问答题PART TWOHow to approach Writing Test Part Two· Part Two counts for two thirds of the total marks in the Writing Test.· You should spend about 30 minutes on Part Two.· You will be asked to write a report, proposal or piece of business correspondence.· You will be given information, such as a letter, advertisement, or charts and graphs, as the starting point for your answer, and will be told who to write to.· About five 'handwritten' notes will also be given. You must use all these notes when writing your answer, and will need to invent information in connection with some of them. If you leave out any of the five notes, you will lose marks,Planning· Read the instructions carefully so that you know what do, and underline the key words.· Make an outline plan, putting the five notes into a suitable order.Writing· Start your answer by briefly saying why you are writing.· Express your ideas clearly.· Try to use a wide range of appropriate vocabulary and grammatical structures.· For a piece of business correspondence, include suitable openings and closings (e.g. Dear Ms Smith and Yours sincerely with your signature), but no addresses.· Do not present a report or proposal in the form of a letter.· Make the formality of the language suitable for the reader(s).Checking· After writing, read what you have written, correct mistakes and make improvements. If you want to add anything, use a sign, e.g. *. Put a line through anything you want to omit. Don't rewrite the whole of your answer.· Make sure the examiner will be able to read your answer. Use a pen and your normal handwriting (do not write in capital letters).· Check that you have written your answer in 120-140 words.· You work for Jango, a kitchen furniture manufacturer. Jango wants to start selling in Scotland, and is looking for an agency to handle its advertising there. In a business directory you have seen an entry for the advertising agency Westgate & Steyne.· Read Westgate & Steyne's entry below, on which you have made some notes.· Then, using all your notes, write a letter to Marion Westgate at Westgate & Steyne.· Write 120- 140 words.

问答题You'll also need to add some Capital Letters. to departmental manager from human resources manager date 15 september subject overseas trainee placement scheme as requested i enclose a copy of the scheduled programme for the trainee initiation week it will be held from 23 october to 27 october following your secretarys telephone call i have set aside a session for you to speak to the participants i have scheduled this for monday 23 october starting at 3 O0 pm i am now completing the final arrangements for the week accordingly i would be grateful if you could confirm that the proposed time on monday will be convenient for you in addition i would also appreciate receiving any comments you may have on the programme by friday of this week if possible

问答题She isn't in the office today,______?

问答题She gave me some information. This information was supposed to be confidential. ______

问答题{{B}}Part one{{/B}} You have to change the date of a meeting with a client, Mr. John Williams. {{B}} ·Write an e-mail of 40—50 words to your personal assistant: ·Telling her that you have to change the arrangements for the meeting. ·Giving the reason for the change. ·Asking her to make new arrangements with the client. ·Write on your answer sheet.{{/B}}

问答题A. WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN...? SELECTING APPLICANTS FOR A JOB ·WORK EXPERIENCE ·PERSONAL QUALITIES B. WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN...? CHOOSING A SUPPLIER ·PRICE AND DISCOUNTS ·REPUTATION C. WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN...? AIMING TO IMPROVE PRODUCTION QUALITY ·UP-TO-DATE EQUIPMENT ·STAFF TRAINING

问答题{{B}}Part two{{/B}} You recently attended a one-day training course. You were disappointed with many aspects of the event, and have decided to write a letter of complaint to the company that ran it. Write your letter to the company, including the following information: {{B}} ·Which course you attended; ·What was unsatisfactory; ·What you had hoped to gain from the course; ·What you expect to happen now. ·Write 120—140 words on the separate answer paper provided. {{B}}{{/B}}{{/B}}

问答题Have you ever made any three or five year plan for your career?

问答题PARTTWO·YouareworkingforanEconomicResearchCenteroftheChineseGovernment.YouhavebeenaskedtowriteashortreportabouttheinformationofthesectionaldistributionofFDI(ForeignDirectInvestment)inChinamanufacturingfields.·Lookatthepiechartonwhichyouhavemadesomenotes.·Usingyournotes,writeyourreportwhichwillsummarizetheinformationbelowandtrytogivesomereasonsforthedistribution.·Write120-140words.

问答题Women Dominate the Global Market Place: Here Are 5 Keys to Reaching Them Today, it is the woman in a household who makes the decisions in the majority of purchases—not only in the home with food and cars, but with services such as banking and health care. This is extremely challenging for many companies to understand, as it requires a huge shift in thinking and how business has historically been done. Add to this the fact that we often have a strong emotional connection to the women in our lives, so we hate to admit that we might not understand them—causing more ignorance than necessary, even if we are women ourselves. But ignore her at your own peril: Globally, women consumers control ＄20 trillion in consumer spending. They make the final decision for buying 91 percent of home purchases, 65 percent of the new cars, 80 percent of health care choices, and 66 percent of computers. So how do you create meaningful experiences—in small and large ways—that make this consumer feel understood.9 First, appreciate that the consumer journey is much larger than just the purchase of a product. And when a consumer is deciding on a product or service, she considers many more factors than just the bottom line. Being aware of these seemingly subtle differences can make the difference between a consumer making a one-time purchase and developing on-going loyal relationship with a brand. (1) Acknowledge Her Influence Women are looking for experiences that help them build satisfying relationships with the products they choose. When women shop, they need to feel comfortable and wanted at every point in the decision-making process in order to make that purchase and to become a brand ambassador—and even more so in traditionally male realms, such as technology. This insight may sound easy or entirely obvious, but it's new to many industries and requires a complete shift in retail strategy and design to execute. To reach women, Sprint has refocused away from tech industry jargon. The work Continuum, an innovation consulting firm, has done with Sprint over the past few years shows how much of a change is required to meet the needs of this new generation of woman consumers. Women make up more than half of Sprint's store traffic and make or influence 80 percent of purchases. In the past, Sprint corporate retail stores were narrowly focused on product and technology. Customer-facing communications were dominated by device imagery and complicated industry-specific jargon—representing the days when technology was considered male-and gadget-focused. Over the last couple of years, however, Sprint has refocused everything from the company's retail design to their customer interactions to speak more clearly to women consumers. "Our stores used to be organized around phones for business or for entertainment," says Mark Rexroat, Director of Retail Communications at Sprint. "We recognized the importance of women in the market, either in professional roles or in a new emerging super-morn role, where they often serve as the family's communication hub and as CEO of the household. She is juggling so many roles in her life that we have an opportunity to help her be as productive as possible." Now, in-store communications tell a more lifestyle-focused story with imagery and customer-centric language that helps customers understand the benefits and relevance of the technology, rather than focusing on the pure tech specs of the devices themselves. "We've also increased the personal service levels in our stores, with programs like? Ready Now," which insures that all customers receive help configuring their service and getting started on the right path with their new phone before they ever leave the store,9 says Rexroat. The 2011 visual direction continues to support Sprint's focus on family as a key customer in their stores. Sprint recognizes that morns are central in making the decision to buy. As such, she's represented in the photography as a professional woman, as well as a morn. They understand that making the store a place where she sees herself portrayed in an aspirational way and with honor and respect, is important for their female customer—and their business. (2) Join Her Circle Throughout the entire consumer journey, women use each other as experts, and themselves as the ultimate experience filter. Women are heavily influenced by other women's opinions throughout the purchasing journey and they look to each other as sources of advice and for real-time reviews of products. As a result of this powerful communication, businesses can quickly decline or improve based on how they adopt to these new realities. In the US, women rule the blogosphere—managing, creating, and sharing consumer opinions on products with every keystroke. In fact, a recent ComScore report on women and the web found that their influence online is gaining massive momentum globally. They reported that, "Once women connect, they engage; once they engage, they embrace; once they embrace, they drive. And that's the future. The Internet: It's women's work." The same power of influence is at work in emerging markets as well. In Indonesia, traditional trade—the complex network of open markets, corner stores, kiosks, and street vendors where the majority of people buy their food, drink, and household goods—is largely done by women and has remained the main method by which purchases are made, even with the invasion of the hypermarkets. It was predicted that it would disappear, but it hasn't. A multinational consumer packaged goods client of Continuum's wanted to understand why this was the case, and how their products could secure a bigger presence in it. Traditional trade stores are still present because they offer the community more than the huge markets: The shop owner offers advice to make sure their customers get the right product the first time, helping the consumer to save money. There's a level of trust between shop owner and customer because the owner is personally vetting each product in the store, creating a win-win for each side. This essential part of the community is not disappearing. A global brand can enter this system successfully only when they build relationships with the customers, creating trust, and helping the community—whether online or on the ground—in meaningful ways. (3) Understand Her Similarities By understanding how women balance time, money, and well-being, you understand the unconscious dialogue she goes through at every point in the decision-making process. Continuum spends a lot of time shopping with women in all sorts of venues, in all corners of the globe. And from this experience, patterns emerge. When making decisions, especially for the purchases that affect more than just her, women weigh a few common factors in their minds: time, money, and well-being. The companies that address these needs have an opportunity to create a customized offering and a far better shopping experience. Offering unique ways to make the shopping experience easier and more fulfilling is key. From Continuum's work with Procter & Gamble helping them to find new opportunities to working with Target to redesign their shopping cart, Continuum knows that designing experiences that give a woman consumer a sense of comfort that stretches past the product or service to create loyalty. For example, creating products with improved maneuverability and ergonomics, whether it's something small but touched daily, like the grip on a bottle or something larger like a shopping cart, saves a consumer frustration and valuable time. In return, she has a better experience and is more likely to stay longer and come back again sooner. Nordstrom is a great example of a brand that has built their business on service. Although it may not be the least expensive department store out there, the services the store offers have earned the loyalty of women, especially mothers. They have large lounges where new mothers feel comfortable breast-feeding and they've implemented an unconditional return policy that makes it easy to shop for family members who are not available to try on clothing in the store. And Nordstrom has unique services, such as a free shoe-tying class for children, that helps build a local community feeling and gives morns the freedom to shop, browse, and relax knowing that their child is having fun and learning a valuable new skill. It's this holistic approach, either through physical touch points or the smart design of services, that addresses needs and build positive experiences women want. (4) Respect Her Differences Moving from traditional "life milestones" to chosen "life stages", women no longer have a single path that defines them. Life stages and traditional roles have gotten completely mixed up. Not long ago, women finished school, got married, became a mother, raised kids, maybe returned to work, and retired, all in that order. Now, there are no roles. For the first time in history, no combination of statistics creates a majority in the US when it comes to motherhood. A woman can be 25, 35, or 45 and have a one-year old. Her main career could be in her 30s or 60s. She can choose to have kids in her 20s or 40s or choose to forgo motherhood altogether. All of these women, at various life stages, will have very different life experiences and approaches to family, even when raising exactly the same aged child. The 25-year old will have the support of her parent, whereas the boomer parent may have the added responsibility of taking care of her aging parent. A woman today might start a career, decide to take a break, and volunteer in another country for a few years before starting a completely new career. The possibilities are endless and assumptions can lead to false conclusions. As a society, the majority of new parents are now Gen Y, not Gen X. And Gen Y women view motherhood in a completely new light. While working for a major global manufacturer of morn and infant products, Continuum discovered the need to change the thinking from focusing on working morns versus stay-at-home morns to a new generation of blended part-time working/part-time stay-at-home morns who identify strongly as equal decision makers with their partners. It's a key insight that has lead to major changes in their business, from product design to communications. (5) Grow with Her The majority of products and services offered today serve up empty features and gratuitous gestures to reach women, making them pink and soft, feminine and frilly, relying on dated gender stereotypes, rather than in-depth research. The businesses that will grow with women's advancing economic power are ones that: ·Will respect that she is not a niche group with a single answer ·Will join her circle, listening to what she is saying and asking her opinion ·Acknowledge her influence and include her above and beyond the point of purchase ·Understand that she is a holistic thinker when making every purchase decision Companies who devote time, resources and energy to understanding this key consumer will create a winning situation and speak to "the whole her".

问答题PartTwo·Thestaffatyourcompanywererecentlyaskedwhattheythoughtaboutthecom-panycanteen.Yourlinemanagerhasaskedyoutowriteaproposalsummarizingtheiropinionsandsuggestingpossibleimprovements.·Lookattheinformationbelow,onwhichyouhavealreadymadesomehandwrittennotes.·Then,usingallyourhandwrittennotes,writeyourproposal.·Write120-140words.

问答题PART ONE · You are a customer service manager in a big supermarket Recently you have received some complaints from customers. · Write a memo to the staff in your department: · informing them about what the customers complain about · pointing out the possible reasons for the complaints · proposing the ways to solve the problem. · Write 40-50 words. MEMOTo:From:Date:Subject:

问答题A: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN...? Planning a presentation ·Audience ·Equipment needed B: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN...? Selecting an interpreter for a meeting with foreign clients ·Experience ·Reliability C: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN...? Introducing a new product range onto the market ·Timing ·Advance publicity ·

问答题Practise discussing this task and answering the questions that follow.Promotional videoThe company you work for has decided to produce a promotional video about the company and its activities.You have been asked to make suggestions about the video. Discuss the situation together, and decide:· which aspects of the company should be shown in the film· which members of staff should appear in the film.Follow-up questions: · Have you seen examples of effective promotional videos? · What are the advantages to a company of having a promotional video? · What other forms of promotion are effective? · Might there be some forms of promotion which would not be effective? · Do you think technology is changing the ways companies promote themselves?

问答题What is important when...? Conducting a market research · Defining the problems · Creating a research plan · ·

问答题He'll still be working on his report at S pm. Oh no, ______ -______

问答题More and more, ______ shoppers are by-passing ______ household names for cheaper no-name products ______ shelf over. This shows that even ______ biggest and strongest brands in ______ world are vulnerable.

问答题PART ONE· You are the Customer Service Manager in a telemobile company who has received a call from a customer complaining about the delay of delivery.· Write a memo to your secretary: · Telling her about the claim · Mentioning the serial number of the order and date of delivery · Asking for relevant files and the duplicate invoice· Write 40--50 words on a separate sheet MEMODear Ms Jones,

问答题(1) Causes of Globalization What explains this globalization? It is certainly not attributable to conquest, the source of most previous historical episodes where a single economic system has held sway over a vast geographical terrain. The source lies instead in the development of technology. The costs of transport, of travel, and above all the costs of communicating information have fallen dramatically in the postwar period, almost entirely because of the progress of technology. A 3-minute telephone call from the USA to Britain cost ＄12 in 1946, whereas today it can cost as little as 48 cents, despite the fact that consumer prices have multiplied by over eight times in the intervening period. The first computers were lumbering away with piles of punched cards in the early postwar years, and telegrams provided the only rapid means of written communication. There was no fax or internet or e-mail or world-wide web, no PCs or satellites or cell-phones. Today we witness phenomena that no futurist dreamed of half a century ago, such as Indians with medical degrees residing in Bangalore who earn a living by acting as secretaries to American doctors by transcribing their tapes overnight. It is clearly the availability of cheap, rapid and reliable communications that permits such phenomena, just as this is the key to the integration of the international capital market. I presume the same factor is important in nurturing the growth of multinational corporations, since it is this which enables them to exploit their intellectual property efficiently in a variety of locations without losing the ability to maintain control from head office. But I would surmise that other factors are also at work, such as the spread of consumer knowledge about what is available that comes from travel and from advertising, itself encouraged by the communications revolution and its children like CNN. The reduction in transport costs is also a key factor underlying the growth in trade. Of course, it needed a reasonably peaceful world to induce economic agents to exploit the opportunities for globalization presented by technological progress. But the technological basis for the phenomenon of globalization implies that, barfing an end to the "Pax Americana" or else extremely vigorous conscious actions to reverse the process, globalization is here to stay. (2) Consequences of Globalization Globalization certainly permits an increase in the level of global output. Whether as a result of the old Heckscher-Ohlin theory of the basis of comparative advantage as lying in different factor abundance in different countries, or as a result of the new trade theories that explain trade by increasing returns to scale, trade will increase world output. 2 Likewise FDI brings the best technology, and other forms of intellectual capital, to countries that would otherwise have to make do without it, or else invest substantial resources in reinventing the wheel for themselves. It may also bring products that would otherwise be unavailable to the countries where the investment occurs, which presumably increases the quality, and therefore the value, of world output. And international capital flows can transfer savings from countries where the marginal product of capital is low to those where it is high, which again increases world output. Globalization must be expected to influence the distribution of income as well as its level. So far as the distribution of income between countries is concerned, standard theory would lead one to expect that all countries will benefit. Economists have long preached that trade is mutually beneficial, and most of us believe that the experience of widespread growth alongside rapidly growing trade in the postwar period serves to substantiate that. Similarly most FDI goes where a multinational has intellectual capital that can contribute something to the local economy, and is therefore likely to be mutually beneficial to investor and recipient. And a flow of capital that finances a real investment is again likely to benefit both parties, since the yield on the investment is expected to be higher than the rate of interest the borrower has to pay, while that rate of interest is also likely to be higher than the lender could expect at home since otherwise there would have been no incentive to send it abroad. Loose talk about free trade making the rich countries richer and poor countries poorer finds no support in economic analysis. Nor is there any reason for supposing that the North benefits itself at the expense of the South by imposing import restrictions like non-tariff barriers or agricultural subsidies: standard theory says that, while this does indeed impoverish the South, the public in the North also suffers, and it loses more than the producers gain. This suggests that a promising strategy for eliminating such barriers is to seek a coalition with Northern consumers, rather than to engage in North-bashing which will simply alienate potential Northern allies. The effects on domestic income distribution are less clear. Standard theory says that trade will tend to hurt unskilled labor in rich countries and to help it in poor ones, since the poor countries will be able to export-labor-intensive goods like garments to rich countries, thus increasing the demand for unskilled labor in the poor countries and decreasing it in the rich ones. That is, within rich countries, there is a good analytical reason for arguing that trade will tend to make the rich richer and the poor poorer. There has in recent years been a lively debate among economists in the developed countries as to whether the increase in imports of labor-intensive goods has been a major factor in causing the fall in the relative (and sometimes absolute) wages of the unskilled in these countries: the majority of economists seem to have concluded that it is a contributory factor, but that the major part of the explanation lies instead in the skill-intensive form of technological progress (Cline, 1997). It seems more difficult to doubt that exports of labor-intensive goods have been a factor that has done something to increase the demand for unskilled labor, and therefore to equalize the income distribution, in the exporting countries like Sri Lanka. Hence I find it betrays a sad lack of concern with the prospects of the poor to hear, as I have during this conference, garment exports being denigrated as likely in some unexplained way to bring negative impacts. On the other hand, some of the effects of the communications revolution must surely have had a disequalizing effect on income distribution in these countries: think of the Indian doctors who are acting as secretaries to American doctors rather than treating Indian patients, thereby earning more for themselves and also tending to pull up the pay of other doctors in India, who are relatively affluent by Indian standards. Similarly, differential mobility of skilled versus unskilled labor tends to pull up the salaries of the skilled in developing countries toward world levels, thereby leaving less for the immobile poor. The same result will occur if the owners of highly- mobile capital are able to evade taxes by investing abroad, and also if governments are induced to avoid imposing high tax rates on internationally mobile capital, or on those who might be prompted to emigrate, in the hope of keeping these factors at home. Thus the net effect of globalization on income distribution within developing countries seems to me distinctly ambiguous. What impact is globalization likely to have on the long-term possibilities of economic growth in developing countries? My vision of the growth process is that it takes off when the elite in a developing country comes to understand the opportunities of applying world-class technologies within their country, and introduces institutional arrangements that permit individual pursuit of self-interest to serve, in general, the social good. Once that happens the country is able to grow at a rapid rate, unless some political accident obstructs the process, until it catches up with best-practice technology, and therefore attains the living standards of the developed countries. Globalization is tending to make the technologies and the knowledge for this process to occur more readily available, and therefore to enable the process to be telescoped in time. (Singapore may be a small country, but there is no previous case in history of any country that did not enjoy massive resource discoveries going from stark poverty to affluence in under 30 years.) But it is surely also true that globalization is bringing new dangers. The virulence of the East Asian crisis was primarily a result of countries exposing themselves to the full force of the international capital market before they had built up an unquestioned reputation for being able as well as willing to service their debts come what may, which meant that when investors became concerned about their potential vulnerability as a result of the Thai crisis there were no other investors willing to step in and provide stabilizing speculation even after exchange rates and interest rates had clearly overshot. Of course, one can argue that this increased vulnerability to external shocks has to be weighed against a decreased vulnerability to internal shocks: think how much more Bangladesh would have suffered this year (1998) if the international community had not provided aid to partially offset the cost of the floods, let alone how much more hunger, or even starvation, there would have been bad Bangladesh been unable to import additional rice. But this does not justify dismissing the increased dangers from external shocks. Moreover, I might note that Professor Indraratna offered you a much longer and more imaginative list of dangers than I have here identified, which looks beyond narrow economic questions and considers the role of globalization in spreading such unsavoury phenomena as drugs, crime, and terrorism.