问答题{{B}}Passage 1 {{/B}} Representatives of the governments of 47 countries，22 international organizations，54 private sector entities and 116 non-governmental organizations (NGO) of the Asia-Pacific region gathered at the Asia-Pacific Regional Conference, held in Tokyo from 13 to 15 January 2003, to develop a shared vision and common strategies for the "Information Society". // The objective of the conference was to discuss how best to work together to contribute to the region's effective transition to an Information Society that will accelerate and enhance regional economic, social, cultural and technological development. // The conference emphasized that a primary aim of the Information Society must be to facilitate full utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) at all levels in society and hence enable the sharing of social and economic benefits by all, by means of ubiquitous access to information networks, while preserving diversity and cultural heritage. // The Conference endorsed the important role that ICTs can play in achieving the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, which describe a fundamental set of principles and guidelines for combating poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation and gender inequality. // In order to promote the development and advancement of the Information Society, it is necessary to address many issues, within and across sectors, while ensuring that the essential platform of ICT infrastructure and services, standards and innovation is established. // The private sector plays an important role in the development and diffusion of ICTs, while civil society, including NGOs, works closely with communities in strengthening ICT-related initiatives. Increased cooperation and partnerships are needed between governmental and intergovernmental organizations, the private sector and civil society, for effective design and implementation of various initiatives, by giving priority to locally-available human resources. // All stakeholders are urged to mobilize resources for the development of the Information Society, including through increasing investment in telecommunication infrastructure, human capacity building, policy frameworks and the development of culturally sensitive local content and applications. International and regional organizations, including financial and development institutions, have an important role to play in integrating the use of ICTs in the development process and making available the necessary resources for this purpose. // To make significant progress, all countries of the region will need to mainstream ICTs, with special reference to gender, within their national and regional development strategies, and across all sectors. // In this context, the following initiatives can support social and economic development, including the emergence of e-communities, while at the same time ensuring that traditional models are recognized and respected, so that the non-users of ICTs are not marginalized. // ICT networks can offer better public services to citizens by more efficient and effective dissemination of information and delivery of essential government services. E-government can also generate a greater sense of community participation, and improve informed decision-making and development program implementation. // Through the application of ICT, businesses in all sectors can achieve increased productivity and profitability, reach wider markets, lower their transaction costs and control inventories more effectively. On the consumer side, ICTs can bring to consumers greater satisfaction through their interaction with many potential suppliers, beyond the constraints of location. // Access to education and knowledge is essential for economic, social and cultural development, and as a means of personal empowerment, community development and business efficiency. ICT networks have the potential to offer unprecedented educational opportunities to all groups in all areas of the Asia-Pacific region. Implementation of affordable and universal educational programs, content, broadband networks and hardware should be promoted. // Access to healthcare information and services is a basic right. Many countries lack adequate healthcare facilities and personnel, particularly in rural and remote areas. The use of ICTs promotes social inclusion of all members of society by enabling equitable access to healthcare services, as well as empowering citizens to better manage their own health and to participate more effectively in the healthcare process. // Community information and communication centers are critical to ensure inclusive access to information and social services, particularly in rural areas. // Comprehensive ICT strategies that have been endorsed at the highest political levels and that include clear goals need to be formulated at community, national, regional and global levels in order to create the Information Society. These strategies will be encouraged to be designed and implemented through collaboration and participation of all stakeholders. In this regard, awareness of the vast potential of the positive use of ICTs should be promoted among all concerned. // (Excerpt from "The Tokyo Declaration—the Asia-Pacific perspective to the WSIS")

问答题{{B}} 第一篇 {{/B}} 奥运会主中心区将设在奥林匹克公园内。北京奥林匹克公园位于北京城市中轴线的北端，占地1215公顷，其中有760公顷的森林公园，与北京市著名的中关村大学区、历史风景名胜区和大型住宅区相邻。奥运村、记者村、主新闻中心、国际广播电视中心及14座比赛场馆，中国体育博物馆、中国国际展览中心、国家奥林匹克体育中心位于公园内。// 奥运村将被建成体现城市可持续发展的优美的生态区，成为北京、中国和世界的样板。“绿色奥运”的理念在此将得到充分体现。村内运动员住宅将不超过六层，每两人一间，配有先进的设备。//村内将使用节能装置和环保材料，并广泛运用先进的网络技术。体现热情友好精神的娱乐场所，将使每一位村民感受家庭的温暖。这里提供的安全、舒适、方便的住宿条件将有助于运动员取得最好成绩。// 除部分比赛项目在城市中心举行外，其他项目的比赛集中在大学区、北部风景旅游区和西部社区。这些场馆和训练场馆的分布将方便运动员的使用，同时有利于赛后利用。赛后这些场馆将成为市民享受高品味文化氛围，进行运动、健身、休闲和文化活动的场所。// 奥运会将建设22个比赛场馆(3个在京外)，将为中国人民留下宝贵的财富。奥运会计划使用37个比赛场馆、59个训练场馆。除帆船比赛在青岛举行，足球预赛在天津、上海、沈阳和秦皇岛举行外，其他比赛均在北京举行。// 北京2008年奥运会依照国际奥委会建议在8月举行。此时正值北京夏季，是旅游的旺季和学生的假期，并处于世界范围的传统体育比赛日期之间。这将有利于在众多的大学生和其他人群中招募志愿者为奥运会服务，有利于让更多的国内外人士目睹奥运会的风采，也有利于传播。//

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} I would like to comment on the relationship between the growth of the world economy and the role of macroeconomic policies. Let me begin with a review of the world economy. The world economy has performed much better than many feared a year ago. Current projections are that global growth will reach 4.5% this year, the highest rate of the last five years. Once again the major impetus has come from the United States. But the extremely rapid industrialization of China has also stimulated global growth. Why has it turned out better than expected? Two broad explanations might be ventured. The first explanation is simply the globalization of market forces. An increasing proportion of economic activity is being governed by the market. In the space of only 15 years, some large command economies have undergone economic reform and become market economies. All this has unleashed a dynamic for growth that remains very strong, especially in China, India and Russia. However, the second explanation is not so reassuring. We realize that growth over the past few years has been brought about in no small measure by, very expansionary macroeconomic policies. These have included massive fiscal stimulus in the United States, policy interest rates in the major countries held at or near postwar lows for some time, and an unprecedented amount of foreign exchange intervention by monetary authorities in Asia. Unlike structural reforms, the effects of such policy stimulus are only temporary, and the current stance of policies cannot continue indefinitely. I think we need to take some effective measures to ensure the stable growth of the world economy. Evidence accumulates that macroeconomic policies will need to be tightened. Without putting what has been achieved at risk, of course. Fiscal policy, monetary policy and exchange rate policy ail need to be considered in this light. Let me start with the industrial world. The US government budget, which was in surplus to the equivalent of 1% of GDP in 2000, is likely to register a deficit 9f 5% of GDP this year, a deterioration of the US fiscal position without precedent since the Second World War. Japan's general government deficit remains at around 8% of GDP. Deficits in some large economies in the euro area are also disturbing. Therefore, early action to curb such deficits is all the more important. Although comparatively high unemployment is limiting nominal wage increases and spare capacity in manufacturing worldwide reinforces the competitive pressure on prices, there are signs that inflation is edging higher. Japan is slowly emerging from deflation. The pace of consumer price inflation in China has increased sharply in recent months, and there is evidence that prices are beginning to rise faster in some other Asian economies. I think positively of recent macroeconomic policies that allow exchange rate to appreciate. The eventual movement in exchange rates could be more abrupt than if a greater degree of flexibility had not been allowed earlier. The expansion in domestic liquidity associated with the foreign exchange intervention policy could ultimately lead to inflation. Markets could become too dependent on the continued intervention, and could then be seriously destabilized by even a hint of a change in policy. My last word of advice is this: The stance of macroeconomic policies cannot remain as expansionary if stability is to be maintained in the medium term. We should avoid the two extremes of either putting the entire burden on exchange rates or not allowing exchange rates to move at all.

问答题For years，policy makers and economists have all used GDP to measure the growth of country. But this excessive focus on GDP can distort development incentives and lead to unintended consequences. Clearly， for a country to prosper， sufficient economic activity must be generated in order to employ greater numbers of people and to improve the overall standard of living. However， GDP was developed as a measure decades ago， and it has many shortcomings that can make it a poor measure of quality of life. Instead， economists and policy makers should focus on other indicators and develop new models for measuring a country's development progress. And this is fully possible with today's technology. GDP records all the financial transactions for products and services within a country. The first problem with this measure is that with many companies operating in multiple countries， the profits that is created do not necessarily stay within a country's borders. In fact， a majority of the profits of multinational firms flows back to the country of origin. For instance， Nike may hire Chinese workers to produce its shoes， have stores in China to sell its products， and only Chinese customers buy from those stores. 90 percent of the economic activity happens in China and gets recorded in China's GDP. However， the majority of the profits of Nike goes back to the owners in the United States even if none of the economic activity happens in the United States. The national wealth measure is therefore， distorted because it would seem that China is getting richer and the United States is getting poorer. Obviously， this is not the case. Secondly， GDP does not show distribution of income. A company that creates a lot of income from production does not show how that income is being distributed. The majority of profits actually go to very few individuals and that the income inequality is wide in China. Another problem with GDP as a measure for economic progress is that it only captures financial transactions. When a mother takes his kid to watch a movie， that activity is captured in GDP. But when she takes the same kid to play soccer in a park， that activity is not captured in GDP. However， going to the park to play socce rcould create a better quality of life than going to the movies. if the focus becomes overwhelmingly on GDP growth， policy makers would have more incentives to create more movie theaters than public parks. As the result， the quality of life could drop. The worst part about focusing on GDP is that it can actually create the conditions for a worse quality of life. The pollution that causes cancers， food poisoning， or birth defects actually adds to GDP growth because whenever people seek medical help and incur medical bills to pay for all these ailments， GDP grows. On the other hand， GDP doesn't grow if people remain healthy and don't seek medical help. Obviously， it is much better to have a healthier， cleaner society， but that will not create higher GDP growth. In summary， GDP can be used as a guide， but it should be considered alongside other factors and indicators that are important to developing a sustainable society. Other measurements that should be adopted include the happiness index which measures satisfaction with life， air quality index， pollution index， and life expectancy. GDP has been relied upon because it is fast and easy to gather that gross data and make simple comparisons across countries. But because of its many shortcomings， policy makers would achieve their development goals faster if they also used other ways to measure their progress.

问答题The ongoing economic globalization and rapid advances of science and technology have generated unprecedented technological conditions for global economic and social development in the new century. In particular, the development of information and communications technologies has been making tremendous impact on our economic, social and cultural life. On the one hand, informationization presents valuable "digital opportunities" for economic growth and social progress. On the other hand, it presents various challenges to us. Many countries are taking active measures to push the development of information technologies and the information industry in an effort to accelerate national informatization processes. However, the development of information industry worldwide is seriously unbalanced. The gap between the rich and the poor in enjoying the benefits of and utilizing information resources and information technologies is widening instead of narrowing, putting the developing countries in a more disadvantageous position. This will inevitably further aggravate the social and economic disparity between the North and the South. Narrowing and ultimately eliminating the "digital divide" is a major issue to be addressed in the process of building the information society. Otherwise, we could not be able to attain the goal of sustainable, sound and coordinated development of the global information society. Weak information infrastructure has become a major reason for the gap between developing and developed countries and has seriously impaired the developing countries' ability to build information society. Therefore, we shall put emphasis on exploring the strategic goals for developing countries to accelerate their information infrastructure build-out. These strategic goals may include: government macroeconomic control and market regulation policies, information regulation system in line with national conditions, sound relationship between technological development and market growth, avoiding market risks, innovative financing mechanisms for more financing channels, etc. In the future information society, knowledge and skills will be a major driver for economic growth and one of the major contributors to the sustainable development of the information industry. One of the main reasons for the gap between developing and developed countries in information technologies is the lack of knowledge and human resources, which is a key issue to be considered in bridging the "digital divide". So we shall consider establishing innovative mechanisms for human resources development and explore ways to improve human resources development on the basis of the existing training centers and training resources as well as the Internet so as to enhance the awareness of information technology. Moreover, bridging the "digital divide" requires joint efforts of all countries around the world. Developed countries in particular shall truly shoulder their responsibilities in helping the developing countries accelerate their informatization processes and narrowing the "digital divide". Concrete actions shall be taken, on the basis of the principles of mutually beneficial cooperation, to offer active assistance to developing countries in the form of financial support, technology transfer and human resources training, etc.

问答题Passage 2 My wife Nane and I are both extremely happy to be with you today. I feel truly proud to belong to this extraordinary class of 2004, and I am pleased to see that so many parents and family members were here today. The day belongs to them, too. Without their constant support, understanding and sacrifice, none of us could have achieved what we have. For me, to receive a degree from Harvard is a very great honor indeed. There are few countries in the world whose leaders in public life, business, science and the humanities have not had some association with Harvard -- and no country that has not benefited from Harvard's outstanding contributions to human knowledge.// You have invited me, I know, not as an individual, but as Secretary-General of the United Nations. You are saying that the United Nations matters, and that you want to hear what we have to say. Are you right in believing that the UN matters? I think you are, because the UN offers the best hope of a stable world and a broadly equitable world order, based on generally accepted roles. That statement has been much questioned in the past year. But recent events have reaffirmed, and even strengthened, its validity. A role-based system is in the interest of all countries --especially today. Globalization has shrunk the world. The very openness, which is such an important feature of today's most successful societies, makes deadly weapons relatively easy to obtain, and terrorists relatively difficult to restrain. // Today, the strong feel almost as vulnerable to the weak as the weak feel vulnerable to the strong. So it is in the interest of every country to have international rules and to abide by them. And such a system can only work if, in devising and applying the rules, the legitimate interests of all countries are accommodated, and decisions are reached collectively. That is the essence of multilateralism, and the founding principle of the United Nations. All great American leaders have understood this. That is one of the things that make this country such a unique world power. America feels the need to frame its policies, and exercise its leadership, not just in the light of its own particular interests, but also with an eye to international interests, and universal principles.// Among the finest examples of this was the plan for reconstructing Europe after World War Ⅱ, which General Marshall announced here at Harvard in 1947. That was one part of a larger-scale and truly statesmanlike effort, in which Americans joined with others to build a new international system -- a system which worked, by and large, and which survives, in its essentials, nearly 60 years later. During those 60 years, the United States and its partners developed the United Nations, built an open world economy, promoted human rights and decolonization, and supported the transformation of Europe into a democratic, cooperative community of states, such that war between them has become unthinkable.//

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} Seventeen years after the fall of the Berlin wall, a reunified Germany will throw open its doors to the world. Germany 2006 will be a place where people from all around the word will be welcomed by friends. The tournament is being held on the finest stage in the world, one whose symbolism far transcends the boundaries of sport. Hark back to Germany's triumph at the 1954 FIFA World Cup in Switzerland, which sealed the country's return to the international fold in the most beautiful manner possible. // In 2006, Germans will have the opportunity to rectify certain clichés and preconceived ideas. The world will have the chance to see what a fantastic country Germany truly is: the beauty and diversity of its landscapes, its rich cultural heritage and the intelligence and good humor of its people. As for the legendary German work ethic and organizational skills, I am pleased to say those perennial qualities are alive and well—and we at FIFA are only too happy to take advantage of them. // For at all levels, the overall investment in any World Cup tournament is immense. The event is financially supported by the German state, but also by the "lender" and the Host Cities. I would like to take this opportunity to offer my heartfelt thanks to all those who are currently working with such passion and commitment to make the occasion a memorable one. Today's efforts will bear fruit tomorrow. German football, for example, will boast twelve spanking new or vastly improved stadiums in 2006. The whole German population too will benefit in terms of better transport and reception infrastructures. // Football clubs, schools and people all over the land have really got behind this great event, providing further proof, if any were needed, of the prominent role football plays in all our lives. In this respect I would like to congratulate the German Football Association for inviting people from all walls of life to take part in this great event. Like Mexico, Italy and France, Germany is now organizing its second FIFA World Cup. Back in 1974 when it first held the World Cup, only sixteen sides took part, including the now-defunct German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Zaire. The latter were the only representative from the African continent and conceded fourteen goals with no reply. // The 2006 tournament will be a vastly different affair. Thirty-two teams will have qualified, including five from Africa, all of whom now perform at a far higher level. These performances bear witness to FIFA' s efforts in the last quarter of a century to help me nations of the football world to compete on an equal footing. I will have the immense pleasure of welcoming you amongst my friends in Germany. We look forward to seeing you in 2006 to celebrate this unity! //

问答题And we do expect to grow quickly with your help, and this effort will proceed on a number of parallel tracks. First, a major applied research and development effort to improve design, lower costs, and develop global industry standards for cookstoves. There are already some good stoves out there, but we can make them much more durable, efficient, and affordable, and scale up production to reach a mass market. With the right advances, new stoves could even use their own wasted heat to produce electricity that powers smoke-clearing fans, mobile phones, and even household lights.

问答题{{B}} 第一篇{{/B}} 到1999年春季，美国环境保护署和中国国家环境保护总局(SEPA)的官员签订了一个协议备忘录，建立了两国在排污权交易和酸雨控制方面的双边示范项目。在签字仪式上召开的国际研讨会上，与会者通过介绍了解了美国环境保护协会与中国地方城市之间的合作项目，这也是到目前为止唯一的一项实地项目。中国国家环境保护总局将美国环境保护协会的项目整理成正式文件，作为中国官方在这个双边项目中的贡献。该文件对美国环保协会所做的工作做了正式的介绍。//此外，中国国家环境保护总局指定美国环保协会和它的合作伙伴一起监督中美酸雨及排污权交易项目的案例研究。美国环保协会于1999年12月首次组织召开了两国双边会议。这些新的进展恰好给双方合作提供了高层信息传递的媒介以及所需要的官方关注。// 美国环保协会还继续利用其丰富的经验以及与美国国内决策者之间的关系网来加强其能力和基础设施的建设。美国环保协会最近在美国接待了该示范项目的主要参与者，安排他们与美国同行见面，并参加了今年10月在华盛顿召开的第二次双边会议。// 美国环境保护协会相信，总量控制是中国环境政策的一大新进展。它让人们明确地认识到，有效的政策之所以重要在于它是对总排放量进行控制而不只是对浓度进行限制。美国是世界上唯一在该环境政策方面总结出大量可靠经验的国家。//如果中国想在环境管理系统方面进行转型，即改变原来的以降低不断增加的环保负担为目标但并不能有效地保护人类健康和环境的管理系统，使其包括切实可行的、与持续的经济发展相适应的排放限量规定，那么将总量控制视为成功的发展途径就是至关重要的了。// (选自美国环境保护协会中国代表张建宇先生在博鳌亚洲论坛2002年年会上的发言“中国的排污权交易”)

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} 中国经济高速发展，需要大量的矿产品及相关的能源与原材料加工制品。每年消耗的矿石量达60多亿吨，位居世界前列。 中国政府为实现经济的可持续发展，在矿产资源勘查、开发领域制定了一系列的法律、法规和政策，形成了既适合中国国情又基本与国际接轨的矿产资源勘查、开发政策法律体系。中国政府积极履行人世承诺，主动调整了法律法规和行政职能，建立了一个多元、稳定的矿产资源贸易体系，保障了出口矿产品的市场和进口矿产品货源的稳定。 经过科学探测，我们对我国矿产资源的分布有了更清楚的认识：中国煤炭和石油的特点是资源丰富但结构不理想。煤炭资源蕴藏量大，煤种齐全，但优质炼焦用煤和无烟煤储量不多；分布广泛，但储量丰度悬殊，东少西多，北丰南贫。中国石油资源储量大，是世界可采资源量大于150亿吨的10个国家之一，但是资源的探明程度低，陆上探明石油地质储量仅占全部资源的20%，近海海域的探明程度更低；分布比较集中，大于10万平方千米的14个盆地的石油资源量占全国的73%；油气资源埋藏深，地质条件复杂。 中国矿产资源遍布于全国各地，但因所处大地构造带和成矿地质条件的不同，各地区矿产资源分布不均，其矿种、储量、质量差异较大，形成了东、中、西部各地域矿产资源的不同特征。西部地区矿产资源分布集中，比较优势突出，具备形成优势支柱产业的资源基础。全国已查明资源储量的157种矿产中，西部地区拥有138种。此外，西部地区的有色金属储量丰富，不少金属和非金属矿石也具有较高的品质等级。 我们将本着建设一个资源节约型社会的精神，合理开发和利用我国的矿产资源，推动发展循环经济，以造福于全人类。

问答题The next time you sit down with your own family to eat, please take a moment to imagine the smell of smoke, feel it in your lungs, see the soot building up on the walls, and then come find us at the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. Hearths, whatever they look like, and wherever we gather around them, where we tell our stories and pass down our values, bind families together. And the benefits from this initiative will be cleaner and safer homes, and that will, in turn, ripple out for healthier families, stronger communities, and more stable societies. So we are excited because we think this is actually a problem we can solve.

问答题Passage 2下面你将听到一段题为“说聪明”的论述。 聪明的人，智力发达、记忆和理解能力也强。聪明是好事，是财富，应好好利用，用于进步，用于获取知识，用于为祖国为人民做好事，为大家也为自己好。应该承认，人和人不一样，有的人就是聪明。周恩来就是一个聪明的人，早在年轻的时候，他的一个同龄人就说过：“周恩来浑身都是聪明。” 但是，周恩来一生取得那么多伟大成就靠什么呢?靠的是努力，是刻苦，是呕心沥血，是鞠躬尽瘁，是对祖国、对党、对人民的无限忠诚。中国之大，人口之多，相信比周恩来聪明的人大有人在，但有几个能像周恩来那样永远留在人民心中呢? 聪明的人加上努力是最好的，是最能成功的。能做到聪明加努力的人常常并不认为自己是聪明的。相反，他总觉得自己的聪明还很不够，所以非常努力。新的发明创造无不是聪明人总结实践经验，进行反复验证，经过苦思冥想，刻苦钻研出来的，而不是不费气力地依赖聪明自然而然地长出来的。 不努力，即使聪明的人也会一事无成。不努力本身就很不聪明。由此可见，成功秘诀的首要一点还是努力而不是聪明。再说聪明又是从哪里来的呢?不可否认有遗传的因素，但如果一个天生聪明的孩子不上学，不进行很多后天的训练，恐怕就很难再聪明下去了。就绝大多数情况来说，人的聪明是经过后天的努力培育出来的。

问答题对于中美省州长对话，我有三个期待：

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} It is a great honor for me to speak at one of China's great academic institutions -- one that is helping to revive and maintain your country's historic tradition of leading the world in science and technology, and one whose alumni are to be found in positions of leadership throughout the country. Here, as in so many other places in China, no visitor can help feeling the excitement of a great country developing at breakneck speed, and every day opening up new vistas of knowledge and opportunity to its citizens. You can be really proud of your country and what it has achieved in the last 25 years.// As I look out over the young faces in this audience I cannot help envying the international students -- more than a thousand, I am told, from over 50 countries -- who have the privilege of sharing your learning experience here. It reminds me for a moment of my own student days, when my country, Ghana, was newly independent. We felt we were suddenly reaching out to the world, and making new discoveries every day. But then I also remember that times of rapid change can bring pain and confusion, even destruction, as well as progress and excitement.// The more rapid and exciting it is, the more change calls for careful management, and wise, humane leadership. Order and stability have to be preserved, but without choking off the freedom to enquire, and experiment, and express oneself, since -- as you young researchers know better than anyone -- knowledge and science have a vital role in national development. And technical expertise needs to be harnessed to the development and security of society as a whole, so that it not only creates greater wealth for the few, but enables all citizens to feel safer and more prosperous.// The development of such a great country as China cannot happen in isolation. It affects the whole world, and it draws you into new relationships with other parts of the world. Increasingly, your economy depends on exchanges with other countries -- both imports and exports, of both goods and capital. Foreign investment plays an essential role in your growth, while your holdings of foreign currencies -- and your management of your own currency -- are coming to play a vital part in the international monetary system. This means that you have a stake in the development and prosperity of the wider world. And your security, too, depends on international peace and stability.// Your Government shows that it understands this, by the role that it plays in the United Nations, and elsewhere. And, increasingly, Chinese citizens are called on to take risks, and make sacrifices, in the interests of global security. It was impressive to see, in our newspapers the other day, pictures of Chinese policemen in blue helmets preparing to join the United Nations mission in Haiti -- an island buffeted by both human and meteorological storms, which is literally on the far side of the world from here. So I am here, in part, to express the world's gratitude. Clearly, you in China have understood, as your saying goes, that we all "share the same breath". Human misery knows no frontiers, and nor should human solidarity.//

问答题女士们，先生们，朋友们： 中国中央政府的支持和全国各族人民的无私援助，加上突出的区域资源优势，使西藏的发展面临前所未有的机遇。但是，由于自然、历史等原因，与中国沿海兄弟省市相比，西藏仍属于欠发达地区，也面临着一些问题和挑战： 一是西藏经济基础薄弱，自我积累和自我发展能力还不强； 二是西藏基础设施还难以满足经济社会发展的需要，能源供需矛盾尤为突出； 三是发展环境需要继续优化，招商引资力度有待进一步加强； 四是商品意识不强，市场化程度还不高，特色产业的发展与规模化、市场化的要求还有较大差距； 五是各地区自然、经济条件差异大，发展不平衡，特别是农牧区社会事业发展仍然滞后，农牧民增收的长效机制尚需进一步探索建立； 六是生态环境脆弱，生态建设和环境保护任务繁重。 我们深知，要把握好机遇、应对好挑战，实现西藏各族人民更加幸福的生活，还需要长期的艰苦奋斗，付出无尽的艰辛汗水。西藏的发展还有很长的路要走。同时，我们深信，在中央政府的正确领导下，在全国13亿人民的无私支援下，在包括意大利在内的世界各国友人的真诚关心下，经过西藏各族人民的团结奋斗，我们一定能够成功开创一条有中国特色、西藏特点的发展路子，实现经济社会更好更快更大的发展，将国西藏发展成为生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的社会主义新西藏。 意大利作为文明古国，在现代化建设方面取得了巨大成就，积累了丰富经验。我们真减希望，各位意大利朋友能够为西藏的发展建设提出宝贵意见。同时，我们也十分愿意和你们在经济、文化、学术等各领域开展交流合作。 谢谢大家!

问答题Mr. Vice Premier, the Finance Minister, Mr. Mayor, Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me, first of all, return the compliment, on behalf of all of us, to you, Mr. Vice Premier, to you, Mr.Minister, and you, Mr. Mayor, for the great contribution that you have made to the success of this meeting. Idon't think any of us could have imagined a more well-organized conference or a more warm welcome thanyou have given us here in Shanghai, and I would like everyone to join me in expressing our thanks to you.[TONE]∥[TONE] I would like to make just two general comments. The first is that all of us have to work politically to ensure that poverty and the alleviation of poverty arecentral on the global agenda. I believe that today it is not central on the global agenda. I believe that todaylip service is given to the question of poverty. The real issues today that seem to be on the mind of theworld—terrorism, Iraq, Afghanistan, the budget deficits—are the visible problems that must be dealt with,that are immediate, while attention is given less to the equally inevitable and the equally dangerous problemsthat come with poverty. [TONE]∥[TONE] We must deal with the question of social equity and social justice. Because without dealing with thatquestion of poverty, there can't be any peace, and $900 billion being spent on military expenditure, $300billion being spent on agricultural subsidies, and $50- or $60 billion being spent on overseas developmentassistance is one of the absurdities that we have to change. [TONE]∥[TONE] And the second and last thing I'd like to say is that we have talked about economics, we have talkedabout advances that must be made for social justice, and we've talked about steps that need to be taken inempowerment and in the methodologies that we can use to scale up. [TONE]∥[TONE] But the one thing that we have not talked about and that I think all of us need to recognize is that if weare to be effective in advocating the case for poverty reduction, and hopefully eradication, is that we have to do it with a sense of belief that what we are doing is right. We should be addressing the question of poverty not just from economics, but because dealing with equity and social justice is right. [TONE]∥[TONE] We should not be afraid to say that there is a human content in what we're doing, but there is alsoa moral and, if you like, spiritual content in what we're doing. We are not here just as economists. Weare here because we owe every human being in the world an opportunity and a chance to fulfill theirdestiny. [TONE]∥[TONE] And so going out from this meeting I hope we feel a little bit uplifted and a little bit responsible to goout from here to deal with the question of scaling up of poverty alleviation because it's right, and as membersof the human race, it's something that we should do. Thank you very much to our hosts, and thank you all for being here. [TONE]∥[TONE]

问答题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, First of all, I wish to congratulate the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) and the Interpol on the success of this conference, a conference which has attracted over 500 delegates including anti-corruption experts, law enforcers, representatives from world organizations, and financial institutions and academia from around the world. It is indeed a great honour for Hong Kong to co-host this global conference with the world's preeminent organisation. I would also like to extend my warmest welcome to all our participants, who come from all over the world and yet share a commitment to the same cause. The participation of 65 law enforcement agencies from more than 59 jurisdictions and eight international organisations in this conference reflects a truly global partnership in fighting corruption. Corruption is a social crime. Its adverse effects on a society can be very significant if left unchecked. It can erode the rule of law, undermine the efficiency of governments, stifle economic development, and in some cases may trigger social and political unrest. With accelerated economic globalization and rapid advances in technology, corruption today transcends national boundaries, and has taken on a new dimension. It has become a means to facilitate and perpetuate syndicated crimes, including international money laundering schemes, massive commercial fraud scams, cross-border drug trafficking, smuggling of human beings and many other serious crimes. To tackle corruption as a global issue and a cross-border crime, we need a global approach and a border-less alliance. Hong Kong's ICAC and Interpol have built up a very solid relationship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of international co-operation and strategic alliance. Hong Kong is a premier international financial center and is widely recognised as one of the most competitive and freest economies in the world. Among the many fundamental strengths that Hong Kong possesses, I am particularly proud that we are rated as one of the least corrupt places in the world. Despite these achievements, there is no room for complacency. At the moment, we are facing tremendous challenges as our economy grapples with restructuring. This conference provides a valuable forum for all participants to share experiences and to exchange ideas and initiatives for tackling corruption. I am sure everyone here will benefit in one way or another. Ladies and Gentlemen, I now declare the Conference open, and wish you a fruitful and very memorable stay in Hong Kong. Thank you.

问答题2009年2月27日下午，中国机电进出B商会和英中贸易协会在伦敦共同举办中英经贸合作研讨会，中英两国企业界人士600多人与会，中国商务部长陈德铭在研讨会上致辞，以下为讲话全文： 尊敬的曼德尔森大臣， 尊敬的傅莹大使， 各位企业家，女士们，先生们： 下午好! 今天，由中国机电产品进出口商会和英中贸易协会组织的中英经贸合作研讨会在这里隆重开幕。在此，我谨代表中华人民共和国商务部表示衷心的祝贺!今天，中英两国政府和工商界的人士聚集在这里，围绕“新挑战、新机遇”这一主题，深入探讨应对危机、共谋发展的重大举措，具有十分重要的现实意义。在此，我预祝研讨会取得成功! 毋庸置疑，这场国际金融危机，使世界经济陷入上世纪大萧条以来最困难的境地。作为一个外向度较高的发展中国家，中国的经济发展，特别是对外贸易投资也受NT较大的冲击。从2008年11月份开始，中国进出口贸易连续三个月出现负增长，吸收外商直接投资出现了明显下滑趋势。我们也注意到，英国经济增长和就业也遭受了严重打击。双边贸易也受到负面影响，今年1月，中英双边贸易额同比下降21.6%，下降幅度之大、速度之快是罕见的。 当前，为应对危机和挑战，世界各国纷纷出台了应对措施，这对提振信心、缓解危机起到了重要作用。但在危机面前，仅仅依靠单个国家的努力远远不够，因为在经济全球化趋势下，当今的世界经济舞台已经形成了“你中有我，我中有你”的局面。世界经济发展的历史早已证明，在危机面前，封闭与保护没有出路，开放与合作才是正途。此次我率领中国贸易投资促进团访英，就是落实温家宝总理本月初“信心之旅”的一次重要后续活动，充分表明了中国政府在困难形势下，以实际行动反对贸易保护主义的态度与决心。 新挑战中往往蕴含着新的机遇。对于中英两国来说，危机将促使我们延伸和拓宽互利合作的内涵。目前，中国各级政府和部门，正在积极落实保持经济稳定增长的各项举措。伴随大规模民生工程、基础设施和生态环境等领域的建设，包括英资企业在内的数十万家在华外资企业将分享这些新的商机。我在中国各地调研过程中，感受到许多中国企业特别是民营企业，对欧优势技术和装备的采购具有浓厚的兴趣。作为中国在欧盟中的第三大贸易伙伴和累计第一大对华投资国，中英两国在生物、信息、环保、低碳经济、能源科技、新材料、医药卫生等领域，拥有巨大的合作潜力。中国还是世界服务贸易和高档消费品增长最快的市场。这意味着英国大量知名品牌产品以及金融、分销、设计、咨询等服务业企业，会有更多机会参与中国市场的竞争。当然，也会有越来越多的中国企业具备与英国企业合作的实力。我们鼓励中英双方企业在各个领域扩大交流和深化合作，共同分享宝贵的发展机遇。 女士们，先生们： 尽管当前我们遇到了严峻的挑战，但以科技进步和生产要索全球配置为基础的经济全球化趋势不会逆转，各国经济相互联系和依赖的程度仍将继续加强。英国是自由贸易思想的发源地，亚当·斯密的理论影响了200多年来的国际贸易实践。选择在这里作为我们此次贸易投资促进团的最后一站，赋予了此次活动更加特殊的意义。我们一路走过来，无论是老朋友还是新伙伴，无论是签订合同或者仅仅是洽谈意向，大家都进行了坦诚而深入的沟通，取得了许多有形和无形的丰硕成果。更为重要的是，我们向外界传递了秉持开放心态、携手合作、共渡难关的诚意和信心。我们坚信，未来商机无限，春天终将来临。 谢谢大家。

问答题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} 中国人历来重视教育，实施“独生子女”政策后尤为如此。中国家庭的平均教育支出约占其收入的15%，而据中国社会调查所的一项研究成果显示，有43%的家庭都设立了专门账户，用来支付孩子的教育费用。 近年来，私立学校也开始在中国流行起来。这些学校鼓励校方和家长共同为学校募集办学资金。现在每个在校生的教育费用有三分之一来自政府以外的渠道。 在中国，考取大学的竞争十分激烈，因而越来越多的学生选择到国外，特别是英国深造。现在去英国深造的中国学生人数超过了任何一个西方国家。据中国驻英使馆统计，目前英国共有6.5万名中国留学生。这些学生每年为英国大学带来高达2.5亿英镑的学费收入。 在建国以来的55年里，中国在教育方面取得了巨大的进步。据联合国称，1949年中国的文盲率高达80%，而到了2002年中国的文盲率已降至15%以下。 尽管如此，据联合国统计，中国的人均教育经费在129个国家里仅名列第100名。中国政府意识到，要提高这一世界排名，还需要投入更多的资源。 为了进一步提高教育水平，中国政府计划到2010年将教育经费增加到占国内生产总值4%的水平。而在10年前，教育经费只占当年国内生产总值的2.6%。

问答题今天，我有机会同东盟九国的领导人首次会晤，探讨发展中国与东盟各国面向二十一世纪的友好合作，感到十分高兴。首先，我对东盟成立三十周年，表示热烈的祝贺。 我相信，这次会晤将标志着中国与尔盟关系进入一个新的发展阶段。 我这次来，是抱着积极参与、扩大共识、增进互信、加强合作的目的，与东盟各国领导人共同探讨双方未来的发展目标和指导方针。 我们正处在世纪之交的重要时刻，应该以长远的战略眼光审视和处理双方关系，建立中国与东盟面向二十一世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。这不仅符合时代的潮流，有利于中国和东盟各国的根本利益，也有利于推动建立公正合理的国际新秩序，有利于促进亚洲与世界和平与发展的崇高事业。 中国人民和东盟各国人民都是勤劳勇敢、聪明智慧的人民，自古以来就在自己的土地上创造了灿烂的文明，形成了具有东方色彩的优秀文化传统，为人类的进步做出了重要的贡献。中国与东盟各国或山水相连，或隔海相望，在悠久的交往中，人民之间形成了深厚的传统友谊。 中国和东盟国家都发生了沧海巨变。中国人民经过一个世纪的奋斗和牺牲，实现了民族解放，建立了新中国，又经几十年的努力，把自己国家建设成为一个初步繁荣昌盛的社会主义国家。东盟国家人民经过长期的艰苦奋斗，挣脱殖民主义的枷锁，赢得民族独立，在建设自己国家的过程中取得了令人称道的成就。 悠久的传统友谊，相似的历史遭遇，维护和平与发展经济的共同愿望，是加强中国与东盟各国睦邻互信、友好合作的历史和现实的重要基础。中国历来十分重视发展与东盟的关系，支持东盟在地区和国际事务中发挥积极作用。近十年来，中国与东盟各国和东盟组织的关系取得了长足进展。特别是中国与东盟成为全面对话伙伴以来，双方的关系发展到了一个新的水平。 展望二十一世纪，可以坚信，中国与东盟各国的发展、繁荣和友好合作，前景将更加美好。