听力题? You will hear part of a business negotiation between Mr. Mitchell and Madam Li. ? For each question 23—30, mark one letter A, B or C for the correct answer. ? You will hear the recording twice. (10 seconds pause) F: We are honoured that you have come to see us, Mr. Mitchell. M: Thank you, Madam Li. We''re pleased to be here and appreciate your willingness to arrange this meeting on such a short notice. F: You have indicated that you would like to explore the possibility of an agency relationship with Sinochem with the intent of developing a market for some of our products in your country and perhaps in Canada as well. M: Yes, that is certainly our current thinking. F: Perhaps before we begin any detailed discussions, I should give you some idea of the scope of activities of Sinochem. M: The name "Sinochem" is well known to us, but we would like a little more information about your company. I should tell you that your branch in the U.S. has already informed us that Export Division No. 4 is responsible for dyes tuffs and pigments. F: Sinochem was established in 1950 and since that time has grown to become one of the largest companies in China, specializing in imports and exports of chemical products. As a result, it has gained a great deal of experience (in foreign trade) and has many foreign clients. The primary products we handle are crude oil and oil products, plastic, rubber, fertilizer and pesticides, as well as dyestuffs and pigments. You expressed a particular interest in our various dyestuffs as well as our pigments. M: I glanced through these catalogues and noted the wide variety of products Sinochem offers. F: You mentioned earlier that you would like to concentrate on dyes for cotton, silk, and linen materials. M: Yes, that is what we intend to do. F: In that case, you may wish to take a look at our sulfur and reactive dyes. Sulfur dyes have been around for a very long time and have been used for dying sturdy work clothing from early history. You will note that the variety of colours in which this sulfur dye is available is somewhat limited, particularly in the bright hues. They are also cheaper than the reactive dyes. M: I gather then that the reactive dyes are used primarily for fine cottons, silk, and linen. F: That is correct. M: I particularly like the wide variety of bright colours available in reactive dyes. Is there any difference in price from one colour to another? F: Yes, there certainly is. The most expensive is the colour, identified as Brilliant Blue KNR, under Sinochem Code No. 9607. A cheaper colour dye would be, for example, Brilliant Red K-2BPi the most economical of course is Black. M: I assume of course that not much expertise is needed in producing black. You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet. (10 seconds pause) ? You will hear part of a business negotiation between Mr. Mitchell and Madam Li. ? For each question 23—30, mark one letter A, B or C for the correct answer. ? You will hear the recording twice. (10 seconds pause) F: We are honoured that you have come to see us, Mr. Mitchell. M: Thank you, Madam Li. We''re pleased to be here and appreciate your willingness to arrange this meeting on such a short notice. F: You have indicated that you would like to explore the possibility of an agency relationship with Sinochem with the intent of developing a market for some of our products in your country and perhaps in Canada as well. M: Yes, that is certainly our current thinking. F: Perhaps before we begin any detailed discussions, I should give you some idea of the scope of activities of Sinochem. M: The name "Sinochem" is well known to us, but we would like a little more information about your company. I should tell you that your branch in the U.S. has already informed us that Export Division No. 4 is responsible for dyes tuffs and pigments. F: Sinochem was established in 1950 and since that time has grown to become one of the largest companies in China, specializing in imports and exports of chemical products. As a result, it has gained a great deal of experience (in foreign trade) and has many foreign clients. The primary products we handle are crude oil and oil products, plastic, rubber, fertilizer and pesticides, as well as dyestuffs and pigments. You expressed a particular interest in our various dyestuffs as well as our pigments. M: I glanced through these catalogues and noted the wide variety of products Sinochem offers. F: You mentioned earlier that you would like to concentrate on dyes for cotton, silk, and linen materials. M: Yes, that is what we intend to do. F: In that case, you may wish to take a look at our sulfur and reactive dyes. Sulfur dyes have been around for a very long time and have been used for dying sturdy work clothing from early history. You will note that the variety of colours in which this sulfur dye is available is somewhat limited, particularly in the bright hues. They are also cheaper than the reactive dyes. M: I gather then that the reactive dyes are used primarily for fine cottons, silk, and linen. F: That is correct. M: I particularly like the wide variety of bright colours available in reactive dyes. Is there any difference in price from one colour to another? F: Yes, there certainly is. The most expensive is the colour, identified as Brilliant Blue KNR, under Sinochem Code No. 9607. A cheaper colour dye would be, for example, Brilliant Red K-2BPi the most economical of course is Black. M: I assume of course that not much expertise is needed in producing black. You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet. (10 seconds pause)

单选题 · For each question 23-30, mark one letter A, B or C for the correct answer.

单选题The following are objective criteria in performance evaluation except for ______

单选题Impact of Electronic Commerce Today's forward thinking CEO recognizes the (21) of e-commerce as a strategic business issue, not just one more technical issue to be (22) to the IS department, perhaps the existing EDI group. Although a company may have reengineered its (23) business process and perhaps painfully installed an ERP system to bring inefficiencies to the back office, e-commerce is about reengineering outward-facing processes-industry process reengineering. (24) electronic commerce is not just a technology, it is a way of (25) business that has the potential to impact every aspect of the firm's value chain. Implementing full-scale, innovative applications of electronic commerce requires management teams to view the marketplace beyond the typical physical boundaries. The biggest problem that electronic commerce pioneers encounter is the limited set of mental models that (26) our thinking. We tend to think of the web in our "industrial age" (27)— where everything must be described and related to the physical world. If electronic commerce applications are not placed in the proper business context and the strategy (28) with the business' overall business strategy, then the electronic commerce application is likely to fail. Thus, new business models are necessary that (29) electronic commerce initiatives with overall business goals. So first of all, we should discuss the need to align a firm's on-line strategy with its overall business strategy. (30) that discussion, emerging business paradigms that fully embrace the electronic commerce philosophy are going to be discussed, including a new view of the value chain.

单选题According to the second paragraph, why does the differentiated marketing provide a better chance of repeat purchasing?

单选题SHOPPERS on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America, which falls on November 27th this year, are notoriously aggressive. Some even start queuing outside stores before dawn to be the first to lay their hands on heavily discounted merchandise. Last year berserk bargain-hunters in the suburbs of New York City trampled a WalMart employee to death. Despite the frenzy at many stores, however, the recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are abandoning bricks and mortar in favour of online retailers- e-tailers, in the jargon. So this year Black Friday (so named because it is supposed to put shops into profit for the year) also marks the start of many conventional retailers' attempts to regain the initiative. E-commerce holds particular appeal in straitened times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily. Buyers can sometimes avoid local sales taxes online, and shipping is often free. No wonder, then, that online shopping continues to grow even as the offline sort shrinks. In 2008 retail sales grew by a feeble 1% in America and are expected to decline by more than 3% this year, according to the National Retail Federation, a trade body. In contrast, online sales grew by 13% in 2008 to over $141 billion and are predicted to grow by 11% in 2009, according to Forrester, a consultancy. Online-only shopping sites such as Amazon and eBay, two e-commerce giants, have thrived in the downturn. Amazon's sales rose to around $ 5.5 billion in the third quarter of the year. up by almost 30% from a year before. Listings, chiefly from commercial vendors, have surged so rapidly on eBay that its website briefly crashed on November 21st. The range of items available online is also growing. Amazon has started selling groceries. Consumer-goods companies such as Procter & Gamble (P & G) are encouraging the sale of things like nappies (diapers) and laundry detergent online. At the opposite extreme, the internet is also being used to sell luxury goods. Fabergé, a defunct jewellery-maker known for its gem-encrusted eggs, relaunched in September. It will not open any shops but will instead operate only online. The shift in spending to the internet is good news for companies like P & G that lack retail outlets of their own. But it is a big concern for brick-and-mortar retailers, whose prices are often higher than those of e-tailers, since they must bear the extra expense of running stores. Happily, however, conventional retailers are in a better position to fight back than last year, when overstocking forced them to resort to ruinous discounting. Inventories are about 15% lower this year. Some big retailers, such as Saks and Target, have recently reported rising revenues and margins. The concept of " mulichannel" shopping, where people can buy the same items from the same retailer in several different ways online, via their mobile phones and in shops—is gaining ground, and retailers are trying to encourage users of one channel to try another. Growing onlinc traffic may actually increase sales in stores too. According to a spokesman for Macy's, a departmentstore chain, every dollar a consumer spends online with Macy's leads to $ 5.70 in spending at a Macy's store within ten days, because consumers learn about other products online and come into stores to look them over before buying them. Many online retailers offer tools that let people locate the nearest outlet that has a given item in stock. Retailers are also trying to make shopping seem fun and exciting to counteract the economic gloom. One common tactic is to set up " pop-up" stores, which appear for a short time before vanishing again, to foster a sense of novelty and urgency. Following the lead of many bricks-and-mortar outfits, eBay recently launched a pop-up in New York where customers could inspect items before ordering them from kiosks.

单选题A. Sales promotion accounts for greater expenditures than does advertising. Consumer-oriented sales promotions like coupons, games, rebates, samples, premiums, contests, sweepstakes, and promotional products offer an extra incentive to buy a product. Point-of-purchase advertising displays and trade shows are sales promotions directed to the trade markets, Personal selling involves face-to-face interactions between seller and buyer. B. Advertising, the most visible form of non personal promotion, is designed to inform, persuade, or remind. Product advertising promotes a good or service, while institutional advertising promotes a concept, idea, organization, or philosophy. Television, newspapers, and direct mail re present the largest advertising media categories. C. Marketers begin by focusing on their company's target market, product value, time frame, and budget. By analyzing these factors, they develop a promotional mix and allocate re sources and expenditures among personal selling, advertising, sales promotion, and public relations. D. A company's promotional mix integrates two components: personal selling and non personal selling, which includes advertising, sales promotion, and public relations, By selecting the appropriate combination of promotional mix elements, marketers attempt to achieve the firm's five major promotional objectives: provide information, differentiate a product, increase demand, stabilize sales, and accentuate the product's value. E. Many consumers believe that advertising exerts too much influence on buyers and that it deceives customers by exaggerating product claims and consciously blurring the line between promotion and entertainment. Many consumers also question the appropriateness of marketing to children and through schools.

单选题WhatkindofideadoesPaulapromoteonherwebsite?

单选题A. COLEMAN'S As was widely reported, we closely examined the possibility of merging with a food-distribution business during the year. However, whilst the strategic rationale for combination was sound, it became clear that it would not be in our shareholders' best interests to proceed with the deal, with its risk of increasing debt. Instead, we intend to concentrate on our core activity. Nevertheless, the market within which we operate is fiercely competitive, and the advent of new entrants is creating market conditions in which continued earnings growth will become increasingly challenging. B. SHERIFF This is a momentous period for the pharmaceutical industry. Against the background of scientific and economic change, we are seeing inevitable further consolidation of what remains one of the most fragmented of the great global industries. Sheriff will not shrink from participating in this process if circumstances necessitate such action in the interests of future success. However, today, the overwhelming preoccupation of your Board, executive management and staff is with the job at hand, which is to grow the business and deliver the promises we have made in terms of turning around our losses of recent years. C. BVL Profit before taxation was 20m, in comparison with the 32m achieved in the previous year. This disappointing result includes a provision of 26m on one project, due to costs exceeding the guaranteed maximum price quoted to the client. One result is that the Construction Division has been set targets to increase the level of partnering and fee work. Turnover, already stagnant, may decline, but profits are expected to recover. In addition, improvements will be made to the control processes relating to tendering, and to the quality of project management. D. MARTIN'S Martin's has developed a distinctive retail format based on convenient locations for the shopper. Last year's merger of Martin's and Hoyle has provided us with the opportunity to build on our leadership in this neighborhood retail market. Building awareness of the Martin's brand continues, and its visibility and familiarity will grow as we convert Hoyle stores into Martin's operations. In line with our vision, we aim to set the pace in developing new shopping services and channels such as home and office shopping. E. TAYLOR'S Despite a downturn in consumer confidence during the period, we continued to experience positive like-for-like sales growth for the financial year, unlike many others in our peer group. Encroachment by our new openings on 38 of our established restaurants had a 3c7o negative effect on like-for-like sales, but this percentage is certain to be reduced. Since the year-end, our like-for-like sales trend continues to be positive. We have changed a net debt position of ￡11.2m this time last year to net cash of ￡1.7m this year.

单选题What does the writer imply in the fourth paragraph?

单选题Monopoly is one off the peculiar (21) which can affect the sale and purchase of certain commodities. In some markets, there may be only one seller or a (22) of sellers working very closely together to control prices. The result of such monopolistic activity is to fix prices at a level (23) to the seller, a level which may bring him artificially high profits. Many governments dislike this procedure and have taken legal actions to (24) or halt such business activities. In the U. S. anti-trust laws operate to limit cartels and mergers, (25) in Britain the Monopolies Commission examines all special arrangements and mergers referred to them by the Board of Trade. This type of monopoly is not the only (26) however. There are three other forms, state, legal and natural. State monopolies are quite common nowadays, where the (27) in a particular country control industries like steel and transport or important and prestigious revises like national airlines. Legal monopolies are rather different, because the law permits certain individuals to (28) solely from their special inventions, discoveries or processes. No other person may infringe their rights in respect to (29) monopolies. Finally, natural monopoly (30) where a nation or individual possesses most of a particular mineral for reasons of geography and geology.

单选题Which of the following allows employees to set their own goals and determine the manner in which they accomplish their tasks?

单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题Social interaction and acceptance by others are examples of ______