conduct the affairs of nations but also stimulate a wider effort to consider the new means and the new institutions needed to ensure a better common future. Thank you.