Read the following passages, eight sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A~H the one which fits each gap. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A~H)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. Today's career assumptions are you can get a lot of development, challenge and job satisfaction and not necessarily be in a management role. A new malady is running rampantly in corporate America: management phobia. 【R1】 1 " I hated all the meetings," says a 10-year award-winning manager, "and I found the more you did for people who worked for you, the more they expected." 【R2】 2 With technology changing in a wink, you can never slack off these days if you're on the technical side. 【R3】 3 In addition, the Dilbert factor is at work. With Scott Adams's popular cartoon character — as well as many television sitcoms — routinely portraying managers as morons or enemies, they just don't get much respect anymore. Supervising others was always a tough task, but in the past that stress was offset by hopes for career mobility and financial rewards. 【R4】 4 But in today's global, more competitive arena, a manager sits on an insecure perch.【R5】 5There are far fewer rungs on the corporate ladder for managers to climb. In addition, managerial jobs demand more hours and headaches than ever before but offer slim, if any, financial paybacks and perks. Furthermore, managers now must supervise many people who are spread over different locations, even over different continents. 【R6】 6 In an age of entrepreneurship, when the most praised people in business are those launching something new, management seems like an invisible, thankless role. 【R7】 7 Management layoffs have done much to erode interest in managerial jobs, of course. 【R8】 8A. Many people don't want to be a manager — and many people who are managers are, frankly, itching to jump off the management track — or have already.B. It's a rare person who can manage to keep up on the technical side and handle a management job, too.C. Restructuring have eliminated layer after layer of management as companies came to view their organizations as collections of competencies rather than hierarchies.D. They must manage across functions with, say, design, finance, marketing and technical people reporting to them.E. I was a counselor, motivator, financial adviser and psychologist.F. Employers are looking for people who can do things, not for people who make other people do things.G American Management Association surveys say three middle managers are laid off for every one being hired. H. Along with a sizable pay raise, people chosen as managers would begin a nearly automatic climb up the career ladder to lucrative executive perks: stock options, company cars, club memberships, plus the key to the executive washroom. 【R1】

Read this note from your boss, Mr. Richard Wesley. May 18th, 2013 Louise, Our company is working on opening a new office in Germany. The Executive Committee is planning to hold a meeting with all managers. We will meet from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. on May 26th in the boardroom, Hamilton Building. The purpose of the meeting is to discuss the responsibilities and qualifications of the leader for the new office. All managers are required to attend the meeting. They are welcome to nominate candidates for this position. Please tell them to send the materials of their nominees to my secretary Julie by May 24th. Their nominations will be discussed at the meeting.Thank you.Richard Write a memorandum to the managers: to describe the background of the meeting to state what the meeting is about to ask the managers to prepare the materials. Write about 50-60 words.

CONVERSATION 2(Questions 5-8)The woman is packing and leaving.How: by【L5】 1.When:【L6】 2.To where:【L7】 3.The relationship between the two people: a【L8】 4.CONVERSATION 2(Questions 5-8)The woman is packing and leaving.How: by【L5】 5.When:【L6】 6.To where:【L7】 7.The relationship between the two people: a【L8】 8. 【L5】

You will hear the Chief Executive of Best Value, an American chain of convenience stores, talking about a change in the company's working practices. For each question(23-30), mark one letter(A, B or C)for the correct answer. After you have listened once, replay the recording. You will hear the Chief Executive of Best Value, an American chain of convenience stores, talking about a change in the company's working practices. For each question(23-30), mark one letter(A, B or C)for the correct answer. After you have listened once, replay the recording.

You will hear two conversations. Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the forms below.CONVERSATION 1(Questions 1-4)John and Sue: the【L1】 1wedding anniversaryThe present Sue likes: a【L2】 2ringThe present Sue guesses her husband will give her: the【L3】 3earringsThe present Paul guesses John will give Sue: a mink【L4】 4 You will hear two conversations. Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the forms below.CONVERSATION 1(Questions 1-4)John and Sue: the【L1】 5wedding anniversaryThe present Sue likes: a【L2】 6ringThe present Sue guesses her husband will give her: the【L3】 7earringsThe present Paul guesses John will give Sue: a mink【L4】 8 【L1】

Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with an expression from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A~G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. give a friend a rideB. adopt a new hobbyC. feel less out of controlD. learn a new set of skillsE. need each other to surviveF. take some time to exerciseG. weigh down hard on one's family life

You will hear two conversations. Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the form below.CONVERSATION 1(Questions 1-4)Mr. Li wants a ticket to【L1】 1for【L2】 2morning.He has an appointment at【L3】 3.Mr. Li will probably check in【L4】 4hour before the plane takes off. You will hear two conversations. Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the form below.CONVERSATION 1(Questions 1-4)Mr. Li wants a ticket to【L1】 5for【L2】 6morning.He has an appointment at【L3】 7.Mr. Li will probably check in【L4】 8hour before the plane takes off. 【L1】

Read the following article and choose the best word for each space. For questions 26~45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet. As Oil Declines, So Does America More than 100 years ago, America's first great economic【C1】______abroad was spearheaded by its giant oil companies, notably John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company. These companies【C2】______powerful beachheads in Mexico and Venezuela, and later in parts of Asia, North Africa and, of course, the Middle East.【C3】______they became ever more dependent on the extraction of oil in distant lands, American foreign policy began to be【C4】______around acquiring and protecting US oil concessions in major【C5】______areas. With World War II and the Cold War, oil and US national【C6】______became thoroughly intertwined. After all, the United States had prevailed over the Axis【C7】______in significant part because it possessed vast reserves of domestic petroleum, while Germany and Japan lacked them, depriving their forces of vital【C8】______supplies in the final years of the war. As it happened, though, the United States was using up its domestic【C9】______so rapidly that, even before World War II was over, Washington【C10】______its attention to finding new overseas sources of crude oil that could be【C11】______under American control. As a result, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and a host of other Middle Eastern producers would become key US oil suppliers【C12】______American military protection. There can be【C13】______question that, for a time, American domination of world oil production would prove a potent source of economic and military power.【C14】______World War II, an abundance of cheap US oil spurred the【C15】______of vast new industries, including civilian air travel, highway construction, a【C16】______of suburban housing and commerce, mechanized agriculture, and plastics. Abundant oil also underlay the global expansion of the country's【C17】______power, as the Pentagon defended the world while becoming one of the planet's great oil guzzlers. Its global dominion came to【C18】______on an ever-expanding array of oil-powered ships, planes, tanks and missiles. As long as the Middle East — and especially Saudi Arabia — served essentially as an American gas station and oil【C19】______a cheap commodity, all this was relatively painless. That is why the use of military force has been a【C20】______of American foreign policy since 1987.

You got a letter from a company manager, Jim Green. Dec. 1st, 2010 Dear Mr. Tom Smith, Recently, while cruising the Web, I found the site for ABC Company at www.edf.com, and was very impressed. You have constructed a site that is informative and user-friendly. My purpose for writing this letter is simple: I would like to place a link to ABC Company's web site on your site. I think users who navigate through your site would be interested in finding out more about ABC Company. Of course, we will reciprocate by placing a link to ABC Company in a prominent position on your site. I think this would prove beneficial for everyone, allowing us all to take advantage of the power of cyberspace. Please give me a reply to talk about the idea. I look forward to hearing from you. Regards, Jim Green Please write a reply: thanking him for his appreciation; expressing your interest in cooperating with his company; making a proposal for a face-to-face discussion. Write 50-60 words.

Read the following passage. Eight sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A~H the one which fits each gap. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A~H)on the Answer Sheet. Most people associate inflation with price increases on specific goods and services.【R1】 1We must be careful to distinguish the phenomenon of inflation from price increases for specific goods. 【R2】 2 Suppose you wanted to know the average price of fruit in the supermarket.【R3】 3You might have some success, however, if you sought out the prices of apples, oranges, cherries, and peaches. Knowing the price of each kind of fruit, you could then compute the average price of fruit. The resultant figure would not refer to any particular product, but would convey a sense of how much a typical basket of fruit might cost.【R4】 4On occasion, you might even notice that apple prices rose while orange prices fell, leaving the average price of fruit unchanged. The same kinds of calculations are made to measure inflation in the entire economy. We first determine the average price of all output—the average price level—then look for changes in that average. 【R5】 5 The average price level may fall as well as rise.【R6】 6The deflation occurs when price decreases on some goods and services outweigh price increases on all others. 【R7】 7We already noted, for example, that the price of apples can rise without increasing the average price of fruit, so long as the price of some other fruit(e.g. oranges)falls.【R8】 8An increasing in the relative price of apples, for example, simply means that apples have become more expensive in comparison with other fruits(or any other goods or services).A. Because inflation and deflation are measured in terms of average price levels, it is possible for individual prices to rise or fall continuously without changing the average price level.B. A decline in average price is called deflation.C. A rise in the average price level is referred to as inflation.D. In such circumstances, relative prices are changing, but not average prices.E. The economy is not necessarily experiencing an inflation, however, every time the price of a cup of coffee goes up.F. Surely you would not have much success in seeking out an average fruit — nobody would be quite sure what you had in mind.G. Inflation is an increase in the average level of prices, not a change in any specific price.H. By repeating these calculations every day, you could then determine whether fruit prices, on average, were changing. 【R1】

Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14~18, with a word or phrase from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A~G)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. depend on each otherB. natureC. risksD. each otherE. mountaineeringF. rulesG. climate and mountaineering

Read the following article and answer questions 9-18 on the next page. The New Colour of British Army1 It took scientists a year to get the right shade - and if truth be told, it might take several more for soldiers to get used to it - but after more than sixty years bearing the same dark yellow colour, the British military is to adopt a new 'Army Brown'. In what is likely to be one of the biggest make-over the forces have undertaken, the army's fleet of desert vehicles is being repainted, replacing the previous 'Light Stone' camouflage that has adorned tanks and troops carriers since before the Second World War.2 Some of the new Foxhound patrol vehicles being used in Afghanistan have already been re-sprayed with up to 30 litres of the new colour per vehicle, hinting at the scale of the paint job required over the coming years. The army has around 5,000 combat vehicles - and all conflicts over the last 20 years have taken place in sandy environments.3 The scientists who developed it insist 'Army Brown' is the colour of the future, and the paint is clever too. They are working on a formula which will turn it into a different shade when chemicals have been detected to warn troops of the dangers around them. "The new colour is a tan brown whereas the old was a dark yellow," said Andrew Richardson from AkzoNobel, the firm which developed it. "It is a dirt colour as opposed to a sand colour. When you are close up there is a significant difference." Richardson claimed it was the most advanced paint the military had ever used, and is similar to the colours used by the US and Australian militaries.4 The Ministry of Defence decided it wanted a change of hue last year, with officers saying they needed something that could work in places such as Afghanistan, but blend in easily in other hot and dusty environments. Defence officials gather: red rock and soil samples back from Afghanistan for a team at the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, which came up with the ideal new colour. AkzoNobel then turned it into a camouflage paint that "will replace the sand colour that has been used on army vehicles since before the Second World War."5 Though Richardson said the "new paint colour has been specifically designed of the desert-like environment where most operations currently take place", he insisted it would work elsewhere. "It was designed to provide a better balance between desert-like areas and the green zone." The Ministry of Defence said the new colour added to the basic range used by the military. Green is used for colder climates - and pink has been used in places such as Saudi Arabia, to help military planes blend in. However, brown is very much de rigueur for the British military at the moment; after extensive trials involving 3,500 personnel, the army has plumped For a dark chocolate colour for its new combat boots.Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from the box below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A~G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. The advantage of the new colour and the paintB. The differences between the new and the old coloursC. The biggest make-over of the British militaryD. The Ministry's comments on the new colourE. The heavy workload of the repainting jobF. The design and development of the new colourG. The basic ranee of colours of the world military

Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with an expression from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A~G)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. different colorsB. hair folliclesC. dietary fiberD. antioxidant activityE. their cholesterolF. hair lossG. free radicals

Look at the questions for this part. You will hear a passage about "American Weighs In ". You will listen to it twice. For questions 24~30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response. Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet. Look at the questions for this part. You will hear a passage about "American Weighs In ". You will listen to it twice. For questions 24~30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response. Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet.

Look at the note below. You will hear a woman leaving a message about some problems with her company's new product. Look at the note below. You will hear a woman leaving a message about some problems with her company's new product.

You will hear the customs in five countries. For questions 9-13, choose from the list A~F the proper countries. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.A. AustraliaB. SpainC. ChinaD. ItalyE. BritainF. Greece You will hear the customs in five countries. For questions 9-13, choose from the list A~F the proper countries. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.A. AustraliaB. SpainC. ChinaD. ItalyE. BritainF. Greece

Look at the questions for this part. You will hear a passage about "Living a Long Life ". You will listen to it twice. For questions 24-30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response. Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet. Look at the questions for this part. You will hear a passage about "Living a Long Life ". You will listen to it twice. For questions 24-30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response. Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet.

- The interlocutor gives you and your partner a list of topics. Both of you need to choose one to discuss together. The interlocutor may join in the conversation and ask you questions, but you and your partner are expected to develop the conversation.Topic 1: How to Make the Best Use of MoneyTopic 2: Skills on Making BargainsTopic 3: Methods to Prevent BurglaryTopic 4: Relationship Between Man and AnimalsTopic 5: Virtues of Being Young and Being Old

You got a letter from Professor Li Wei of Washington University. May 8, 2014 Professor William Roberts Department of English Literature Washington University U.S.A. Dear Professor Roberts, We are planning to give our students a course of English Literature. As you are a world famous scholar, who has written many books in this field, I, on the recommendation of Professor Smith, our mutual friend, beg to take this opportunity to invite you to come to our university to give this course. If you consider it convenient to do so, we shall appoint you as a professor of English as from September 1, 2014 to August 31, 2016 for a period of two years, and we shall pay you an annual sum of 80,000RMB payable in twelve equal monthly. We shall also offer you, free of charge, a three-room furnished apartment on our campus. Hoping to get a favorable reply from you at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Professor Li Wei Please write a reply: thanking him for his invitation; expressing your willingness to accept the invitation; saying when you are going to arrive. Write 50-60 words.

Look at the ten statements for this part. You will hear a passage about "Great Transformation ". You will listen to it twice. Decide whether you think each statement is right(R), wrong(W)or not mentioned(NM). Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet. Look at the ten statements for this part. You will hear a passage about "Great Transformation ". You will listen to it twice. Decide whether you think each statement is right(R), wrong(W)or not mentioned(NM). Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.