填空题The Side Effect of Market Mechanism The market mechanism might also select the wrong choice about HOW to produce. Consider the message that unregulated markets communicate to producers. In an unregulated market, (31) price would be charged for using air or waterways, since (32) is owned by any individual. Producers, (33) would regard the use of air and waterways as a "free" good. Under such circumstances it would be a lot cheaper for a factory to dump its waste into nearby waterways than to dispose of it more carefully. It would also be (34) for power plants to let waste gases and soot go up in smoke than to install environmental safeguards. The resulting pollutants are an externality—a cost imposed (35) innocent third parties. Consumers would be worse off as the quality of the air and water deteriorated. Profit-driven producers would seldom worry about externalities in a completely unregulated marketplace. (36). profit-and-loss considerations the only determinant of HOW goods were produced, we might end up destroying the environment. To prevent such a calamity, we look (37) the government to regulate HOW goods are produced, thereby rectifying market failures. The market might also (38) to distribute goods and services in the best possible way. A market system rewards people (39) to their value in the marketplace. Sports stars, entertainers, and corporate executives end up with huge paychecks while others toil for meager wages. Big paychecks provide access to more output; people with little paychecks get much less of (40) is produced.

填空题{{B}}Task Two - Experience at the fair{{/B}}· For questions 18-22, match the extracts with the experiences, listed A-H.· For each extract, choose the experience at the fair that each person mentions.· Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract.A thought of a way of cutting costs.B was impressed by some publicity material.C saw a new way of applying technology.D was pleased by some sales figures.E noticed some export opportunities.F was impressed by a competitor's product.G saw someone demonstrating an effective selling technique.H I thought of ways of improving an important product we make.

填空题immediately should any items be out of stock. If you are not happy

填空题market; in return of they receive money and information. The inner loop shows an exchange of

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填空题·Read the text below about how to order products.·In most of the lines 41—52 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.·If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.·If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word on your Answer Sheet. {{B}} Special Products Co.—How to Order{{/B}} Our speciality is our convenient catalogue system. Instead of Spending time going to a shop, you simply order it direct from us.41 Ordering is easy and delivery fast. Once received, your order will42 normally be dispatched within 72 hours. We will inform to you43 immediately should any items be out of stock. If you are net happy44 with your purchases please return than to us within the 15 days in their45 original packaging and we will return you for in full. Quality is our main46 criterion. Each item is under unconditionally guaranteed for 6 months.47 You will receive a receipt and With your order which is your guarantee.48 In the unlikely event of damage to an item during delivery, should please49 contact with us immediately on 0197 3101772 and we will arrange for50 its return or replacement.51 All prices and promotional52 offers are valid until 30th September.

填空题An insurance company wanting the most secure, steady investment for its premiums.

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填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}{{B}}How to approach Reading Test Part One{{/B}}· In this part of the Reading Test you match eight statements with five short texts.· First read each short text and then read the sentences to see which ones refer to the text.· Make sure you read each text for overall meaning. Do not choose an answer just because you can see the same words in the text,· Look at the statements below and at the five extracts from a text about corporate ownership of planes on the opposite page.· Which extract (A, B, C, D or E) does each statement 1 - 8 refer to?· For each sentence 1 - 8, mark one letter (A, B, C, D or E) on your Answer Sheet.· You will need to use some of these letters more than once. {{B}}A{{/B}} Regular European business travellers view travelling on commercial airlines as inefficient and inconvenient~ Mostly it is not the airlines' fault but the infrastructure they have to work with. Private aircraft are being bought primarily not to save money on tickets but to save time. Scheduled flights in Europe cover only 10 per cent of the destinations available. Delays, more likely than not in European travel these days, waste precious time. The number of hours top executives with huge salaries waste has a direct impact on cost-effectiveness.{{B}}B{{/B}} The gradual completion of Europe's single market means that more and more executives are crisscrossing Europe looking for business. With European domestic air fares extremely high, a corporate jet looks more attractive for executives flying three or four times a month. Even some of Europe's smaller companies are investigating it. However, the larger European airports operate priority regulations which govern slot allocation for take-off and create delays; airlines have first priority, chartered flights come second, air taxis third and business jets are fourth on the list. Smaller airports pose problems of access and a risk of inadequate ground handling.{{B}}C{{/B}} Most businesses will not discuss their corporate aircraft or even reveal whether the already high-earning chief executive has an aircraft, for fear of shareholder reaction. There is still some stigma attached to ownership of a business jet. With new planes costing anything from $5 million upwards plus extra comforts in the interior, many companies feel they can't justify the expense to shareholders and employees. For some European managers a private jet is seen as an unacceptable perk indicating serious problems in a company's management.{{B}}D{{/B}} The market for private aircraft divides into two sectors: the no-expense-spared rich man's plaything - the popular image - and the serious business tool owned by corporations. Manufacturers deliver the former as what is called a 'green' aircraft - a plane that is unfinished except for a green corrosive-resistant paint which covers the bare metal. Owners personalise the plane with telephones, dining areas and even cinemas. The latter sector is very different and planes are normally bought with straightforward seating.{{B}}E{{/B}} Fractional ownership of aircraft has opened up the market, as the low acquisition costs and predictable monthly fees are more palatable to shareholders, and to first-time buyers. Some of the biggest names in the business jet industry have launched their own fractional ownership schemes. Several smaller companies are also getting in on the act and are trying to beat the larger companies down the runway by offering cheaper prices. Yet critics claim that fractional ownership is untested and faces the customer with a wide range of liabilities.

填空题Connect the ideas in this report with a linking phrase from the box. (Some phrases are not needed.) on the whole due to although however in conclusion since indeed consequently Thirdly, there is the Giordano Centre in York. {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}we didn't have a lot of time to visit, what we saw impressed us. There are quite a few suitable hotels in the area, all within easy walking distance of the conference centre. {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}, they are reasonably priced {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}, bookings would have to be made early, {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}demand for rooms rises quite dramatically in the summer season. {{U}} {{U}} 21 {{/U}} {{/U}}, this seems to be the case with all the venues under consideration, so an early decision is recommended.

填空题We want consignment returned, before we give you a refund. Could ______

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填空题criterion. Each item is under unconditionally guaranteed for 6 months.

填空题procedures of shipment, the shipping documents, etc. In order to be fulfill

填空题a bull