填空题Questions 34-38 Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3? In boxes 34-38 on your answer sheet, write

填空题Listen to the conversation and complete the notes below. Use up to three words.

填空题 Name Manuel Garcia Current address 5 ______ Telephone number 0453 672 348 Email address 6 ______ Age 19 Gender Male Smoker? No Budgeted monthly rent 7 ￡______

填空题Higher female participation in an economy always leads to greater economic growth.

填空题Dalian is a successful outsourcing center for Japan and Korea.

填空题Listen to the statement and complete the notes below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE words.

填空题 Questions 21-22 Choose the correct letter from A-C

填空题Complete the summary below using words from the box below. Write your answers in boxes 35-40 on your answer sheet. Improvement in technology has seen clocks develop from large, (35) mechanisms to very small gadgets. When new technologies arise, designs compete with one another. Sometimes, because one design is so (36) , it will replace all the others. However, it is not always the best design that wins. There is a theory that asserts the most (37) design wins even if it has no obvious advantage over the others. Once this design starts being (38) , its position in the market is (39) . That is why there seems to be no (40) explanation for some of the accepted designs that are commonplace today. assured economic mass-produced consistent exclusive obsolete costly logical outstanding domestic massive popular

填空题It is a good idea to remove role ambiguity.

填空题Listen to the conversation and fill out the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each blank.

填空题Questions 8-9 Choose TWO letters A-E Write your answers in boxes 8-9 on your answer sheet. The list below gives some statements from the passage. Which TWO of these statements are mentioned by Kenneth Manton ? A. Prevention from senior citizens' illnesses could not be given by modern medicine. B. Costs on conquering those diseases may exceed government's budgets. C. New medical treatment could benefit old people's overall developments. D. For government, to carry out study on medical science with plenty of money is out of question. E. Fat people would face the problem of reducing their lifespan.

填空题Which bear eats plants?

填空题disaster emergency

填空题People were encouraged to view the language with less prejudice.

填空题Ivan Luckin is also the vendor of London Bridge.

填空题What is the lost property number given to the man?

填空题What Are You Laughing at? A We like to think that laughing is the height of human sophistication. Our big brains let us see the humour in a strategically positioned pun, an unexpected plot twist or a clever piece of word play. But while joking and wit are uniquely human inventions, laughter certainly is not. Other creatures, including chimpanzees, gorillas and even rats, chuckle. Obviously, they don't crack up at Homer Simpson or titter at the boss's dreadful jokes, but the fact that they laugh in the first place suggests that sniggers and chortles have been around for a lot longer than we have. It points the way to the origins of laughter, suggesting a much more practical purpose than you might think. B There is no doubt that laughing typical involves groups of people. 'Laughter evolved as a signal to others—it almost disappears when we are alone,' says Robert Provine, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland. Provine found that most laughter comes as a polite reaction to everyday remarks such as 'see you later', rather than anything particularly funny. And the way we laugh depends on the company we're keeping. Men tend to laugh longer and harder when they are with other men, perhaps as a way of bonding. Women tend to laugh more and at a higher pitch when men are present, possibly indicating flirtation or even submission. C To find the origins of laughter, Provine believes we need to look at play. He points out that the masters of laughing are children, and nowhere is their talent more obvious than in the boisterous antics, and the original context is play. Well-known primate watchers, including Dian Fossey and Jane Goodall, have long argued that chimps laugh while at play. The sound they produce is known as a pant laugh. It seems obvious when you watch their behaviour—they even have the same ticklish spots as we do. But remove the context, and the parallel between human laughter and a chimp's characteristic pant laugh is not so clear. When Provine played a tape of the pant laughs to 119 of his students, for example, only two guessed correctly what it was. D These findings underline how chimp and human laughter vary. When we laugh, the sound is usually produced by chopping up a single exhalation into a series of shorter with one sound produced on each inward and outward breath. The question is: does this pant laughter have the same source as our own laughter? New research lends weight to the idea that it does. The findings come from Elke Zimmerman, head of the Institute for Zoology in Germany, who compared the sounds made by babies and chimpanzees in response to tickling during the first year of their life. Using sound spectrographs to reveal the pitch and intensity of vocalisations, she discovered that chimp and human baby laughter follow broadly the same pattern. Zimmerman laughter was around long before humans arrived on the scene. What started simply as a modification of breathing associated with enjoyable and playful interactions has acquired a symbolic meaning as an indicator of pleasure. E Pinpointing when laughter developed is another matter. Humans and chimps share a common ancestor that lived perhaps eight million years ago but animals might have been laughing long before that. More distantly related primates, including gorillas, laugh, and anecdotal evidence suggests that other social mammals may do too. Scientists are currently testing such stories with a comparative analysis of just how common laughter is among animals. So far, though, the most compelling evidence for laughter beyond primates comes from research done by JaakPanksepp from Bowling Green State University, Ohio, into the ultrasonic chirps produced by rats during play and in response to tickling. F All this still doesn't answer the question of why we laugh at all. One idea is that laughter and tickling originated as a way of sealing the relationship between mother and child. Another is that the reflex response to tickling is protective, alerting us to the presence of crawling creatures that might harm us or compelling us to defend the parts of our bodies that are most vulnerable in hand-to-hand combat. But the idea that has gained most popularity in recent years is that laughter in response to tickling is a way for two individuals to signal and test their trust in one another. This hypothesis starts from the individuals to signal and test their trust in one another. This hypothesis starts from the observation that although a little tickle can be enjoyable, if it goes on too long it can be torture. By engaging in a bout of tickling, we put ourselves at the mercy of another individual, and laughing is a signal of trust according to Tom Flamson, a laughter researcher at the University of California, Los Angeles. 'Even in rats, laughter, tickle, play and trust are linked. Rats chirp a lot when they play,' says Flamson. 'These chirps can be aroused by tickling. And they get bonded to us as a result, which certainly seems like a show of trust.' G We'll never know which animal laughed the first laugh, or why. But we can be sure it wasn't in response to a prehistoric joke. The funny thing is that while the origins of laughter are probably quiet serious, we woe human laughter and our language-based humour to the same unique skill. While other animals pant, we alone can control our breath well enough to produce the sound of laughter. Without that control there would also be no speech—and no jokes to endure. —New Scientist

填空题Fallone is now studying the sleep patterns of children with ______.

填空题Questions17-20Completetheflowchartbelowusinginformationfromthetext.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes17-20onyourAnswerSheet.

填空题If the topic needs to be changed, you should send a __________ in advance.