填空题Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Phone InterviewName: John MurphyExample AnswerPosition applying for: lifeguardStreet Address: 45 【L1】______CourtContact phone number: 【L2】______Current part-time job: 【L3】______Previous job at Ridgemont High School: 【L4】______Additional relevant work experience: 【L5】______Relevant skills/qualifications: CPR certification & 【L6】______CPR certification expiration date: 【L7】______Preferred weekly shift: 【L8】______Time available to start work: 【L9】______Advertisement source: 【L10】______

填空题Internet shopping lacks the ______.

填空题You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Storytelling, From Prehistoric Caves To Modern CinemasA It was told, we suppose, to people crouched around a fire: a tale of adventure, most likely—relating some close encounter with death; a remarkable hunt, an escape from mortal danger; a vision, or something else out of the ordinary. Whatever its thread, the weaving of this story was done with a prime purpose. The listeners must be kept listening. They must not fall asleep. So, as the story went on, its audience should be sustained by one question above all. What happens next?B The first fireside stories in human history can never be known. They were kept in the heads of those who told them. This method of storage is not necessarily inefficient. From documented oral traditions in Australia, the Balkans and other parts of the world we know that specialised storytellers and poets can recite from memory literally thousands of lines, in verse or prose, verbatim—word for word. But while memory is rightly considered an art in itself, it is clear that a primary purpose of making symbols is to have a system of reminders or mnemonic cues—signs that assist us to recall certain information in the mind's eye.C In some Polynesian communities a notched memory stick may help to guide a storyteller through successive stages of recitation. But in other parts of the world, the activity of storytelling historically resulted in the development or even the invention of writing systems. One theory about the arrival of literacy in ancient Greece, for example, argues that the epic tales about the Trojan War and the wanderings of Odysseus—traditionally attributed to Homer—were just so enchanting to hear that they had to be preserved. So the Greeks, c. 750-700BC, borrowed an alphabet from their neighbors in the eastern Mediterranean, the Phoenicians.D The custom of recording stories on parchment and other materials can be traced in many manifestations around the world, from the priestly papyrus archives of ancient Egypt to the birch-bark scrolls on which the North American Ojibway Indians set down their creation-myth. It is a well-tried and universal practice: so much so that to this day storytime is probably most often associated with words on paper. The formal practice of narrating a story aloud would seem—so we assume—to have given way to newspapers, novels and comic strips. This, however, is not the case. Statistically it is doubtful that the majority of humans currently rely upon the written word to get access to stories. So what is the alternative source?E Each year, over 7 billion people will go to watch the latest offering from Hollywood, Bollywood and beyond. The supreme storyteller of today is cinema. The movies, as distinct from still photography, seem to be an essentially modem phenomenon. This is an illusion, for there are, as we shall see, certain ways in which the medium of film is indebted to very old precedents of arranging 'sequences' of images. But any account of visual storytelling must begin with the recognition that all storytelling beats with a deeply atavistic pulse: that is, a 'good story' relies upon formal patterns of plot and characterisation that have been embedded in the practice of storytelling over many generations.F Thousands of scripts arrive every week at the offices of the major film studios. But aspiring screenwriters really need look no further for essential advice than the fourth-century BC Greek Philosopher Aristotle. He left some incomplete lecture notes on the art of telling stories in various literary and dramatic modes, a slim, volume known as The Poetics. Though he can never have envisaged the popcorn-fuelled actuality of a multiplex cinema, Aristotle is almost prescient about the key elements required to get the crowds flocking to such a cultural hub. He analyzed the process with cool rationalism. When a story enchants us, we lose the sense of where we are; we are drawn into the story so thoroughly that we forget it is a story being told. This is, in Aristotle's phrase, 'the suspension of disbelief.G We know the feeling. If ever we have stayed in our seats, stunned with grief, as the credits roll by, or for days after seeing that vivid evocation of horror have been nervous about taking a shower at home, then we have suspended disbelief. We have been caught, or captivated, in the storyteller's web. Did it all really happen? We really thought so—for a while. Aristotle must have witnessed often enough this suspension of disbelief. He taught at Athens, the city where theater developed as a primary form of civic ritual and recreation. Two theatrical types of storytelling, tragedy and comedy, caused Athenian audiences to lose themselves in sadness and laughter respectively. Tragedy, for Aristotle, was particularly potent in its capacity to enlist and then purge the emotions of those watching the story unfold on the stage, so he tried to identify those factors in the storyteller's art that brought about such engagement. He had, as an obvious sample for analysis, not only the fifth-century BC masterpieces of Classical Greek tragedy written by Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. Beyond them stood Homer, whose stories even then had canonical status: The Iliad and The Odyssey were already considered literary landmarks—stories by which all other stories should be measured. So what was the secret of Homer's narrative art?H It was not hard to find. Homer created credible heroes. His heroes belonged to the past, they were mighty and magnificent, yet they were not, in the end, fantasy figures. He made his heroes sulk, bicker, cheat and cry. They were, in short, characters—protagonists of a story that an audience would care about, would want to follow, would want to know what happens next. As Aristotle saw, the hero who shows a human side—some flaw or weakness to which mortals are prone—is intrinsically dramatic.Questions 14-18Reading Passage 2 has eight paragraphs, A-H.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-H, in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.

填空题The propellers in the village nearby are from __________ .

填空题Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

填空题Most of the best journalists on TV in India are women.

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填空题When did people have to pluck two front teeth of jaw?

填空题You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. Malaria Kills Twice as Many People as Previously Thought Malaria kills twice as many people every year as formerly believed, taking 1.2 million lives and causing the deaths not only of babies but also older children and adults, according to the research that overturns decades of assumptions about one of the world's most lethal diseases. The research comes from the highly respected Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), and is published in the Lancet medical journal. It has reanalysed 30 years of data on the disease using new techniques and will force a rethink of the huge global effort that has been under way to eliminate malaria. That ambition now looks highly unlikely by the UN target date of 2015. It also raises urgent questions about the future of the troubled global fund to fight Aids, TB and Malaria, which has provided the money for most of the tools to combat the disease in Africa, such as insecticide-impregnated bed nets and new drugs. The fund is in financial crisis and has had to cancel its next grant-making round. Dr. Christopher Murray and colleagues have systematically collected data on deaths from all over the world over a 30-year period, from 1980 to 2010, using new methodologies and inventive ways of measuring mortality in countries where deaths are not conventionally recorded. The work on malaria is part of a much bigger project which has already led to new estimates of the death rates of women in childbirth and pregnancy and from breast and cervical cancer. Their figure of 1.2 million deaths for 2010 is nearly double the 655,000 estimated in last year's World Malaria Report. The good news is that they have confirmed the downward trend that the World Health Organisation's report showed, as a result of efforts by donors, aid organisations and governments to tackle the disease. The bad news is that the decline comes from a much higher peak—deaths hit 1.8 million in 2004, they say. That means the interventions such as better treatment and bed nets are working, but there is much further to go than everybody had assumed. 'You learn in medical school that people exposed to malaria as children develop immunity and rarely die from malaria as adults,' said Murray, IHME director and the study's lead author. 'What we have found in hospital records, death records, surveys and other sources shows that just is not the case.' Most deaths are still in children, but a fifth are among those aged 15 to 49, 9% are among 50- to 69-year-olds and 6% are in people over 70, so a third of all deaths are in adults. In countries outside sub-Saharan Africa, more than 40% of deaths were in adults. In Africa, though, the contribution of malaria to children's deaths is higher than had been thought, causing 24% of their deaths in 2008 and not 16% as found by a report by Black and colleagues, whose methodology was used in the World Malaria Report. That means that malaria needs a higher priority if the millennium development goal of cutting child mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015 is to be achieved, say the authors. They add: 'That malaria is a previously unrecognised driver of adult mortality also means that the benefits and cost-effectiveness of malaria control, elimination and eradication are likely to have been underestimated.' There is a need, they say, to pay attention to the risks malaria poses to adults and they support the recent strategy to hand out insecticide-impregnated bed nets to protect all members of the household against mosquitoes carrying malaria parasites, instead of insisting they are only for babies and pregnant women, as was originally the case. Malaria deaths have come down by 32% from 1.8 million in 2004 to 1.2 million in 2010 because of the sustained effort to get bed nets into homes, indoor spraying and new artemisinin combination drugs—older anti-malarials do not work in many areas because the parasite has developed resistance to them. More than two-thirds of this has been paid for by the Geneva-based global fund, which has suffered from donors' unwillingness to invest more money. Professor Rifat Atun, director of strategy, performance and evaluation at the fund, said more than $2.5bn (￡1.6bn) had been disbursed for malaria control between 2009 and 2011. By the end of 2011, 235m bed nets had been distributed. Money that had been pledged was still coming in, he said, which meant it would be able to invest substantially this year and next. 'What we are not able to achieve is the rate of increase in investment of the last few years. The trajectory we have been able to establish will not be realised,' he said. 'Given the new burden that Christopher Murray has been able to show, we really need to ramp up investments in malaria and that really needs more funding. The mortality figures are much, much larger. We need to double our efforts to address the burden that we have.' The Department for International Development said: 'We are committed to helping halve malaria deaths in at least 10 of the worst affected countries. We will do this by increasing the number of bed nets used by women and children; improving the diagnosis and treatment of malarial; and strengthening health information systems to better monitor progress and target interventions.' —Guardian

填空题Questions 26-27

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填空题Questions 1-5 Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer./r/n /r/n /r/n Your Best Furniture/r/n /r/n ITEM/r/n REQUIRED/r/n PRICE/r/n /r/n Bed/r/n (1) size/r/n ￡189/r/n /r/n (2) /r/n White colour/r/n ￡69/r/n /r/n Dinner table/r/n Round with (3) /r/n (4) /r/n /r/n Wardrobe/r/n (5) /r/n ￡399

填空题Questions 11-14 Complete the summary below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. After high school some people travel, find a(an) (11) or take on temporary work to save mone3 for further education. If you decide to go straight on to more study, to start with you should think about your (12) You'll also need to consider whether your (13) will help you eventually get a good job. After course selection, you should decide on study goals: how many papers to take and what (14) you want to achieve.

填空题For students, the maximum books one can borrow are 12 items.

填空题Listen to the advertisement and fill out the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each blank. Apartment Address: Located at 3 1, Baiziwan Road, Chaoyang District Traffic Conditions: 10 minutes’ walk to subway line one 4 2 driving distance away from the airport

填空题Complete the summary below using words from the box.Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet.While the Nutcracker is more able to cache seeds, the Jay relies【R1】______on caching food and is thus less specialized in this ability, but more【R2】______.To study their behavior of caching and finding their caches, an experiment was designed and carried out to test these two birds for their ability to remember where they hid the seeds.In the experiment, the cacher bird hid seeds in the ground while the other【R3】______. As a result, the Nutcracker and the Mexican Jay showed different performance in the role of【R4】______at finding the seeds — the observing【R5】______didn't do as well as its counterpart.less more solitary social cacher observerremembered watched Jay Nutcracker

填空题what is the most wonderful thing of the trip? B. the fun company in evening.

填空题Complete the summary below. Choose words and phrases from the box below the summary and write your answers in boxes 28-35 on your Answer Sheet. Note: use each word or phrase ONCE only. Many people are unaware of the (28) to land that salinity is causing in countries like Australia. Salinity has many causes, including (29) and short-sighted farming strategies like over-irrigation. Even though salts are present in many soils and waterways, native plants (30) to ensure that salt remained in the groundwater, under the root zones. Introduced or exotic species of plants with their different needs and plant structure, allow more (31) into the soil, causing the (32) to rise. Because salts cannot be evaporated, as they rise with the groundwater and reach the (33) the high level of salts cause salinisation. The resultant rising salt levels can have detrimental effects on all biological groups not only at the (34) . If we do not take note of the (35) the costs involved in repairing the salt damage will be considerable. land clearing　　　　　recharge zone　　　　　warning signs had evaporated　　　　 salinity level　　　　 European had recharged　　　　　trees　　　　　　　　　had adapted water table　　　　　　surface　　　　　　　　farming difficulties habitats　　　　　　　 government　　　　　　 water rainwater　　　　　　　degradation　　　　　　air

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