It is better for people to be unemployed than to be employed without a job they enjoy. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2014-11-01)

Complete the summary below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet.In 1980s, research studies were designed to test the subject called Theory of Mind that if children have the ability to represent the reality. First experiments were carried out on this subject on a boy. And questions had been made on where the boy can find the location of the【R21】______. But it was accused that it had excessive 【R22】______. So second modified experiment was conducted involving two dolls, and most children passed the test at the age of 【R23】______. Then Lewis and Dunn researched 【R24】______children in a certain place, and found children who have more interaction such as more conversation with 【R25】______actually have better performance in the test, and peer interaction is 【R26】______because of consisting pretending elements.

Do the problems brought by international travel outweigh the advantages?

What does Chloe decide about the following subjects? Write the correct letter, A, B or C, next to questions 26-30.A She will study it. B She won't study it. C She might study it.Subjects

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. The "Extinct" Grass in BritainA The British grass interrupted brome was said to be extinct, just like the Dodo. Called interrupted brome because of its gappy seed-head, this unprepossessing grass was found nowhere else in the world. Gardening experts from the Victorian Era were first to record it. In the early 20th century, it grew far and wide across southern England. But it quickly vanished and by 1972 was nowhere to be found. Even the seeds stored at the Cambridge University Botanic Garden as an insurance policywere dead, having been mistakenly kept at room temperature. Fans of the grass were devastated.B However, reports of his decline were not entirely correct. Interrupted brome has enjoyed a revival, one that's not due to science. Because of the work of one gardening enthusiast, interrupted brome is thriving as a pot plaht. The relaunching into the wild of Britain's almost extinct plant has excited conservationists everywhere.C Originally, Philip Smith didn't know that he had the very unusual grass at his own home. When he heard about the grass becoming extinct, he wanted to do something surprising. He attended a meeting of the British Botanical Society in Manchester in 1979, and seized his opportunity. He said that it was so disappointing to hear about the demise of the interrupted brome. "What a pity we didn't research it farther!" he added. Then, ail of a sudden he displayed his pots with so called "extinct grass" for all to see.D Smith had kept the seeds from the last stronghold of the grass, Pamisford in 1963. It was then when the grass started to disappear from the wild. Smith cultivated the grass, year after year. Ultimately, it was his curiosity in the plant that saved it, not scientific or technological projects that aim to conserve plants.E For now, the bromes future is guaranteed. The seeds from Smith's plants have been securely stored in the cutting edge facilities of Millennium Seed Bank at Wakehurst Place in Sussex. And living plants thrive at me botanic gardens at Kew, Edinburgh and Cambridge. This year, seeds are also saved at sites all across the country and the grass now flourishes at several public gardens too.F The grass will now be reintroduced to the British countryside. As a part of the Species Recovery Project, the organisation English Nature will re-introduce interrupted brome into the agricultural landscape, provided willing farmers are found. Alas, die grass is neither beautiful nor practical, it is undoubtedly a weed, a weed that nobody cares for these days. The brome was probably never widespread enough to annoy farmers and today, no one would appreciate its productivity or nutritious qualities. As a grass, it leaves a lot to be desired by agriculturalists.G Smith's research has attempted to answer the question of where the grass came from. His research points to mutations from other weedy grasses as the most likely source. So close is the relationship that interrupted brome was originally deemed to be a mere variety of soft brome by the great Victorian taxonomist Professor Hackel. A botanist from the 19th century, Druce, had taken notes on the grass and convinced his peers that the grass deserved its own status as a species. Despite Druce growing up in poverty and his self-taught profession, he became the leading botanist of his time.H Where the grass came from may be clear, but the timing of its birth may be tougher to find out. A clue lies in its penchant for growing as a weed in fields shared with a fodder crop, in particular nitrogen-fixing legumes such as sainfoin, lucerne or clover. According to agricultural historian Joan Thirsk, the humble sainfoin and its company were first noticed in Britain in the early 17th century. Seeds brought in from the Continent were sown in pastures to feed horses and other livestock. However, back then, only a few enthusiastic gentlemen were willing to use the new crops for their prized horses.I Not before too long though, the need to feed the parliamentary armies in Scotland, England and Ireland was more pressing than ever. Farmers were forced to produce more bread, cheese and beer. And by 1650 the legumes were increasingly introduced into arable rotations, to serve as green nature to boost grain yields. A bestseller of its day, Nathaniel Fiennes's Sainfoin Improved, published in 1671, helped to spread the word. With the advent of sainfoin, clover and lucerne, Britain's very own rogue grass had suddenly arrived.J Although the credit for the discovery of interrupted brome goes to a Miss A. M. Barnard, who collected the first specimens at Odsey, Bedfordshire, in 1849, the grass had probably lurked undetected in the English countryside for at least a hundred years. Smith thinks the plant—the world's version of the Dodo—probably evolved in the late 17th or early 18th century, once sainfoin became established. Due mainly to the development of the motor car and subsequent decline of fodder crops for horses, the brome declined rapidly over the 20th century. Today, sainfoin has almost disappeared from the countryside, though occasionally its colourful flowers are spotted in lowland nature reserves. More recently artificial fertilizers have made legume rotations unnecessary.K The close relationship with out-of-fashion crops spells trouble for those seeking to re-establish interrupted brome in today's countryside. Much like the once common arable weeds, such as the corncockle, its seeds cannot survive long in the soil. Each spring, the brome relied on farmers to resow its seeds; in the days before weed killers and advanced seed sieves, an ample supply would have contaminated supplies of crop seed. However fragile seeds are not the brome's only problem: this species is also unwilling to release its seeds as they ripen. According to Smith, the grass will struggle to survive even in optimal conditions. It would be very difficult to thrive amongst its more resilient competitors found in today's improved agricultural landscape.L Nonetheless, interrupted brome's reluctance to thrive independently may have some benefits. Any farmer willing to foster this unique contribution to the world's flora can rest assured that the grass will never become an invasive pest. Restoring interrupted brome to its rightful home could bring other benefits too, particularly if this strange species is granted recognition as a national treasure. Thanks to British farmers, interrupted brome was given the chance to evolve in the first place. Conservationists would like to see the grass grow once again in its natural habitat and perhaps, one day, seeing the grass become a badge of honour for a new generation of environmentally conscious farmers.Questions 1-8Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-8 on you answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts with the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. Radiocarbon Dating The Profile of Nancy AthfieldHave you ever picked up a small stone off the ground and wondered how old it was? Chances are, that stone has been around many more years than your own lifetime. Many scientists share this curiosity about the age of inanimate objects like rocks, fossils and precious stones. Knowing how old an object is can provide valuable information about our prehistoric past. In most societies, human beings have kept track of history through writing. However, scientists are still curious about the world before writing, or even the world before humans. Studying the age of objects is our best way to piece together histories of our pre-historic past. One such method of finding the age of an object is called radiocarbon dating. This method can find the age of any object based on the kind of particles and atoms that are found inside of the object. Depending on what elements the object is composed of, radiocarbon can be a reliable way to find an object's age. One famous specialist in this method is the researcher Nancy Athfield. Athfield studied the ancient remains found in the country of Cambodia. Many prehistoric remains were discovered by the local people of Cambodia. These objects were thought to belong to some of the original groups of humans that first came to the country of Cambodia. The remains had never been scientifically studied, so Nancy was greatly intrigued by the opportunity to use modern methods to discover the true age of these ancient objects.Athfield had this unique opportunity because her team, comprised of scientists and filmmakers, were in Cambodia working on a documentary. The team was trying to discover evidence to prove a controversial claim in history: that Cambodia was the resting place for the famous royal family of Angkor. At that time, written records and historic accounts conflicted on the true resting place. Many people across the world disagreed over where the final resting place was. For the first time, Athfield and her team had a chance to use radiocarbon dating to find new evidence. They had a chance to solve the historic mystery that many had been arguing over for years.Athfield and her team conducted radiocarbon dating of many of the ancient objects found in the historic site of Angkor Wat. Nancy found the history of Angkor went back to as early as 1620. According to historic records, the remains of the Angkor royal family were much younger than that, so this evidence cast a lot of doubt as to the status of the ancient remains. The research ultimately raised more questions. If the remains were not of the royal family, then whose remains were being kept in the ancient site? Athfield's team left Cambodia with more questions unanswered. Since Athfield's team studied the remains, new remains have been unearthed at the ancient site of Angkor Wat, so it is possible that these new remains could be the true remains of the royal family. Nancy wished to come back to continue her research one day.In her early years, the career of Athfield was very unconventional. She didn't start her career as a scientist. At the beginning, she would take any kind of job to pay her bills. Most of them were low-paying jobs or brief community service opportunities. She worked often but didn't know what path she would ultimately take. But eventually, her friend suggested that Athfield invest in getting a degree. The friend recommended that Athfield attend a nearby university. Though doubtful of her own qualifications, she applied and was eventually accepted by the school. It was there that she met Willard Libby, the inventor of radiocarbon dating. She took his class and soon had the opportunity to complete hands-on research. She soon realised that science was her passion. After graduation, she quickly found a job in a research institution.After college, Athfield's career in science blossomed. She eventually married, and her husband landed a job at the prestigious organisation GNN. Athfield joined her husband in the same organisation, and she became a lab manager in the institution. She earned her PhD in scientific research, and completed her studies on a kind of rat when it first appeared in New Zealand. There, she created original research and found many flaws in the methods being used in New Zealand laboratories. Her research showed that the subject's diet led to the fault in the earlier research. She was seen as an expert by her peers in New Zealand, and her opinion and expertise were widely respected. She had come a long way from her old days of working odd jobs. It seemed that Athfield's career was finally taking off.But Athfield's interest in scientific laboratories wasn't her only interest. She didn't settle down in New Zealand. Instead, she expanded her areas of expertise. Athfield eventually joined the field of Anthropology, the study of human societies, and became a well-qualified archaeologist. It was during her blossoming career as an archaeologist that Athfield became involved with the famous Cambodia project. Even as the filmmakers ran out of funding and left Cambodia, Athfield continued to stay and continue her research.In 2003, the film was finished in uncertain conclusions, but Nancy continued her research on the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat. This research was not always easy. Her research was often delayed by lack of funding, and government paperwork. Despite her struggles, she committed to finishing her research. Finally, she made a breakthrough. Using radiocarbon dating, Athfield completed a database for the materials found in Cambodia. As a newcomer to Cambodia, she lacked a complete knowledge of Cambodian geology, which made this feat even more difficult. Through steady determination and ingenuity, Athfield finally completed the database. Though many did not believe she could finish, her research now remains an influential and tremendous contribution to geological sciences in Cambodia. In the future, radiocarbon dating continues to be a valuable research skill. Athfield will be remembered as one of the first to bring this scientific method to the study of the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 1-7 on you answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts with the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3? In boxes 32-35 on you answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts with the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

Choose TWO letters, A-E.Which TWO things make the museum unusual?A the guidesB the eventsC the animalsD the buildingsE the objects

Choose the correct letter, A, BorC

Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.A【R24】______accused Jonathan Aitken, a former cabinet minister, who was selling and buying with【R25】______. Aitken's case collapsed in June 1997, when the defence finally found indisputable evidence about his Paris trip. He was deemed to have his【R26】______. They revealed that not only was Aitken's daughter not with him that day, but also that the minister had simply got into his car and drove off, with no vehicle in pursuit.

Detailed reporting of crime has bad effects. Consequently, such details should not be reported in the media. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Some people think that "vertical city" is the best, where people live and work in tall buildings. Others think that "horizontal city" is better, where there are few tall buildings. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (2014-12-06)

Complete the sentences below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet.

Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.How to kill bad insectsChemical methodsThese solutions to insect problems often are not worthwhile because:a)They are effective on a 【L36】______b)They can bring harm to 【L37】______c)Insects become 【L38】______to the chemicals quickly.Biological methodsThese methods are 【L39】______than chemical methods of eliminating insects.Breeding controlIn order to control the breeding of insects, one needs to understand the insects' 【L40】______

ChooseFIVEanswersfromtheboxandwritethecorrectletter,A-G,nexttoquestions16-20.ACVBnamesofrefereesCworkpermitDrecruitmentseminarEevidenceofqualificationsFconditionsofemploymentGinitialinterview

Most countries want to improve their standard of living through economic development, while others think social values are lost as a result. Do you think the advantages of economic development outweigh the disadvantages?

Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Phone interviewName: John MurphyExample AnswerPosition applying for: lifeguardStreet Address: 45【L1】______ CourtContact phone number: 【L2】______Current part-time job: 【L3】______Previous job at Ridgemont High School: 【L4】______Additional relevant work experience: 【L5】______Relevant skills/qualifications: CPR certification &【L6】______CPR certification expiration date: 【L7】______Preferred weekly shift: 【L8】______Time available to start work: 【L9】______Advertisement source: 【L10】______

Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Product Incident ReportExample AnswerProduct: rice cookerModel Number: 【L1】______.Price of the Product: 【L2】￡______.Name of the Branch: 【L3】______.Problem: 【L4】______

Some people say that it's better to teach students language in small classes, while others think the number of people does not matter. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (2014-12-04)

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 19-21 on your answer sheet.