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填空题New technology applied in MBA teaching A In the world of business they call it 'the consumerisation of IT': employees who are used to powerful smart phones and tablet computers in their personal lives are now demanding similar tools in their professional ones. Now business schools are also coming to terms with students who are increasingly tech savvy. Some even see the way they integrate technology with pedagogy as an opportunity to differentiate themselves from the B-school pack. B The beauty of MBA courses is that students can try out new technologies without fear of a serious backlash if the trials don't pay off. 'The threat level is just a grade, not a career,' explains Michael Koenig, the director of MBA operations at the University of Virginia's Darden Graduate School of Business, which is among the vanguard of schools incorporating new technologies in their programmes. C Yet there are still concerns about whether new technology in the classroom will enhance the MBA experience or diminish it. Some professors fret that embracing gadgets for the sake of appearing 'wired' will detract from the quality of classroom discussions. That has not deterred schools from experimenting. Innovations designed to help students manage information more efficiently, interact with their peers wherever they are and imbibe important business lessons via virtual simulations are all being tested. D The pioneers are discovering that some technologies are not yet ready for prime time. Consider the experience of Darden. In a recent experiment the school gave a random sample of MBA students Kindle DX e-readers, as well as standard printed handouts and textbooks for their first-year courses. It then encouraged them to use the electronic versions instead of the paper ones. E The students did just that—and many concluded that the Kindle's limitations were too great to justify its widespread adoption on the programme. Switching between text, graphs and charts, they complained, took far longer than on paper-based alternatives. This made it hard for them to keep up with fast-paced class discussions. Nevertheless, some schools are toying with the idea of testing the Apple iPad to see if that has greater success. F As well as trying out gizmos designed to help students handle large volumes of content, schools are also using technology that helps members of study teams to keep in touch with one another. Darden, for instance, has equipped some classrooms with widescreen TVs and software that allow students who are off campus to share data and opinions with those who are on it. 'Our job is to stretch skills as well as minds,' says Mr. Koenig, who points out that many executives now need to be able to influence virtual teams they rarely meet face-to- face. G Duke University's Fuqua School of Business has taken this a step further, installing a Cisco 'Telepresence' system in one of its lecture theatres. Giant plasma screens and cameras display life-size video images of people in remote locations to an entire class. The school reckons the new system allows professors seamlessly to include overseas participants in class discussions, although further refinement is needed before it can accommodate large numbers of folk joining all at once. H Schools are also using technology to bring academic theory to life in other ways. Some institutions use online trading rooms to give students a taste of how real financial markets work. Other web-based simulations that enhance the classroom experience are becoming popular. At Stanford, for instance, James Lattin, a marketing professor, has worked with the school's IT team to create a web-based programme that lets students work in, and run, a sales team touting a disruptive new product. Using the simulation to teach them about the challenges of sales forecasting has produced far better results than simply lecturing, he says. —Economist

填空题What is in Russell Street?

填空题{{B}}SECTION 4 Questions 31-40{{/B}} {{B}}Questions 31-35{{/B}}Complete the information in the table. Item Installation Cost Annual Saving Loft insulation ￡130～200 31.______ Cavity wall insulation from 32.______ ￡100 Energy-saving 33.______ not given ￡7 each Refrigerator(ESA approved) not given ￡35 Light-pipe 34.______ not given High-efficiency condensing boiler not given 35.______

填空题An M-Pesa account needs to be credited by ______.

填空题 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on pages 74-75. Is there a psychologist in the building? CHRISTIAN JARRETT reports on psychology's place in new architectural development. A. The space around us affects us profoundly - emotionally, behaviourally, cognitively. In Britain that space is changing at a pace not seen for a generation. Surely psychology has something to say about all this change. But is anyone listening? 'There is a huge amount of psychology research that is relevant, but at the moment we're talking to ourselves,' says Chris Spencer, professor of environmental psychology at the University of Sheffield. Spencer recalls a recent talk he gave in which he called on fellow researchers to make a greater effort to communicate their findings to architects and planners. 'I was amazed at the response of many of the senior researchers, who would say: "I'm doing my research for pure science, the industry can take it or leave it'"' But there are models of how to apply environmental psychology to real problems, if you know where to look. Professor Frances Kuo is an example. B. Kuo's website provides pictures and plain English summaries of research conducted by her Human Environment Research Laboratory. Among these is a study using police records that found inner-city Chicago apartment buildings surrounded by more vegetation suffered 52 per cent fewer crimes than apartment blocks with little or no greenery. Frances Kuo and her co-researcher William Sullivan believe that greenery reduces crime - so long as visibility is preserved - because it reduces aggression, brings local residents together outdoors, and the conspicuous presence of people deters criminals. C. 'Environmental psychologists are increasingly in demand,' says David Uzzell, professor of environmental psychology. 'We're asked to contribute to the planning, design and management of many different environments, ranging from neighbourhoods, offices, schools, health, transport, traffic and leisure environments for the purpose of improving quality of life and creating a better people-environment fit.' Uzzell points to the rebuilding of one south London school as a striking example of how building design can affect human behaviour positively. Before its redesign, it was ranked as the worst school in the area - now it is recognised as one of the country's twenty most improved schools. D. Uzzell has been involved in a pioneering project between MSc students in England and Scotland. Architecture students in Scotland acted as designers while environmental psychology students in England acted as consultants, as together they worked on a community project in a run-down area of Glasgow. 'The psychology students encouraged the architecture students to think about who their client group was, to consider issues of crowding and social cohesion, and they introduced them to psychological methodologies, for example observation and interviewing local residents about their needs.' The collaborative project currently stands as a one-off experiment. 'Hopefully these trainee architects will now go away with some understanding of the psychological issues involved in design and will take into account people's needs,' says Uzzell.E. Hilary Barker, a recent graduate in psychology, now works for a design consultancy. She's part of a four- person research team that contributes to the overall work of the company in helping clients use their office space more productively. Her team all have backgrounds in psychology or social science, but the rest of the firm consists mainly of architects and interior designers. 'What I do is pretty rare to be honest,' Barker says. 'I feel very privileged to be able to use my degree in such a way.' Barker explains that the team carries out observational studies on behalf of companies, to identify exactly how occupants are using their building. The companies are often surprised by the findings, for example that staff use meeting rooms for quiet, individual work. F. One area where the findings from environment- behaviour research have certainly influenced building is in hospital design. 'The government has a checklist of criteria that must be met in the design of new hospitals, and these are derived largely from the work of the behavioura [l scientist Professor Roger Ulrich,' Chris Spencer says. Ulrich's work has shown, for example, how the view from a patient's window can affect their recovery. Even a hospital's layout can impact on people's health, according to Dr John Zeisel. 'If people get lost in hospitals, they get stressed, which lowers their immune system and means their medication works less well. You might think that way-finding round the hospital is the responsibility of the person who puts all the signs up, but the truth is that the basic layout of a building is what helps people find their way around,' he says. G. Zeisel also points to the need for a better balance between private and shared rooms in hospitals. 'Falls are reduced and fewer medication errors occur' in private rooms, he says. There's also research showing how important it is that patients have access to the outdoors and that gardens in hospitals are a major contributor to well-being. However, more generally, Zeisel shares Chris Spencer's concerns that the lessons from environmental psychology research are not getting through. 'There is certainly a gap between what we in social science know and the world of designers and architects,' says Zeisel He believes that most industries, from sports to film- making, have now recognised the importance of an evidence-based approach, and that the building trade needs to formulate itself more in that vein, and to recognise that there is relevant research out there. 'It would be outrageous, silly, to go ahead with huge building projects without learning the lessons from the new towns established between 30 and 40 years ago,' he warns. Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-G. Choose the correct heading for A-G from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet. List of Headings i——A comparison between similar buildings ii——The negative reaction of local residents iii——An unusual job for a psychologist iv——A type of building benefiting from prescribed guidelines v——The need for government action vi——A failure to use available information in practical ways vii——Academics with an unhelpful attitude viii——A refusal by architects to accept criticism ix——A unique co-operative scheme x——The expanding scope of environmental psychology

填空题i The influence of Monbusho ii Helping less successful students iii The success of compulsory education iv Research findings concerning achievements in maths v The typical format of a maths lesson vi Comparative expenditure on maths education vii Background to middle-years education in Japan viii The key to Japanese successes in maths education ix The role of homework correction

填空题The medical knowledge available during the Tang era only benefited the wealthy.

填空题{{B}}Personality Questionnaires{{/B}} ·; completed during 25 ............................. ·; used in the past by the 26............................. ·; and the 27............................. ·nowadays used by 28 .............................of large 　employers ·questions about things like: working under pressure or keeping deadlines ·written by 29 .............................who say candidates tend to be truthful{{/B}}

填空题A ______ diet makes people look much older.

填空题The trilobite 2.0 looks just like the original design.

填空题The course is available for students who are full-time and live on the campus.

填空题The parents of students in a school are part of the headmaster's ...

填空题Sally thinks the __________ is a worth-seeing part of the park.

填空题The species of animal that could be reintroduced.

填空题Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Danger Effect Suggestion Computer virus Destroy your (11) Delete unknown emails Internet (12) Possibility of corresponding with acriminal Parents should monitor their(13) Fraud After getting your (14), the thiefcan buy things under your name Do not reveal your logindetails to anyone Email (15) After getting your personal detailsvia an email, the thief can buythings under your name Ignore (16) email offers Internet plustelephone fraud Ask you to make a phone call inorder to (17) and then charge youfor the call Check and filter emailsaccordingly

填空题Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? {{B}}Write TRUE{{/B}} if the information in the text agrees with the statement. {{B}}Write FALSE{{/B}} if the information in the text contradicts the statement. {{B}}Write NOT GIVEN{{/B}} if there is no information on this.

填空题linguistic structure

填空题The Arab 'egg which moves and burns'

填空题Which country is the destination of the hike?