单选题A. The plan for implementation will include development or configuration of an information system, introduction of new policies and procedures and the development of a change management plan. B. Because supply chains are constantly changing and evolving, a company may develop a number of logistics strategies for specific product lines, specific countries or specific customers. C. To adapt to the flexibility of the supply chain, companies should develop and implement a formal logistics strategy. This will allow a company to identify the impact of imminent changes and make organizational or functional changes to ensure service levels are not reduced. D. A company can start to develop a logistics strategy by looking at four distinct levels of their logistics organization. By examining the company's objectives and strategic supply chain decisions, the logistics strategy should review how the logistics organization contributes to those high-level objectives. E. When examining the four levels of logistics organization, all components of the operation should be examined to ascertain whether any potential cost benefits can be achieved. There are different component areas for each company but the list should at least include the following: transportation, outsourcing, logistics system, competitors and information.

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单选题· Read the text about business-school.· Choose the best word from below to fill each gap.· For each question 21—30, mark one letter (A, B, C or D). Hurtling as we are towards the new millennium, with all the social changes this iconic date implies, it is increasingly apparent{{U}} (21) {{/U}}the world of business is experiencing fundamental shifts. Today, both companies and schools are increasingly aware that business is a human activity; it's ultimately{{U}} (22) {{/U}}and about people. In future, employers will{{U}} (23) {{/U}}doubt demand more rounded individuals to run their operations, which naturally creates a question for the next generation of students, "Is the classic MBA still the model—and obligatory—passage toward that ideal career?" The Masters of Business Administration (MBA), the best-known business school label, is an introduction to general management. The traditional MBA, Harvard-style, has remained largely unaltered{{U}} (24) {{/U}}the 1950s, and seeks to provide a thorough knowledge of business functions through the case study—a(n) {{U}}(25) {{/U}}incidentally borrowed from law school. The trouble is that the real world is not a theoretical exercise. The problems managers face today are messy, and, if anything, are becoming messier, neither fitting in neat functional boxes nor{{U}} (26) {{/U}}one simple answer. Ambiguity is the hardest{{U}} (27) {{/U}}to manage, but it's the one most managers are wrestling with. "Management is more art than science," observes Richard D'Aveni, professor of strategic management at Dartmouth's Amos Tuck School of Business Administration. "No one can say with certainty which decisions will bring the most{{U}} (28) {{/U}}, any more than they can create instructions over{{U}} (29) {{/U}}to sculpt a masterpiece. You just have to feel it as it goes." John Quelch is another business-school insider who detects the limitations of the traditional syllabus. According to Quelch, leadership is an area that b-schools have not fully addressed. It is notoriously hard to teach, {{U}}(30) {{/U}}programs do have the capacity to provide a grounding in non-business areas and personal growth.

单选题Themaineffectofwinningtheawardhasbeentheincreasein

单选题All of the following are methods commonly used to differentiate products from those of competitors except ______ A．quality B．design C．tax policies D．packaging E．branding

单选题People can be addicted to different things-alcohol, drugs, even television. People who have such an addiction are (21) which means they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they (22) spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is (23) —impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that (24) credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. There is even a special psychology of (25) hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunter, however, often buy things that they don't need just because they are (26) . They want to believe that they are helping their budgets. (27) they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are (28) . Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason. It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and (29) use psychology to increase business. They (30) people's needs for love, power or influence, their basic values and beliefs in advertising and sales methods. Psychologists often use a method called ' behavior therapy' to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.

单选题 ·Read the article below about market research. ·Choose the correct word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D. ·For each question (21-30), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet. {{B}} Market Research{{/B}} Market research has become increasingly important in recent years. In some organisations, in fact, managers will not initiate any activity without market research to back them up. The first thing about market research is that it is not an{{U}} (21) {{/U}}to management decision-making. No form of market research, no matter how deep, complicated and detailed, can ever be seen as a substitute for creative decision-making by professional managers{{U}} (22) {{/U}}its very best, all it can do is{{U}} (23) {{/U}}some doubt and clarify the nature of the problem. It may even be seen as a tool which can help improve the{{U}} (24) {{/U}}of decisions but it is not in itself a decision-making mechanism. Market research, in{{U}} (25) {{/U}}with a number of other approaches in marketing, suffers from the frequent complaint that it is not really accurate. Market research results can never be completely accurate because they{{U}} (26) {{/U}}with a dynamic, ever-changing marketplace. It is essential that this is understood by everyone with an interest in the results. There is, therefore, an ongoing need for creativity and imagination, when{{U}} (27) {{/U}}market research results and when making any{{U}} (28) {{/U}}to apply them in the marketplace. Finally, it should always be remembered that market research is not an end in itself but simply a{{U}} (29) {{/U}}by which some degree of risk can be removed from marketplace activity. If no activity{{U}} (30) {{/U}}from the research, then the entire research has been completely pointless.

单选题A. There are two parties that decide what accounting information is useful and what is not. One is the users. It is a grave mistake for economic decision makers to leave this decision up to the "experts". If the accounting profession is not providing the information users need, or is not preparing it in a way that makes sense, the users must demand a change. The second party that decides what accounting information is useful and what is not is the accounting profession—but always with the proviso that the information should be tailored to the needs of users. B. The decisions made by internal and external decision makers are similar in some ways, but so different in other ways that two separate branches of accounting have developed to meet the needs of these two categories of user. The accounting information generated specifically for use by internal decision makers is the product of what is called management accounting, while that generated for use by external parties is the product of what is called financial accounting. C. Much of human life revolves around economic issues. We will be better equipped to deal with these issues and their effects on our daily lives if we understand the economic decision-making process and the information that affects it. First, let's take a look at the people making economic decisions. Economic decision makers can be divided into two broad categories: internal and external. Internal decision makers are individuals within a company who make decisions on behalf of the company, while external decision makers are individuals or organizations outside a company who make decisions that affect that company. D. The first characteristic of internal decision makers is they make decisions for the company. In other words, they act on behalf of the company. They decide such things as whether the company should sell a particular product, whether it should enter a certain market, and whether it should hire or fire employees. Note that in all of these matters, the responsible internal decision maker is not making the decision for herself of himself, but rather for the company. The second characteristic of internal decision makers is that they have greater access to the financial information of the company than do people outside the company. E. Economic decision making involves the evaluation of alternatives. In order to be useful in such an evaluation, the accounting information for one alternative must be comparable to the accounting information for the other alternative(s). For example, assume you intend to make an investment and are considering two companies as investment alternatives. If the two companies use totally different accounting methods, you would find it very difficult to make a useful comparison. Comparability is an important quality of accounting information in many decision-making settings.

单选题By ______ employees to properly perform the tasks they are assigned, management can maximize the firm"s value.

单选题If consumer incomes increase, the effect consumer decisions about how much they want to buy can be shown by ______ A．shifting demand curve outward (to the right). B．shifting supply curve outward. C．shifting the demand curve inward (to the left). D．moving downward to the right along the demand curve. E．shifting the supply curve inward.

单选题Learn to Be a Team PlayerA wise man once said to a young novice, "The best way to limit your accomplishments is to try doing everything by yourself."A simple statement, yet it has (21) implications. The result is evident when you work with others: You (22) your effectiveness. You achieve bigger success. You and your team can go far. In fact, the sky is the limit when you all work as a team.The adage, "many hands make light work" is not only tree but practical these days when the demands and pressure at workplace are high. More often, lone rangers tire and get worn out before they (23) .So it's wiser to inculcate team spirit from young, especially in the school, and learn the skills needed to be a survivor in the working field (24) on in life.Team-building is an art. And like any artisan, we all need to embrace the skills required to be a perfect artist. It may take heaps of encouragement, tons of (25) and a truckload of patience to master the skills. It also takes careful delegation and long hours. But the results are (26) it.Also We need to (27) with our peers. We may need to harness their energy, ideas and share in their wisdom. We must learn to (28) responsibilities and duties and not attempt to reinvent the wheel, so to (29) .Remember, two heads are better than one. So, be prepared to work with others and work as a team. (30) , it is the end results that matter. Working as a team, the goal always seems easier to achieve than if we were to go at it alone.

单选题According to the passage, which of the following categories of travelers will gain most from airline alliances?

单选题According to the third paragraph, what should the organization do about the impact of the stress?

单选题Complete each definition by writing one word in the gap. The first letter has been written in for you. When you telephone a supplier to order goods or services you place an order.

单选题With euro bills and coins now circulating across much of Europe, the European Monetary Union is fully in place. The post-World War Ⅱ European leaders' dream of an economically and politically unified continent is one large step closer to realization, and membership in the monetary union could easily grow to 20 or more countries from the current 12 as the large European Union expands to the east. A fully operational European Monetary Union does not come, however, with a guarantee of success. There is one enormous problem: This union creates a single monetary policy for group of quite different national economies that often experience divergent business-cycle patterns. As long as business-cycle conditions differ significantly among European Monetary Union countries, there is no way for the central bank's policies to avoid creating serious problems for some members. The patterns of economic ups and downs remain far more diverse in the European Monetary Union countries, and it is not clear that this will change soon. The designers of the monetary union thought that the demand of a single monetary policy, combined with free trade a mong the members, would cause cyclical conditions to converge quickly, producing a unified group of economies. A 1997 agreement also limits the power of the individual nations in the European Monetary Union to use government spending or tax cuts to ease national downturns. They can be fined if they run budget deficits of more than 3 percent of their gross domestic products. No fines have been levied yet, but the threat is there. Even if the economies of the original European Monetary Union members become more similar in their cyclical behavior, it will take far longer for the convergence to include the new member nations expected to come in within the next 10 or 15 years. The chances for consensus on the Governing Council, however thin now, will become far more distant with more members representing divergent national economies. And the larger nations, like Germany, France and Italy, might well resent the power of representatives from much smaller nations to outvote them on monetary policy. All of this does not mean that the European Monetary Union is likely to fail. But clearly the arrival of the euro as the standard currency does net guarantee the union's success.

单选题(Fixed Cost)+(Quantity × Variable Cost per Unit) describes ______ A．Total Cost. B．Total Revenue. C．Break-even Point. D．Profits. E．Average Cost per Unit.

单选题The Newbies Will Set the paceEight Eastern European countries more Malta and Cyprus are posting better economic growth numbers than the euro zone. The trend is likely to persist and may push current members to make much-needed reforms.One reason the accession countries are expected to grow (21) faster than the euro zone this year is productivity growth. After (22) to wage differentials, workers in the accession countries are up to twice as productive as euro zone employees. The rapid productivity gains (23) for greater profits and real wage advancements, (24) ingredients to spurring demand.Euro zone workers are more (25) on an absolute basis. Industrial productivity growth for the thee largest entrants — Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic — will be 9.5% this year, vs.2.8% for the euro zone. A big reason for the gap is a strong inflow of foreign direct investment. Foreign companies that overhaul or build plants are (26) in better technology. (27) , the newest members have lower corporate tax rates than the euro zone. Their entry into the EU and their more attractive business environment should (28) in even greater levels of FDI to these countries. That should bring further gains in productivity. The virtuous cycle that the new entrants appear to be building will add pressure on established members to reform their labor markets, tax codes, and social benefits programs, such as pensions. The (29) euro zone is establishing a dynamic setting in which the accession countries have secured initial advantages. But the established members have a long way to go to (30) on productivity growth.

单选题According to paragraph two, setting up airline alliances will chiefly benefit______.

单选题What"s the best definition of a computer"s central processing unit (CPU)?