填空题About half as many cars are produced in Italy than in France.

填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}·Look at the sentences below and the following job advertisements.·Which job does each sentence (1-7) refer to?·For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.·You will need to use some of these letters more than once. {{B}} A{{/B}} You will be in charge of our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture. You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree. {{B}}B{{/B}} You will be based at our headquarters in London. You will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy. You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office. You will have gained your buying experience in women's fashion and will hold a degree in design with a business studies component. {{B}}C{{/B}} You will be head of the legal office, and your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, maintaining diary and supervising another staff member. You will need good organizing skills in order to keep ahead of a varied workload. You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential. {{B}}D{{/B}} You will be dealing with budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration. You will communicate constantly with our main office using the latest technology. Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification.

填空题Decision Making Psychology Made Simple Decisions decisions! Understanding decision making psychology can enable you to reach a conclusion quicker. Whether it's choosing a holiday destination, or project to fund. you'll find this outline of decision making psychology a useful addition to your management toolkit. Making up your own mind should (in theory at least) be the easiest after all, there's only one person involved! So we'll skip onto the more challenging area of group decision making. Somehow. out of the personality clashes,power struggles and hidden agendas, a perfect solution is expected to emerge...... In group decision making, there are a number of methods that can be applied, (8) The methods that are closer to the directive range, mean that the decision is made by a limited, small number of decision makers in the group. The methods that are lower on the spectrum.towards the participatory range, mean that the decision is made by all the parties involved. Individual Dominance is where one person in the group has the authority or power to make the final decision. Minority Minority usually takes the form of decisions delegated from larger groups and made by sub-committees. Majority Rules usually involve the group voting on the alternatives and the alternative receiving the most votes, wins. Consensus is achieved through group discussion of the alternatives, where every group member can agree on an option and commit to the outcome. Directive decision making is great when time is tight and decisions need made fast, The risk is that decisions made by one person are owned by one person. People affected by the decision can soon make their feelings known by their actions. (9) If there is a low or negative bank account between people involved, there may be trouble ahead! (10) In simple terms, people want to be involved.Regardless of power or status, knowing you have control and influence over your working life increases satisfaction and productivity. It is well known in the caring professions that offering choice helps speed recovery. The bed-bound patient who is asked whether they want their curtains open or closed, or has a plant to care for. fares better than those whose life is entirely managed by other people,Involving more people in decision making is risky. It takes more time. It requires skilled facilitation. It doesn't guarantee success. (11) Decision making psychology is simple-involvement gets results. Although power struggles, personality clashes and hidden agendas are scary territory, over time,power dissipates, people get on and agendas become more transparent. (12) The decision to work this way is yours!A．To increase your chance of a decision being accepted, a more participatory approach is recommended.B．But what it does do, is increase the likelihood of decisions being owned and acted upon by enough people for a positive change to be effected.C．These methods map out along a spectrum,from 'directive' to 'participatory' decision making.D．Invest some time in learning group decision making techniques and getting facilitation experience and you will get results.E．If there is a high emotional bank account between people involved, the decision may be accepted although not liked.F．Corporate executives have come to learn that to be effective, doing good must be grounded in a firm's long-term strategy.G．So we'll skip onto the more challenging area of group decision making.

填空题· Look at the note below.· You will hear a man telephoning a travel agent. {{B}} Booking Form{{/B}} Booking reference {{U}}(8) {{/U}}Name Steve MasonCompany Tabco Ltd.Flight to CairoDeparture At {{U}}(5) {{/U}}, 29 OctoberClass of ticket {{U}}(6) {{/U}}Cost (return flight) Total amount {{U}}(7) {{/U}}.

填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}·You will hear three conversations.·Write down one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms.{{B}}Conversation One{{/B}}·Look at the note below.·You will hear a talk between two men. Tuesday 5 November{{U}}Tasks{{/U}}1 Ask Dr. Rae to network computers in the{{U}} (1) {{/U}}Division. Then{{U}} (2) {{/U}}group.2 Make appointment with{{U}} (3) {{/U}}on Friday at 11:30 a. m.3 Book{{U}} (4) {{/U}}for this evening.

填空题· Read the article below about advertising.· Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.· For each gap 8--12, mark one letter (A--G) on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once. {{B}} ADVERTISING{{/B}} Advertising is part of our daily lives. To find proof, you have only to leaf through a magazine or newspaper or count the radio or television commercials that you hear in one evening. Most people see and hear a mass of advertising messages every day. And people respond to the many devices that advertisers use to gain their attention. Advertising is a big business, and, to many people, a fascinating one, filled with attraction and excitement. It is part literature, part art, and part show business. Advertising is the difficult business of bringing information to great numbers of people. The purpose of an advertisement is to make people respond into make them react to an idea, {{U}}(8) {{/U}}. At the beginning of the 20th century, advertising was described as "salesmanship in print". If this definition were expanded to include radio and television, it would still stand today. {{U}} (9) {{/U}}It can be found as far back as the public criers of ancient Greece-- who, for a fee, shouted out messages about a company's products to one and all. {{U}} (10) {{/U}}This early ad was the work of William Caxton, England's first printer, who used it to advertise religious books from his own studio. Caxton posted small printed notices along London's main streets. This same sort of simple, informational advertising is still used. {{U}}(11) {{/U}}. The Industrial Revolution, in the 18th and 19th centuries, brought a new kind of advertising. Large factories took the place of small workshops, and goods were produced in large quantities. Manufacturers used the newly built railroads to distribute their products over wide areas. They had to find many thousands of customers in order to stay in business. They could not simply tell people where shoes or cloth or tea could be bought--they had to learn how to make people want to buy a specific product. Advertising agencies began to develop in the United States just after the Civil War. {{U}}(12) {{/U}} But they soon added the service of writing and producing advertisements.From these modest beginnings, advertising has developed into a highly specialized and profitable business.A Advertising is very old.B Examples include the roadside signs that tell travelers that they can buy fresh corn just down the road or that there is a restaurant in the next town.C Thus modern advertising was born.D Advertising is part of our daily lives.E such as helping to prevent forest fires, or to make them want to buy a certain product or service.F At first, the chief objective of these agencies was to sell space in the various media, mainly newspapers and magazines.G The first printed advertisement in the English language appeared in 1478, more than a century before Shakespeare's first play was produced.

填空题· Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.· For each gap (8--12), mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once. {{B}}Setting up an appraisal scheme{{/B}} Appraisals can be a wonderful opportunity for your staff to focus on their jobs and make plans to develop their unused potential. They can also be a means of getting the best out of staff, both as individuals, and as team members. So, if you have decided that an appraisal scheme should be set up in your company, you need to establish some formal procedures and make some decisions before you begin. Even if your company already has a scheme, you need to consider what you want to achieve and how you are going to do this. First of all, you need to decide on your key objectives and the real purpose of your scheme. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}A scheme should never be introduced at a time of redundancies, or simply for profit or competitive edge, because this will create fear and alienate staff. The next step is to decide how the scheme can most successfully be managed. It is essential that all senior staff are committed to the process and willing to make a positive contribution. The person given responsibility for designing the scheme and the appraisal forms needs to have knowledge of all roles within the organisation. He or she must also be aware of employees' potential needs.{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}It should be someone who is trusted and whom staff will turn to if they are concerned about their appointed appraiser or the appraisal interview. The design of the scheme should indicate who will be appraising whom. This needs great tact and sensitivity. First, remember that no manager can effectively appraise more than seven or eight people. It is equally important to remember that, if significant numbers of staff are appraised by someone they dislike, or by a person whose values they do not share, the success of your scheme may be threatened. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}So bear this in mind from the beginning and, if necessary, establish an appeals procedure. Having decided on your policy and who will appraise which members of staff, you need to communicate this in the simplest possible way. Avoid lengthy documents - few people will read them. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}Host organisations choose a person's line manager to be the appraiser. This can be seen as an opportunity or a threat, so be ready to consider alternatives if necessary. Once you have established the appraisal process, make sure that appraisal interviews take place at a convenient time, and ideally on neutral ground. It should be borne in mind that some appraisals may involve the disclosure of confidential information. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}These will show the decisions that were taken during the interview and will also indicate any new performance targets that have been agreed. A It is important to select a manager who can deal effectively with any suspicions staff may have about appraisals.B Such a measure can also reduce insecurity and unite staff in recognising the positive elements of appraisal.C Having even one staff member in such a position may affect how others respond to the process.D Ideally, this should be to provide a supportive framework that aids staff development.E Simply make sure that staff know who will appraise them and why, and what form the interview will take.F It is therefore important to decide who will have access to written records of the appraisal.G They can also be a means of getting the best out of staff, both as individuals, and as team members.

填空题The Web Lifestyle If you ask people today why they use telephone to communicate with their friends or why they turn to television for entertainment, they would (34) look at you as if you were crazy. We don't think about a telephone or a (35) television or a car as if being strange things. These things have become (36) such an integral part of life that they are no longer noticed, therefore, let (37) alone are remarked upon. In the same way, within a decade no one will (38) notice the web. It will just be there, with an integral part of life. It will be (39) a reflex to turn to the web for shopping, education, entertainment and (40) communication, just as it is natural today to pick up the telephone call to (41) talk to someone. There is incredible huge interest in the web. Yet it is (42) still infancy. The technology and the speed of response are about to leap up (43) forward. This will move much more and more people to the web as (44) part of their everyday lives. Eventually, everyone's business card will certain (45) have an electronic mail address. The web will be so as much a way of life as the car by 2008. Probably before.

填空题AOne of the more discernible trends in the financial-service industry in recent times has been the adoption of programs designed to encourage more personalized relationships between an institution's employees and its clients, particularly those clients who are major depositors. The expression most commonly used to describe this type of program is "relationship banking".BIn relationship banking the emphasis is on establishing a long-term multiple-service relationship; on satisfying the totality of the client's financial-service needs; on minimizing the needs or desires of clients to splinter their financial business among various institutions.CImplicit within any definition of relationship banking is recognition that the financial-service requirements of one individual or relatively homogeneous group will likely be substantially different from those of another individual or group. A successful relationship banking program is, therefore, dependent in a large part on the development of a series of financial-service "packages", each designed to meet the needs of identifiable homogeneous groups.DAnother dimension of relationship banking is the development of highly personalized relationships between employee and client. In most financial institutions today the client is serviced by an employee who happens to be free at the time, regardless of the nature of the transaction. Personalized relationships are therefore difficult to establish. In a full relationship banking program, however, the client knows there is one individual within the institution who has intimate knowledge of the client's requirements and preferences regarding complex transactions.

填空题·You will hear another five recordings.·For each recording, decide what the speaker is doing.·Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording.·Do not use any letter more than once. There are some extra letters which you do not need to use·You will hear the five recordings twice. A．inviting comments B．raising an objection C．opening and setting agenda D．interrupting E．interpreting a trend F．defending himself/herself G．offering support H．ending a presentation

填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}· Look at the statements below and the advice given by four market experts to a holiday company on the opposite page.· Which expert's advice (A, B, C or D) does each statement (1-7) refer to?· For each statement (1-7), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.· You will need to use some of these letters more than once. {{B}}Four market experts offer advice to SunTours, the middle-market tour operatorA Robert Worth{{/B}} Marketing to a wider audience could lead to more people buying direct from SunTours rather than going through travel agents, and the consequent reduction in agents' commissions might boost company profits. Towards the end of the season, reducing the cost of holidays would attract last-minute customers, thus avoiding any possible loss on unfilled accommodation and flights, The company could also increase profits by selling more specialised holidays here in Britain, perhaps by offering breaks at historic sites and coastal destinations.{{B}}B Steven Worrel{{/B}} Whether it's worth discounting surplus holidays is an arguable point, as it not only cuts into profits, but also results in budget-conscious holidaymakers being put next to SunTours' more affluent customers, thus damaging the brand. It may seem attractive at first because of tight margins, but SunTours should think twice before taking up this option. Currently, SunTours is planning to sell higher-margin holidays to previously 'unmarketed' destinations for which demand is greater than supply. It is likely that accommodation providers in these emerging holiday destinations will be more flexible when it comes to setting terms. The firm should go ahead with this policy.{{B}}C Ursula Capalbo{{/B}} Good risk management and higher sales can guarantee higher profits. Although SunTours has always been averse to planning, the company would in fact benefit from a risk model that forecasts the impact of discounting on cash flow and profitability throughout the year. SunTours would then be able to change direction when things go wrong, as they inevitably do from time to time. Diversification can increase rather than spread risk, so caution is needed as the company enters regions where facilities for tourists are not yet fully developed. Targeting customers nearing retirement age, whose disposable income and leisure time are increasing, would be ideal.{{B}}D Gillian Wilmot{{/B}} SunTours knows that good relationships with customers is the key to success in the travel business. With this in mind, the company should consider that brochure mailings, unlike electronic communications, can attract customers and maximise year-round opportunity. They encourage summer tourists to take another break and can even be used to send a thank-you letter to returning customers. Selling holidays at a reduced price is definitely not a sensible option. A better choice would be value-added promotions which can improve profitability and build on SunTours customers' desire for high-quality service.

填空题·Read the text below about The True Key to Value.·In most of the lines 34--45 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.·If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.·If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. {{B}}The True Key to Value{{/B}}Eough Okay, the economy is unquestionably "bad" enough, but most of us still have toCompany put food on the table, manage our business company, and produce a profit.34 And even though the economy may go up and down, some things35 never change--one of which being, even in the tough times, when most of us cut back36 on spending, nobody can completely stop spending. That means somebody is37 always buying and somebody is always selling things. In tough economic times,38 you just need to make sure that you are one of those doing some selling. The39 key to selling anything success in these conditions is something that can be40 referred to as "exceeding expectations". Quite so simply, this is the means by41 which value is created and things get sold. You can not exceed expectations in42 price, quality, or service--and possibly all three--but you must understand it43 what it really means to exceed expectations before you can very actually do it.44 The first thing to understand is this: The expectations you exceed today become45 the likely seed for new opportunities in the future. This may seem obvious, but many people fail to connect today's actions with future opportunities.

填空题A. Changing views on what is good businessB. The promotion of free business environmentC. Factors managers should consider in making decisionsD. Relations between laws and ethicsE. Ethics, a force in directing one's actionF. Harmful business activities totally prohibitedG. The scope of business ethics ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR Ethics is a collection of moral principles and rules of Ethics guides behaviour based on beliefs about what is right and wrong. The source of these beliefs may be tradition, religion, or reasoned judgements about what is best for the individual and society as a whole. Business ethics is the group of rules of conduct applied specifically to business activities.

填空题Notes The first woman asked Sam to draft (9) . To divide the employees into several groups according to their (10) . When you get here in the morning, (11) the machine for 3 to 5 minutes. Remember to wear (12) to avoid geeing burnt.

填空题The Nature of Money See if you can locate a $5, $10, or $20 bill printed before 1964 and marked "Federal Reserve Note" over the portrait. In the upper-left portion above the seal, a statement written in fine print says that the note is legal tender (法定货币) and that it "is redeemable (可兑现的)in lawful money at the United States Treasury (美国财政部), or at any Federal Reserve Bank." Does this mean that the bill is not lawful? At the bottom center the same bill says, "Will pay to the bearer on demand X dollars." (8) . (9) . Many people believe that money has no value unless (10) . They think that the Federal Reserve note is only a symbol for money, and that real money is the precious metal backing the note. Some people look on money as wealth and believe that it must have intrinsic (内在的)value.If we were to study the history of money, we would find that (11) . Cattle, shell, beads (珠子), tobacco leaves, and various metals—including iron, zinc (锌), bronze (青铜), and copper—have all been used as a basis of exchange. The precious metals, particularly silver and gold, have proved most satisfactory for this purpose and have been most commonly used in modern times.Until early 1968, the United States backed its Federal Reserve Notes with 25 percent gold, but this did not mean that (12) . Clearly, it is not what money is but what it does that is important.A it is backed by gold or silver.B in different places and at different times a variety of things have been used as money.C See if you can locate a $5, $10, or $20 bill printed before 1964 and marked "Federal Reserve Note" over the portrait.D citizens could use gold as money or convert paper dollar to gold.E therefore, the precious metals can be taken as money.F Does it mean that your X-dollar bill is not X dollars?G Much confusion exists about the real nature of money.

填空题 1

填空题FRENCH BUSINESS TRIP: Wed 2/10-10-Fri 4/10Appointments11.30 Meeting at Maplo with (9) She's their new (10) 15.30 Meet Monsieur 361051 at (11) to discuss hew products. Don't forget Call office tomorrow. 　 (12) to Rome on Friday

填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}· You will bear three telephone conversations or messages.· Write one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below.· You will hear each recording twice.{{B}}Conversation One{{/B}}· Look at the notes below.· You will hear a man telephoning a travel agency. MESSAGE Visiting City: Frankfurt Main Features: · The Old City: old buildings · {{U}}(1) {{/U}}magnificent · several{{U}} (2) {{/U}}and restaurants · Food is cheap and{{U}} (3) {{/U}}. · Staying Hotel:{{U}} (4) {{/U}}Hotel