填空题I had a really terrible day at the office. I managed to {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}quite a lot of work in the morning, and I {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}my new boss endless cups of coffee, and I {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}all the filing. But she didn't seem to be at all happy. After lunch I {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}a few more letters, and I was a bit tired, so I {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}a few small mistakes. She was absolutely furious and {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}such a fuss! I told her I was {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}my best and that seemed to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}her even more angry. I think she ought to learn to {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}her own typing.

填空题·You will hear five different people talking about their present jobs.·For each extract there are two tasks. For Task One, decide the feeling of each speaker from the list A-H. For Task Two, choose the outcome of the talk from the list A-H.·You will hear the recording twice. TASK ONE--THE FEELING OF THE SPEAKER·For questions 13-17, match the extracts with the feelings, listed A-H.·For each extract, decide what the feeling of each speaker is.·Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract.A being angryB being proudC being worriedD being unsatisfiedE being jealousF being tired of the jobG being cautiousH being disappointed

填空题Stakeholders can't simply rely on market forces to ensure global corporate social responsibility.

填空题More rights have to be given to promotable subordinates, even though the boss is competent.

填空题 ·Read the text below about labor shortage. ·For each question (31-40), write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. Wish little service productivity growth, the principal way of expanding output has been to add more bodies. Politicians love to take credit{{U}} (31) {{/U}}an 18. 2 million increase in jobs in this decade,{{U}} (32) {{/U}}in the service businesses firms essentially have been digging the Grand Canyon with millions of people equipped only with picks and shovels-more production but achieved by the brute-force technique of adding bodies, rather{{U}} (33) {{/U}}by improving efficiency. The opportunities{{U}} (34) {{/U}}improve service productivity through office automation, better management, etc. are tremendous, even{{U}} (35) {{/U}}an increase in the skills of the rank and file. The pressure to get that improvement will come from the customers, themselves facing excruciating global competition. A manufacturer can be, doing a bang-up job of raising his own productivity. Furthermore,{{U}} (36) {{/U}}the globalization of almost everything, service industries from finance{{/U}} (37) {{/U}}airlines are now experiencing direct international competition. And the deregulation of banking, trucking, telecommunications and other service industries has freshened the bracing winds of competition, forcing companies{{U}} (38) {{/U}}AT￡T and U. S. West to slash their workforces to dramatically improve productivity. A speed-up in productivity growth means that fewer additional service workers will be hired{{U}} (39) {{/U}}non-manufacturing productivity had grown on trend in the last decade, jobs would have been creeled, and the current unemployment rate would be 13%, and if overall productivity growth in the next ten years averages 2%, the unemployment rate will still average about 10%. So forget about labor shortages in the 1990s. Any slowdown in the labor supply will be more than compensated{{U}} (40) {{/U}}by increased use of machinery and computers, and by people working better and smarter.

填空题The Four-Day Workweek Is Winning Fans In an era when most of us seem to be working more hours than ever (provided we're still lucky enough to have jobs), 17, 000 people in Utah have embarked on an unusual experiment. A year ago, the Beehive State became the first in the U. S. to mandate a four-day workweek for most state employees, closing offices on Fridays in an effort to reduce energy costs. The move is different from a furlough in that salaries were not cut; nor was the total amount of time employees work. (9) But on that fifth (glorious) day, they don't have to commute, and their offices don't need to be heated, cooled or lit. After 12 months, Utah's experiment has been deemed so successful that a new acronym could catch on: TGIT (thank God it's Thursday). (10) Altogether, the initiative will cut the state's greenhouse-gas emissions by more than 12, 000 metric tons a year. (11) "It's beneficial for the environment and beneficial for workers," says Lori Wadsworth, a professor at Brigham Young University who helped survey state employees. "People loved it." Those who didn't tended to have young children and difficulty finding extended day care. (12) Private industry is interested as well—General Motors has just instituted a workweek of four 10-hour days at several of its plants. "There is a sense that this is ready to take off," says R. Michael Fischl, an associate dean at the University of Connecticut's law school, which is organizing a symposium on four-day weeks. The advantages of a so-called 4-10 schedule are clear: less commuting, lower utility bills. (13) By staying open for more hours most days of the week, Utah's government offices have become accessible to people who in the past had to miss work to get there in time. (14) Plus, fears that working 10-hour days would lead to burnout turned out to be unfounded—Wadsworth says workers took fewer sick days and reported exercising more on Fridays. "This can really make a difference for work-life balance," says Jeff Herring, Utah's executive director for human resources. Of course, in the age of the BlackBerry, fewer days in the office may not make much of a difference in terms of workload. But as energy prices start rising again, it makes sense to be flexible and find savings where we can.A．The disadvantage of 4-10 schedule is clear.B．And perhaps not surprisingly, 82 % of state workers say they want to keep the new.C．The state found that its compressed workweek resulted in a 13% reduction in energy use and estimated that employees saved as much as $ 6 million in gasoline costs.D．And there have been unexpected benefits as well, even for people who aren't state employees.E．They pack in 40 hours by starting earlier and staying later four days a week.F．Managers from around the world have gotten in touch with Utah officials, and cities and towns including El Paso, Texas, and Melbourne Beach, Fla., are following the state's lead.G．With the new 4-10 policy, lines at the department of motor vehicles actually got shorter.H．A year ago, the Beehive State became the first in the U. S. to mandate a four-day workweek for most state employees, closing offices on Fridays in an effort to reduce energy costs.

填空题· You will hear five different people talking about problems and responses to them in the companies where they work.· For each extract there are two tasks. For Task One, decide which problem each speaker mentions from the list A-H. For Task Two, decide which response the company made to the problem from the list A-H.· After you have listened once, replay the recording. {{B}}Task One - Problems{{/B}}· For questions 13-17, match the extracts with the problems, listed A-H.· For each extract, decide which problem for the company is mentioned.· Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract.A The directors' experience was narrow.B Certain products went out of fashion.C There was a reliance on poor-quality supplies.D There were conflicts between directors.E Too many new products were launched at the same time.F Reasons for previous success were misunderstood.G There was a failure to understand economic trends.H Some advisors made poor recommendations.

填空题The headmaster suggested (get) ______ Personal Accident Insurance for the students who were planning ______ on a school skiing holiday.

填空题its short-term debt facilities. Worst of all news, perhaps, Dawkin has just

填空题A Steve CakebreadWhen Salesforce. com, the online customer-relations management company went shopping for a CFO last year, it was ramping up to take on the big boys. It found an experienced hand. Steve Cakebread spent 18 years at HP, running divisions around the world; moved to Silicon Graphics as VP for finance, worldwide sales and distribution; and then joined Autodesk as CFO. He says a long resume has real value: "It's all too easy for a new company not to bring in enough experience."B Mark AngelinoDrawing on his 22 years of sales experience at IBM, Mark Angelino picked a few sectors he wanted to own -- transportation, financial services, manufacturing, and health care —and found sales managers with deep expertise in those industries. Angelino changed the compensation system to reward employees who developed longer-term and more profitable customer relationships. In less than two years, he added ＄1.1 billion in new revenues and almost 2 million new customers, and built Nextel's sales force into the most successful in the telecom industry.C Adam BosworthBosworth's wisdom accounted for his extraordinary success at Microsoft, where he helped lead the development of Internet Explorer and pioneered XML, the standard language at the heart of Web services and the potential universal translator of data between incompatible systems. "I would like to say that Web services was a great engineering achievement, but it was always about keeping it simple, stupid," he says. "The big challenge was getting people aligned with it." At BEA, he has stoutly defended the technological lead of the company's franchise product, the WebLogic application server, against a concerted assault by IBM's WebSpere.D Jeff KayWhen he was only 34, Jeff Kay was tapped to run the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the government's biggest civilian R&D program. With an annual budget of nearly ＄1 billion, he bet on promising new technologies like digital video and advanced composites. Now deeply involved in a ＄1 billion venture capital fund, Kay skips from R&D conferences to university research labs to hot startups in pursuit of smart people and their best ideas. Jeff Kay believes that, for an R&D manager "it's critical to get outside your own four walls."E Angel MendezWhen Mendez arrived at Palm, material costs were rising, margins were shrinking, and the company was smothered by pres of excess inventory. Though he wasn't the first in the tech field to do so, he consolidated nearly all fabrication in China. By tapping suppliers there, Palm was able to cut costs by almost 30 percent. "I have a job where I manage 75 percent of the company's costs," he says. "You literally live and die by your results" Mendez might just live: Palm's gross margins have risen to 31.3% from 29.2% last year.

填空题Economists use the term market to refer to a collection of buyers and sellers who transact to a particular

填空题The Passive-Aggressive Organisation Healthy companies are hard to mistake．Their managers have access to good，timely information， the authority to make informed decisions．and the incentives to make them on behalf of the organisation，which promptly and capably carries them out A good term for the healthiest of such organisations is"resilient"，since they can react nimbly (31) challenges and recover quickly (32) those they cannot dodge． Unfortunately，most companies are not resilient．In fact，fewer than one (33) five of the approximately 30，000 individuals (34) responded to a global online survey Booz Allen Hamilton conducted describe their organisations that way．The largest number- over one-quarter-say they suffer from the cluster of pathologies we place (35) the label"passive-aggressive"．The category takes its name from the organisation's quiet but tenacious resistance，in every way but openly，to corporate directives． In passive-aggressive organisations，people pay those directives lip service，putting in only enough effort to appear compliant．Employees feel free to do as they see fit (36) there are hardly ever unpleasant consequences，and the directives themselves are often misguided and thus seem worthy (37) defiance． Making matters worse，senior management has left unclear where accountability actually lies，in effect absolving managers of final responsibility (38) anything they do． Those (39) initiative must wait interminably for a go-ahead．and their actions when finally taken (40) accompanied by a chorus of second-guessing，a poor but understandable substitute for the satisfaction of accomplishing the task at hand．

填空题of the rich and neglect to the needs of the poor. Workers would be exploited by industrial barons

填空题We shall instruct our legal department to take action against you. ______

填空题·Read this text about information-oriented society.·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.·For each gap g- 14, mark one fetter (A- H) on your Answer Sheet.·De not use any letter more than once. {{B}}New Developments for an Information-Oriented Society{{/B}}The astounding technological progress that is being achieved recently with electronics as the centerpiece is providing our society with sophisticated means for information processing and distribution. Information channeling technology is undergoing rapid progress and has, in reality, become a decisive factor determining the very future of our society and economy. in our society, "information" is gaining relatively greater significance compared with material resources.Backed by civilian factors such as diversification of philosophies of value and sophistication of needs and preferences in concert with the nation's rising living standard, Japanese society is presently undergoing changes in the extension of economic services and in the industrial structure. Meanwhile, newly coined words such as "information channeling, " "software-based operations" and "de-industrialization" have come into use to make these changes tangible, and whet can be said commonly in connection with these words in that.{{U}} (9) {{/U}}.The trend toward and information-oriented society is becoming apparent even in industry, with personnel engaged in information channeling professions increasing at a fast pace recently in all sectors of industry. These trends in both society and industry have been made possible primarily through poplar acceptance of the computer, communications equipment and data processing equipment, but further reliance on sophisticated computerized systems can be seen not only in the sector of industry but also in our daily lives.{{U}} (10) {{/U}}.Information channeling is undergoing remarkable progress an various sectors of society-in industrial activities, public services and, more recently, in daily living.In the sector of industrial activities, automations is continuing with the aim of increasing productivity-introduction of computers for process control by the manufacturing industry, end introduction of NC machine tools, industrial robots, CAD/CAM systems and, more recently, FMS by the processing and assembling industries.Meanwhile, in offices, rapid office automation is presently in progress, stimulated by the popular acceptance of computerized systems, expansion of communications networks and the remarkable technological progress achieved in related equipment such as Japanese word processors.{{U}} (11) {{/U}}Information channeling is being utilized actively in the field of public services. For example, large-capacity computers were introduced from an early stage for the control of railway trains and for extending seat reservation services, and more recently diagnostic systems utilizing computers have become commonplace in medical care to cope with the steady an aging society, research is in progress to develop technologies related to medical information systems with the aim of improving efficiency in medical services.{{U}} (12) {{/U}}.In the sector of administration, efficiency of clerical work is being improved through the introduction of computers, and huge volumes of administrative data are more recently being stored in data base systems. "In the wore of these, computers have become indispensable for advancing large-scale R&D projects as in connection with space development and atomic power development, and also in the field of basic research in life sciences.{{U}} (13) {{/U}}.To cope with civilian needs for more convenience in home living and in order to meet the needs raised by growing diversification of lifestyles, active research is presently in progress to develop and commercialize new media incorporating sophisticated data processing functions for use in addition to existing media involving the television, radio and telephone. In concert, research is being directed at developing technologies related to automation in the home.Progress of Science and Technology Supporting Information ChannelingElectronic element technology, the foundation for progress of the computer as well as communications equipment, has undergone a steady transition form the vacuum tube, followed with the transistor and IC, to the current LSI. Progress has been so dramatic in integration rates that, today, super LSIs integrating more than 100. 00 elements on a single circuit are being developed one after another elements on a single circuit are being developed one after another.{{U}} (14) {{/U}}.A The Current State of Information Channeling in Japan.B In our society, "information" is gaining relatively greater significance compared with material re- sources.C Rapid automation and efficiency improvement are also being achieved in the sector of commodity distribution through the introduction of advanced POS systems.D Dally living is also a sector in which information channeling is taking firm root.E This progress has led to remarkable improvements in system economy and reliability, leading to the successive development of microcomputers and elements designed for the widest range of applications.F Introduction of Information Systems in Various Sectors Sectors of Society.G This has resulted in computers today that feature performances that were unimaginable in the early days of the computer.H Regarding education, computerized systems including the CAI system and CMI system are presently being put to trial operation.

填空题A To maintain a statistical measure of the quantity of goods shipped abroad and to provide a means of determining whether regulations are being met, most countries require ship ments abroad to be accompanied by an export declaration. Usually such a declaration, presented at the port of exit, includes the names and addresses of the principals involved, the destination of the goods, a full description of the goods, and their declared value. When manufacturers are exporting from the United States, Customs and the Department of Cormmerce require an export declaration for all shipments. If specific licenses are required to ship a particular commodity, the export license must be presented with the export declaration for proper certification. It thus serves as the principal means of control for regulatory agencies of the U.S. government. B In exporting, the bill that the exporter or consignor sends to the importer or consignee is called a commercial invoice. This invoice lists full particulars of the shipment. The marks, the number of packages, an accurate packing list, and a full description of the merchandise should appear on the commercial invoice. It should state the name of the ship (if ocean transportation is used), the name and address of the consignee, the contract number, the code word for the contract if one is used, the price per unit of the merchandise, and the total price of the shipment. The commercial invoice should also show the nature of the price quotation, whether the merchandise is sold FOB factory, FAS vessel, or ClF port of destination. C Another essential shipping document for shipments to some countries is the consular invoice. This is a document obtained by the exporter in his or her country from the governmental representative of the importer's country. It was originally designed to help ensure that fair market values would be listed on the invoices prepared by the exporter. Thus the exporter must prepare and haw certified before the foreign consul or representative a document containing all essential details of the sale. After certification the document is forwarded to the buyer for presentation to customs with the customs declaration, ostensibly for use in determining the amount of tariff to be levied. In recent years, a number of countries including the United States and the Philippines, have eliminated the requirement for the consular invoice. But where they are still required, they must be provided. D The packing list is sometimes displayed on the commercial invoice, or it may be a separate document, depending on the number of packages and the complexity of the list. It should contain, item by item, the contents of cases or containers in a shipment. The items should be listed separately with their weight and description set forth so as to make a complete check of the contents of each package possible upon arrival at the port of destination or the customs office. This information is also useful for the consignee. Any variation in description from the commercial invoice or consular invoice usually subjects the consignee to large fines, which are then passed on to the exporter. E These contain a wide variety of special inspection certificates issued by various authorities and may be required by the importer to meet his or her own or government requirements. These documents certify as to purity and absence of disease, and are issued to cover food products, plants, seeds, and live animals. Frequently, they must be legalized by the consular representative of the importing country. Food products are those for which sanitary certificates are most often required. Special certificates are also issued for certain types of merchandise, to certify a required composition or the existence of specific ingredients. Some types of steel, for example, are sold on analysis. Certain chemical mixtures must be analyzed and certified with respect to the presence of desired constituents.

填空题·You will hear five extracts about five low-cost ways to market their business. ·For each extract there are two tasks. For Task One, choose the relatively suitable title of each extract from the list A--H. For Task Two, choose the benefit of the way inferred in each extract from the list A--H. ·You will hear the recording twice. {{B}} TASK ONE--TITLE{{/B}} ·For questions 13--17, match the extracts with the titles, listed A--H. ·For each extract, choose the title given. ·Write one letter (A--H) next to the number of the extract. A Create a destination B Combine business with pleasure and charity C Become an online expert D Court local media E Take steps to make customers feel special F Stop servicing break-even customers G Create business cards that prospects keep H Don't let customers simply slip away