填空题New Developments for an Information-Oriented SocietyThe astounding technological progress that is being achieved recently with electronics as the centerpiece is providing our society with sophisticated means for information processing and distribution. Information channeling technology is undergoing rapid progress and has, in reality, become a decisive factor determining the very future of our society and economy. in our society, "information" is gaining relatively greater significance compared with material resources.Backed by civilian factors such as diversification of philosophies of value and sophistication of needs and preferences in concert with the nation's rising living standard, Japanese society is presently undergoing changes in the extension of economic services and in the industrial structure. Meanwhile, newly coined words such as "information channeling, " "software-based operations" and "de-industrialization" have come into use to make these changes tangible, and whet can be said commonly in connection with these words in that. (9) .The trend toward and information-oriented society is becoming apparent even in industry, with personnel engaged in information channeling professions increasing at a fast pace recently in all sectors of industry. These trends in both society and industry have been made possible primarily through poplar acceptance of the computer, communications equipment and data processing equipment, but further reliance on sophisticated computerized systems can be seen not only in the sector of industry but also in our daily lives. (10) .Information channeling is undergoing remarkable progress an various sectors of society-in industrial activities, public services and, more recently, in daily living.In the sector of industrial activities, automations is continuing with the aim of increasing productivity-introduction of computers for process control by the manufacturing industry, end introduction of NC machine tools, industrial robots, CAD/CAM systems and, more recently, FMS by the processing and assembling industries.Meanwhile, in offices, rapid office automation is presently in progress, stimulated by the popular acceptance of computerized systems, expansion of communications networks and the remarkable technological progress achieved in related equipment such as Japanese word processors. (11) Information channeling is being utilized actively in the field of public services. For example, large-capacity computers were introduced from an early stage for the control of railway trains and for extending seat reservation services, and more recently diagnostic systems utilizing computers have become commonplace in medical care to cope with the steady an aging society, research is in progress to develop technologies related to medical information systems with the aim of improving efficiency in medical services. (12) .In the sector of administration, efficiency of clerical work is being improved through the introduction of computers, and huge volumes of administrative data are more recently being stored in data base systems. "In the wore of these, computers have become indispensable for advancing large-scale R&D projects as in connection with space development and atomic power development, and also in the field of basic research in life sciences. (13) .To cope with civilian needs for more convenience in home living and in order to meet the needs raised by growing diversification of lifestyles, active research is presently in progress to develop and commercialize new media incorporating sophisticated data processing functions for use in addition to existing media involving the television, radio and telephone. In concert, research is being directed at developing technologies related to automation in the home.Progress of Science and Technology Supporting Information ChannelingElectronic element technology, the foundation for progress of the computer as well as communications equipment, has undergone a steady transition form the vacuum tube, followed with the transistor and IC, to the current LSI. Progress has been so dramatic in integration rates that, today, super LSIs integrating more than 100. 00 elements on a single circuit are being developed one after another elements on a single circuit are being developed one after another. (14) .A The Current State of Information Channeling in Japan.B In our society, "information" is gaining relatively greater significance compared with material re- sources.C Rapid automation and efficiency improvement are also being achieved in the sector of commodity distribution through the introduction of advanced POS systems.D Dally living is also a sector in which information channeling is taking firm root.E This progress has led to remarkable improvements in system economy and reliability, leading to the successive development of microcomputers and elements designed for the widest range of applications.F Introduction of Information Systems in Various Sectors Sectors of Society.G This has resulted in computers today that feature performances that were unimaginable in the early days of the computer.H Regarding education, computerized systems including the CAI system and CMI system are presently being put to trial operation.

填空题A. Let's start off by reviewing the formal definitions of each B. All of these elements must not only work independently but they also must work together towards the bigger goal. C. Advertising only equals one piece of the pie in the strategy D. While both components are important they are very different E. Advertising is the largest expense of most marketing plans F. Advertising can be defined as a way to publicize the information consumers need G. After reading both of the definitions it is easy to understand how the difference can be confusing to the point H. We can come a conclusion that all the elements are important for advertisers to note Marketing vs. Advertising: What's the Difference? You will often find that many people confuse marketing with advertising or vice versa. (9) Knowing the difference and doing your market research can put your company on the path to substantial growth. (10) and then I'll go into the explanation of how marketing and advertising differ from one another: Advertising: The paid, public, non-personal announcement of a persuasive message by an identified sponsor; the non-personal presentation or promotion by a firm of its products to its existing and potential customers. Marketing: The systematic planning, implementation and control of a mix of business activities intended to bring together buyers and sellers for the mutually advantageous exchange or transfer of products. (11) that people think of them as one-in-the same, so lets break it down a bit. Advertising is a single component of the marketing process. It's the part that involves get ting the word out concerning your business, product, or the services you are offering. It involves the process of developing strategies such as ad placement, frequency, etc. Advertising includes the placement of an ad in such mediums as newspapers, direct mail, billboards, television, radio, and of course the Internet. (12) with public relations following in a close second and market research not falling far behind.. The best way to distinguish between advertising and marketing is to think of marketing as a pie, inside that pie you have slices of advertising, market research, media planning, public relations, product pricing, distribution, customer support, sales strategy, and community involvement. (13) (14) Marketing is a process that takes time and can involve hours of research for a marketing plan to be effective. Think of marketing as everything that an organization does to facilitate an exchange between company and consumer.

填空题preserve

填空题Our accounts department (inform) ______ me that we (not/yet/ receive) ______ payment for the items we (send)

填空题· Read the job advertisement below.· For each question (31-40), write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. {{B}} Employment with Kinson plc Staff Support Advisers required{{/B}} We are a newly-formed division of Kinson plc, one of the UK's largest quoted companies, and provide business customers {{U}}(31) {{/U}} solutions that combine leading-edge e-commerce technology and an integrated nationwide customer support network. The formation of this new division has created a number of exciting and challenging roles within the call centres of two {{U}}(32) {{/U}} our seven sites. We have vacancies{{U}} (33) {{/U}} Staff Support Advisers. Working closely with the Business Managers, your job will {{U}}(34) {{/U}} to gear the business up for the challenges ahead by implementing a programme of radical change. When completed, this programme will enable the management team to use our people resources more effectively, and {{U}}(35) {{/U}} so doing facilitate the implementation of our company's business plan. You will be involved in all aspects of human resources activity, including providing advice and guidance to your business partners and policy development, in {{U}}(36) {{/U}} to implementing any training and development initiatives the company may launch from time to time. We are looking for talented individuals {{U}}(37) {{/U}} good generalist grounding has been gained in a customer services or customer-focused environment where your flair and ideas {{U}}(38) {{/U}} currently being underused. You must be able to influence business decisions from a human resources perspective and create innovative solutions. You should also be a resilient, adaptable team player, as {{U}}(39) {{/U}} as having a track record of coaching others. In return, an excellent salary and benefits package is {{U}}(40) {{/U}} often The successful applicant will have the advantage of outstanding opportunities for personal development and advancement.

填空题{{B}}Task Two - Outcome{{/B}}· For questions 18-22, match the extracts with the outcomes, listed A-H.· For each extract, choose the outcome of the workshop.· Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract.A More information will be passed down regularly.B A topic was chosen for a future training course.C A procedure for dealing with emergencies was introduced.D Staff recruitment will be reduced.E One of the participants decided to leave the company.F A future meeting will review progress.G Senior management was persuaded to reverse a decision.H The company's appraisal system was abolished.

填空题·Read the article below about flattery.·For each question 31-40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet, {{B}}Fooled by Flattery{{/B}}Being swept along by their followers isn't the only form of influence that leaders need to be wary of. Sometimes, follower influence takes the subtler and gentler form of ingratiation. Must people learn very early in life that a good way to get people to like you{{U}} (31) {{/U}}to show that you like them. Flattery, favors, and frequent compliments all tend to win people{{U}} (32) {{/U}}Leaders, naturally, like those who like them and are more apt to let those they are fond of influence them.For their part, followers think that{{U}} (33) {{/U}}on the boss's good side gives them some measure of job security. Indeed, a recent study indicated{{U}} (34) {{/U}}successful ingratiators gained a 5% edge over other employees in performance evaluations. This kind of margin by{{U}} (35) {{/U}}won't get someone ahead, but in a competitive market, it might{{U}} (36) {{/U}}tip the scale toward one of two people up for a promotion.Everyone loves a sincere compliment, but those who already think highly{{U}} (37) {{/U}}themselves are most susceptible to flattery's charms. Gratuitous ingratiation can create a subtle shift in a leader's attitude toward power. Instead of viewing power as{{U}} (38) {{/U}}to be used in the service of the organization, clients, and stakeholders, the leader treats it as a tool to further personal interests, sometimes at the expense of others in and outside the organization.{{U}} (39) {{/U}}happens as a leader starts to truly believe his press and comes to feel more entitled{{U}} (40) {{/U}}privileges than others.

填空题advice

填空题 · For each extract, there are two tasks. For Task One, choose the stress of each one from the list A-H. For Task Two, choose the suggestions they give to Tim from the list A-H. Task One—Stress · For questions 13-17, match the extracts with the stresses, listed A-H. · For each extract, choose the stress stated. · Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract. A feeling stressed and nervous B having stressful moments at work C feeling stressed and being driven to death D feeling stressful and exhausted E feeling no stress at all F feeling stressed because life is to be worried G feeling stressed and having no way to cope with it H feeling disappointed

填空题to be delivered to the potential buyer abroad, and the delivery of goods

填空题{{B}}PART FOUR{{/B}}{{B}} ·Read the following text. ·Choose the best word to fill each gap. ·For each question 21—30, mark one letter A, B, C or D. {{/B}} Dear Sir,I am writing {{U}}(21) {{/U}} a strong complaint about the {{U}}(22) {{/U}} treatment my guests, my colleague and I received when we visited your restaurant last Friday evening. On hooking a table for four by telephone on Tuesday we were {{U}}(23) {{/U}} that there would be room for us despite the fact that you had only been {{U}}(24) {{/U}} for a few weeks and were already booked.We appreciate that there must be great {{U}}(25) {{/U}} for restaurant meals at this time of the year in such a popular and {{U}}(26) {{/U}} area but we were not expecting such an ill-mannered reception on the part of your head waiter.Our Chinese friends are currently touring the "Shakespeare country" and were looking forward to a traditional English dinner in such a charming setting. But our hopes {{U}}(27) {{/U}} an enjoyable evening out were instantly spoilt when your head waiter informed us that he had received no booking in our name and, so, no table was {{U}}(28) {{/U}} for our party. My colleague and I protested at this and asked to speak to the manager, who, we were told, was unavailable. Your staff then offered us a table which we all had to share with another couple and no effort was made to {{U}}(29) {{/U}} the unpleasantness we had experienced. We also had to wait some {{U}}(30) {{/U}} time before the menu was brought to us.I trust you will give this complaint your prompt attention as the whole embarrassing incident was a great. disappointment to our guests and sets a bad example of our English hospitality. Yours sincerely, Paul J. Weller

填空题We should keep alert in international trade transactions.

填空题They enter their personal details in the till, so that their performance can be

填空题The Operations Function Goods are tangible items purchased by individuals or organizations for subsequent uses. Services are intangible items that are consumed when being provided, with the customer taking away or retaining the benefit of that service. But in many commercial situations, what is provided or produced by an organization can be a mixture of both goods and services. In some situations the product will outweigh the service but in other situations it will be the opposite. The operations function is the part of the organization that exists mainly to generate and produce the products. (9) .They have a conversion process, some resource inputs into that process, the outputs resulting from the conversions of the inputs, and the information feedback about the activities in the operations system. (10) . Economists refer to the transformation of resources into goods and services as the production function. (11) .This process is what creates the revenue for the company making the products or providing the services. (12) . When taking the conversion process into consideration we must take into account that the process is subject to random change and fluctuations. Unplanned or uncontrolled influences may cause the actual output to differ from the planned output. (13) .If there is a circumstance in which the Yangzi River of China was to flood, the production of rice would suffer, therefore causing an increase fluctuation in the price of rice. (14) .Fluctuations may also tend to be caused by internal problems inherent in the conversion process. Faulty equipment, material imperfections, and of course human errors are only a few of the ideas that affect output quality. A Other natural problems such as lightning, frost, drought, too much rain, etc., will tend to be the major reason for the fluctuation in product quality and price because of availability. B All producers of whether it be a physical object or service have some basic elements in common. C For example, all managers in any organization will need to know how to train their employees, appraise their performance, and so forth. D The end product then becomes an idea where it is deemed a useful idea due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability from the conversion process. E For example, such fluctuations in the product quality or price may be due to the growing weather conditions of many plants of fruit and vegetables. F Once a product is made available to the consumer, that product is sold and converted into cash for that company and the cycle continues. G The general goal for all production is to create some kind of value added, so the outputs are worth more to the consumer than just the sum of the individual inputs. H In some situations the product will outweigh the service but in other situations it will be the opposite.

填空题B/E

填空题{{B}}How to approach Reading Test Part Two{{/B}}· In this part of the Reading Test you read a text with gaps in it, and choose the best sentence to fill each gap from a set of eight sentences.· First read the text for overall meaning, then go back and look for the best sentence for each gap.· Make sure the sentence fits both the meaning and the grammar of the text around the gap.· Read the text on the opposite page from an article about how a company reduced its transport costs.· Choose the best sentence from below to fill each of the gaps.· For each gap 9 - 14, mark one letter (A - H) on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once. {{B}}Route to big delivery savings{{/B}} There are few areas left within the world's largest businesses where one close look can deliver instant savings of 1 per cent of sales. For Rhodia, the chemicals arm of French conglomerate Rh6ne-Poulenc, scrutiny of the company's transport costs in the UK led to just such savings. Management consultants A.T. Kearney were commissioned to review the company's operations. They scoured order books, invoices and transport logs at the company's fourteen UK sites. some transport they could not account for at all Surprising as it may seem, there were simply no records. A.T. Kearney's initial survey found that transport accounted for 10 per cent of the company's traceable spending in the UK, and that during a 12-month period, 235 different hauliers had moved products for the company. The company were also running a 30-strong fleet of their own.{{U}} (9) {{/U}}In a more positive light, though, they meant that the opportunity to improve was huge. Transport buying was being dictated by the backgrounds of the buyers, rather than rational criteria.{{U}} (10) {{/U}}Instead, they were typically former drivers or site workers who bought transport from a network of contacts built up over many years. Even where buyers were seeking tile cheapest transport, their task was complicated by numerous different tariffs for different measures. For A.T. Kearney, the solution lay in a comprehensive, standardised tendering process. During the following weeks, all the company's existing suppliers, Rhodia's own fleet, and others were invited to tender for business.{{U}} (11) {{/U}}Modelling of these responses began: what if this part of the business was given to X, and this part to Y - what does it do to costs? Rhodia then went back to the most promising applicants and offered them deals for packages of business.{{U}} (12) {{/U}}In this way the company ensured that they got the best possible arrangement. Inevitably, this process favoured large suppliers.{{U}} (13) {{/U}}For example, a driver with his own lorry, who had been transporting goods for the company for years, submitted a tender. A sub- contracting arrangement was made for him with one of the final suppliers. Today, Rhodia have five main hauliers, who account for 90 per cent of the company's transport spending. All rates are standardised: the whole system is a very simple one. But perhaps the most extraordinary outcome from this monumental number-crunching exercise was the bottom line impact.{{U}} (14) {{/U}}The new set-up has delivered savings of more than 25 per cent. And the company is confident of achieving even more savings.A Before the review, transport was eating up 3 per cent of the company's UK sales revenue.B Nevertheless, the situation was not helped by the fragmented nature of the haulage industry.C More than 60 did so, and their quotes were then analysed.D Among the terms they included in these contracts were requirements for improvements in costs, flexibility and reliability.E None had come into logistics as part of a management career.F But hauliers at the other end of the scale were not automatically' excluded.G These results horrified the company, as they were far worse than had been anticipated.H Some transport they could not account for at all.

填空题specialize