问答题Reporter: Mr.Vice Minister,could you briefus on Shanghai's applying to host the 2010 World Exposition?王：实际上并不是上海在申办，而是中国政府在申办。国际社会普遍认为世博会是经济、文化和科学领域内的奥林匹克。世博会向各地人民提供一个相识、共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播、 发展和应用，从而提高人民的生活水平。Reporter: Then，do you think conditions are now ripe for China to apply?王：中国一直是在积极参与在世界各地举办的世博会的活动。如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。Reporter: I've just read an article in the New York Times that says“Shanghai is bull dozing away its past”，meaning that skyscrapers are replacing the old houses in order to turn the city into a modern one．The criticism is that the city's modernization is at the expense of the destruction of its cultural relics．How would you react to that?王：我们中国人和外国游客都认为上海是东西方文化的结合体。20年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上海很多的历史遗迹，他们得到了更好的保护。你要是看一看上海市政府提出的申办主题就会明白，我们的目的是既要引进和发展现代的东西，同时又要保持这个城市的传 统文化特点。

问答题A: 首先祝贺您荣膺本届奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。您知道，我们中国人一直有一个“奥斯卡情结”。能否请您谈谈看法? B: Thanks. Actually I've been an ardent fan of Chinese kungfu movies. And you know, some talented Chinese directors, like Zhang Yimou, Chen Kaige, and of course, An Lee, have already shown the great charm and potential of Chinese movies. They took in the last decade or so almost all film awards one by one, big or small, except Oscar. So, I can predict with great confidence they will win a heap of Oscar titles in ten years' time. A: 有人说，一年一度的奥斯卡金像奖没什么特别的，它只不过是一场游戏罢了。请问您怎么看? B: To some extent, yes. It is a game, a grand, happy game by Americans and in the American way. When it is finished, you needn't think about it any longer. It may benefit many people and boost their celebrity. For example, if an actor wins an Oscar, he or she will be able to sign five films the next year, each valued more than 10 million US dollars. All these are concrete things, but these aside, it is only a game, nothing special. A: 虽说是一场游戏，但为什么每年都会在全球范围内搞得沸沸扬扬，引发出那么多话题呢? B: Well, the reason is quite obvious — the American film industry is too strong! Most American films are commercial and they dominate the globe with their high box-office income and large market share. So Americans happily play such a grand game every year, making the whole world reel around it. My keenest feeling is only when a country becomes a decisive force on the international arena can its cultural products be influential. I believe that's the real reason why you Chinese, or even people all over the world, are unable to shake off their Oscar complex.

问答题中国国务院新闻办主任赵启正在开幕式上说，中美两国是两个伟大的国家，它们之间的关系不仅对本国十分重要，而且对世界的和平和发展也十分重要。 1972年尼克松总统第一次访问中国时说，对美国人民来说，远隔太平洋的中国是一个遥远而神秘的国度，将近30年后的今天，这种神秘感显然是减少了，但两国之间的了解比应该达到的程度仍相差很远。 人民之间的了解和友谊是两国关系的基石，“2000年中国文化美国行”就是为铺筑这样的基石而努力。

问答题If you want to run a company well, you should remember that there are four general policies to follow with employees. First, pay them what they are worth. When people begin with your company, they are rarely worth what they are paid, because you are investing in their future productivity. You should pay people low at the start, with higher payments once they are established and productive. And be open about the monetary value of the additional perks they get. Second, you should make employees feel important. Build them positively and openly when praise is deserved. Temper this with negative motivation, pointing out where minor shortcomings are diluting the success that could be enjoyed. Avoid complacency by keeping employees slightly off-balance. Third, make employees think for themselves. Sometimes by being nonspecific, you create the environment where employees adapt other ideas and learn how to apply them in the new situation. Fourth, separate office life from social life. It is impossible to let your hair down with someone one night, and come down hard on them the next day. You should also remember that if you have to fire employees, take a creative approach. Try to find a job for them somewhere else, and let the other company steal them away. However, if extreme action is called for, act decisively while respecting the feelings of the employee. Never expect from your employees anything that you are not willing to do yourself. It's more than a clich—it is sound business practice.

问答题John: Eh, Lao Wang, long time no see. You seem to have put on a lot of weight.王：你好，约翰。好久没见啦!你来北京几年了?听说别人都管你叫“有中国特色的老外”，这是怎么回事呀?John: It's been five years since I came to work here. People like me have become absorbed into local life. Our Chinese friends call us "foreigners with Chinese characteristics".王：刚才你叫我的时候，先喊了一声“哎”，这就很有中国特色。John: Well, it just came out. You know, whenever I feel exhausted from the Beijing heat and pressure of work, I often let out a loud ai-yoh, to express my stressful feeling at the time. The Chinese staff were first so impressed and then got used to it.王：那除了这些，你还学会了什么其他地道的中国交流方式?John: We westerners are taught not to ask personal questions like, "How old are you?" "How much do you earn?" or "Are you married?" But now we ask these questions freely and gaily.王：大家出去吃饭的时候，你们老外也都抢着买单吗?John: Right. We never go Dutch. Why should we if all our Chinese friends around us never do so? We also know that we don't need to tip，which is common in the west. Think of the numerous times one eats out in China, it's a substantial saving.王：听说你们买东西特别会讨价还价，比我们中国人还厉害。John: We will bargain everywhere and with anything we buy. Some of us even do so in supermarket without feeling embarrassed.王：你还挺入乡随俗的。John: Even if I love Chinese culture so much, there is one place I draw the line. I refuse to sit on a park bench, roll up my trouser legs to expose pale knees and then roll up my shirt to expose my stomach. I know this is a way some locals cool down on these hot, humid summer days. but I guess this is something I will not follow.

问答题This is a terrible disease, for which we do not yet have a cure. Nor do we have a vaccine. Meanwhile, the mortality rate for AIDS is 100 percent. AIDS means that the immune system of a person has gone wrong. The immune system is the biological system in your body which fights off diseases. This system is composed mostly of what are commonly termed "white blood cells." These cells are the hunters in the body. When a virus, such as the common cold, invades the body, the white blood cells rush to the invader and kill it. While these blood cells are busy killing an invader, the body's immune system is said to "be under attack." If another virus or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader, the second attacker has a better chance of injuring the rest of the body's system. Scientists found the virus that causes AIDS and named it HIV. The HIV virus attacks the white blood cells and kills them, thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their important work of killing the other invading viruses. We cannot tell if a person has an HIV infection just by looking at him. And here lies part of the problem about the spread of HIV infection among people. For at least the first few years after a person has contracted the HIV virus, there are no indications that the person has the HIV virus in his/her bloodstream. However, during this time the person carrying the virus can pass it onto other people through intimate sexual relations or sharing blood with them. Then how do we know if we have HIV or not? The answer is simple. Have an HIV blood test. This simple, painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes of your time, and, if you are at all in doubt about whether you might have contracted the HIV virus, it is a life-saving endeavor.

问答题Reporter: Good morning, Ms. Dong. I know you have come all the way across the town to work here as a volunteer. How did you get here?董女士：我早上5点起床，先坐公共汽车，再换地铁，路上花2个小时。我上午要给孤儿院的孩子讲故事，跟他们做游戏。Reporter: I know you have been helping an eight-year-old girl for the past few years. Could you tell us more about it?董女士：她叫小红，4岁时出了车祸，失去了一条腿，父母又没有稳定收入。我帮她装上了假肢，还安排她上了学。Reporter: She is lucky to have you helping her. Well, I know you are also paying regular visits to a nursing home for the elderly.董女士：是啊，在敬老院，我主要是陪着老人，跟他们说话。那儿的老人大多都七八十岁，他们总爱念叨从前的事情。老人们说的都是几十年前的事儿，而且每次都是同样的话，我从不打断他们。只要他们在回忆，对大脑就是一种锻炼，就有好处。Reporter: Doing volunteer work, you have to put in a lot of time and care. What do you find so rewarding about this?董女士：中国现在有两千多万义工。我觉得做义工与其说是奉献，不如说是一种习惯、一种生活方式。我每次做义工都特高兴，一踏进敬老院的大门，看到老人们在盼着我，这种感觉真是幸福!我自己也惊讶，这些小事使自己变得更加快乐。Reporter: Thank you, Ms. Dong.

问答题A：在中国，出门旅行是一件很平常的事。如果一个中国人在国内旅行，除了要带上钱或信用卡，还需要带上身份证。 B：Yes，indeed．ID card is one of the most authoritative certificates issued by the government to show a person's status．It is very useful for a person who travels around the country．And I know that a driving license cannot be used to identify a person's status in China． A：你说的对。和中国众多的人口相比，有驾照的还是少数。中国从1985年开始颁发身份证，到现在有八亿多居民拥有身份证。 B：ID cards are issued to the Chinese citizens aged 16 or above．Citizens who are below that age，if they want，can also apply． A：生活中常会用到身份证。比如，坐飞机，住旅店，从邮局取包裹，登记交税，申请驾照，或是到了任何需要出示身份证的地方，都得用身份证。 B：After about 20 years since the issue of the first ID cards，the Ministry of Public Security decided to issue the second generation of ID cards starting from January this year． A：新一代身份证技术含量高。和老卡不同，新卡可以机读。这是中国科学家多年研究的结果。

问答题Ladies and gentlemen, This year marks the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up to the outside world. Our company has been active in China since its first presence here as early as 1872, and has witnessed the rapid growth of China's economy since 1978. China now is not only a market of products to the outside world, but also a country of the source of production, research and development, as well as innovation. The reform and opening up policy is a significantly wise decision that not only helped our company and China, but also the whole world. It is the key success factor for China's economy; it was absolutely the right decision for the country. We can see the fruit of the decision for many years to come. Our company is probably one of the few international companies that have witnessed these 30 years in China. The overall investment climate in China, for an international company is constantly improving. By and large, the transparency of the business environment. the improving intellectual property rights protection, as well as clearer regulations on the labor law and so forth, are helping to improve the investment environment. The competitive situation has also changed. On the one hand, more and more multinational companies are coming here; on the other hand. a lot of very innovative local companies are now on the rise. It's a very fruitful and stimulating atmosphere, which we are enjoying very much.

问答题Mike: Let's go get something to eat．I am starving．李：我也有点饿。正好，前面有家麦当劳。Mike: There is always a McDonald's up ahead．Everywhere you turn there is another blasted McDonald's．They arejust too convenient．I amjust plain sick ofseeing the“Golden Arches”everywhere I turn．Do you know that there are over 8,000 McDonald's res- taurants in the U.S.alone and over 11,000 franchises worldwide?By the year 2020， everyone will eat at McDonald's every day．李： 反正我爱吃汉堡包。现在全世界好像没有几个地方没有麦当劳，卖出的汉堡包都超过1000亿个了。光中国这几年就建了几百家，小孩都到那儿过生日。当然，也不是每种产品都好吃，可起码都很标准，不管什么时候去吃，汉堡包都是一个样儿。Mike: Whatever you say．I just don't think their food is all that great．By the way，do you know that theirs pokesman，Ronald McDonald,is now recognized by 96% of all American children?They are the largest minimum—wage employers in America and own more real estate than any other company on earth．What is more，they say that one of every seven American millionaires got their start at McDonald's．李：别说了，我都要饿死了。Mike: But I just lost my appetite．

问答题There is a lot of difference between the East and the West when it comes to leadership and authority. In the West, leadership often tends to be task-focused and straightforward. East Asian managers, however, tend to focus more on determining who is awarded a role or task. In the East, the personal relationship often determines who gets to do what. In the traditional East Asian culture, the boss is all-powerful and the organizational hierarchy is a critical element of managing an organization or business. As a boss, you are expected to know all the answers and be the source of clear direction. In the East, people expect the boss to instruct and lead at all times, and staff will wait for that instruction and thus be heavily dependent on the boss. This means that people lower down the organization tend to take less initiative and ownership. This is a behavior that might be viewed by some Western managers as avoiding responsibility. Titles are also very important. First names are not appropriate and people use formal titles to address the boss, thus formality and respect must be observed. As many people might already know, managing conflict in public or at open meetings is largely avoided in the East. In East Asia, losing face is a major taboo. It is viewed as something quite shameful. Addressing difficult problems at an open meeting that results in someone being criticized is a big mistake. That is not to say that East Asian managers do not have conflicts with each other. Rather they will deal with any conflicts in private and in a confidential manner. At open meetings, East Asian managers are likely to be indirect and reserved. They will handle differences in a soft and circuitous way. In the West you tend to be quite happy to address problems at an open forum. It is often viewed as a positive experience. Conflict is often dealt with in an open and direct way, that is, where problems occur, they are frequently dealt with head on.

问答题女士们，先生们： 英国以其灿烂的文化，众多的发明创造为世界文明和进步做出了巨大的贡献，也对中国社会的发展产生了重要的影响。改革开放以来，中国积极提倡学习、吸收包括英国在内的世界各国先进的科学技术、管理经验和优秀文化成果，以促进自己的现代化进程。中国一贯重视英国在欧洲及世界的地位和作用。中英都是联合国安理会常任理事国，在维护世界和平、促进共同发展方面肩负着重大责任，也存在着广泛的共同利益。我们应该站在战略高度，以长远眼光来看待中英关系，希望双方多来往，多了解，多协商，多合作。

问答题A: 在中国，出门旅行是一件很平常的事。如果一个中国人在国内旅行，除了要带上钱或信用卡，还需要带上身份证。B: Yes．indeed．ID card is one of the most authoritative certificates issued by the government to show a person's status．It is very useful for a person who travels around the country．And I know that a driving license cannot be used to identify a person's status in China．A: 你说的对。和中国众多的人口相比，有驾照的还是少数。中国从1985年开始 颁发身份证，到现在有八亿多居民拥有身份证。B: ID cards are issued to the Chinese citizens aged 16 or above．Citizens who are below that age，if they want，can also apply．A: 生活中常会用到身份证。比如，坐飞机，住旅店，从邮局取包裹，登记交税，申请驾照，或是到了任何需要出示身份证的地方，都得用身份证。B: After about 20 years since the issue of the first ID cards，the Ministry of Public Security decided to issue the second generation of ID cards starting from January this year．A: 新一代身份证技术含量高。和老卡不同，新卡可以机读。这是中国科学家多年研究的结果。

问答题On August 31, 1997, Lady Diana Spencer, former wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, was killed with her companion Dodi Fayed in a car accident in Paris. Tests conducted by French police indicated that the driver, who also died in the crash, was intoxicated and likely caused the accident while trying to escape the paparazzi photographers who consistently tailed Diana during any public outing. Sixteen years earlier, nearly four billion people in 74 countries had tuned in to witness the marriage of Prince Charles, heir to the British throne, to Lady Diana, a young English school teacher. Married in a grand ceremony at St Paul"s Cathedral in the presence of 2,650 guests, the couple"s romance was for the moment the envy of the world. However, before long the fairy-tale couple grew apart, an experience that was particularly painful under the ubiquitous eyes of the world"s tabloid media. In August 1996, two months after Queen Elizabeth II urged the couple to divorce, the prince and princess reached a final agreement. In exchange for a generous settlement, and the right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace and her title of princess, Diana agreed to relinquish the title of "Her Royal Highness" and any future claims to the British throne. In the year between the divorce and her fatal car accident, the popular princess seemed well on her way of achieving her dream of becoming "a queen in people"s hearts."

问答题赵：“地球日”是怎么回事?什么时候开始的?都取得了哪些成就? Smith: Earth Day was started in 1970．It was set to help raise the general public"s environ- mental awareness．For one thing，it provides a special day to remind people to take care of the Earth．It also gives special interest and environmental groups an opportunity to motivate their memb~s to take action in their communities． 赵：听起来不错。可就在环保取得成绩的同时，人口膨胀、臭氧层空洞、全球气候变暖这些问题一点也没有改善。地球人口越多，资源消耗的越多，产生的垃圾也越多，到时连种粮食的地都没有了怎么办?对此我们决不可掉以轻心。 Smith: That is certainly true．By the year 2005，there will be 7 billion people on the planet．I personally think that recycling is the answer．Paper，metal，rubber，oil，and many other materials are going to have to be recycled on a much greater scale．Everyone will have to be involved．Perhaps even special legislation will be required．It is true that we are losing millions of hectares every year to housing and roads．But there is still a lot of undeveloped land that could be used for both farming and housing．And science and technology is helping us to get more out of the land that is used for farming． 赵：那么今年“地球日”你打算都干点什么呢? Smith: I will probably attend our city"s annual Earth Day celebrations and thenhelp pick up the mountain of garbage leftover．

问答题A：我是新华社的记者。请问，作为乌干达的财政、计划与经济发展部的部长，您认为乌中两国的经济合作基础如何? B：Uganda is the fifth largest coffee producer in the world and its coffee sector earns almost 60 percent of the country's total foreign exchange revenue．China has a population of 1.3 billion．If each of them drinks a cup of Uganda's coffee in a month，my country's economy will be boosted greatly． A：那么乌中在咖啡贸易方面已经有了哪些举措? B：One month ago，a Ugandan company signed a contract with a Chinese company to set up a coffee shop in Beijing．Both sides agreed that if initial cooperation is successful，they will set up joint ventures to undertake both coffee production and processing in Uganda． A：乌中两国之间的经济合作，除了咖啡之外，还有别的领域可以合作的吗? B：Besides the coffee industry，there are many other fields in which Uganda and China can cooperate，such as agriculture，mining，manufacturing，infrastructure，tourism and so on．China's technology in some fields is suitable for Uganda's conditions，for instance， its agriculture machinery can serve very well Uganda's agriculture sector．The medium-and small-sized tractors made in China can also be used here for land cultivation and transportation. A：您好像很强调两国之间在农业方面的合作，能否谈谈乌干达的农业发展情况? B：Agriculture is the mainstay of Uganda's economy，which contributes 45 percent of the country's gross domestic product and 80 percent of its export revenue. However, only 8 million out of 40 million hectares of the arable land in the country have been cultivated so far. If China can help us cultivate 20 million hectares of the arable land, Uganda's economy would stride forward by big steps. A：在合作方面，乌干达招商引资的条件和其他相关情况如何? B: On foreign investment in this country, Uganda is indeed a promising country to attract more investors who target Africa as their investment location. Uganda, located in East Africa, has become a bridge linking with Central Africa. In this region, there are some of Africa's most economically stable and important countries. This location, at the heart of sub-Saharan Africa, gives Uganda commanding importance as a base for regional trade and investment. After years of economic reform, the country has achieved macroeconomic stability characterized by low inflation, stable exchange rates and consistently high economic growth. Uganda currently ranks as the fastest growing economy in sub-Saharan Africa. Official statistics show that actual investment in Uganda's agro- processing, manufacturing, energy, tourism, fisheries and many others have reached over 2 billion US dollars in the recent decade.

问答题This is a terrible disease, for which we do not yet have a cure. Nor do we have a vaccine. Meanwhile, the mortality rate for AIDS is 100 percent. AIDS means that the immune system of a person has gone wrong. The immune system is the biological system in your body which fights off diseases. This system is composed mostly of what are commonly termed "white blood cells." These cells are the hunters in the body. When a virus, such as the common cold, invades the body, the white blood cells rush to the invader and kill it. While these blood cells are busy killing an invader, the body"s immune system is said to "be under attack." If another virus or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader, the second attacker has a better chance of injuring the rest of the body"s system. Scientists found the virus that causes AIDS and named it HIV. The HIV virus attacks the white blood cells and kills them, thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their important work of killing the other invading viruses. We cannot tell if a person has an HIV infection just by looking at him. And here lies part of the problem about the spread of HIV infection among people. For at least the first few years after a person has contracted the HIV virus, there are no indications that the person has the HIV virus in his/her bloodstream. However, during this time the person carrying the virus can pass it onto other people through intimate sexual relations or sharing blood with them. Then how do we know if we have HIV or not? The answer is simple. Have an HIV blood test. This simple, painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes of your time, and, if you are at all in doubt about whether you might have contracted the HIV virus, it is a life-saving endeavor.

问答题女士们、先生们： 金秋时节，我来到英国进行正式友好访问，并与在座的工商界朋友欢聚一堂，互相交流，共谋合作，感到格外高兴。 借此机会，我谨向长期致力于促进中英友好交往与合作的朋友们，致以诚挚的问候和衷心的感谢!中英两国都拥有悠久的历史和灿烂的文化，都为人类文明进步作出了不可磨灭的贡献。 两国之间的交往源远流长。56年前，英国在西方大国中率先承认中华人民共和国，并较早同新中国建立了外交关系。 同样在上世纪50年代，英国工商界的一些有识之士冲破重重阻力，进行了著名的“破冰之旅”，使英国成为最早同新中国开展经贸往来的西方大国。

问答题Reporter: Mr.Vice Minister,could you briefus on Shanghai"s applying to host the 2010 World Exposition? 王：实际上并不是上海在申办，而是中国政府在申办。国际社会普遍认为世博会是经济、文化和科学领域内的奥林匹克。世博会向各地人民提供一个相识、共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播、 发展和应用，从而提高人民的生活水平。 Reporter: Then，do you think conditions are now ripe for China to apply? 王：中国一直是在积极参与在世界各地举办的世博会的活动。如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。 Reporter: I"ve just read an article in the New York Times that says“Shanghai is bull dozing away its past”，meaning that skyscrapers are replacing the old houses in order to turn the city into a modern one．The criticism is that the city"s modernization is at the expense of the destruction of its cultural relics．How would you react to that? 王：我们中国人和外国游客都认为上海是东西方文化的结合体。20年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上 海很多的历史遗迹，他们得到了更好的保护。你要是看一看上海市政府提出的申办主题就会明白，我们的目的是既要引进和发展现代的东西，同时又要保持这个城市的传 统文化特点。

问答题Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me start by telling you the story of Beatrice Gakuba. In Rwanda in Africa, I met a remarkable woman whose hard work and determination symbolize the talents and dreams of millions of Africans. Beatrice Gakuba left a comfortable life in the West to start a flower-growing business in her native Rwanda. Against enormous odds, her small farm grew, creating jobs for nearly 200 rural women. When I asked Beatrice Gakuba why she decided to take on such a daunting challenge, she replied, "I came here to grow beautiful flowers on the ashes of genocide." Her biggest obstacle to creating even more jobs is not a lack of skilled workers or entrepreneurial spirit; it is a weak infrastructure that makes electricity unreliable and transportation unaffordable. Through sound policies, Rwanda has come a long way from its years of pain and conflict. In a new report, Rwanda is cited by the World Bank as a model for Africa in reforming business regulations. In the last seven years, Rwanda's economy grew an average of more than 6 percent annually. Some other African countries are on the right track. To transform Africa into a continent of hope, they need our help. The responsibility for doing more and better cannot be left to the developing world alone. It demands more than high profile meetings. It demands urgent result. Today, we have a choice. The direction we take now can help make a difference for the millions of people trapped in extreme poverty. For many, it can be a difference between life and death. We promised here five years ago, to help bring hope, dignity and opportunity into the lives of the poorest. We promised to measure and achieve results. As we gather here today, let us not forget the Beatrice Gakubas of the world, who stand poised to transform their countries. Today, we stand accountable to them. Thank you.