单选题The United States Social Security Act, enacted in 1935, contained three major programs a retirement fund, unemploymentinsurance, and welfare grants for local distribute

单选题The distinguishing feature of a fluid, in contrast to a solid, is the ease __________

单选题According to the passage, when did archaeologists begin to be able to understand tablets inscribed in Sumerian?

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单选题Anyone with absolute, or perfect, pitch (are) able to identify by ear (any) note at (some)standard pitch or to (sing) a specified note at will.

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单选题Magnesium (has little) structural strength and must be (alloyed) with another metals (such as) aluminum and zinc when it is (to be subjected) to stress.

单选题1 By the decades just before the Civil War of the 1860s, the Southern states had developed an economic culture distinct from that of the North. The economy of the South depended largely on two things: cotton and slave labor. Because of the rising demand for cotton from the mills of England, and the invention of the cotton gin in 1793, the cotton production of the South increased tremendously. In 1790, cotton output had been 9,000 bales a year, but by the 1850s, output had soared to five million bales. In the South, cotton was "king." The most readily available source of labor was the institution of slavery. Thus, cotton and slavery became interdependent, and the South grew more reliant on both. 2 This was in sharp contrast to the North, where farming was becoming more mechanized and diversified. Northern farmers would boast of improvements in the form of new roads, railways, and machinery, and of the production of a variety of crops. In the South, however, farmers bought laborers instead of equipment, and a man's social status depended on the number of slaves he owned. The economic differences between the two regions would ultimately lead to armed conflict and the social restructuring of the South.

单选题Report on Beluga Whales Student: Hello, Dr. Christianson. Professor: Hello, Rosemarie, what can I do for you? Student: Well, I need ______ on beluga whales. Next Wednesday I am ______ class and hand my report in, but I won"t be ready. Professor: You had six weeks to work on this, and I have a policy of ______. You lose 20% the first day, and 10% for each day after. Student: Well, my computer ______ and I lost everything. I have taken the computer into the Campus Computer workshop but they cannot ______. They said I could take it to a computer store downtown but that to retrieve the information would probably ______ $400. I don"t have $400 to spare. Also, the beluga whale specialist at the Aquarium whom I am planning to interview has been working in Los Angeles ______ for six weeks. He gets back next Monday. His secretary said he would be too busy ______, so I have to wait until the following week. I was hoping to video tape the interview and ______ to the class. Professor: ______ you have. I can sympathize with the computer issue though, because it ______ me once when I was a student. My computer crashed just as I was on the last page of a 10,000 word essay. I ______. I assume this will be a lesson to you. Student: Oh yes, I also lost the work I had been doing for another biology course. I had completed about 8 pages. Professor: Well, let"s look at the calendar and see if there is another opportunity for your presentation and report. We are ______ and I like to review the last week of classes. Student: What about on November 29? Professor: Let me see, no, ______ as Jane Clark is doing her presentation that day. Student: I"m not sure I can get it finished ______ as I have to start writing the report from scratch. Professor: Well, perhaps I can allow you to hand in your report on November 29, but the presentation must be sooner. Looking at my calendar, ______ November 22. Rob Metcalf was supposed to present that day but I understand he was ______ and had to withdraw from university. Student: I didn"t know that. I was wondering ______ this week. Is he alright? Professor: I don"t know. I just received an email from the Registrar telling me the date and ______. Student: I will check with Fred, perhaps he knows more, they were good friends. Maybe some of us could ______ with flowers. Professor: That would be nice. So, we have ______ the class on November 22, and ______ your report on November 29. No later than 3 p.m. on November 29 for the report. Student: Okay, I am going to be really busy over the next few weeks. I still can"t believe my computer broke down—it wasn"t even that old. I think I will have to give up basketball. I"m just too busy now. Professor: That is too bad, but you are just lucky I am ______ today and not penalizing you ______. Student: Thank you for not penalizing me. I really need to keep my scholarship which means I need to keep my GPA up. If I don"t have a scholarship, I will have to ______. Professor: Is this your third year then? Student: Yes, I hope to graduate at the end of next year. There is ______ in Indonesia that I would like to work on when I am finished. I have a friend there now. There are ______, but I just love the field. Professor: Most jobs require a graduate degree, but ______. Student: I hope so. Thanks again, Dr. Christianson. I was so worried, I ______ last night. Professor: Good-bye. Student: Good-bye.

单选题ICE 1 Two conditions are necessary for the formation of ice: the presence of water and temperatures below freezing. Ice in the atmosphere and on the ground can assume various forms, depending on the conditions under which water is converted to its solid state~ Ice that forms in the atmosphere can fall to the ground as snow, sleet, or hail. Snow is an assemblage of ice crystals in the form of flakes; sleet is a collection of frozen raindrops, which are actually ice pellets. Hail consists of rounded or jagged lumps of ice, often in layers like the intemal structure of an onion. Ice also forms directly on the ground or on bodies of water. In North America, ice forms in late autumn, winter, and early spring. On very large bodies of water, it may not form until late winter because there must be several months of low temperatures to chill such large amounts of water. 2 On puddles and small ponds, ice first freezes in a thin layer with definite crystal structure that becomes less apparent as the ice thickens. On lakes large enough to have waves, such as the Great Lakes, the first ice to form is a thin surface layer of slush, sometimes called grease ice, which eventually grows into small floes of pancake ice. If the lake is small enough or the weather cold enough, the floes may freeze together into a fairly solid sheet of pack ice. Pack ice may cover the entire lake or be restricted to areas near the shore. 3 Because water expands when it freezes, ice is less dense than liquid water and therefore floats rather than sinks in water. As ice floats on the surface of a lake, ocean, or river, it acts as an insulator and is thus important in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. Without the insulating effect of floating ice sheets, surface water would lose heat more rapidly, and large bodies of water such as the Arctic Ocean and Hudson Bay might freeze up completely.

单选题Which of the following is mentioned as the dominant theme in Roesen's painting?

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单选题The word "thereby" m line 20 is closest in meaning to

单选题Family Matters This month, Wyoming passed a bill that would give legal teeth to the moral obligation to support one's parents. Called the Maintenance of Parents Bill, it received the backing of the Government. {{U}}That{{/U}} does not mean it hasn't generated discussion. Several members of the Parliament opposed the measure. Others who acknowledged the problem of the elderly poor believed it a disproportionate response. Still others believe it will {{U}}subvert{{/U}} relations within the family, cynics dubbed it the "Sue Your Son" law. Those who say that the bill does not promote filial responsibility, of course, are right. It has nothing to do with filial responsibility. It kicks in where filial responsibility fails. All the law can do is to provide a safety net where this morality proves insufficient. Wyoming needs this bill not to replace morality, but to provide incentives to show it up. Wyoming faces the problems of an increasing proportion of people over 60 years of age. Demography is {{U}}inexorable{{/U}}. In 1980, 7.2% of the population was in this bracket. By 2030, the proportion is projected to be 26%. The problem is not old age persen. It is that the ratio of economically active people to economically inactive people will decline. But no amount of government exhortation or paternalism will completely eliminate the problem of old people who have insufficient means to make ends meet. Some people will fall through the holes in any safety net. Traditionally, a person's insurance against poverty in his old age was his family care and support for one's parents is a universal value shared by all civilized societies. The problem in Wyoming is that the moral obligation to look after one's parents is unenforceable. A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children. A husband can be forced to support his wife. But, until now, a son or daughter had no legal obligation to support his or her parents. In 1989, an Advisory Council was set up to look into the problems of the aged. Its report stated with a tinge of complacency that 95% of those who did not have their own income were receiving cash contributions from relations. But what about the 5% who aren't getting relatives' support? They have several options:a. get a job and work until they die;b. apply for public assistance (you have to be destitute to apply); orc. starve quietly. None of these options is socially acceptable. And what if this 5% figure grows, as it is likely to do, as society ages? The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far kept Wyoming from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies. This legislation will allow a person to apply to the court for maintenance from any or all of his children. The court would have the discretion to refuse to make an order if it is unjust. Those who {{U}}deride{{/U}} the proposal for opening up the courts to family lawsuits miss the point. Only in extreme cases would any parent take his child to court. If it does indeed become law, the bill's effect would be far more subtle. First, it will reaffirm the notion that it is each individual's—not society's—responsibility to look after his parents. Wyoming is still conservative enough that most people will not object to this idea. Second, and more important, it will make those who are inclined to shirk their responsibilities think twice. A. [■] But to be sued by one's parents would be a massive loss of face. It would be a public disgrace. B. [■] The hand of the conciliator would be immeasurably strengthened. C. [■] It is far more likely that some sort of amicable settlement would be reached if the {{U}}recalcitrant{{/U}} son or daughter knows that the alternative is a public trial. D. [■] It would be nice to think Wyoming doesn't need this kind of law. Those of us who pushed for the bill will consider ourselves most successful if it acts as an incentive not to have it invoked in the first place.

单选题_______more than 65,000 described species of protozoa, of which more than half are fossils.

单选题Disability Facilities Student A: Hi, Raphel, how are you ______ at university? Student B: Hi, Linda, it"s a lot of work, but I am having a good time too. Are you ______ next year? Student A: Yes, I would like to. Can you tell me ______ students? As you know, it takes me a long time to input stuff on the computer so I am always slow doing exams. Also, my wheelchair ______. Student B: You should inquire at Student Services. They can discuss your medical history with you confidentially and ______. My friend Shannon is dyslexic so she gets extra time to write her exams. So does my friend Rosie. They don"t write exams with the rest of us although they ______, just a different room. Both of them use computers to do their exams, so in your case, I am sure it would not be a problem. Student A: What about wheelchair access? Student B: That I am not sure about. The newer buildings have elevators and wide doors, but the older buildings have not been upgraded ______. What faculty were you planning to go into? Student A: I am thinking of doing engineering. Student B: Hmm. Engineering is in the old Adams building. There are stairs to ______ the building and it only has three floors. I don"t know if there is an elevator. Student A: What about ramps? Student B: Yes, I have seen some ramps around. Maybe if you gave them fair warning that you are coming, they ______ outside. Most universities I look into seem to want to accommodate the physically challenged. Why don"t you give them a call? Student A: That is a good idea. Do the buses that go out to campus have ______? Student B: Yes; that I know for sure. All the buses are ______ and there are seats that fold back. The bus drivers seem really nice about ______. I think you will find most of the students really cooperative in helping you too. Student A: What about the sidewalks? Student B: Hmm, I"m not sure. I think ______ at the corners, so you could probably use your wheelchair, but I am not sure. I"m sorry, I just don"t remember for sure. I know all the sidewalks in the city have been renovated to ______ wheelchairs, baby buggies, etc., so my guess is the university sidewalks also comply. When I go back to campus after summer break next week, I will check and give you a call at home. Student A: I"d really appreciate that. Student B: In fact, if you would like, why don"t you come with me? I"ll be taking the bus and I could ______. I have an interview for a part-time job with Food Services at 10 a.m. the day after tomorrow, but that ______. We could check out the food service areas and cafeterias at the same time. You ______. Student A: That"s really nice of you, Raphel, I"d really like that. Student B: Okay, I will come by your house about 8:30 in the morning and we can ______ town, then catch the bus up to the university. Student A: I will be ______ at 8:30 on Tuesday. Student B: Great, I look forward to it. See you later, Linda. Student A: Bye, Raphel.

单选题(a)ToexplainwhyWrightbecameanarchitect(b)TodescribethepositiveaspectsofWright'sarchitecture(c)ToexplainwhyWright'sstyleofarchitecturebecamelesspopular(d)TodescribethematerialsWightusedinconstruction

单选题Teenagers Many indigenous cultures have elaborate rituals that mark the transition from childhood to adulthood. In some African cultures, teenage boys are subjected to horrendously difficult physical tasks, such as being buried up to their shoulders as fire ants feast on their defenseless faces. In modern societies, such rites of passage also exist. Jews celebrate the boy becoming a man by having a bar mitzvah. This celebration is as big as and as important as a wedding and is attended by the entire community. Other cultures mark the end of the teen years in a more relaxed manner, such as graduating from high school or earning one"s first driver"s license. Young people are known to be moody, insecure, argumentative, impulsive, reckless and rebellious. Teenagers are also characterized by odd sleeping patterns, awkward growth spurts, acne and sloppy behavior. Most teenagers"rooms are filled with posters of their idols to whom they profess their undying devotion. Unfortunately, more often than not, these idols tend to fuel the teenagers" rebellious nature. Given these characteristics, teenagers are obviously at higher risk for all types of destructive behavior from being unable to read social cues to engaging in physically risky activities such as driving too fast and consuming alcohol. Given that teenagers seem to be setting themselves up for failure, what could be the possible benefit of the teenage phase? Science has taught us that most other animals, apes and human ancestors included, skip that stage altogether, developing rapidly from infancy to full adulthood. A puppy relies on its mother for nurturing and milk. Within some weeks, that same puppy, now an adult dog, is able to reproduce her own offsprings. Humans, in contrast, have a very puzzling four-year gap between sexual maturity and prime reproductive age. There are a variety of current explanations for the existence of the teenage years, and anthropologists disagree on when the teenage phase first evolved, but pinpointing that date could help define its purpose. Some believe that we need the teenage years as a transition period for our larger brains to develop. Other explanations suggest that the teenage phase allows young adults to learn about complex social behavior and other difficult skills. That is, teenagers, perhaps, need to be exposed to as many social situations as possible in order to learn the appropriately deemed behavior. Being an awkward teenager gives youth some leeway to make mistakes that are usually inconsequential. Other difficult skills of adulthood may include parenting. Since a teenager is expected to live as a productive member of society, he will have to be educated, learn a profession, and eventually become a parent himself. Anthropologists have suggested that the rituals attached to welcoming teenagers into adulthood are a reenactment of the difficult adolescent stage any human must live through. Just as teenagers suffer numerous setbacks and humiliations during their adolescent years, so do they during the Bar mitzvah celebration. The final triumph of maturity is implied in that celebratory act. The same transition from adolescence to womanhood is evident in numerous female rituals, such as celebrating "Sweet 16," a very popular event for teenage girls in Mexico and Spain. Glossary indigenous: native bar mitzvah: a ceremony that takes place on the thirteenth birthday of a Jewish boy, after which he is regarded as an adult infancy: state of being new and not developed much inconsequential: not important

单选题Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a characteristic of the typical folk song?

单选题EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION 1 Everyone on Earth is continually exposed to small, relatively harmless amounts of ionizing radiation, known as background radiation, from natural sources such as soil and rock. However, other types of ionizing radiation--x-rays, ultraviolet radiation from the sun, and alpha, beta, and gamma radiation emitted by radioactive isotopes--have the potential to harm the human body. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove one or more electrons from the atoms it hits to form positively charged ions that can react with and damage living tissue. Most damage occurs in tissues with rapidly dividing cells, such as the bone marrow, where blood cells are made, and the digestive tract, whose lining must be constantly renewed. 2 Exposure to ionizing radiation can damage cells in two ways. The first is genetic damage, which alters genes and chromosomes. This can show up as a genetic defect in children or in later generations. The second type of damage is somatic, which causes victims direct harm in the form of bums, miscarriages, eye cataracts, some types of leukemia, or cancers of the bone, thyroid, breast, skin, and lung. Small doses of ionizing radiation over a long period of time cause less damage than the same total dosage given all at once. Exposure to a large dose of ionizing radiation over a short time can be fatal within a few minutes to a few months later.