单选题Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Two {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}graduates are selling advertising space on their faces to pay {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}a combined student debt of almost ￡50,000. Faced with a challenging job market, {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}Cambridge students Ed Moyse and Ross Harper are painting different company logos onto their faces. Anyone can {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}the advertising space, from businesses to individuals or groups, on a day-to-day {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}—which can be viewed at www. buymyface.co.uk—are then seen by everyone they pass as they go {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}their, daily business. The graduates, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}met on their first day at Selwyn College, Cambridge, started the business on October 1, 2011 and made ￡3,500 in the first 10 days. The boys said they are "{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}only with {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}student debt and a firm {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the principles of viral advertising" as they attempt to survive for a year {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}on income generated by {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}themselves into walking advertisements. Mr. Harper, 21, who studied neuroscience, said: "It's our {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}way of paying off our student debt. The {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}job market is incredibly {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and so we thought we'd try and {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}it altogether. We've seen so many students unsuccessfully {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}for jobs, only to eventually settle {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}a career that they never really wanted. It's just something a bit different and has taken {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}quite nicely."

单选题Industry and Schools in Partnership The new Manufacturing Partners program aims to improve teachers" understanding of manufacturing by inviting 2000 teachers to take part in factory visits. It will not be just one-way traffic, however about 500 manufacturing employees are also invited to visit schools each year to improve their awareness of modern schools. Peter Davis, Program Director, believes employees will also see the benefits. "It"s an excellent means of improving professional development by helping to improve management and communication skills." Davis says. Until now, manufacturing firms have been slow to send staff into schools and teachers haven"t been very keen to visit factories, either. According to Davis, most would rather visit a bank or retail company instead. Head teacher Andrew Morris recently spent three days at KTM, an engineering firm. Afterwards he admitted his view of industry had been out-of-date: "I thought it would be a dirty place to work, but conditions have obviously improved a lot nowadays." KTM Director John Dimmock said that without a doubt his staff had benefited from explaining their jobs to teachers and pupils.

单选题{{B}}Text A{{/B}}{{B}}Background Information{{/B}} Mergers and Acquisitions (abbreviated M in some cases, terming the combination a "merger" rather than an acquisition is done purely for political or marketing reasons. An acquisition, also known as a takeover or a buyout, is the buying of one company (the "target" )by another. An acquisition may be friendly or hostile. In the former case, the companies cooperate in negotiations; in the latter case, the takeover target is unwilling to be bought or the target's board has no prior knowledge of the offer. Acquisition usually refers to a purchase of a smaller firm by a larger one. Sometimes, however, a smaller firm will acquire management control of a larger or longer established company and keep its name for the combined entity. The acquisition process is very complex, with many dimensions influencing its outcome. The differences between mergers and acquisitions relate mainly to. ◆ the relative size of the individual companies in the business combination; ◆ ownership of the combined business; ◆ management control of the combined business. {{B}}Coke Bid for Juice Maker Turns Sour{{/B}} The government rejected Coca-Cola's plan to acquire beverage maker China Huiyuan Juice Group Ltd for ＄2.4 billion on Wednesday, citing the country's anti-monopoly law. The acquisition by Coca-Cola, announced last September, would have been the largest ever buyout of a Chinese company by a foreign rival. The planned takeover violates the provisions of the Anti-Monopoly Law, the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said in a statement, adding that it would have restricted competition and harmed the domestic juice industry. "If the acquisition went into effect, Coca-Cola was very likely to reach a dominant position in the domestic market and consumers may have had to accept a higher price fixed by the company as they would not have much choice," the statement said. The MOC launched an anti-trust investigation on Nov 11 to determine whether the acquisition would harm other rivals, consumer rights or technological innovation. The bid was the first major deal to test the Anti-Monopoly Law, which took effect on Aug 1 last year. If passed, the deal would have been Coca-Cola's largest overseas acquisition and the company would have been able to expand its dominant position in the carbonated drinks market to the juice market. The ministry said that Coca-Cola and Huiyuan are major brands in the juice market, and therefore, the combination would have restricted competition in the industry and made it more difficult for other players to enter the sector. The ministry said the deal would also have squeezed development space for other small- and medium-sized enterprises, and is not good for the development of the country's juice industry. Huiyuan said yesterday that it respects the decision made by the ministry, and production would continue as normal. The company's share dived 19.24 percent to HK＄8.30 yesterday before trading was suspended shortly after the market opened in the morning. Muhtar Kent, president and chief executive officer of Coca-Cola, said: "We are disappointed, but we also respect the MOC decision." He said the company had put a tremendous effort into providing all the relevant materials to the MOC to ensure that they had all the information available and understood the transaction. "We were looking forward to working with the excellent Huiyuan team to stimulate new growth for the Huiyuan brand." He said the company will now focus all of its energies and expertise on growing existing brands and continuing to innovate with new brands, including in the juice segment. Huang Wei, beverage analyst at China Jianyin Investment Securities, said: "The ministry's decision is not surprising. But it's not good for Huiyuan, whose market share will probably shrink as international players such as Coca-Cola invest more in the juice market." Coca-Cola's offer to buy the Hong-Kong listed company was seen as a major strategic move to tap China's fast growing juice market. While the world's largest soft drink manufacturer dominates the carbonate market in China, its share in the juice market is relatively small. On the other hand, Huiyuan is the largest juice beverage maker in China, with over 45 percent of the pure juice market in the country. It also controls more than a tenth of the Chinese fruit and vegetable juice market that grew 15 percent last year to ＄2 billion. Coca-Cola has a 9.7 percent market share and dominates in diluted juices. China is Coca-Cola's fourth-largest market and a key battleground with rival Pepsi Co. Inc. Huiyuan's founders and major shareholders had endorsed the sale as a way for the company to improve product development and marketing. An MOC official said Coca-Cola had tried to address the negative effects on competition after it sought government approval for the deal in November, but its efforts did not meet the requirements of regulations. "It is only an isolated case, and it does not suggest any change in China's policy on foreign investors," the official said. The MOC said it has investigated 29 proposed acquisitions under the anti-monopoly law since August and approved 24. {{B}}Exercises{{/B}}

单选题The credit crisis, and then the financial crisis, ushered in a new austerity that has re-sized audit fees and ______ auditors ______ again, looking for new services and new ways to charge new and existing clients more. A. act, on the defensive B. put, on the defensive C. take, on the defensive D. throw, in the defensive

单选题Those below the poverty line are ______ to subsidized food and other welfare payments. A. entitled B. qualified C. credited D. endowed

单选题We are looking for a Principal Economist, who as well as advising managers and board members on environmental economic policy matters, will develop policy relating to cost benefit analysis at the upcoming review and beyond.

单选题{{B}}TextA{{/B}}{{B}}BackgroundInformation{{/B}}{{B}}Theclassicview{{/B}}ofcompanystructureisasachartshowingthearrangementofdivisions,units,departmentsandothercomponentsofanorganisationandthehierarchyofthekeypositions.Whatisbeingdescribedisthedivisionofworkandlabourandthisisbutoneviewofthestructure.{{B}}Thesystemsview{{/B}}ofcompanystructureisthatallpartsareinterconnectedsoastoformacoherentandfunctioningwholeandthatitexiststofulfilaparticularpurpose.Inthecaseofanorganisationstructure,itexiststofulfilthemission.{{B}}Organizationstructure{{/B}}revealsverticaloperationalresponsibilities,andhorizontallinkages.Itallowstheexpressedallocationofresponsibilitiesfordifferentfunctionsandprocessestodifferententities.Thecomplexityofanorganization'sstructureisoftenproportionaltoitssizeanditsgeographicdispersal.Thetraditionalorganizationstructureformanybusinessesinthe20thcenturywasthebureaucracy,originallydefinedbyMaxWeber.Morerecentformsincludetheflat,network,matrix,andvirtualorganizations.Theseformsbecamemoreprevalentduringthelastdecadesofthe20thcenturyasaresultofthetrendtowardrestructuringanddownsizinganddevelopmentsintelecommunicationstechnology.AccordingtoHaroldJ.Leavitt,organizationstructureisinextricablylinkedtothetechnologyandpeoplewhoperformthetasks.CharlesHandyhasshownthatitisalsodirectlylinkedtocorporateculture.{{B}}CompanyStructure{{/B}}Mostorganizationshavehierarchicalorpyramidalstructure,withonepersonoragroupofpeopleatthetop,andanincreasingnumberofpeoplebelowthemateachsuccessivelevel.Thereisaclearlineorchainofcommandrunningdownthepyramid.Allthepeopleintheorganizationknowwhatdecisionstheyareabletomake,whotheirsuperior(orboss)is(towhomtheyreport),Somepeopleinanorganizationhavecollegueswhohelpthem.-forexample,theremightbeanAssistanttotheMarketingManager.Thisisknownasastaffposition,itsholderhasnolineauthority,andisnotintegratedintothechainofcommand,unlike,forexample,theAssistantMarketingManager,whoisnumbertwointhemarketingdepartment.Yettheactivitiesofmostcompaniesaretoocomplicatedtobeorganizedinasinglehierarchy.Shortlybeforethefirstworldwar,theFrenchindustrialistHenryFayolorganizedhiscoal-miningbusinessaccordingtothefunctionsthatithadtocarryout.Heisgenerallycreditedwithinventingfunctionalorganization.Today,mostlargemanufacturingorganizationshaveafunctionalstructure,including(amongothers)production,finance,marketing,sales,andpersonnelorhumanresourcesdepartments.Thismeans,forexample,thattheproductionandmarketingdepartmentscannottakefinancialdecisionswithoutconsultingthefinancedepartment.Functionalorganizationisefficient,buttherearetwostandardcriticisms.Firstly,peopleareusuallymoreconcernedwiththesuccessoftheirdepartmentthanthatofthecompany,sotherearepermanentbattlesbetween,forexample,financeandmarketing,ormarketingandproduction,whichhaveincompatiblegoals.Secondly,separatingfunctionsisunlikelytoencourageinnovation.Yetforalargeorganizationmanufacturingarangeofproducts,havingasingleproductiondepartmentisgenereallyinefficient.Consequently,mostlargecompaniesaredecentralized,followingthemodelofAlfredSloan,whodividedGeneralMotorsintoseparateoperatingdicisionsin1920.Eachdivisionhaditsownengineering,productionandsalesdepartments,madeadifferentcategoryofcar(butwithsomeoverlap,toencourgaeinternalcompetition),andwasexpectedtomakeaprofit.Businessthatcannotbedividedintoautonomousdivisionswiththeirownmarketscanstimulatedecentralization,settingupdivisionsthatdealwitheachotherusinginternallydeterminedtransferprices.Manybanks,forexample,haveestablishedcommercial,coporate,privatebanking,internationalandinvestmentdivisions.Aninherentproblemofhierarchiesisthatpeopleatlowerlevelsareunabletomakeimportantdecisions,buthavetopassonresponsibilitytotheirboss.Onesolutiontothisismatrixmanagement,inwhichpeoplereporttomorethanonesuperior.Forexample,aproductmanagerwithanideamightbeabletodealdirectlywithmanagersresponsibleforacertainmarketsegmentandforageographicalregion,aswellasthemanagersresponsibleforthetraditionalfunctionsoffinance,salesandproduction.Thisisonewayofkeepingauthorityatlowerlevels,butitisnotnecessarilyaveryefficientone.ThomasPetersandRobertWaterman,intheirwell-knownbookInSearchofExcellence,insistonthencessityofpushingauthorityandautonomydowntheline,buttheyarguethatoneelement--probablytheproduct--musthavepriority:four-dimensionalmatricesarefartoocomplex.Afurtherpossibilityistohavewhollyautonomous,temporarygroupsorteamsthatareresponsibleforanentireproject,andaresplitupassoonasitissuccessfullycompleted.Teamsareoftennotverygoodfordecision-making,andtheyruntheriskofrelationalproblems,unlesstheyaresmallandhavealotofself-discipline.Infacttheystillrequireadefiniteleader,onwhomtheirsuccessprobablydepends.{{B}}Exercises{{/B}}

单选题The whole thing illustrates how we ______ around high placed people even when they tell us their ideology trumps our fundamental rights. A. gull B. gripe C. groove D. grovel

单选题Each person who wants to borrow has to be met by somebody else who wants to lend, so the interest rate that we have in society is the ______. A. equity B. compromise C. balance D. reconciliatory

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单选题The Arab-Israeli conflict, particularly on the Palestinian front, is undoubtedly a ______ social conflict. A. extensive B. successive C. intermittent D. protracted

单选题Ms Gillard now faces the task of defending the embattled lawmaker and ensuring the scandal doesn't ______ the reputation of her government. A. rumble B. lurk C. tarnish D. decontaminate

单选题The export data ______ Japan's hopes for an export-driven revival of the country's economy. A. undercut B. underpinned C. underrated D. underscored

单选题"All tyranny needs to gain a(n) ______ is for people of good conscience to remain silent."—Thomas Jefferson A. juggernaut B. acquiesce C. foothold D. cornucopia

单选题But the judge surprised the entire court when he stated, "The ______ of the marriage contract invalidated it." A. forger B. plagiarist C. imposter D. pirate

单选题In the end, the world is likely to ______ global warming. A. get a grip on B. get a hold of C. take a hold on D. take a grip of

单选题Your understanding of and ______ to these requirements is critical to our mutual success, and to our continuing business relationship. A. coherence B. dependence C. compunction D. adherence

单选题This category combines all articles ______ towards recent events to enable us to work through the backlog more systematically. A. inclined B. skewed C. slanted D. biased

单选题Wheat traders are getting more ______, even after prices tumbled into a ______ market, as demand for US exports strengthened. A. bearish, bull B. bullish, bull C. bullish, bear D. bearish, bear

单选题More importantly, he went on, his knowledge means that he can now take measures to ward ______ the disease. A. off B. away C. out D. over