单选题1 In the storytelling traditions of West Africa, the tiny rabbit appears frequently as a rascal who teases or plays jokes on bigger animals. In one story, Mr. Rabbit tricks Mr. Elephant and Mrs. Whale into a tug of war with each other. Such tales about Mr. Rabbit continue to be part of the oral traditions of the Wollof people of Senegal. 2 The African-American folktales of the U.S. South also feature a trickster rabbit in the character of Brer Rabbit. In his American incarnation, Brer Rabbit uses his wits to overcome circumstances and even to enact playful revenge on his larger, stronger adversaries, Brer Fox, Brer Wolf, and Brer Bear. Although he is not always successful, Brer Rabbit's efforts make him both a folk hero and a friendly comic figure. Joel Chandler Harris, a journalist in Georgia, had heard old men tell Brer Rabbit tales by the fireside when he was a young boy. Harris wrote down and published many of the stories, popularizing them for the general public. 3 A folklorist named Alcee Fortier recorded very similar versions of the same stories in southern Louisiana, where the rabbit character was known as Compair Lapin in Creole French. More recently, the rabbit has enjoyed another incarnation as the cartoon character Bugs Bunny--a rascally rabbit who causes trouble, tricks the hunter, and always gets the final word.

单选题1 Organic compost (partially decomposed organic matter) requires four basic elements: carbon, nitrogen, air, and water. The carbon comes from dead organic matter, such as dried leaves, straw, and wood chips. The nitrogen comes from fresh or green materials, such as vegetative kitchen waste, untreated grass clippings, and animal manure. Fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms use the carbon for energy and the nitrogen to grow and reproduce. The microorganisms secrete enzymes that break down the cells of the dead vegetation and animal matter. These enzymes are the glue that cements the soil particles into larger, coarser grains. Coarse soil crumbles easily, which aerates the soil and allows it to absorb moisture efficiently. This partially digested mixture is compost. 2 Compost is a stage of decay in which most of the organic matter has been broken down, but it may still be possible to identify individual parts such as leaves and twigs. The final phase of decay is called humus--a dark, sticky, nutrient-rich substance in which the original materials can no longer be distinguished. Although the terms "compost" and "humus" are often used interchangeably, they are not synonymous.

单选题It can be inferred from the passage that one main difference between termites and ants is that termites

单选题1 Landscape architects design landscapes in residential areas, public parks, and commercial zones. They are hired by many types of organizations, from real estate firms starting new developments to municipalities constructing airports or parks. They usually plan the arrangement of vegetation, walkways, and other natural features of open spaces. 2 In planning a site, landscape architects first consider the nature and purpose of the project, the funds available, and the proposed elements. Next, they study the site and map such features as the slope of the land, the positions of existing buildings, existing utilities, roads, fences, walkways, and trees. Then, working either as the leader of a design team or in consultation with the project architect or engineer, they draw up plans to develop the site. If the plans are approved, they prepare working drawings to show all existing and proposed features. They outline the methods of constructing features and draw up lists of building materials. 3 Newcomers to the field usually start as junior drafters, tracing drawings and doing other simple drafting work for architectural, landscape architectural, or engineering firms. After two or three years, they can carry a design through all stages of development. Highly qualified landscape architects may become associates in private firms, but usually those who progress this far open their own offices.

单选题1 The many parts of the earth's atmosphere are linked with the various parts of the earth's surface to produce a whole--the climate system. Different parts of the earth's surface react to the energy of the sun in different ways. For example, ice and snow reflect much of it. Land surfaces absorb solar energy and heat up rapidly. Oceans store the energy without experiencing a significant temperature rise. Thus, the different types of surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere at different rates. 2 We can view climate as existing in three domains: space, time, and human perception. In the domain of space, we can study local, regional, and global climates. In time, we can look at the climate for a year, a decade, a millennium, and so forth. Finally, we depend on our perceptions of the data, so we must include our own human perception into our model. Human perception ranges from our personal observations to our public predictions about climate. Human perception must be included if our understanding of climatic processes is to be translated into societal actions. As a society, we make informed choices about how to use the beneficial effects of climate, such as deciding when and where to plant crops. We also make choices about how to minimize the harmful effects of climate--storms, blizzards, and droughts.

单选题Airline Alliances Cooperative competition. Competitive cooperation. Confused? Airline alliances have travelers scratching their heads over what's going on in the skies. Some folks view alliances as a blessing to travelers, offering seamless travel, reduced fares and enhanced frequent-flyer benefits. Others see a conspiracy of big businesses, causing decreased competition, increased fares and fewer choices. Whatever your opinion is, there are no escaping airline alliances: the marketing hype is unrelenting, with each of the two mega-groupings. Oneworld and Star Alliance promote themselves as the best choice for all travelers. And, even if you turn away from their ads, chances are they will figure in any of your travel plans. But why, after years of often ferocious competition, have airlines decided to band together? Let's just say the timing is mutually convenient. North American Airlines, having exhausted all means of earning customer loyalty at home, have been looking for ways to reach out to foreign flyers. Asian carriers are still hurting from the region—the wide economic downturn that began two years ago just when some of the airlines were taking delivery of new aircraft. Alliances also allow carriers to cut costs and increase profits by pooling manpower resources on the ground (rather than each airline maintaining its own ground crew) and code-sharing—the practice of two partners selling tickets and operating only one aircraft. So alliances are terrific for airlines—but are they good for the passenger? Absolutely, say the airlines: think of the lounges, the joint FFP (frequent flyer programme) benefits, the round-the-world fares, and the global service networks. Then there is the promise of "seamless" travel: the ability to, say, travel from Singapore to Rome to New York to Rio de Janeiro, all on one ticket, without having to wait hours for connections or worry about your bags. Sounds Utopian? Peter Buecking, Cathay Pacific's Director of Sales and Marketing, thinks that seamless travel is still evolving. "The key to seamlessness rests in infrastructure and information sharing. We are working on this." Henry Ma, spokesperson for Star Alliance in Hong Kong, lists some of the other benefits for customers: "Global travelers have an easier time making connections and planning their itineraries." Ma claims alliances also assure passengers consistent service standards. Critics of alliances say the much touted benefits to the customer are mostly pie in the sky, that alliances are all about reducing costs for the airlines, rationalizing services and running joint marketing programmes. Consumer Report's Senior Editor Jeff Blyskal says the promotional ballyhoo over alliances is much ado about nothing. "I don't see much of a gain for consumers: alliances are just a marketing gimmick. Most airlines can not even get their own connections under control, let alone coordinate with another airline. " Blyskal believes alliances will ultimately result in decreased flight choices and increased costs for consumers. Instead of two airlines competing and each operating a flight on the same route at 70% capacity, the allied pair will share the route and run one full flight. Since fewer seats will be available, passengers will be obliged to pay more for tickets. The truth about alliances and their merits probably lies somewhere between the travel Utopia presented by the players, and the evil empires portrayed by their critics. And how much they affect you depends on what kind of traveler you are. Those who've already made the elite grade in the FFP of a major airline stand to benefit the most when it joints an alliance: then they enjoy the FFP perks and advantages on any and all of the member carriers. For example, if you are a Marco Polo Club "gold" member of Cathay Pacific's Asia Miles FFP, you will automatically be treated as a valuable customer by all members of Oneworld, of which Cathay Pacific is a member. For those who haven't made the top grade in any FFP, alliances might be a way of simplifying the earning of frequent flyer miles. For example, I belong to United Airline's Mileage Plus and generally fly less than 25000 miles a year. But I earn miles with every flight I take on Star Alliance member—All Nippon Airways and Thai Airways.(A) [■] if you fly less than I do, you might be smarter to stay out of the FFP game altogether.(B) [■] The only real benefit infrequent flyers can draw from an alliance is an inexpensive round-the-world fare.(C) [■] The bottom lines for all the marketing hype, alliances aren't all things to all people—but everybody can get some benefit out of them.(D) [■]

单选题According to the passage, one important reason why newspapers printed daily weather maps during the first half of the twentieth century was

单选题A fever is caused which blood cells release proteins called pyrogens, raising the body’s A B C temperature. D

单选题Pluto Pluto is unique among the planets in our solar system for several reasons. It was the last planet to be discovered, and is also the smallest and furthest from the Sun. Pluto was discovered in 1930 and has an estimated diameter of about 1400 miles. Because of its great distance from the Sun, it takes Pluto over 248 years to complete an entire orbit. There is considerable variation in the distance of Pluto from the Sun during the course of its orbit. It gets as close as 2.75 billion miles and travels as far as 4.6 billion miles from the Sun. Because Pluto"s orbit is highly elliptical, its orbit passes within that of Neptune for about 20 years of the time it takes to complete an orbit. Pluto"s great distance from Earth makes it difficult to know with complete certainty its physical characteristics. It is believed that it has a thick methane atmosphere a few kilometers deep and that it is covered with frost and ice. The covering of methane frost is redder towards the equator and bluer at the poles. Pluto is thought to have a large core, likely of silicate rock, which accounts for the planet"s high density. New information is still being learned about Pluto as technology becomes more sophisticated. As recently as 1978, it was discovered that Pluto has a satellite. This satellite, named Charon, has a diameter of about 700 miles and takes just over six days to complete a revolution of Pluto, which is about the same time that it takes Pluto to complete a rotation. Recently, however, Pluto"s status as a planet has hotly been debated amongst astronomers. More traditional scientists have tried to defend Pluto"s position amongst our solar system"s planetary array on account of traditional values and beliefs. After all, some argue, it is unfair to downgrade Pluto to a mere asteroid just because of its smaller size when it obviously is a dense corpus with its own satellite. Arguments to the contrary also abound. Many pose that Pluto is a mere object of the Kuiper belt due to the fact that it is constantly pulled into Neptune"s orbital sphere. It is only such drag from a more powerful planet that corrects Pluto"s own course and prevents it from colliding with other celestial bodies. The latter argument won out, and Pluto has recently been removed from textbooks from the list of other planets of our solar system. Glossary Pluto: the second smallest planet and the farthest known from the sun, has the most elliptical orbit of all the planets elliptical: rounded like an egg silicate: any of numerous compounds containing silicon, oxygen, and one or more metals Charon: the only satellite of Pluto

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单选题The word "enhanced" in line 13 is closest in meaning to

单选题(The wolf) was once the (most widely) distributed (kind of) mammal (on) the world.

单选题In 1972, a century after the first national park in the United States was established at Yellowstone, legislation was passed to create the National Marine Sanctuaries Program. The intent of this legislation was to provide protection to selected coastal habitats similar to that existing for land areas designated as national parks. The designation of an areas a marine sanctuary indicates that it is a protected area, just as a national park is. People are permitted to visit and observe there, but living organisms and their environments may not be harmed or removed. The National Marine Sanctuaries Program is administered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a branch of the United States Department of Commerce. Initially, 70 sites were proposed as candidates for sanctuary status. Two and a half decades later, only fifteen sanctuaries had been designated, with half of these established after 1978. They range in size from the very small (less than I square kilometer) Fagatele BayNational Marine Sanctuary in American Samoa to the Monterey Bay National MarineSanctuary in California, extending over 15,744 square kilometers. The National Marine Sanctuaries Program is a crucial part of new management practices in which whole communities of species, and not just individual species, are offered some degree of protection from habitat degradation and overexploitation. Only in this way can a reasonable degree of marine species diversity be maintained in a setting that also maintains the natural interrelationships that exist among these species. Several other types of marine protected areas exist in the United States and other countries. The National Estuarine Research Reserve System, managed by the United States government, includes 23 designated and protected estuaries. Outside the United States, marine protected-area programs exist as marine parks, reserves, and preserves. Over 100 designated areas exist around the periphery of the Carbbean Sea. Others rangefrom the well-known Australian Great Barrer Reef Marine Park to lesser-known parks in countries such as Thailand and Indonesia, where tourism is placing growing pressures on fragile coral reef systems. As state, national, and international agencies come to recognize the importance of conserving marine biodiversity, marine projected areas. whether as sanctuaries, parks, or estuarine reserves, will play an increasingly important role in preserving that diversity.

单选题Alaska become the forty-ninth state in 1959,and Hawaii became the fiftieth state lately that year.

单选题The Guggenheim Museum in New York City is one of the major (center) for (the collection) and display of (works) of (abstract art) in the United State.

单选题The word "scope" in line 9 is closest in meaningto

单选题(When used. as food (additives), antioxidants prevent fats and oils from (become. rancid when exposed to air, (and thus) extend their shelf life. A. When used B. additives C. become D. and thus

单选题Tarantulas (inject) a (paralyzing venom) into prey (or with) their (large fangs)

单选题The aim of the decorative arts is to beautiful our surroundings.

单选题The author mentions "wheal and wheat flour" in line 22 in order to