填空题 ·Read the article below about management teams in making decisions. ·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. ·For each gap 8-12，mark one letter(A-G). ·Do not use any letter more than once. How Management Teams Can Have a Good Fight Top managers often find it very difficult to manage conflict. They know that conflict over issues is natural and even necessary. Reasonable people，making decisions under conditions of uncertainty，are likely to have honest disagreements over the best path for their company's future. Management teams whose members challenge one another's thinking develop a more complete understanding of the choices, cerate a richer range of options. Ultimately they are able to make the kinds of effective decisions necessary in today's competitive environments. But, unfortunately, healthy conflict can quickly turn unproductive. A comment meant as a substantive remark can be interpreted as a personal attack. {{U}}(8) {{/U}}Personalities frequently become closely connected with issues. Because most executives are proud of their ability to make rational decisions，they find it difficult even to acknowledge—let alone manage—this emotional，irrational dimension of their behavior. The challenge is familiar to anyone who has ever been part of a management team. {{U}}(9) {{/U}}The managers should be encouraged to argue without destroying their ability to work as a team. In a study，in 4 of the 12 companies，there was little or no substantive disagreement over major issues and therefore little conflict to observe. But the other 8 companies experienced considerable conflict. In 4 of them，the top-management teams handled conflict in a way that avoided interpersonal hostility or discord. {{U}}(10) {{/U}}They described the way they work as a team as‘open’，‘fun’，and ‘productive’. The executives vigorously debated the issues，but they wasted little time on carefully considering and posturing. As one put it, 'I really don't have time. 'Another said, 'We don't gloss over the issues：we hit them straight on. But we're not political, ' Still another observed of her company's management team, 'We scream a lot，then laugh，and then resolve the issue. ' The other four companies in which issues were contested were less successful at avoiding interpersonal conflict. Their top teams were plagued by intense hostility. {{U}}(11) {{/U}}When executives described their colleagues to us，they used words such as‘manipulative’, ‘secretive’.‘burned out’，and‘political’. The teams with minimal interpersonal conflict were able to separate substantive issues from those based on personalities. {{U}}(12) {{/U}}How did they do that? After analyzing the observations of the teams’ behavior, the experts found that their companies used the same tactics for managing interpersonal conflict. For instance，team members worked with more, rather than less, information and debated on the basis of facts. A. They must try to keep constructive conflict over issues from turning into nonfunctional interpersonal conflict. B. Executives Often failed to cooperate. rarely talking with one another, tending to fragment into cliques, and openly displaying their frustration and anger. C. Anxiety and frustration over difficult choices can evolve into anger directed at colleagues. D. Executives in those companies referred to their colleagues as 'smart', 'team player', and 'best In the business'. E. All the teams had to make high-stakes decisions in the face of considerable uncertainty and under pressure to move quickly. F. They managed to disagree over questions of strategic significance and still get along with one another.

填空题 WHAT NEXT IN THE MICROSOFT SUIT The Justice Department's top anti-trust prosecutor says this week that the government is looking at a full range of remedies. It wants to find the appropriate punishment following a judge's ruling that Microsoft is a monopoly, including the possible breakup of the software company. "We are looking at the range of sanctions; we're talking to people in the industry, people who work with Microsoft, people who manufacture computers and we're doing an analysis to make sure that we have a remedy that will promote competition, assure innovation and promote consumer choice, " he said. He thought the judge was quite clear that innovation has been impaired and he had heard all the evidence. Meanwhile, Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates said in a letter published today that the software maker is committed to "a fair and responsible" resolution of the anti-trust trial. (8) "We've been here before in a first lawsuit, " he said. "And eventually the courts came out on the side of the consumer, saying that all companies should have the ability to innovate their products and take their chances in the marketplace." (9) "As this case moves toward resolution, Microsoft's 30, 000 employees are focused on creating the next generation of products that will deliver the benefits of the Information Age, anytime, anywhere and on any device, " Gates wrote. (10) . On Friday, Jackson took Microsoft to task for numerous instances of anti-competitive behavior, including its dealings with America Online over the latter's browser choices, its contracts with PC makers, which forced them to feature prominently the Internet Explorer Web browser instead of Netscape's competing product. (11) . The judge noted that Microsoft's own studies confirmed that Microsoft could have charged only $ 49 per Windows upgrade and still remained profitable, and that it had enough power within the market to charge $ 89. (12) It is through high "barriers to entry", in other words, by making it more costly to create competing software.A Bob Herbold, the executive vice president and chief operating officer for Microsoft, said that the judge's ruling this week is just a first step in the process that is just getting under way.B Microsoft's competitors know that the company in fact has a referee starting directly over the shoulder every time it moves on a playing field.C What's more, Microsoft erected the barriers to keep others out of the marketplace.D The Justice Department's top anti-trust prosecutor says this week that the government is looking at a full range of remedies.E Jackson said that the company took that additional profit and invested it not in its own products but in efforts to keep other companies out of various software markets. Meanwhile Bill Gates, in a full-page advertisement published in the Washington Post and addressed to the company's customers, partners and shareholders, commented on Friday's ruling.G He claimed that Microsoft is committed to resolving this matter in a fair and responsible manner, while ensuring that the fundamental principles of consumer benefit and innovation are protected.

填空题A This book examines the most successful, sales campaigns of recent years. It provides examples of how major consumer brands, like Coca-Cola, Nike 3M and Toyota. have been promoted in magazines and newspapers. It includes information about the creative and planning processes behind the promotion of these popular products. B Find out how top executives from leading car companies view the changing relationships between manufacturers and their supplier. This book is a series of interviews with leading players in the industry: purchasing managers discuss the rise of global suppliers and chief executives present the international trend towards mergers and acquisitions in the industry. C This new edition of The Executive's Handbook provides an analysis of the main political and economic trends of the late 2000s. It is especially good on cost structures, Changing consumer trends and cross-border expansion. These are key elements that affect international business deals, making the book essential reading for anyone involved in international trading. D This is a collection of in-depth interviews with some of the world's top business executives in the car, soft drinks and clothing industries. A fascinating work, it will make you question much of the generally accepted theory on what successful leadership within manufacturing involves.

填空题 · You will hear another five recordings. · For each recording, decide the reason for the telephone call. · Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording. · Do not use any letter more than once. · After you have listened once, replay the recordings. {{B}} Speakers{{/B}} A．book a table B．cancel a meeting C．place an order D．sell something E．offer a lift F．congratulate someone G．check an address H．make an appointment

填空题ORDER FORM Information of Customer Name: Mary Susan from DHA Industries Address: No. 21 (1)______Street Contact No. : (2)______ Information of Computers Type: R51 models (3)______on hard drive Quantity: (4)______ Delivery Date: Friday morning

填空题{{B}}Section One{{/B}}·You will hear five short recordings.·For each recording, decide the person who is speaking.·Write one letter (A—H) next to the number of the recording.·Do not use any letter more than once.·After you have listened once, replay each recording. A a cleanerB a head of departmentC a studentD a lecturerE a receptionistF the proprietorG an agentH the technician

填空题Bern trip - changesneed to take (1) ........................have meeting with the (2) ........................important to check the (3) ........................ask to see results of (4) ........................

填空题A making a complaintB placing an orderC giving introductionD expressing wishesE making an offerF refusing claimG discussing annual reportH chairing a meeting

填空题 1

填空题BSection One/B·You will hear five short recordings. Five people are talking about a problem that occurred.·For each recording, decide what each speaker is talking about.·Write one letter (A --H) next to the number of the recording.·Do not use any letter more than once.·You will hear the five recordings twice. A. Losing a business cardB. Taking the wrong equipmentC. Arriving late for a meetingD. Forgetting an addressE. Misunderstanding a messageF. Missing a presentationG. Forgetting to make a phone callH. Taking the wrong documents

填空题PHONE MESSAGE To: Paul Tench Re: (5) meeting. · Patrick Brown is unable to attend meeting arranged for (6) . · Can meeting be rearranged for (7) ? · If not, please leave a message with his (8) .

填空题AN ENQUIRY The woman showed the man (1) price list. All the prices on the list are subject to (2) . The quotation remains open for (3) days. The man will consult (4) in the Philippines.

填空题high-speed notebook computer is much better than that the bulky low-speed

填空题· Look at the note below.· You will hear a woman phoning her company's legal department about employment contracts. {{B}}Phone Message for Simon Smith{{/B}}Emma Paynton has a query about contracts for new{{U}} (5) {{/U}}.She needs to know the maximum length allowed for a{{U}} (6) {{/U}}.Also, if{{U}} (7) {{/U}}is required, can she include it in the hourly rate?Could you check a contract from a new{{U}} (8) {{/U}}?

填空题 · Look at the notes below. · You will hear a man telephoning a bank about a problem with an account. {{B}}HPR BANK CUSTUMER SERVICES DIVISION {{/B}} CUSTOMER: George Bliss, (5)______of Arundei Holdings ACCOUNT NUMBER: (6)______ PROBLEM: No record in his office of a (7)______of ￡15,000 on June 10th. Also, can't be one of their (8) They all begin with 50. Want us to investigate.

填空题A CONDENSED EMPLOYEE LIFE CYCLE An employee life cycle is the steps the employees go through from the time they enter a company until they leave. Often Human Resources professionals focus their attention on the steps in this process in hopes of making an impact on the company's bottom line. That is a good thing for them to do. Their goal is to reduce the company's cost per employee hired. Employees are one of a company's largest expenses these days. Unlike other major capital costs (buildings, machinery, technology, etc.) human capital is highly volatile. You, as a manager, are in a key position to reduce that volatility using the condensed employee life cycle of HIAR (pronounced hire) —Hire, Inspire, Admire, and Retire. Hire: This first step is probably the most important. It is important to hire the best people you can find. (8) The cost of replacing a bad hire far exceeds the marginal additional cost of hiring the best person in the first place. Inspire. Once you have recruited the best employees to come to work on your team, the hard part begins. You have to inspire them to perform to their capabilities. (9) That is where you will get their best effort and their creativity which will help your organization excel. Admire. Once you have hired the best employees and have challenged and motivated them, you cannot relax. (10) The same attention you should pay to their work assignments, to their satisfaction levels, to their sense of being part of a great team needs to continue for as long as they are in your group. As soon as you start to slack off, their satisfaction and motivation will decrease. If you don't do something, they will become disenchanted and will leave. They will become part of the "employee turnover" statistic you were trying to avoid. Retire: This is when you know have been successful. When employees see your company as the employer of choice, they will join you. (11) As long as you continue to inspire, motivate, and challenge them, they will continue to contribute at the high levels you need in order to beat your competition. They will be long-term employees even staying with you and your company until they retire. (12) You will attract and retain second and even third generation employees.A．This is not a time to be cheap.B．When they recognize you as a good boss and a real leader, they will stay around.C．To the extent that you can be a good boss, you can keep employees, keep them happy, and reduce the costs associated with employee turnover.D．Their goal is to reduce the company's cost per employee hired.E．The biggest mistake a manager can make is to ignore employees.F．You have to challenge and motivate them.G．They will refer other quality employees to your company, including their relatives.

填空题AThe soybean is a legume native to China. For 5000 years, China has been using soybeans as a source of food and medicine. As one of the five sacred grains in China, soybeans were extensively cultivated and highly valued. In the eighteenth century, soybeans were introduced in Europe for the first time and were regarded merely as an object of botanical curiosity. It was only in the 1930's when the United States began exploring and developing soybean varieties through hybridization. Today, as a main source of protein, soybeans are a regular component of human diet in countries such as China, Japan and Indonesia.BMany countries around the world produce as well as consume soybeans for different reasons. In Asia, the soybean is grown chiefly for the beans, which is consumed fresh, fermented, or dried. As a source of protein and oil, soybean milk is made with the whole soybeans. Bean curd is made from soymilk and tofu is seasoned or cooked together with other dishes. In the West, soybeans are produced primarily for the soybean meal used as livestock feed. As more investigative results of research have unveiled the health benefits of soybean food products, soy foods are gaining more popularity as a health product.CSoy has been available for more than two decades in health food stores, specialty markets and restaurants that serve healthy, hot meals. But now it's poised to become the food of the next millennium, available soon in nearly everything, everywhere. Some people believe the soy protein business will triple over the next two years because of the FDA announcement (The FDA is now letting companies advertise a connection between soy protein and a healthy heart, and it is sure to mean healthy profits).DToday the one-billion-dollar-a-year soybean business is dominated by companies that produce soy burgers, soymilk and tofu, but the future is in new products like soy pizza, soy peanut butter, even soy breakfast cereal. But experience has shown that unless healthy food tastes good, it fails in the marketplace. And many consumers consider the taste of soy, in this case tofu, bland or at best, bean-like. In Boca Burger in Chicago they won't say how they make their soy burgers taste like meat, but they're convincing enough to be featured in school cafeterias and fast food restaurants.

填空题ARMANI STYLE COMES TO SHANGHAIItalian designer Giorgio Armani opened a flagship store on Saturday on Shanghai's famed Bund, joining a wave of foreign designers targeting China's new rich.The opening of a 1,100 square-meter group of specialty shops drew curious stares from elderly men taking their morning stroll down the row of early 20th century buildings. They peered through the windows at sandals and handbags costing far more than most Shanghainese earn in a month. The Italian designer plans to open as many as 30 stores on the Chinese mainland by 2008. "This is the long-term vision for the brand in China," said Armani. "I know Shanghai is changing very quickly. There's an enormous feeling of contrast between old and new. Everyone is talking about Shanghai these days." (8) They include Italian designer Salvatore Ferragano and French designer Louis Vuitton. British sports car maker Jaguar used Shanghai as the site for revealing its new XJ model. Luxury brands Maserati and Bentley also have showrooms. Armani wouldn't give any forecast of sale from Three on the Bund, in a 1916 building facing the Huangpu River. It also features an Evian Spa, a barbershop with individual boxes outfitted with CD and DVD players, an art gallery and a restaurant set up by Celebrity French chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten. "We invest here not expecting to make real returns immediately," said Robert Triefus, an Armani spokesman. "We're absolutely convinced that this is a good time to get into this market."Armani already has a small presence on China's mainland with a boutique in the basement of Beijing's Palace Hotel and another in the southern business center of Shenzhen, which borders Hong Kong. (9) It said it was considering the mainland as a location for its chain of Armani Hotels, now on the drawing board. The company said its sales on the mainland rose 17 percent last year, though it didn't give dollar figures. "We're seeing lots of mainlanders coming over to Hong Kong, but we have an equally strong, growing customer base on the mainland," Triefus said. Armani plans to open two more boutiques in Shanghai later this year. At the boutique on the Bung a slender black silk blouse will set buyers back the equivalent of US ＄1, 150 more than the average Chinese earns in a year. A pair of slim sandals is US ＄424, while other prices range up to about US ＄2,400. The lowest-priced item spotted: a salmon pink T-shirt for US ＄120. (10) Luxury brands such as Armani--and even Haagen-Dazs, which charges US ＄3 for single-scoop of ice cream--focus on the richest level of Chinese consumers who are not afraid to spend. (11) "The number is not big, but it's a sharp increase." A lot more Chinese could not afford the brand-name items, so instead they buy brand-name accessories, like purses, ties and shoes. The latest information from the luxury goods industry has shown that brand-name makers will be more aggressive this year. (12) And Cartier will expand its number of outlets from 3 to 15 in three years. Jacques Franck Dossin, analyst with the US-based Goldman Sachs, said that China's luxury market will develop at the highest speed in the coming 10 years and take second place in the world, with the largest customer group.A Another strong trend is the return to traditional lingerie fabrics such as satin and washable silks.B Economist Yue Zheng from the accounting firm Price Waterhouse Coopers, believes that Shanghai's market for luxury items has over 100, 000 stable customers.C Haagen-Dazs will open at least another 10 stores on the mainland, Louis Vuitton 2 to 3.D They peered through the windows at sandals and handbags costing far more than most Shanghainese earn in a month.E Shanghai already is home to an army of foreign designer boutiques targeting the new rich.F The company opened its first outlet on Chinese territory in 2002 with a megastore in Hong Kong.G Shanghai is the richest city on the mainland and is seeing a lot of people taking to the high-spending lifestyle.

填空题· Look at the form below.· You will hear a man calling about making appointment. {{B}}Mrs Cooper's Schedule for Next Week{{/B}}Monday: visiting factoryTuesday: (9) __________________Wednesday: meeting in the morning, appointment with (10) __________________Thursday: at 10:30, meet with (11) __________________ in his office to discuss next year's (12) __________________